EP0148252A1 - Zusammensetzungen und vorrichtungen für hochtemperaturverbrennung - Google Patents

Zusammensetzungen und vorrichtungen für hochtemperaturverbrennung

Info

Publication number
EP0148252A1
EP0148252A1 EP84902687A EP84902687A EP0148252A1 EP 0148252 A1 EP0148252 A1 EP 0148252A1 EP 84902687 A EP84902687 A EP 84902687A EP 84902687 A EP84902687 A EP 84902687A EP 0148252 A1 EP0148252 A1 EP 0148252A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thermite
aluminium
composition according
ptfe
resin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84902687A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ronald John Hancox
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Australian Government
Original Assignee
Australian Government
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Australian Government filed Critical Australian Government
Publication of EP0148252A1 publication Critical patent/EP0148252A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B33/00—Compositions containing particulate metal, alloy, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium with at least one oxygen supplying material which is either a metal oxide or a salt, organic or inorganic, capable of yielding a metal oxide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B27/00—Compositions containing a metal, boron, silicon, selenium or tellurium or mixtures, intercompounds or hydrides thereof, and hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B45/00—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product
    • C06B45/04—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive
    • C06B45/06—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component
    • C06B45/10—Compositions or products which are defined by structure or arrangement of component of product comprising solid particles dispersed in solid solution or matrix not used for explosives where the matrix consists essentially of nitrated carbohydrates or a low molecular organic explosive the solid solution or matrix containing an organic component the organic component containing a resin

Definitions

  • This invention relates to compositions capable of combustion at very high temperatures, and incendiary devices employing those compositions.
  • the aluminothermic or thermite reaction between aluminium powder and iron oxide as first described by Goldschmidt in German Patent 96,317 (1895) produces large quantities of heat at high temperatures and has been widely used in industry, for example in welding and in the production of pure carbon-free metals such as manganese and chromium.
  • the thermite reaction may be represented as
  • Thermite compositions typically contain a fuel and an oxidant.
  • the criteria to be applied in selecting components for a thermite-type composition may be summarized as follows.
  • the selection of the most suitable fuels for use in thermites is based on maximum energy output and can best be achieved with the use of materials of high calorific values.
  • fuels used in thermites should possess the following properties.
  • Oxidants used in thermites ideally should have the following characteristics. 1. Minimal heat of formation.
  • the most suitable combustible for thermites having regard to the energy output, combustion temperature and the realtively low fusion temperature of the oxide, is aluminium, but thermites based on aluminium as the sole fuel are difficult to ignite. Normally a magnesium-based thermite is used to ignite the aluminothermic reaction. It has been found experimentally that the magnesium content of the fuel should be at least 30% to consistently ignite the mixture. As oxidants, oxides of metal having an intermediate atomic weight (approximately 40 to 80) appear to be the most suitable for use in thermites.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • TEFLON polytetrafluoroethylene
  • PTFE is a non-hygroscopic solid with a fluorine (oxidant) content of 76%. In effect it "sensitizes'' the thermite by its ability to react vigorously (even violently) with both magnesium and aluminium and this also improves the ease with which the thermite can be ignited.
  • the present invention provides a thermite-type composition comprising polytetrafluoroethylene. Further, by choice of suitable binders, we have found that a pliable thermite may be produced, i.e. a composition able to be shaped into any form.
  • the present invention in a further aspect provides a pliable thermite containing a polymeric resin as a binder.
  • Table 1 gives the critical surface tension values of resins we investigated as binders in developing the present invention.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention accordingly provides a pliable thermite composition containing PTFE and employing a silicone resin as binder, more preferably a dimethylpolysiloxane resin.
  • the use of a thermite-type composition offered the following advantages:- 1.
  • the combustion temperature lies in the range (2000-3000°C) which is more than twice the temperature (700-900°C) generated by liquid incendiary devices.
  • 2. The almost complete absence of gaseous reaction products, resulting in flameless combustion, and
  • thermoites are composed of fuels, oxidants and additives, the ratio depending on the specific purpose of the device.
  • the reactivity of the mixture depends largely on the chemical nature of the individual components and on their particle size.
  • Iron Oxide 12 to 16 preferably about 14
  • the total fuels constitute about 40% of the composition.
  • This formulation is fuel-rich because of the difficulty of incorporating the stoichiometric amount of iron oxide.
  • the stoichiometric fueloxidant ratio is approximately 40% fuel and 60% oxidant, i.e. the mixture should contain a significantly higher content of iron oxide and/or teflon; but thermitic formulations containing high contents of iron oxide dispersed in a silicone resin tend to have poor cohesive properties.
  • the material developed is plastic and can be shaped into any form by hand. When exposed to the hot sun or to severe environmental testing (ISAT B) conditions some tackiness was observed due to 'sweating' of the resin.
  • ISAT B severe environmental testing
  • the dispersing medium in this.material is water- repellant. Immersion of the thermite in water for up to 72 hours does not affect its ignition or combustion performance. It can be ignited under water and will sustain combustion under water.
  • the thermite was successfully ignited when submerged under thirty centimetres of oil using either an electrically triggered igniter or safety fuse known as plastic igniter cord
  • plastic thermite itself is that it generates enough heat to penetrate aluminium or aluminium alloy plate. For example, a 50 gm cube of plastic thermite will penetrate aluminium
  • the invention accordingly includes a device containing an appropriate quantity of a thermite-type composition as described hereinabove, a quantity of bouyancy material sufficient to cause the canister to float on oil, an igniter, and apertures adapted in use to release molten liquid products of the thermite reaction into the said oil.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
EP84902687A 1983-07-08 1984-07-05 Zusammensetzungen und vorrichtungen für hochtemperaturverbrennung Withdrawn EP0148252A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU203/83 1983-07-08
AUPG020383 1983-07-08

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0148252A1 true EP0148252A1 (de) 1985-07-17

Family

ID=3770225

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84902687A Withdrawn EP0148252A1 (de) 1983-07-08 1984-07-05 Zusammensetzungen und vorrichtungen für hochtemperaturverbrennung

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0148252A1 (de)
IT (1) IT1174576B (de)
WO (1) WO1985000364A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8610739D0 (en) * 1986-05-01 1986-06-04 Foseco Int Exothermic compositions
GB2310427B (en) * 1996-02-22 2000-06-28 John Douglas Michael Wraige Energetic compositions
RU2281960C1 (ru) * 2005-03-21 2006-08-20 Институт неметаллических материалов СО РАН Антифрикционная полимерная композиция
US10017429B2 (en) 2013-10-10 2018-07-10 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Methods of reducing ignition sensitivity of energetic materials
US9481614B2 (en) * 2013-10-10 2016-11-01 Battelle Energy Alliance, Llc Energetic materials and methods of tailoring electrostatic discharge sensitivity of energetic materials
US9610468B2 (en) * 2014-02-12 2017-04-04 General Sciences, Incorporated Destruction of chemical agents by a wicking compound and high temperature incendiary
CN113563142A (zh) * 2021-08-20 2021-10-29 北京理工大学 高分子富氟氧化剂基铝热型高爆热工业炸药及其制备方法
GB2612622A (en) * 2021-11-05 2023-05-10 Bisn Tec Ltd A chemical reaction heat source composition for use in downhole operations and associated apparatus and methods

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3634283A (en) * 1968-11-05 1972-01-11 Us Navy Smoke generating compositions and methods of use
US3745077A (en) * 1972-03-15 1973-07-10 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Thermit composition and method of making
CA1049783A (en) * 1974-07-11 1979-03-06 Fred Schroeder Incendiary composition
JPS52106323A (en) * 1976-03-04 1977-09-06 Fuoseko Japan Rimitetsudo Yuug Mold repairing
JPS52156722A (en) * 1976-06-23 1977-12-27 Fuoseko Japan Rimitetsudo Yuug Mold repairing process

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8500364A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1985000364A1 (en) 1985-01-31
IT8421789A1 (it) 1986-01-06
IT1174576B (it) 1987-07-01
IT8421789A0 (it) 1984-07-06

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Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): CH DE FR GB LI NL SE

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19850611

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: HANCOX, RONALD, JOHN