EP0145706A1 - Systeme de commande des emissions d'un moteur diesel - Google Patents
Systeme de commande des emissions d'un moteur dieselInfo
- Publication number
- EP0145706A1 EP0145706A1 EP83900679A EP83900679A EP0145706A1 EP 0145706 A1 EP0145706 A1 EP 0145706A1 EP 83900679 A EP83900679 A EP 83900679A EP 83900679 A EP83900679 A EP 83900679A EP 0145706 A1 EP0145706 A1 EP 0145706A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- vacuum
- servo
- engine
- egr
- regulator
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D21/00—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas
- F02D21/06—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas peculiar to engines having other non-fuel gas added to combustion air
- F02D21/08—Controlling engines characterised by their being supplied with non-airborne oxygen or other non-fuel gas peculiar to engines having other non-fuel gas added to combustion air the other gas being the exhaust gas of engine
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/52—Systems for actuating EGR valves
- F02M26/55—Systems for actuating EGR valves using vacuum actuators
- F02M26/56—Systems for actuating EGR valves using vacuum actuators having pressure modulation valves
- F02M26/57—Systems for actuating EGR valves using vacuum actuators having pressure modulation valves using electronic means, e.g. electromagnetic valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
- F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M1/00—Carburettors with means for facilitating engine's starting or its idling below operational temperatures
Definitions
- This invention relates to a system for controllin emissions from a diesel engine by both recirculating engin exhaust gases and simultaneously modulating the fue injection timing .
- HC / carbon monoxides (CO), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx in a diesel engine
- EGR exhaus gas recirculation
- NOx contro can be obtained by the use of EGR to reduce the oxyge concentration in the combustion chamber.
- th amount that can be used is limited both by the breathin capacity of the engine and the percentage of air in th charge that is available for combustion. An adequat amount of excess air must be maintained for a smoke-fre combustion.
- the EGR rate has been limited by the breath ing capacity of the engine, further NOx reduction can stil be obtained by the use of retarded injection timing.
- This invention therefore, relates to a diese engine control system that will automatically schedule EG and injection timing in a manner to provide an optimu control of HC, CO and NOx emissions. It is another object of this invention to provid a diesel engine vacuum-mechanical emission control syste that includes a three-dimensional cam responsive to engine speed and load conditions and fuel injection pump delivery changes to provide a varying schedule of EGR flow, coupled with advancing or retarding the fuel pump injection timing to minimize the output of emissions. Advancing of the injection timing provides a longer resident time permitting a better consumption of the fuel in the combustion chamber.
- Retarding the injection timing reduces the peak temperature of combustion and thereby reduces the production of NOx.
- the control of emissions from a diesel engine by controlling both EGR and fuel injection timing is known.
- SAE Report No. 800335, April 1980 suggests on page 260 that exhaust gas recirculation and fuel injection timing modulation can significantly affect the emission levels of a swirl chamber Diesel.
- no means are disclosed for accomplishing the desired results.
- Nohira et al U.S. 4,040,402 discloses an EG system responsive to various operating conditions of th engine to control the flow.
- Wirsching et al U.S. 3,015,326, discloses a arrangement for controlling the injection timing of a fue injection pump including the use of a three-dimensiona cam. However, no control of EGR flow in conjunction wit the fuel injection timing is provided.
- Garcea U.S. 3,146,770, also shows the control o fuel injection timing by the use of a three-dimensiona cam, without, however, the simultaneous control of EG flow.
- Kaibara et al U.S. 3,485,223, and U.S. 3,970,065 and Hartel, U.S. 4,105,001, also show the use of three dimensional cams and mechanical systems for controlling th fuel injection timing; without, however, the inclusion o an EGR control simultaneously operated in conjunction wit changes in the fuel injection timing.
- Figure 1 schematically represents a control syste embodying the invention
- Figures 2a, 2b, and 2c graphically represen changes in operation of the engine with changes in th parameters shown;
- Figure 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional -view of detail represented in Figure 1; and.
- Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken on plane indicated by and viewed in the direction of th arrows IV-IV of Figure 3.
- the invention provides a syste for a diesel engine that controls emissions by automa ⁇ tically regulating exhaust gas recirculation flow as a function of engine accelerator pedal position, engine load and speed, and fuel injection pump delivery; coupled with
- Figure 1 represents schema tically a portion 10 of a diesel engine, and a mechanical vacuum control system for controlling its operation.
- Th engine contains the usual cylinder block 12 within which i slidably mounted a piston 14.
- the piston together with cylinder head 16 forms a main combustion chamber 18 con nected by a recess 20 in piston 14 and a vortex passage 2 to a prechamber 24.
- Projecting into chamber 24 is a glo plug 26 and a fuel injection nozzle 28.
- the latter i supplied with fuel through a line 30 from a fuel injectio pump 31.
- the engine has the usual intake valve 32 and a exhaust valve (not shown), valve 32 operably controllin the flow of air through an intake passage 34.
- a mixer 3 combines the intake of fresh air from a passage 38 with th flow of engine exhaust gases in an exhaust gas recircu lation (EGR) passage 40.
- EGR exhaust gas recircu lation
- Rotation "of the EGR valve from the essentiall closed position shown to a wide open position is controlle by a vacuum controlled servo -44.
- the latter is of a know type consisting of a housing 45 divided by an annula flexible diaphragm 46 into an atmospheric air chamber 4 and a vacuum chamber 50.
- Chamber 50 contains a spring 5 normally biasing diaphragm 46 and EGR valve 42 to a close position.
- the vacuum source for modulating EGR flow in thi instance is provided by a vacuum pump indicated schema tically at 54.
- the pump is connected to the EGR servo 4 through a vacuum reservoir 56, a cold engine temperatur responsive valve 58, a speed sensitive vacuum regulator 60
- Vacuum regulator 6 is electrically connected to a tachometer 64 driven fro the engine crankshaft 66 to be responsive to changes i engine speed.
- the regulator 60 is designed to provide a output vacuum varying from zero or a minimum to a maximu as a function of the changes in engine speed and, there fore, provides an output vacuum force to a line 68 that i proportional to engine speed changes.
- the output in line 68 is communicated to a stand pipe 70 constituting the input for the EGR vacuum regulator unit 62.
- This unit consists of a housing 74 divided by an annular flexible diaphragm 76 into a vacuum chamber 78 and an atmospheric air pressure chamber 80. The latter is connected to atmosphere by a vent 82.
- An essentially ' U-shaped inner housing or subassembly 84 is fixed for movement with diaphragm 76 and an actuating rod 86.
- a spring 88 lightly biases a disc valve 90 against the annular inturned edge 92 of the subassembly .as shown; or, when diaphragm 76 is moved rightwardly as shown in the figure, seats the valve against the open end of stand pipe 70 to block any flow of vacuum from the same into chamber 78.
- a second vent 94 connects the inner chamber 96 to atmosphere through vent 82.
- a tension spring 98 operates to move the sub- assembly 84 leftwardly in response to operator demand to move disc valve 90 away from the end of standpipe 70 to communicate vacuum to chamber 78.
- diaphragm 76 will return rightwardly to first seat disc valve 90 against the open end of standpipe 70. Subsequent continued rightward movement of diaphragm 76 will separate the subassembly edge 92 from disc valve 90 to permit the flow of atmospheric air from inner chamber 96 into vacuum chamber 78 to decrease the vacuum level therein until an equilibrium position of the subassembly is provided.
- tension spring 98 is determined by the position of a lever 100 ( Figure 4) pivoted at 102. It is arcuately moved in response to changes in engine speed and load and fuel injection pump delivery volume. More specifically, lever 100 ' J.s adjustably and pivotably connected at its upper end to tension spring 98. Near its mid point, it supports a roller 104 that operably engages the contoured surface 106 of a three-dimensional cam 108.
- cam 108 is shown more specifically in Figures 3 and 4, and its details of construction will be described later.
- the rotational axis 110 of cam 108 is fixed, as by means of a lever 112, for rotation with the vehicle accelerator pedal indicated schematically at 114. Depression and/or release of the pedal will provide a corresponding rotation of the cam shaft 110.
- Cam 108 also is slidably movable or translatable along its axis 110 by a vacuum controlled servo 116 to cam the roller 104 in an axial direction along the circumference of cam 108.
- the servo 116 is connected by a vacuum line 117 to the speed responsive vacuum regulator 60.
- shaft 110 is also fixedly connected for rotation with the fuel injection pump fuel control lever 118 to provide EGR flow control proportional to fuel delivery. Since fuel delivery is indicative of engine load, the rotational orientation of cam 108, therefore, is indicative of engine load.
- the profile of cam 108 can be ground to produce a desired EGR schedule, such as that shown in Figures 2a and 2b, for example, by knowing the EGR regulator spring travel versus vacuum force, EGR valve position, and EGR rate relationships.
- the servo 116 in this case is used to modify the EGR schedule for different engine speeds to accommodate different NOX emission requirements at different engine speeds and changes in volumetric efficiency of the engine.
- the EG flow schedule will be controlled as a function of th movement of the vehicle accelerator pedal 114 to reflec changes in engine load and speed and fuel injection pum delivery.
- the output from vacuum regulator 60 will b modulated by means of the EGR regulator 62 to provide scheduled vacuum force in the EGR vacuum servo 44.
- the syste also includes a means to preset the EGR flow volume whe the engine is idling.
- This consists of an idle speed EG vacuum regulator 120 connected in parallel to the vacuum regulator output line 68 and controlled by a three-way solenoid controlled valve 122.
- the three-way solenoid controlled valve 122 will be operated to pass a predetermined vacuum force through the idle EGR vacuum regulator to the EGR servo 44. This will be accomplished by a bleed down of the vacuum signal in line
- the fuel pump, fuel injection timing control includes a phase shifter gearset 123 that permits rotation of the fuel pump input shaft 124 in one direction or the other relative to the crankshaft driven shaft 126.
- the shafts have attached at their adjacent ends oppositely angled helically splined gears 128, 130.
- the two gears mesh internally with a slider gear 132 that can be moved axially to force relative rotation between the two gears. In so doing, the fuel injection pump injection timing will be advanced or retarded, as the case may . be, to work in harmony with the change in EGR flow occasioned by depres ⁇ sion or release of the vehicle accelerator pedal.
- Slider gear 132 is adapted to be moved by a servo pivoted bell crank-like lever 134, the end of which is engagable in a yoke shaped portion of gear 132.
- the extended rod-like portion 136 of lever 134 has a lost motion (pin and slot type shown) connection with each of four vacuum operated servos 138, 140, 142 and 144.
- the rod 136 projects through openings in each of the slotted ends of the servo rods, which are secured respectively to annular flexible diaphragms 146, 148, 150 and 152 in the housings of the servos.
- each of the servos is constructed in a manner essentially the same as EGR servo 44 and the details of construction, therefore, will not be repeated.
- each has an individual vacuum input line 154, 156, 158 and 160 to move its diaphragm downwardly against the force of the return spring shown and against a stop indicated at 162, 164, 166, and 168 to provide a predetermined stroke of the servo rod to move control rod 136 downwardly as shown.
- a spring 170 biases- rod 136 upwardly to the initial high speed, heavy load ' position shown. In this position, the injection timing is condi ⁇ tioned for a retarded timing .
- connection of rod 136 to the four servos is in a staggered manner so that successive actuation of the servos will progressively pivot rod 136 downwardly in essentially equal increments.
- the successive actuation is scheduled to successively advance the injection timing from the initial retarded setting to provide the desired operation complementary to the changes in the EGR flow.
- Flow of vacuum to each individual servo is controlled by a number of solenoid operated vacuum flow control valves 172, 174, 176 and 178.
- the valves are supplied with vacuum from the reservoir 56 through lines 180, 182, 184 and 186 from a common supply line 188.
- the vacuum regulator 60 also supplies vacuum to two vacuum opened electrical switches 190, 192 that normally are closed to complete an electrical circuit to certain ones of the solenoids of valves 172-178. At high speeds, the high vacuum opens switches 190 and 192 to break the circuit and
- O PI deactivate the respective servos, for a purpose to b described.
- solenoid operated valve 172 in this case i electrically connected by a line 194 directly to switch 19 whose electrical contacts are normally closed, as indi cated.
- Solenoid operated control valve 176 is electricall connected by a line 196 through normally closed switch 192 and a line 198 to solenoid operated control valve 178.
- valves 176 and 178 Connected in parallel to the solenoids of valves 176 and 178 is an electrical line 200 connected to one contact 202 of a heavy load microswitch 204. Its other contact 206 is attached to a part of the fuel injection pump fuel control lever 118. The microswitch contacts are closed whenever the fuel injection pump control lever is in any position other than a heavy load indicating position. When switch 204 is closed, therefore, electrical energy will be supplied to the solenoids of valves 176 and 178 in addition to the solenoid of valve 172 so long as the vacuum controlled switches 190 and 192 remain closed.
- a second idle speed microswitch 208 is attached to the fuel injection pump control lever and closed when the lever is moved to its idle fuel flow setting.
- the servo solenoids 140, 142 and 144 also will be actuated.
- only the stroke of the idle speed control servo 138 will be effective to move rod 136 from the initial retarded timing position to an advance position as scheduled.
- the idle microswitch 208 also is connected by a line 212 to the three-way solenoid operated valve 122 to simultaneously energize the same and the idle speed vacuum regulator 120 to provide the idle speed vacuum level force that will condition the EGR servo 44 to position the EGR valve 42 in the idle speed position.
- Figure 2(c) showing graphically the successive movements of the various servos 138, 140, 142 and 144 controlling the injection timing to provide the scheduled advance or retard of the timing.
- Figures 3 and 4 show the details of construction of the three-dimensional cam .108 and its servo mechanism 116 for translating the cam along its axis.
- the unit includes an outer housing 214 rotatably receiving a shaft 216 through one end.
- the outer end of the shaft has fixed on it the lever 112 that is adapted to be connected to the vehicle accelera ⁇ tor pedal and also to the fuel injection pump lever 118 to provide concurrent rotation of all three.
- Fixed on shaft 216 within the housing 214 is the three-dimensional cam 108 having a sleeve shaft 220 extension a ially guided on shaft 216.
- the cam is nonrotatably but axially slidably secured to shaft 216 by a pin 222 projecting through a slot 224 in the shaft 216.
- Pin 222 also projects through and is fixed for movement with a second outer sleeve 226 formed with a piston-like flange 228.
- Flange 228 is secured to an annular flexible diaphragm 230 that defines a vacuum chamber 232 with the remaining portion of the interior of housing 214.
- the chamber is connected by an inlet 234 to line 117 connected to the vacuum regulator unit 60.
- a spring 236 normally biases the piston downwardly as seen in Figure 2 to the initial position shown.
- cam 108 translational or axial movement of cam 108 by servo 116 will cause a radial movement of roller 104 to vary the force of tension spring 98 acting on the vacuum regulator unit 62 to thereby vary the vacuum flow to EGR servo 44 and thereby vary EGR flow into the engine. It will also be clear that rotation of cam 108 to any particular angular position will also cause a radial movement of roller 104 inwardly or outwardl depending upon the contour of the cam to vary the EGR flo by again varying the vacuum force to the EGR servo 44.
- valve 58 is a on-off temperature responsive valve used to terminat vacuum flow to regulate 60 during cold engine operation Below a predetermined temperature, valve 58 will be close so that no vacuum will flow to EGR servo 44 or to th injection timing servos 138, 140, 142 or 144. Accordingly no EGR will flow, and the injection timing will b retarded, for a cold start and run condition.
- the injectio timing will be changed from the high speed heavy load, retarded initial position against stop 238 to slightly advanced idle speed position indicated in Figur 2(c).
- the closing of the idle spee microswitch 204 by lever 118 also completes the electrica circuit to the idle speed EGR vacuum regulator 120 and th three-way solenoid controlled valve 122, thereby providin a predetermined vacuum level force to the EGR servo 44.
- This will set the EGR valve 42 at the desired angle fo idle speed operation.
- cam 108 will rotate to change the tension on the vacuum regulator unit spring 98 to thereby vary the level of vacuum output from this unit to EGR servo 44.
- the cam also will be moved axially to correctly position the
- EGR valve as a function of speed changes.
- the solenoid operated valves and switches 140, 142 and 144, and 190 and 192 will be selectively actuated or rendered inactive, " as the case
- ⁇ may be, to simultaneously adjust the injection timing to correspond to the changes in the EGR flow as ' determined by the position of cam 108.
- the invention provides a simplified mechanical-vacuum system for controlling the emission output of a diesel engine by simultaneously controlling EGR flow and modulat ⁇ ing the fuel pump injection timing.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- High-Pressure Fuel Injection Pump Control (AREA)
Abstract
Un système mécanique à vide permet de contrôler les émissions d'un moteur diesel en contrôlant les niveaux de recirculation des gaz d'échappement (EGR) et en modulant la synchronisation de la pompe d'injection de carburant pour coordonner les deux. Le système comprend une came tridimensionnelle (108) sensible aux changements de la vitesse et de la charge du moteur ainsi que de l'apport en carburant pour faire varier la position angulaire de la soupape EGR (42) et moduler simultanément la synchronisation de l'injection.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1983/000028 WO1984002746A1 (fr) | 1983-01-10 | 1983-01-10 | Systeme de commande des emissions d'un moteur diesel |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0145706A1 true EP0145706A1 (fr) | 1985-06-26 |
Family
ID=22174800
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP83900679A Withdrawn EP0145706A1 (fr) | 1983-01-10 | 1983-01-10 | Systeme de commande des emissions d'un moteur diesel |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0145706A1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPS60500300A (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1984002746A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH08231969A (ja) * | 1995-02-21 | 1996-09-10 | Ube Ind Ltd | ディーゼルエンジンの燃焼方法 |
| US7047953B2 (en) * | 2003-03-17 | 2006-05-23 | International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc | Method and apparatus for determining a valve operator position |
| US6985808B1 (en) | 2004-09-13 | 2006-01-10 | International Engine Intellectual Property Company, Llc | Transient compensation of EGR and boost in an engine using accelerator pedal rate data |
Family Cites Families (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR818778A (fr) * | 1936-03-10 | 1937-10-04 | Saurer Adolph | Dispositif de réglage pour l'instant de l'injection dans les moteurs à combustion |
| US2270410A (en) * | 1938-06-01 | 1942-01-20 | Atlas Diesel Ab | Means for automatically controlling the fuel injecting mechanism of internal combustion engines |
| US3401679A (en) * | 1966-07-21 | 1968-09-17 | Caterpillar Tractor Co | Engine fuel injection timing device |
| JPS5339528B1 (fr) * | 1971-03-06 | 1978-10-21 | ||
| US4060061A (en) * | 1975-09-19 | 1977-11-29 | Might Willard C | Process and apparatus for improved I.C. engine composition |
| DE2658052A1 (de) * | 1976-12-22 | 1978-07-06 | Bosch Gmbh Robert | Einrichtung zur lastabhaengigen betaetigung eines stellorgans |
| US4240395A (en) * | 1978-08-29 | 1980-12-23 | Ford Motor Company | Air/fuel ratio controller |
| US4248193A (en) * | 1978-09-01 | 1981-02-03 | Ford Motor Company | Fuel injection fuel control system |
| JPS5575548A (en) * | 1978-11-30 | 1980-06-06 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Fuel supply controller for internal combustion engine |
| US4320733A (en) * | 1979-08-04 | 1982-03-23 | Lucas Industries Limited | Fuel pumping apparatus |
| JPS5629050A (en) * | 1979-08-15 | 1981-03-23 | Toyota Motor Corp | Controller for recirculation of exhaust gas for internal combustion engine |
-
1983
- 1983-01-10 JP JP58500711A patent/JPS60500300A/ja active Pending
- 1983-01-10 WO PCT/US1983/000028 patent/WO1984002746A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1983-01-10 EP EP83900679A patent/EP0145706A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO8402746A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1984002746A1 (fr) | 1984-07-19 |
| JPS60500300A (ja) | 1985-03-07 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE GB |
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| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 19841211 |
|
| RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: WADE, WALLACE, ROBERT |