EP0156948B1 - Projectile à calibre réduit, stabilisé par ailettes, de grande proportion longueur/diamètre - Google Patents

Projectile à calibre réduit, stabilisé par ailettes, de grande proportion longueur/diamètre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0156948B1
EP0156948B1 EP84110429A EP84110429A EP0156948B1 EP 0156948 B1 EP0156948 B1 EP 0156948B1 EP 84110429 A EP84110429 A EP 84110429A EP 84110429 A EP84110429 A EP 84110429A EP 0156948 B1 EP0156948 B1 EP 0156948B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
zone
fact
accordance
cover
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84110429A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0156948A2 (fr
EP0156948A3 (en
Inventor
Bernhard Dipl.-Ing. Bisping
Klaus Dipl.-Ing. Bornefeld
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Industrie AG
Original Assignee
Rheinmetall GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19833339078 external-priority patent/DE3339078A1/de
Application filed by Rheinmetall GmbH filed Critical Rheinmetall GmbH
Publication of EP0156948A2 publication Critical patent/EP0156948A2/fr
Publication of EP0156948A3 publication Critical patent/EP0156948A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0156948B1 publication Critical patent/EP0156948B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
    • F42B12/06—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with hard or heavy core; Kinetic energy penetrators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/061—Sabots for long rod fin stabilised kinetic energy projectiles, i.e. multisegment sabots attached midway on the projectile

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wing-stabilized multi-purpose projectile arrangement for firing with high cadence from automatic barrel weapons according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • a wing-stabilized sub-caliber armor-piercing balancing bullet (penetrator) is known from DE-A 3 209 593.
  • a pre-penetrator has three separate core elements arranged axially one behind the other.
  • the core elements have inclined front surfaces in the abutting areas with one another and in the connection area to the main penetrator.
  • the core elements are enclosed in a sleeve that merges into a ballistic hood.
  • the surface design in the butt areas results in a pivoting of the subsequent penetrator part against the surface normal of the target surface when the target core element is hit flat by deflecting the front core element concerned.
  • This known penetrator cannot be fired from automatic weapons because it does not have sufficient feed strength.
  • the projectile is intended for large-caliber single-shot weapons against heavily armored vehicles with preferably multi-plate armor.
  • the pre-penetrator only occupies a small length range (approximately one fifth of the total length) of the total penetrator.
  • Such pre-penetrators generally only reach the sabot in the axial direction.
  • the steel shell available there only covers the pre-penetrators and at the same time forms the ballistic hood. With such a projectile, special measures to ensure a feed resistance are not necessary because of the slow insertion of the ammunition into the weapon.
  • a wing-stabilized sub-caliber training projectile with a dropping sabot is known, in which after a certain flight time the projectile body breaks down into at least two unstable parts via appropriate coupling means, which quickly fall to the ground and shorten the range of the projectile.
  • the larger length / diameter ratio and the wing stabilization of the projectile result according to the invention a comparatively small drop in speed on its trajectory.
  • a first flight level P1 is enclosed on the circumference in a positive-locking zone 30 by a sabot 22.
  • the flight level P1 has a stabilizing tail unit 20 on the rear on a body 10.
  • the sabot 22 has a front part 48 with an air pocket 54 and a rear part 50 with a gas pressure receiving surface 58.
  • a propellant charge sleeve 46 is in strangle grooves 62 with the Sabot 22 connected.
  • the front part 48 and rear part 50 of the sabot 22 are connected to one another in a stepless manner by means of a covering 44 provided with predetermined breaking points which are not shown along the longitudinal axes. This is discussed in connection with FIG. 3.
  • the missile P1 has a high-strength casing 38, for example made of steel.
  • the peripheral region 28 is provided with positive locking means (not shown) for forming the positive locking zone 30 already mentioned.
  • the latter extends on the front and rear side beyond a butt region 16 in which the bodies 10 and 12 are connected to one another, for example by brazing.
  • the casing 38 extends from the rear of the projectile to a front edge 25 which is designed in the form of a knife. In the process, their wall thickness continuously decreases in an area 24.
  • the interior of the shell 38 for receiving the two bodies 10 and 12 is of circular cylindrical design with the same diameter.
  • the sheath 38 is connected to the two bodies 10 and 12, for example by brazing.
  • the wall thickness thereof decreases, and the casing 38 is formed there on the circumference as a carrier for the stabilizing tail unit 20 and on the inside as a receptacle 32 for a tracer set 34.
  • the materials of the two bodies 10 and 12 are distinguished by a high proportion of at least one metallic element with a density of at least 18 g. CM-3. It can be both depleted uranium and tungsten. In the latter case, at least 90% (weight) of tungsten is present in a binder phase in the form of an alloy which contains at least iron and nickel. As a result, the material has a specifiable ductility. With a comparable tungsten content, the material of the body 12 is comparatively less ductile. It is more brittle and therefore easier to dismantle. As a result, numerous fragments of different sizes are formed when the projectile hits the body 12.
  • the casing 38 absorbs transverse and longitudinal forces that occur at least during handling in connection with a machine cannon, which could damage both the body 12 and its connection to the body 10 in the impact area 16.
  • the focus is on the transport determined by the belt feeder, the process of inserting it into the cargo space and the acceleration in the gun barrel in stages.
  • a sabot 23 (instead of the casing 38 in FIG. 1) absorbs transverse and longitudinal forces. Therefore, it has an extended support area 40, 42 on the front and rear.
  • the positive-locking zone 30 is limited to the body 10.
  • the bodies 10 and 12 are additionally connected to one another in a centering manner by means of a pin 52.
  • the support area 40 is surrounded on the outside by an air pocket 56.
  • the support area 42 is delimited on the outside by a gas pressure receiving surface 60; as a result, it is advantageously pressed radially against the missile P2 under the gas pressure building up during the shot development.
  • the sheathing 44 provided with predetermined breaking points not shown along the longitudinal axis gives the sabot 22, 23 a smooth circumferential surface and facilitates the transport and feeding process.
  • the missiles P1 and P2 do not differ in the material-related target-specific effect of the body 12.
  • the mass of brittle material that can be brought to the destination with a missile P2 is larger by a relevant partial volume of the shell 38 than for missile P1.
  • the casing 38 participates in an obvious way in the harmful effect on the target side: it tears open like a banana peel from the front edge 25, thereby releasing the material of the body 12.
  • the torn sheath 38 is initially driven further into the target and thin target skins, for example made of one of the usual light metal alloys, are penetrated over a large area.
  • the body 10 remains as a penetrator that is effective even at a greater target depth.
  • the material of the body 14 arranged on the tip side first becomes effective. It is preferably pyrophoric. As already mentioned, the material of the body 12 breaks down into numerous fragments of different sizes.
  • the projectile according to the invention is distinguished by a higher airspeed compared to spin-stabilized projectiles. This increases the range and increases the likelihood of striking. This applies to both flight targets and earthbound targets, preferably armored personnel carriers.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Ensemble de projectile polyvalent pour le tir à cadence rapide à partir d'armes à tube automatiques, comportant un projectile stabilisé par ailettes, sous-calibré, d'un rapport longueur/dia- mètre élevé et un sabot segmenté éjectable embrassant le projectile sur sa zone centrale au moyen d'une zone à concordance de forme, présentant les caractéristiques suivantes:
- Le projectile comporte au moins deux corps de projectile (10, 12) disposés l'un derrière l'autre qui sont constitués chacun par une matière ayant une forte proportion d'un élément métallique d'une masse volumique d'au moins 18g.cm3, mais présentant des caractéristiques de traction et de rupture différente;
- le corps de projectile antérieur (12) présente une forte friabilité et le corps de projectile postérieur (10) présente une forte ductilité ou une plus grande solidité;
- le volume du corps friable antérieur (12) pour obtenir un effet de fragmentation mécanique cumulatif étendu au premier impact sur la cible est sensiblement égal au volume du corps (10) relativement ductile;
- les deux corps de projectile (10, 12) sont reliés l'un à l'autre dans une zone de jonction (16) à peu près dans la zone centrale du projectile;
- pour absorber les forces transversales et longitudinales nocives se présentant lors de la manipulation, le projectile comporte dans sa zone centrale une enveloppe (38) très résistante s'étendant largement au-delà de la zone de jonction (16), comportant une zone périphérique à concordance de forme (30) pour coopérer avec le sabot (22).
2. Projectile selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de paroi de l'enveloppe (38) dans une zone antérieure (24) diminue en continu jusqu'à un bord antérieur (25) du type d'une arête tranchante.
3. Projectile selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de paroi de l'enveloppe (38) dans une zone postérieure (26) diminue jusqu'à l'arrière du projectile.
4. Projectile selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que la zone postérieure (26) de l'enveloppe (38) constitue au moins en partie un support pour un empennage de stabilisation (20).
5. Projectile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'enveloppe (38) constitue à l'arrière un logement (32) pour une composition traçante (34).
6. Projectile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5 qui précèdent, caractérisé en ce que le corps de projectile friable antérieur (12) comporte une pointe de projectile (14) en matière pyrophore.
7. Projectile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6 qui précèdent, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu dans la zone de jonction (18) entre la pointe de projectile (14) et le corps de projectile antérieur (12), dans une zone de contact (36) de l'enveloppe (38) avec les corps de projectile (10, 12) et dans la zone de jonction (16) entre les deux corps de projectile (10, 12), respectivement, une brasure.
8. Projectile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7 qui précèdent, caractérisé en ce que le sabot (22, 23) comporte à l'avant et à l'arrière une zone d'appui prolongée, entourant le projectile (respectivement 40, 42).
9. Projectile selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8 qui précèdent, caractérisé en ce que le sabot (22, 23) comporte une chemise (44) comportant des zones destinées à la rupture parallèles à l'axe longitudinal, placée entre sa partie antérieure (48) et sa partie postérieure (50), réalisant une jonction continue de la zone périphérique.
EP84110429A 1983-10-28 1984-09-01 Projectile à calibre réduit, stabilisé par ailettes, de grande proportion longueur/diamètre Expired EP0156948B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3339078 1983-10-28
DE19833339078 DE3339078A1 (de) 1982-11-18 1983-10-28 Fluegelstabilisiertes unterkalibergeschoss grossen laenge/durchmesser-verhaeltnisses

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0156948A2 EP0156948A2 (fr) 1985-10-09
EP0156948A3 EP0156948A3 (en) 1987-07-01
EP0156948B1 true EP0156948B1 (fr) 1989-08-16

Family

ID=6212912

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84110429A Expired EP0156948B1 (fr) 1983-10-28 1984-09-01 Projectile à calibre réduit, stabilisé par ailettes, de grande proportion longueur/diamètre

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4638738A (fr)
EP (1) EP0156948B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3479437D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES8506402A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11320246B2 (en) * 2015-10-06 2022-05-03 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Penetrator and sub-caliber projectile

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3242591A1 (de) * 1982-11-18 1984-05-24 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Unterkalibriges wuchtgeschoss grossen laenge/durchmesser-verhaeltnisses
EP0238818B1 (fr) * 1986-03-21 1989-12-06 Werkzeugmaschinenfabrik Oerlikon-Bührle AG Projectile à calibre réduit dont les effets sont basés sur son énergie cinétique
FR2611889B1 (fr) * 1987-03-05 1991-06-07 France Etat Armement Munition notamment pour artillerie comportant un projectile et une douille
DE3723909C2 (de) * 1987-07-18 1994-12-08 Rheinmetall Gmbh Penetrator
US4823703A (en) * 1987-08-11 1989-04-25 The Titan Corporation Armor penetrating and self-lubricating projectile
US5728968A (en) * 1989-08-24 1998-03-17 Primex Technologies, Inc. Armor penetrating projectile
US5198616A (en) * 1990-09-28 1993-03-30 Bei Electronics, Inc. Frangible armor piercing incendiary projectile
DE19619341C2 (de) * 1996-05-14 1999-11-11 Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh Unterkalibriges Wuchtgeschoß und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
US6182574B1 (en) * 1999-05-17 2001-02-06 Gregory J. Giannoni Bullet
US6843179B2 (en) * 2002-09-20 2005-01-18 Lockheed Martin Corporation Penetrator and method for using same
US20040055501A1 (en) * 2002-09-20 2004-03-25 Hunn David L. Penetrator and method for using same
US8096243B2 (en) * 2010-03-04 2012-01-17 Glasser Alan Z High velocity ammunition round
US8291828B2 (en) 2010-03-04 2012-10-23 Glasser Alan Z High velocity ammunition round
US8375860B2 (en) 2010-05-05 2013-02-19 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Stackable, easily packaged and aerodynamically stable flechette
US8499694B2 (en) 2011-05-04 2013-08-06 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Two-fin stackable flechette having two-piece construction
DE102020115703B4 (de) * 2020-06-15 2024-02-22 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Treibkäfig

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1428679C1 (de) * 1964-12-29 1977-09-15 Deutsch Franz Forsch Inst Hartkerngeschoss zur Bekaempfung von Panzerzielen
US3599573A (en) * 1968-05-31 1971-08-17 Whittaker Corp Composite preformed penetrators
NL7705239A (nl) * 1977-05-11 1978-11-14 Eurometaal Nv Oefenprojectiel van het type met een losse manchet.
FR2442428A1 (fr) * 1978-11-23 1980-06-20 France Etat Nouveau projectile a energie cinetique
US4284008A (en) * 1979-04-12 1981-08-18 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Army Double ramp discarding sabot
AU545632B2 (en) * 1980-11-05 1985-07-25 Pacific Technica Corp. Frangible projectile
DE3274294D1 (en) * 1981-08-31 1987-01-02 Gte Prod Corp Multiple component penetrator projectile
DE3209593A1 (de) * 1982-03-17 1983-09-29 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Unterkalibriges panzerbrechendes wuchtgeschoss (penetrator)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11320246B2 (en) * 2015-10-06 2022-05-03 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition Gmbh Penetrator and sub-caliber projectile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0156948A2 (fr) 1985-10-09
DE3479437D1 (en) 1989-09-21
US4638738A (en) 1987-01-27
ES536568A0 (es) 1985-07-16
EP0156948A3 (en) 1987-07-01
ES8506402A1 (es) 1985-07-16

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