EP0149876A1 - Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Wiedergewinnung von Giessereisand - Google Patents

Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Wiedergewinnung von Giessereisand Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0149876A1
EP0149876A1 EP84300369A EP84300369A EP0149876A1 EP 0149876 A1 EP0149876 A1 EP 0149876A1 EP 84300369 A EP84300369 A EP 84300369A EP 84300369 A EP84300369 A EP 84300369A EP 0149876 A1 EP0149876 A1 EP 0149876A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
sand
nozzle
internal diameter
particles
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84300369A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
James Clinton Furness, Jr.
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wheelabrator Frye Inc
Original Assignee
Wheelabrator Frye Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wheelabrator Frye Inc filed Critical Wheelabrator Frye Inc
Priority to EP84300369A priority Critical patent/EP0149876A1/de
Publication of EP0149876A1 publication Critical patent/EP0149876A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
    • B22C5/18—Plants for preparing mould materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C5/00—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose
    • B22C5/08—Machines or devices specially designed for dressing or handling the mould material so far as specially adapted for that purpose by sprinkling, cooling, or drying

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for the reclamation of casting sand.
  • mold parts made up of sand particles bonded together by a binder, such as a phenolic urethane resin.
  • mold parts made up of sand particles bonded together by a binder, such as a phenolic urethane resin.
  • Casting sand is of a special make up, and thus to the extent that it cannot be reclaimed, two expenses are involved, one, in obtaining replacement sand, and two, disposing of the resin bonded chunks.
  • a prior sand reclaiming machine operates on a multiple-cell - multiple-pass principle in which, in each cell, sand is blown by low pressure air, around 0.211 kg/cm 2 (3 pounds per square inch), against a target, in sandblast fashion, attempting to knock off the binder coating from the grains.
  • a typical cell of such a machine has a blower tube of approximately 5.08 cm (two inches) in diameter blowing sand through a 10.16 cm (four inch) pipe onto a target.
  • the effect of blowing the sand through a single cell is not at all effective in cleansing the sand grains, so that a series of cells are provided, in some instances up to eight, in which sand from a first cell is conducted to the second cell, and then through the remaining cells in serial fashion. Even this is not enough, so that the sand must be rerouted through the series of cells in multiple-pass fashion. While the machine works to an extent, it is expensive and slow acting, and the sand recovery is sometimes considered unsatisfactory.
  • the binder coating can be effectively removed from sand in a one pass system having a single cell and utilizing what would be considered high pressure, in the range of 3.51 - 4.22 kg/cm 2 (50 - 60 pounds per square inch).
  • a nozzle is used and is so spaced from the nozzle a relatively long tube that the sand, because of the coriolis effect, or otherwise, tends to swirl within the tube setting up such a repetitive collision environment that when the operation is over the single pass through the single cell removes the coating as effectively or better than the sand produced by the multiple-pass multiple-cell prior machine.
  • a main object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for effectively reclaiming casting resin coated sand in a single pass.
  • a more specific object of the invention is to provide such a method and apparatus wherein a reclamation tube is so dimensioned relative to an associated air jet nozzle, all relative to the pressure of the air passing through the nozzle as to effect multiple collisions of the coated particles of a magnitude so much higher than the units of the serial system as to effectively remove the resin coating from a substantial portion of the sand particles.
  • the apparatus shown can be considered as having two major functions, one of breaking up mold chunks into resin coated sand particles or small agglomerates, and a second of knocking off the resin coating from the sand particles. It is to the second function that the present invention is primarily directed.
  • the apparatus shown has a base 11 supporting a box assembly by springs 15, four, two to a side, preferably being used.
  • the box assembly includes a box generally entitled 17 which is rectangular in horizontal section and is defined by a first pair of opposed plate-like walls 21 and 23 (Fig. 2), and a second pair, 25 and 27.
  • walls 21 and 23 will be designated the front and rear walls, respectively, while walls 25 and 27 will be considered as the side walls.
  • the above walls define an open topped box to receive resin bonded chunks to be broken up, such chunks being fed into the box in any suitable manner, such as by a belt conveyor (not shown).
  • Walls 25 and 27 have brackets 29 and 31 resting on springs 15.
  • the box is closed at its lower portion by a floor 33 (Fig. 2) which is inclined from the front wall 21 downwardly toward the rear wall 23, for a purpose presently to be described.
  • each of the interior faces of the side walls has a protective plate 41 of abrasion resistant material secured thereto. Similar plates may be provided on the interior faces of the front and rear walls (but they are not so shown).
  • a heavy grid generally entitled 51 made up of a series of equally spaced longitudinally extending plates 53, and a series of equally spaced transversely extending plates 55, the plates being secured together such as by welding.
  • the plates 55 are taller than the plates 53, as is evident by comparing Figs. 1 and 2.
  • the lower edges of the plates are coplanar so that the plates 55 have portions projecting upwardly beyond the top edges of the plate 53. This construction gives more effective breaking up of the resin bonded chunks than would otherwise be the case.
  • Each eccentric pair of weights is driven by its own hydraulic motor 71 (Fig. 1) which is supplied with hydraulic fluid under pressure by a suitable pump (not shown) through hoses (not shown).
  • a suitable pump not shown
  • hoses not shown
  • the motors are driven at substantially the same speed but the phase relationship may change.
  • Rotation of the eccentric weights effects vibration and shaking of the box 17 to break up the resin bonded chunks to provide individual resin coated particles and also agglomerates, i.e., smaller sized resin bonded sand clusters.
  • the sand particles and those agglomerates small enough to pass through the openings in the grid fall down onto the floor 33 where the material is subject to continued vibration and shaking to further break up the agglomerates.
  • the sand particles tend to stratify at a lower level next to the floor 33 beneath the agglomerates and clusters.
  • the eccentrics are so oriented as to cause material on the floor 33 to advance uphill to the left and crawl up the inclined floor piece 33 and exit through the slots in a grate 81 provided in the front wall 21.
  • the grate will reject those clusters or agglomerates and foreign objects (metal chunks, wood particles, etc. that are found when breaking up resin bonded chunks) which are of a size larger than the grate slots. These rejected objects will continue to be shaken and vibrated and have a continuing breaking up action on the sand clusters and agglomerates to produce additional individual resin coated sand grains. These will join the other sand grains on the floor and eventually pass through the grate 81. Clean out doors (not shown) are provided in the side walls to enable periodic removal of foreign objects, and agglomerates that prove unbreakable.
  • the particles falling through the upper screen will fall onto a lower screen 93, which by way of example and not by way of limitation, could be a 20 mesh screen. This means that substantially all the material falling through the lower screen 93 will be resin coated sand particles.
  • the screens are supported by an outboard wall 95 and the front wall 21, the wall 95 having a floor 96 inclined downwardly so that material falling on the floor will gravitate into a small pocket near an air blast nozzle 97.
  • the nozzle is carried by an air pressure pipe 99 which leads to a source of air under pressure.
  • the sand passing through the tube 101 will, as it leaves, be deflected by deflector means in the form of deflector plates 105, 107 and 109 (about which more will be presently said). It is evident from Fig. 3 that the deflector means provides non-reentrant serially arranged deflector surfaces, each of which has a forward component of deflection.
  • the arrangement for supporting the tube 101 further includes a pair of plastic sleeves 111, which secure the tube 101 in place in abutting relationship to the ends of the tubular portions of the fittings 103 by means of hose clamps 113, as shown.
  • the tube 101 preferably has a metal (preferably steel) exterior shell 101a, which is filled with a wear plastic, such as urethane, which may be poured into the shell as a casting.
  • a wear plastic such as urethane
  • the sleeves 111 are also made of a wear plastic, such as urethane.
  • the walls 21 and 23 have openings in them aligned with the scrubbing passageway P provided by the fittings 103 and the tube 101, the opening for wall 21 being designated in Fig. 3 by the reference numeral 21a.
  • the urethane filler 101b also wears quite well, so that the tube 101 lasts a reasonable amount of time.
  • the sleeves 111 are removed and a replacement tube moved into place, and the sleeves 111 replaced.
  • the tube 101 it is possible for the tube 101 to be worn through, particularly near the forward end thereof. Even so, the associated wear plastic sleeve 111 would function as a substitute wall, until the tube was replaced.
  • the pressure of the air, the spacing of the nozzle 97 from the front end of the reclamation tube 101 and the size of the tube and its length are so chosen that the resin coated sand grains rather than merely passing through the tube undergo multiple collisions with the walls of the tube, ricocheting back and forth in contact with the walls and with one another in a multi-collision process to effectively knock off the resin particles by the time that the grains exit from the rear end of the reclamaticn tube.
  • the resin particles are either free of the sand grains or lightly attached to the san: grains when they exit the tube 101. I have found taat such lightly attached resin particles can be flicked off the sand grains, if the sand/air mixture issuing from the cleansing passageway engages a deflector plate, such as deflector plate 105. Additional deflector plates 107 and 109 are provided because the sand deflected from plate 105 will engage the lower face of the deflector plate 107 as the parts are shown in Fig. 3, and then the lower face of the deflector plate 109, so that the material being treated goes into a swirling action, tending to better separate the plastic flakes from the sand grains.
  • the plate 105 does not function as a sandblasting target, as does the target plate in the previously described multiple-pass - multiple-cell unit because the blasting of coated sand particles against a target is not an effective way of separating the coating from the sand grains. If the binder coating is not substantially effectively loosened from the grains by the time that they issue from the cleansing passageway, the contact of the sand with the deflector plates 105, 107, 109 is certainly not going to perform that function.
  • the deflector plates 105, 107 and 109 can be mounted in any particular fashion, such as, for instance, in guideways or wall slots.
  • the outlet 119 and the screen 117 are mounted on a housing 121 secured to the rear wall 23.
  • a somewhat similar housing 131 is provided on the front wall 21 and is equipped with a duct outlet 133 leading to a blower creating a negative pressure to pull out any resin dust created within the housing 131.
  • the negative pressure is not sufficient to remove the sand grains, or at least only a very limited number of such grains.
  • the screens 117 are mounted in a compartment 123 of the housing 121.
  • the reclaimed sand grains in the lower portion of the compartment 123 are withdrawn through a discharge outlet 125 connected to a withdraw blower so that the sand does not accumulate within the compartment 123.
  • the agglomerates not passing through the screen 91 drop over the upper edge of the wall 95 onto an inclined floor 161 (Figs. 1 and 2) and gravitate along the floor and are discharged into a bin (not shown). This material may be reintroduced into the box 17 or discarded, as desired.
  • Fig. 3 shows the parts of the reclamation tube assembly in proprotions more nearly those which have proven effective in equipment produced under my direction.
  • a nozzle of substantially 6.35 rrm (1 ⁇ 4 inch) As an example of what has proved effective, in one unit I utilize a nozzle of substantially 6.35 rrm (1 ⁇ 4 inch), although I have found that a nozzle size of between 3.81 and 7 mm (0.150 and 0.275 inches) will provide acceptable results.
  • the air supplied to the nozzles 97 is under a pressure of between 3.51 and 4.22 kg/cm2 (50 and 60 pounds per square inch) i.e. at such a pressure as to be considered as a high pressure, as compared to the low 0.211 kg/cm 2 (3 pounds per square inch), pressure utilized in the multiple-cell - multiple-pass prior machine.
  • the nozzle was located about 7.62 cm (three inches) from the inlet end 113 of the reclamation tube, although it has been found that a spacing of between 5.08 and 7.62 cm (2 and 3 inches) will produce acceptable results.
  • the reclamation tube had an internal diameter of 3.81 cm (1.5 inches) and was 152.4 cm (five feet) long.
  • the spacing between the output end of the reclamation tube and the deflector plate 105 was about 10.16 cm (four inches). It is believed that unless the sand particles reach the deflector plate 105 within about 0.01 seconds after leaving the tube, the resin flakes will re-attach themselves by electorstatic action to the sand grains.
  • the present system contemplates the use of high pressure air, and contemplates a system in which the resin coatings are not knocked off the sand grains by impacting on a target in a multiple-cell - multiple-pass arrangement, but to the contrary because of collisions with themselves and with the interior of the tube 101 as the grains whirl along said tube.
  • a true nozzle is required for the air and not simply a large interior diameter air tube, such as is used in one of the cells of the prior machine. In fact if the nozzle size is increased to 12.7 rrm (i inch) it will simply not produce the desired results.
  • the apparatus of the present invention is effective in removing dust frommined sand at as low as 1.4 kg/cm 2 (20 pounds per square inch) reducing the need to wash and dry in both foundry and glass manufacturing applications.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
EP84300369A 1984-01-20 1984-01-20 Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Wiedergewinnung von Giessereisand Withdrawn EP0149876A1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP84300369A EP0149876A1 (de) 1984-01-20 1984-01-20 Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Wiedergewinnung von Giessereisand

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP84300369A EP0149876A1 (de) 1984-01-20 1984-01-20 Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Wiedergewinnung von Giessereisand

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0149876A1 true EP0149876A1 (de) 1985-07-31

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EP84300369A Withdrawn EP0149876A1 (de) 1984-01-20 1984-01-20 Verfahren und Einrichtung zur Wiedergewinnung von Giessereisand

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5291935A (en) * 1991-04-10 1994-03-08 Kgt Giessereitechnik Gmbh Process for the mechanical cleaning of foundry used sand
EP0483933A3 (en) * 1990-11-02 1994-08-17 Kuettner Gmbh & Co Kg Dr Process and apparatus for refining bulk material
CN108607950A (zh) * 2018-05-05 2018-10-02 侯马市富达造型材料有限公司 一种铸造铸钢件用的覆膜砂及其制备方法
CN113976818A (zh) * 2021-11-02 2022-01-28 含山县天宇机械铸造厂 一种机械铸造用型砂分散筛分装置
CN117920942A (zh) * 2024-03-21 2024-04-26 潍坊精远模具有限公司 一种无箱造型3d砂型打印机构

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2406834B2 (de) * 1973-02-14 1975-05-22 Simpson Maschinen Ag, Zug (Schweiz) Reinigungsanlage für Prallreinigung von verunreinigten Granulaten
CH575262A5 (en) * 1974-09-12 1976-05-14 Escher Wyss Ag Reclaiming foundry moulding sand - using chamber contg. fluidised bed, pneumatic accelerator, and impact wall
CH590700A5 (de) * 1974-05-02 1977-08-15 Simpson Ag Maschinen
DE2921197A1 (de) * 1979-05-25 1980-12-04 Hermann J Linder Verfahren und vorrichtung zum regenerieren von giessereisand

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2406834B2 (de) * 1973-02-14 1975-05-22 Simpson Maschinen Ag, Zug (Schweiz) Reinigungsanlage für Prallreinigung von verunreinigten Granulaten
CH590700A5 (de) * 1974-05-02 1977-08-15 Simpson Ag Maschinen
CH575262A5 (en) * 1974-09-12 1976-05-14 Escher Wyss Ag Reclaiming foundry moulding sand - using chamber contg. fluidised bed, pneumatic accelerator, and impact wall
DE2921197A1 (de) * 1979-05-25 1980-12-04 Hermann J Linder Verfahren und vorrichtung zum regenerieren von giessereisand

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0483933A3 (en) * 1990-11-02 1994-08-17 Kuettner Gmbh & Co Kg Dr Process and apparatus for refining bulk material
US5291935A (en) * 1991-04-10 1994-03-08 Kgt Giessereitechnik Gmbh Process for the mechanical cleaning of foundry used sand
CN108607950A (zh) * 2018-05-05 2018-10-02 侯马市富达造型材料有限公司 一种铸造铸钢件用的覆膜砂及其制备方法
CN113976818A (zh) * 2021-11-02 2022-01-28 含山县天宇机械铸造厂 一种机械铸造用型砂分散筛分装置
CN117920942A (zh) * 2024-03-21 2024-04-26 潍坊精远模具有限公司 一种无箱造型3d砂型打印机构

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Inventor name: FURNESS, JAMES CLINTON, JR.