EP0155217A1 - Sicherheitsvorrichtung für Hebezeuge einer Last - Google Patents

Sicherheitsvorrichtung für Hebezeuge einer Last Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0155217A1
EP0155217A1 EP85400486A EP85400486A EP0155217A1 EP 0155217 A1 EP0155217 A1 EP 0155217A1 EP 85400486 A EP85400486 A EP 85400486A EP 85400486 A EP85400486 A EP 85400486A EP 0155217 A1 EP0155217 A1 EP 0155217A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pulley
load
chain
block
safety device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85400486A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0155217B1 (de
Inventor
Daniel Blaive
Eric Chopinet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Framatome Te Courbevoie Frankrijk
Original Assignee
Novatome SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Novatome SA filed Critical Novatome SA
Priority to AT85400486T priority Critical patent/ATE29867T1/de
Publication of EP0155217A1 publication Critical patent/EP0155217A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0155217B1 publication Critical patent/EP0155217B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D3/00—Portable or mobile lifting or hauling appliances
    • B66D3/04—Pulley blocks or like devices in which force is applied to a rope, cable, or chain which passes over one or more pulleys, e.g. to obtain mechanical advantage
    • B66D3/06—Pulley blocks or like devices in which force is applied to a rope, cable, or chain which passes over one or more pulleys, e.g. to obtain mechanical advantage with more than one pulley
    • B66D3/10—Applications of braking or detent devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C15/00—Safety gear
    • B66C15/02—Safety gear for retaining load-engaging elements in the event of rope or cable breakage

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a safety device for an apparatus for lifting a load comprising at least one winch, the pulley of which is a chain pulley.
  • lifting devices are used to transport elements of large mass inside the nuclear power plant.
  • Lifting devices are used in particular comprising: winches having chain pulleys for the transport of fuel assemblies: during the loading and unloading operations of the reactor.
  • Such lifting devices generally comprise two winches provided with chain pulleys on which the two vertical strands, one chain, pass, at the upper part of their path.
  • the chain is returned to the lower part of its path by a chain pulley mounted cotatively around a horizontal axis in a block on which the load is hung.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to propose a safety device for a device for lifting a load comprising at least one winch. whose pulley is a chain pulley, a lifting chain returned to the lower part of its path by a second chain pulley rotatably mounted around a horizontal axis in the body of a block on which the load is hung and a means for taking up the vertical strand of the chain opposite the strand joining the winch to the second pulley, this safety device being very reliable and in particular making it possible to avoid untimely stops of the lifting device, by absence of an effective rupture of the chain.
  • the safety device comprises, carried by the body of the muffle, at least one means of blocking the second pulley relative to the body of the muffle movable between an out of service position, the pulley then being free to rotate in the block of the block for displacement of the load and a service position where the pulley is locked in rotation in the block, thanks to a control assembly comprising at least one load sensor on which the weight of the load in normal operation of the winch via the strands of the chain and which is freed from this load in the event of a break in one of the strands of the chain, the control assembly does not trigger the blocking of the pulley of the block only for a release of the load actually corresponding to a rupture of one of the strands of the chain, the load then remaining attached to the remaining strand.
  • Figure 1 shows an elevational view in partial section of a lifting device provided with a safety device according to the invention.
  • Figures 2a and 2b show a sectional view of an alternative embodiment of the locking means of a safety device according to the invention, in its position during normal operation of the lifting device.
  • Figures 2c and 2d are sectional views of the locking means of the safety device according to the invention, after breaking of a chain.
  • Figure 3 is a diagram of the electronic part of the control assembly of a safety device as shown in Figures 1 and 2a to 2d.
  • Figure 4 is a simplified view of the control assembly of the blocking means of the pulley of the device shown in Figures 2a to 2d.
  • FIG 1 we see a lifting device comprising two winches 1 and 2 whose pulleys are chain pulleys and whose motorization device has not been shown.
  • the pulleys of the winches 1 and 2 are rotatably mounted around their horizontal axis in bearings 3 and 4 respectively, themselves fixed on support bases 5 and 6.
  • the bases 5 and 6 rest on an upper support surface 10 by means of joints with a horizontal axis 11 and 12 and support assemblies constituted by a shock absorber 13 (or 14) and a load cell 15 (or 16).
  • the muffle 19 comprises a body 21 inside which is mounted a chain pulley 24, inside a housing 22 into which open the wells 25 and 27 for passage of the chain 18.
  • the pulley 22 is rotatably mounted around a horizontal axis in the muffle body 21 thanks to its central shaft 23 mounted at its ends in bearings carried by the muffle body 21. Between its rim 24 machined externally to mesh with the chain 18 and its central shaft 23 , the pulley has two hollow machined cheeks on each of its faces, one of which is visible in FIG. 1.
  • FIG. 1 we see the support 26a of one of the two locking means of the security device.
  • the support is rigidly fixed on the block body 21, at its end opposite to that entering the cheek of the pulley 24.
  • the support 26a is of generally cylindrical shape and has a recess 28a forming between the support 26a and the inner surface of the rim of the pulley 24 a wedge-shaped space.
  • the support 26a mounted coaxially to the shaft 23 of the pulley 24 is pierced at its central part with a bore with a diameter greater than the diameter of the shaft 23.
  • the outside diameter of the support 26a is less than the inside diameter of the rim of the pulley 24, so that the latter can rotate freely around the support 26a secured to the block body 21.
  • a second support 26b is mounted in the same way as the support 26a inside the corresponding cheek of the pulley 24.
  • This support 26b of a generally cylindrical shape is machined to form an opening 28b providing a wedge-shaped space between the support 26b and the inner surface of the rim 24.
  • the opening 28b is machined so that the wedge-shaped surface corresponding is directed in the opposite direction to the wedge-shaped surface limited by the opening 28a of the support 26a.
  • the outline of this symmetrical opening 28b of the opening 28 is shown in dotted lines in FIG. 1 with respect to a vertical plane perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 1 passing through the axis of rotation of the pulley 24.
  • a wedging roller 30a (or 30b). This jamming roller is pushed towards the corner of the wedge-shaped space by a spring 3la (or 31b).
  • the jamming rollers 30a and 30b are held in the rear position against the effect of the spring, by an articulated arm 32 in two parts, one end of which is hingedly connected to a rod 33 itself secured to the plunger core 34 of an electromagnet 35.
  • the plunger core 34 is in the high position as shown in Figure 1 and in this case the arm 32, mounted freely rotary by means of two rings 37 on the shaft 23 of the pulley 24, is in a position as shown in FIG. 1 where its ends provided with fingers 38 push the rollers 30a (and 30b) backwards.
  • the pulley 24 is blocked in rotation in both directions, the roller 30a blocking it in the direction of arrow 39 and the roller 30b in the opposite direction.
  • the load 20 is fixed to the lower part 40 of the body 21 of the block 19, this lower part 40 being itself fixed to the part of the cylinder body carrying the pulley 24, by means of spring fasteners 41 allowing a some protection of the lifting device.
  • the load is fully supported by the chain 18, via the pulley 24 and the muffle 19.
  • the weight of the load is transmitted by the chain 18 to the winches 1 and 2, to their supports 5 and 6 and to the load cells 15 and 16.
  • one of the weighing cells 15 in the case of a break in the strand 18a and 16 in the case of a break in the strand 18b of the chain) therefore records a sudden drop in the measured load.
  • This sudden modification of the load measured by the load cells is used to control the cut-off of the power supply to the electromagnet 35 and therefore the blocking in rotation of the pulley 24.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b we see two sections through planes parallel to the cheeks of the pulley 44 and symmetrical with respect to the median plane of the pulley, showing the two parts of the locking means of the safety device.
  • This blocking device comprises two supports 46a and 46b arranged on either side of the pulley 44 and having their end inside the cheeks of this pulley.
  • the supports 46a and 46b are fixed to the muffle body 45 by their part 47 of tubular shape comprising slots 48 for the movement of the actuating assembly 50.
  • the supports 46a and 46b comprise in the embodiment four recesses 49 providing between their surface and the internal surface of the rim of the pulley 44, a wedge-shaped space inside which is disposed a roller 52 pushed towards the angle of the wedge-shaped space by a spring 51 placed in a housing provided in the support 46.
  • the actuating means 50 of the blocking device is freely rotatably mounted on the shaft 43 of the pulley 44.
  • This means actuator is articulated on the rod 53 integral with the core 54 of an electromagnet 55.
  • the other part of the means actuator 50 visible in FIG. 2b is also mounted articulated with respect to the rod 53 of the electromagnet 55.
  • the recesses 49 of the supports 46a and 46b are arranged opposite to block the pulley 44 in one direction and the other and the two parts 50a and 50b of the actuating means of the blocking device have fingers 55 in inverted position to maintain the rollers 52 against the action of the springs 51, when the electromagnet 55 is energized, as can be seen in FIGS. 2a and 2b. In this position, the rollers 52 are held so that there is a clearance between the inner surface of the rim of the pulley 24 and these rollers. The pulley 24 can then rotate freely in the body of the block 45 for the normal operation of the load lifting device.
  • control assembly comprising the load cells (such as 15 and 16) arranged under the winches 1 and 2 on FIG. 1 which does not trigger a cut in the supply of the electromagnet such as 35 or 55 in FIGS. 1 and 2, in the case of a charge variation such as it may appear at the time of the removal or start of load lifting.
  • the load cells such as 15 and 16 shown in FIG. 1 fixed on the winch supports 1 and 2 respectively are constituted by strain gauges arranged in a measuring bridge. These gauges are connected to a measuring amplifier of the MGT 31 R type from the SCHENK Company. At the output of the MGT 31 R conditioners, a voltage proportional to the mass of the lifted load is obtained. This voltage obtained for each of the load cells is applied to one of the two input terminals of the measurement electronics shown in Figures 3 and 4.
  • the signal representative of the mass supported by the first weighing cell is received by the input terminal 1 and the signal representative of the mass supported by the second load cell, by terminal 2 of the control electronics. These signals are processed in a high-pass filter CI 1 which only outputs rapid variations of the signal representative of the mass supported by the load cells. During all normal winch operation, including the phases of picking up or depositing a load or variations in the operating speed of the winches, the output of the high pass filter is a constant signal which is transmitted to an input. of a CI comparator 3.
  • the load cell signals are also processed in a low-pass filter CI 2 which outputs a negative voltage signal representative of a certain percentage of the mass supported by the lifting device.
  • Resistors R3 and R4 were chosen to obtain a voltage at the output of the low-pass filter representing 80% of the load which is being lifted. This voltage serves as the reference voltage on the comparator.
  • This reference voltage only translates: variations in the load with a delay of several seconds, so that the reference remains constant during a very rapid variation of the load such as that accompanying the rupture of one of the strands of chain. The comparison will therefore be made between the voltage representative of the instantaneous value of the supported mass and the reference voltage representative of a value equal to 80% of the supported mass.
  • FIG. 4 shows a control assembly comprising two electromagnets 55 each associated with a part (50a or 50b) of a two-part actuation device 50.
  • the safety device is not triggered since the reference constantly taken into account by the control electronics and representative of the supported mass, is appreciably less than this mass and does not undergo a notable variation during a rapid variation of the load.
  • the device can therefore operate with different loads and without risk of blockage when starting or stopping the lifting device.
  • the safety device according to the invention is therefore very reliable since it allows the blocking of the block of the block to be stopped each time a variation in the load corresponding to a break in the chain is recorded.
  • This device reacts very quickly, its performance being limited only by the travel time of the moving parts such as the core of the electromagnet, the actuation means and the rollers. This reaction time can be reduced either by increasing the air gap of the electromagnet or by reducing the masses or even by reducing the clearances between the rollers and the pulley of the block.
  • the device according to the invention has the advantage of not triggering the locking means for variations of lower amplitude or at lower speed than those which correspond to a break in one of the strands. chain. This avoids inadvertently triggering the security system.
  • balls or other blocking elements of the block of the block can be used, so that these blocking elements can be arranged in a different way, for example in the vicinity of the outer surface of the pulley or on the contrary in the vicinity of its axis.
  • control assembly comprising electronic means different from those which have been described.
  • electronic means different from those which have been described.
  • reference signal of the load in a different way from that which has been described and even choose a fixed reference although this solution is less satisfactory than the described solution.
  • control assembly comprising a single load sensor placed under a support common to the two winches of the lifting device.
  • the invention applies not only to a lifting device comprising two winches but also to a lifting device comprising a single winch, the second strand of the chain being connected for example to a fixed point which constitutes the means for taking up the load on the second strand of the chain via a load sensor.
  • a damper is provided between the chain and the fixed point to absorb the energy when the load is blocked.
  • the safety device according to the invention applies in the case of any lifting device comprising chain winches used in the nuclear field or in another industry.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Devices For Conveying Motion By Means Of Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
EP85400486A 1984-03-16 1985-03-13 Sicherheitsvorrichtung für Hebezeuge einer Last Expired EP0155217B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85400486T ATE29867T1 (de) 1984-03-16 1985-03-13 Sicherheitsvorrichtung fuer hebezeuge einer last.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8404054A FR2561226B1 (fr) 1984-03-16 1984-03-16 Dispositif de securite d'un appareil de levage d'une charge
FR8404054 1984-03-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0155217A1 true EP0155217A1 (de) 1985-09-18
EP0155217B1 EP0155217B1 (de) 1987-09-23

Family

ID=9302097

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85400486A Expired EP0155217B1 (de) 1984-03-16 1985-03-13 Sicherheitsvorrichtung für Hebezeuge einer Last

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0155217B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE29867T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3560671D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2561226B1 (de)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2717873A1 (fr) * 1994-03-18 1995-09-29 Peter E Galloway Poulie à cliquet automatique.
EP0686595A1 (de) * 1994-05-30 1995-12-13 Emilio Sierra Escudero Sicherheitsvorrichtung für Hebezeug
WO2002057176A1 (fr) * 2001-01-18 2002-07-25 Plumettaz Sa Dispositifs de freinage d'urgence et d'amortissement de chocs pour un ascenseur ou charges suspendu
WO2005054604A1 (es) * 2003-11-27 2005-06-16 Ulma C Y E, S. Coop. Sistema trepador para encofrados, andamios y cargas en general
US7437782B1 (en) * 2006-01-06 2008-10-21 Joerns Healthcare Inc. Load sensing safety device for vertical lift
CN114180453A (zh) * 2022-02-17 2022-03-15 河南工学院 一种新型起重机防倾翻机构

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115367646B (zh) * 2022-07-08 2024-05-10 江苏核电有限公司 一种核电站用装卸料机主起升驱动装置

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2780318A (en) * 1955-10-11 1957-02-05 Roy A Owens Safety block
FR2359780A1 (fr) * 1976-07-28 1978-02-24 Lorraine Laminage Procede et dispositif pour le controle de l'accrochage de charges soulevees par plus d'un point
GB2110633A (en) * 1981-11-23 1983-06-22 Acushnet Co Cable drum safety device

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2780318A (en) * 1955-10-11 1957-02-05 Roy A Owens Safety block
FR2359780A1 (fr) * 1976-07-28 1978-02-24 Lorraine Laminage Procede et dispositif pour le controle de l'accrochage de charges soulevees par plus d'un point
GB2110633A (en) * 1981-11-23 1983-06-22 Acushnet Co Cable drum safety device

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2717873A1 (fr) * 1994-03-18 1995-09-29 Peter E Galloway Poulie à cliquet automatique.
EP0686595A1 (de) * 1994-05-30 1995-12-13 Emilio Sierra Escudero Sicherheitsvorrichtung für Hebezeug
US5735507A (en) * 1994-05-30 1998-04-07 Ganchos De Seguridad, S.L. Safety system for hoist apparatus
ES2116153A1 (es) * 1994-05-30 1998-07-01 Ganchos De Seguridad S L Sistema de seguridad para aparatos elevadores.
WO2002057176A1 (fr) * 2001-01-18 2002-07-25 Plumettaz Sa Dispositifs de freinage d'urgence et d'amortissement de chocs pour un ascenseur ou charges suspendu
US6942070B2 (en) 2001-01-18 2005-09-13 Plumettaz Sa Emergency braking and shock absorbing device for a lift or suspended load
WO2005054604A1 (es) * 2003-11-27 2005-06-16 Ulma C Y E, S. Coop. Sistema trepador para encofrados, andamios y cargas en general
US7513480B2 (en) 2003-11-27 2009-04-07 Ulma C Y E, S. Coop Climbing system for shuttering, scaffolding and loads in general
US7437782B1 (en) * 2006-01-06 2008-10-21 Joerns Healthcare Inc. Load sensing safety device for vertical lift
CN114180453A (zh) * 2022-02-17 2022-03-15 河南工学院 一种新型起重机防倾翻机构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2561226B1 (fr) 1986-10-31
FR2561226A1 (fr) 1985-09-20
ATE29867T1 (de) 1987-10-15
DE3560671D1 (en) 1987-10-29
EP0155217B1 (de) 1987-09-23

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