EP0152926A2 - Haut-parleur électrodynamique à rayonnement omni-directionnel - Google Patents

Haut-parleur électrodynamique à rayonnement omni-directionnel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0152926A2
EP0152926A2 EP85101658A EP85101658A EP0152926A2 EP 0152926 A2 EP0152926 A2 EP 0152926A2 EP 85101658 A EP85101658 A EP 85101658A EP 85101658 A EP85101658 A EP 85101658A EP 0152926 A2 EP0152926 A2 EP 0152926A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
housing
diameter
loudspeaker
loudspeaker according
membranes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85101658A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0152926A3 (en
EP0152926B1 (fr
Inventor
Rainer J. Haas
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT85101658T priority Critical patent/ATE35361T1/de
Publication of EP0152926A2 publication Critical patent/EP0152926A2/fr
Publication of EP0152926A3 publication Critical patent/EP0152926A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0152926B1 publication Critical patent/EP0152926B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R9/00—Transducers of moving-coil, moving-strip, or moving-wire type
    • H04R9/06—Loudspeakers
    • H04R9/063—Loudspeakers using a plurality of acoustic drivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; ELECTRIC HEARING AIDS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/40—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers
    • H04R1/403—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by combining a number of identical transducers loud-speakers

Definitions

  • the drive units of each individual loudspeaker are located within hemispherical membranes, the voice coils have a fifth of the diameter of the outer edge of the membranes. They are therefore only connected to their respective membrane in the apex area. This leads to uneven vibrational states, the membranes deform, in any case do not vibrate as a rigid whole, as desired. In addition, there is the influence of an additional bead, which the membrane on a circle with about half the diameter of its outer edge Associated magnets of the drive unit connects.
  • the well-known electrodynamic loudspeaker does not allow for optimal all-round radiation, since its housing continues in the form of a ring.
  • the drive units are connected to each other so that the two membranes always make the same movements.
  • the individual speakers cannot emit different sound events.
  • an electrodynamic loudspeaker is known from EP-A 82 710 017, which corresponds in structure to the loudspeaker of the type mentioned at the outset, however from is finally intended for low frequencies.
  • the ratio of voice coil diameter to diameter of the outer edge of the hemispherical membrane is approximately one to nine.
  • hemispherical transmission parts are interposed between the voice coil and the membrane, so that the membrane is rigidly connected to the voice coil, but this connection is not made directly, but via an intermediate transmission part.
  • the diameter of the voice coil practically corresponds to the diameter of the outer edge of the membrane. This results in an effective drive, membrane resonances are largely suppressed, the membrane vibrates largely as a rigid body even at high sound frequencies.
  • these dome speakers do not have all-round sound radiation.
  • the diameter of the voice coils is not substantially smaller than the diameter of the outer edge of the membranes, that the housing is annular, is limited by a spherical zone, the diameter of which is preferably less than twice of the diameter of the outer edge of the membranes and at least one (tweeter), a maximum of two (midrange) opposing pins located on the mirror plane, which can be connected to a carrying device.
  • This electrodynamic loudspeaker is composed of two dome-shaped loudspeakers arranged back to back, which are held together by the ring-shaped housing.
  • the decisive factor here is the shape of the annular housing, which largely avoids a drop in the sound pressure transverse to the direction of movement of the two membranes, so that an almost perfect all-round sound radiation is achieved.
  • the diameter of the voice coil is specified as not significantly smaller than the diameter of the outer edge of the membrane, deviations of about twenty percent are permissible; in any case, the diameter of the voice coil should not be less than half the diameter of the outer edge of the membrane. Virtually the same diameter is preferred for the voice coil and the outer edge of the membrane.
  • the diaphragm areas of the loudspeaker according to the invention are relatively small in relation to the entire surface of the loudspeaker, that is to say the sum of diaphragm areas and housing surfaces.
  • all-round radiating loudspeakers were always designed in such a way that their outer surface was determined almost exclusively, at least predominantly by the hemispherical membranes. It has now surprisingly turned out that this path, which was previously regarded as correct, does not lead to optimal results, but that much better results are achieved by the loudspeaker according to the invention, although the actually radiating surfaces are relatively small in relation to the entire surface of the loudspeaker.
  • the housing should be as small as possible. On the one hand, it has the task of fixing the permanent magnets of the two drive units as space-saving as possible, and furthermore the bead is connected to the housing and connects the housing to the outer edge of the membrane in an elastically flexible manner. Essentially, only one protrudes from the housing or two pins protrude away from each other, via which the loudspeaker is attached. As a result, the all-round sound radiation is influenced as little as possible.
  • a pin is used in a tweeter to be able to fix it to a supporting part or above a mid-range speaker.
  • the mid-range speaker usually has two pins, an upper one for attaching the tweeter and a lower one for attaching to a supporting part, which, however, does not preclude hanging attachment.
  • the housing is preferably composed of two matching housing halves joined in the mirror plane, each of which has a receiving channel for a permanent magnet, which is delimited towards the outside by an inwardly projecting retaining edge which retains the magnet.
  • the pins are hollow, they are used to feed the leads of the individual speakers. As a result, these feed lines are mechanically protected; on the other hand, a plug connection in the area of the pins, which in addition to the mechanical fastening and also the electrical connection, is possible. Bayonet connections have proven to be particularly suitable because they also force the individual speakers to be aligned.
  • the housing is initially delimited by a circular ring which lies in the plane of the bead and is as narrow as possible. It merges into a rounded edge in the spherical zone, which is symmetrical to the mirror plane. As a result, the most uniform possible drop in sound pressure is achieved.
  • the housing preferably has a cover ring which forms at least a partial area of the outer surface of the housing and enables the fastening openings to cover optically.
  • the cover ring enables the membrane to be covered with ventilation channels, as is known from German utility model 81 04 570 and has proven itself in order to avoid false radiation through the bead.
  • the feed lines of each voice coil are led out separately. This makes it possible to give different sound events to the two individual speakers of the electrodynamic speaker.
  • the two individual loudspeakers can be operated in phase opposition by the same electrical signal, so that their membranes either approach one another or move away from one another, that is to say they emit spherical radiation.
  • a lower, on average larger, mid-range loudspeaker and a tweeter loudspeaker with a smaller diameter are arranged one above the other, the two loudspeakers being aligned such that their membranes move in parallel directions.
  • FIG. 1 the structure of a tweeter is shown. It is composed of two identical speakers, which are arranged on both sides of a mirror plane 20 and each have an electrodynamic drive unit.
  • the two drive units are arranged coaxially and in opposite directions. They each have a permanent magnet 22 with an annular gap; magnets of the highest field strengths and smallest space requirements are used.
  • the voice coil 24 is directly and rigidly connected at its front end to a dome-shaped membrane 26, the outer edge of which has the same diameter as the voice coil 24. If necessary, a felt cap (not shown) can be located on the inside of the membrane 26.
  • the outer edge of the membrane 26 is elastically resiliently connected via a bead 28 to a housing which is constructed in two parts and is each composed of an inner housing part 30 and a cover ring 32.
  • a housing which is constructed in two parts and is each composed of an inner housing part 30 and a cover ring 32.
  • cover rings 32 on both sides of the mirror plane 20 and largely identical inner housing parts 30, apart from different fitting projections 34 or recesses.
  • FIG. 1 shows, the housing, which is made up of two inner housing parts 30 and two cover rings 32, is delimited by a spherical zone 36, the diameter of which in the exemplary embodiment shown corresponds to twice the outer edge diameter of the membranes 26.
  • the width of this spherical zone 36 largely corresponds to the spacing of the beads
  • the spherical zone 36 merges into a circular ring surface 40 via a rounded portion 38.
  • the cover ring 32 projects beyond the bead in order to hinder its sound radiation .
  • a half pin projects in each case, which comes together with the other inner housing part 30 to form an internally hollow pin 44.
  • the pin 44 lies on the mirror plane 20 and at right angles to the direction of movement 46 of the two membranes 26. It is provided with a bayonet projection 45 and carries an electrical connector (not shown).
  • the speaker is protected from the outside against mechanical damage by two hemispherical wire meshes 48, 50. These are detachably connected to one another in an equatorial plane 52, in which the direction of movement 46 lies and which is perpendicular to the mirror plane 20.
  • the lower wire net 48 is fastened to the pin 44 and in turn holds the upper wire net 50.
  • the two inner housing parts 30 of a loudspeaker are pulled against one another by suitable clamping means, for example screws. As a result, they press the two permanent magnets 22 against one another with their front, inwardly projecting holding edges 54, an elastic part, for example a foam ring 56, which presses the magnets 22 into contact with the holding edges 54 is located between the permanent magnets 22 .
  • the housing parts 30, 32 are preferably made of plastic, other materials are not excluded.
  • FIG. 1 An inner housing part 30 is shown in FIG.
  • the holding edge 54 has interruptions in order to be able to observe the exact positioning of the magnets 22.
  • four equally spaced bores 58 are provided in order to be able to pull the two inner housing parts 30 of a loudspeaker against one another by means of screws.
  • the cover ring 32 is fastened to the inner housing part 30 by means of screws which are screwed into two threaded bores 60.
  • the mid-range speaker is basically constructed in the same way as the tweeter described. However, its housing has a second pin 62, which is also located in the mirror plane 20 and diametrically opposite the first pin 44 and coaxially. It serves to receive the pin 44 of the tweeter and at the same time accommodates electrical connection devices. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the bayonet projections 45 point in the same direction, which ensures that the direction of radiation of a mid-range speaker combined with a tweeter also runs parallel to the direction of movement 46.
  • the inner housing part 30 according to Figure 3 has an annular recess 64 through which it is achieved that an edge 66 resiliently abuts the respective fitted permanent magnets 22 circumferentially.
  • FIG. 4 shows the two pins 44, 62 of an inner housing part 30 for a mid-range speaker.
  • the attachment of two inner housing parts 30 is different compared to Figure 2.
  • the inner housing parts 30 of the mid-range speaker are designed so that there is space for the implementation of the four connecting lines of the tweeter.
  • the recess 64 can be used on the one hand.
  • the two pins 44, 62 can also be connected by a tube that increases the mechanical stability and accommodates the leads of the tweeter in its interior.
  • the two voice coils 24 of the mid-range loudspeaker can also be connected separately to different electrical signals.
  • hemispherical-shaped wire nets 48, 50 in another embodiment, two hemispherical-shaped protective grids are joined together in the mirror plane 20. They are held by a retaining ring, which is an integral part of the inner housing parts 30. It has a larger diameter than the spherical zone 36 and is connected to the actual inner housing part 30 via a few narrow webs. It has a keyway in which the protective grilles are inserted.
  • the circular receiving openings formed by the inner walls of the collar 66 are open towards the center of the loudspeaker, as shown in FIG. 1.
  • the permanent magnet 22 is not arranged a partition or any other sound obstacle.
  • the rear sides are held at a slight distance (maximum two millimeters) by the ring 56 and are simultaneously pressed by the ring 56 against the shoulders (holding edges) 54.
  • the spherical zone 36 (spherical ring surface) is formed on the one hand by the outer surface of the inner housing part 30 and on the other hand by the outer surface of the cover ring 32.
  • This spherical zone 36 extends mirror-symmetrically on both sides of the mirror plane 20 and in each case extends almost up to a plane in which the circular ring surface 40 is located.
  • the rounded region 38 is thus relatively narrow (only about ten percent of the distance between the plane 20 and the plane of the circular ring surface 40). It effects a rounded transition between the spherical zone 36 and the annular surface 40.
  • the pin (adapter) 44 of the tweeter according to Figure 1 or 2 is inserted into the upper pin 62 of the midrange ( Figure 3 or 4), a bayonet groove 63 receives the bayonet projection 45 of the tweeter.
  • the pin 62 with its groove 63 form a support device for the tweeter.
  • Other carrying devices are possible, in particular with a receptacle for the cone 44 of the tweeter (or cone 44 of the midrange) for hanging or supporting mounting.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Audible-Bandwidth Dynamoelectric Transducers Other Than Pickups (AREA)
  • Obtaining Desirable Characteristics In Audible-Bandwidth Transducers (AREA)
EP85101658A 1984-02-17 1985-02-15 Haut-parleur électrodynamique à rayonnement omni-directionnel Expired EP0152926B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85101658T ATE35361T1 (de) 1984-02-17 1985-02-15 Elektrodynamischer lautsprecher mit rundumschallabstrahlung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843405635 DE3405635A1 (de) 1984-02-17 1984-02-17 Elektrodynamischer lautsprecher mit rundum-schallabstrahlung
DE3405635 1984-02-17

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0152926A2 true EP0152926A2 (fr) 1985-08-28
EP0152926A3 EP0152926A3 (en) 1985-09-25
EP0152926B1 EP0152926B1 (fr) 1988-06-22

Family

ID=6227950

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85101658A Expired EP0152926B1 (fr) 1984-02-17 1985-02-15 Haut-parleur électrodynamique à rayonnement omni-directionnel

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4665550A (fr)
EP (1) EP0152926B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0732517B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE35361T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3405635A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3915205A1 (de) * 1989-05-10 1990-11-15 Magnat Electronik Gmbh & Co Kg Lautsprecherbox mit einem basisgehaeuse und einem zweitgehaeuse

Families Citing this family (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989003160A1 (fr) * 1987-10-02 1989-04-06 Lineaum Corporation Dispositif de centrage pour membrane de haut-parleur
USD315562S (en) 1988-12-12 1991-03-19 Brown Willard J Speaker
FR2648664A1 (fr) * 1989-06-15 1990-12-21 Commissariat Energie Atomique Haut-parleur omnidirectionnel a membrane spherique utilisant un ruban magnetostrictif
US4989254A (en) * 1989-06-30 1991-01-29 Amalaha Leonard D Electro-acoustic transducer and manufacturing process
US5323466A (en) * 1990-04-25 1994-06-21 Ford Motor Company Tandem transducer magnet structure
US5319165A (en) * 1990-04-25 1994-06-07 Ford Motor Company Dual bandpass secondary source
US5526441A (en) * 1991-11-15 1996-06-11 Codnia; Basilio Full range convex electrodynamic loudspeaker
JP3177758B2 (ja) * 1993-04-07 2001-06-18 ミネベア株式会社 スピーカおよびその製造方法
US5701358A (en) * 1994-07-05 1997-12-23 Larsen; John T. Isobaric loudspeaker
US6618487B1 (en) 1996-09-03 2003-09-09 New Transducers Limited Electro-dynamic exciter
DE19821862A1 (de) * 1998-05-15 1999-11-18 Nokia Deutschland Gmbh Schallwiedergabeanordnung
US6047077A (en) * 1998-09-29 2000-04-04 Larsen; John T. Bipolar speaker
JP3778793B2 (ja) 2000-01-28 2006-05-24 富士通テン株式会社 スピーカシステム
US6856692B2 (en) * 2003-02-27 2005-02-15 Steff Lin Combination speaker enclosure mounting structure
EP1757161B1 (fr) * 2004-05-14 2016-11-30 Sonion Nederland B.V. Transducteur electroacoustique a membrane double
US20080008346A1 (en) * 2006-07-06 2008-01-10 Pt. Hartono Istana Teknologi Dynamic reflection 4pi steradian omni directional tweeter
CN107005766B (zh) 2014-07-16 2020-06-23 特拉克赛卡斯公司 用于模型交通工具的装载音频系统
USD834111S1 (en) 2014-10-01 2018-11-20 Traxxas Lp Transducer mount
USD880453S1 (en) * 2018-07-25 2020-04-07 Dolby Laboratories Licensing Corporation Speaker
USD1056882S1 (en) * 2023-03-07 2025-01-07 Logitech Europe S.A. Microphone
WO2024220024A1 (fr) * 2023-04-17 2024-10-24 Tgi Technology Pte Ltd Haut-parleur à ajustement serré

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3456755A (en) * 1963-07-29 1969-07-22 John Walker Hydraulic loudspeakers
US3393764A (en) * 1966-12-27 1968-07-23 Curtiss R. Schafer Loudspeaker systems
DE1815694C2 (de) * 1968-12-19 1971-02-18 Manger J W Elektrodynamisches Wandlersystem
US3720787A (en) * 1970-03-28 1973-03-13 Victor Company Of Japan Omni-directional globular speaker system
GB1350051A (en) * 1972-02-15 1974-04-18 Teire J M Enclosure for loudspeakers
US3979566A (en) * 1973-12-12 1976-09-07 Erazm Alfred Willy Electromagnetic transducer
JPS5325554Y2 (fr) * 1973-12-28 1978-06-30
US4167985A (en) * 1976-05-13 1979-09-18 Dunlavy John H Speaker system
DE2725346C3 (de) * 1977-06-04 1981-05-14 Josef Wilhelm 8725 Arnstein Manger Lautsprecher
US4306121A (en) * 1979-04-12 1981-12-15 Instrument Systems Corporation Electro-acoustic transducer assembly
FR2454244A1 (fr) * 1979-04-13 1980-11-07 Klein Siegfried Transducteur omnidirectionnel pour la transformation de modulations electriques en modulations vibratoires
FR2503516B1 (fr) * 1981-04-01 1986-02-07 Klein Siegfried Haut-parleur electrodynamique omnidirectionnel pour les frequences basses et medium du spectre sonore

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3915205A1 (de) * 1989-05-10 1990-11-15 Magnat Electronik Gmbh & Co Kg Lautsprecherbox mit einem basisgehaeuse und einem zweitgehaeuse

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3563504D1 (en) 1988-07-28
ATE35361T1 (de) 1988-07-15
JPS60242798A (ja) 1985-12-02
DE3405635A1 (de) 1985-08-22
US4665550A (en) 1987-05-12
JPH0732517B2 (ja) 1995-04-10
EP0152926A3 (en) 1985-09-25
EP0152926B1 (fr) 1988-06-22

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