EP0162013B1 - Warming-up furnace for cylindrical products - Google Patents

Warming-up furnace for cylindrical products Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0162013B1
EP0162013B1 EP85810216A EP85810216A EP0162013B1 EP 0162013 B1 EP0162013 B1 EP 0162013B1 EP 85810216 A EP85810216 A EP 85810216A EP 85810216 A EP85810216 A EP 85810216A EP 0162013 B1 EP0162013 B1 EP 0162013B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
warming
product
furnace according
longitudinal axis
charge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP85810216A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0162013A3 (en
EP0162013A2 (en
Inventor
Bernhard Hilge
Martin Knoch
Carl Kramer
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Rio Tinto Switzerland AG
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Schweizerische Aluminium AG
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Priority to AT85810216T priority Critical patent/ATE46965T1/en
Publication of EP0162013A2 publication Critical patent/EP0162013A2/en
Publication of EP0162013A3 publication Critical patent/EP0162013A3/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0075—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rods of limited length
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0056—Furnaces through which the charge is moved in a horizontal straight path

Definitions

  • the fans for generating the circulated gas flow are arranged so that the material is not evenly applied to the entire length of the gas flow without additional construction-intensive and pressure-reducing internals, such as baffles; this is due to the one-sided arrangement of the fans.
  • the fans blow off transversely to the longitudinal axis of the material, so that the pressure recovery in the fan housing causes problems.
  • Another disadvantage of this known heating furnace is the use of slot nozzles for convective heating. These slit nozzles arranged along the material produce slit jets, the exit velocity of which runs in different directions to the surface of the material and thus results in an uneven flow of flow and thus an uneven heating around the material.
  • DE-OS-2 929 322 DE-OS-2 712 279, DE-AS-2 637 646 and DE-OS-2 349 765.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a heating furnace of the type specified, in which the disadvantages mentioned above do not occur.
  • a heating furnace which leads to a precisely defined, uniform heating of the cylindrical material over its entire length and its entire circumference and excludes curvatures caused by different heating.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention are based in particular on the action of the cylindrical goods by the circulated gas flow in a manner which, even with different diameters of the goods, always leads to a symmetrical distribution of the heat transfer over the surface of the goods and over the length of the goods.
  • the cylindrical goods are each held in the heating furnace with a constant, defined axis position; the heat transfer continues Carried by a nozzle field, the nozzle jets are directed exactly radially to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical material, thereby ensuring stable, defined heat transfer conditions.
  • the exact radial alignment of the impinging jets is in turn achieved by an appropriate design of the flow guide and the flow channel provided with the nozzle openings.
  • the material to be annealed is indicated schematically in the drawings by a cylindrical bolt 1 which is located in a cylindrical treatment room 2.
  • This bolt 1 is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7.
  • Conveying device introduced into the treatment room in the horizontal direction, then centered in the vertical direction in the treatment room by means of a lifting device integrated in the conveying device, held there if required for a predetermined period of time, lowered again and then conveyed out of the treatment room 2.
  • the transport direction of the bolts 1 runs horizontally in the longitudinal direction of the central central or longitudinal axis of the bolts 1.
  • the transport device transports the bolts 1 into the treatment room in such a way that the longitudinal axes of all bolts 1, regardless of their diameter, are held at the same height in the treatment room 2.
  • 4 shows the minimum bolt diameter at 1a and the maximum bolt diameter at 1b. It can be seen that in both cases the longitudinal axis of the bolts 1 a and 1 b lie in the same place.
  • the outer walls of the treatment room 2 are formed by side walls of supply channels 4 for the treatment gas, for example air, which end in nozzle openings 3 in the walls of the treatment room 2.
  • the nozzle openings are arranged in the walls such that the nozzle jets emerging from the nozzle openings 3 are directed exactly radially onto the bolts 1.
  • the points of incidence of the nozzle jets based on the development of the lateral surface of the cylindrical bolts 1, lie in the corner points of equilateral triangles.
  • the side length of these equilateral triangles corresponds approximately to the distance between the nozzle exit surface and the bolt surface, based on the mean bolt diameter.
  • the outlet diameter of the nozzle openings 3 corresponds to approximately one fifth of the average nozzle distance from the surface of the bolts 1.
  • a return flow cross-section 5 is available for outflowing the treatment gas impinging on the bolt 1, above which a fan 6 is arranged. An unimpeded outflow of the treatment gas from the bolt 1 to a suction space 7 can thus take place, which extends almost over the entire length of the bolt 1.
  • the fan 6 conveys the treatment gas symmetrically on both sides in outflow diffusers 8.
  • burners At the end of these outflow diffusers 8, that is to say at the points where the outflow diffusers expand to approximately the width of the system, burners are installed, the flame of which is directed against the outflow from the fan 6, whereby the hot exhaust gases mix very evenly with the treatment gas circulated by the fan 6. Burners can be used for all common fuels. With indirect heating, the radiant tubes and with direct electrical heating, the heating grids are also installed in the flow channel at the end of the outflow diffusers. The subsequent narrowing of the flow channel results in an acceleration, which leads to a uniform speed profile in the inlet area 9 of the feed channels 4 for the nozzle openings 3.
  • the transport device will be described below with reference to Figures 6 and 7.
  • the generally indicated by the reference numeral 12, consisting of conveyor and lifting device has a horizontal, stationary conveyor roller hearth on the rotatable rollers 14 of this roller hearth maintain their vertical height and only serve for the horizontal conveying of the bolts 1 in FIGS from the treatment room 2.
  • the lifting elements are then actuated, as a result of which the frame 16 and thus also the double V-rollers 22 are displaced in the vertical direction upwards until the longitudinal axis of the bolt 1 shown in FIG. 6 coincides with the central axis of the treatment room 2.
  • the double V-rollers 22 are evenly distributed over the length of the bolt 1 and consist of a heat-resistant material. Except for the middle double V-roller, all double V-rollers are pivoted. The, based on the length of the pin 1, the middle double V-roller 22 is stationary, however, so it cannot rotate, which means that when the pin is heated, a uniform thermal expansion on both sides of the pin 1 in the longitudinal direction starts from the center Bolt 1 is guaranteed.
  • the lifting devices of the individual treatment rooms 2 can be operated independently of one another, whereby charging of the individual treatment rooms 2 is possible.
  • the described design of the nozzle openings simplifies the fact that with the same nozzle opening, which can be produced, for example, by appropriate deformation with a printing tool, the desired jet inclination angle is achieved as exactly as possible perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical bolt 1. In this way, a uniform outflow of the treatment gas from the bolt 1 is also achieved, which in turn leads to a heat transfer evenly distributed over the bolt surface.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)

Abstract

A furnace for heating cylindrical charges, in particular billets, rods and tubes, features a transportation facility with a conveyance device which feeds the charges in the longitudinal direction through a treatment chamber, the cross-sectional shape of which is closely similar to that of the charge; the transportation device also features a jacking device which supports the charge such that, regardless of the charge diameter, the longitudinal axis of the charge is always at the same level in the treatment chamber. Situated in the walls of the treatment chamber are nozzle outlets which direct a heated jet of gas radially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the charge and onto the surface of the charge. The feeding of circulating hot gas to the supply channel for the nozzles takes place from both ends of the treatment chamber. A ventilator is situated above the mid point along the length of the treatment chamber and blows out both inlets to the feed channels.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Anwärmofen für Bolzen, Stangen, Rohre und ähnliche zylindrische Güter der im Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Gattung.The invention relates to a heating furnace for bolts, rods, pipes and similar cylindrical goods of the type specified in the preamble of claim 1.

Aus der WO 83/02661 ist ein Anwärmofen für Bolzen, Stangen, Rohre und ähnliche zylindrische Güter bekannt, die mittels einer Transportvorrichtung durch einen Behandlungsraum gefördert werden. Diese Transportvorrichtung behält jedoch eine bestimmte, vorgegebene Höhe bei, so daß sich bei Gütern mit unterschiedlichem Durchmesser die Längsachsen nicht exakt in der Mitte des zylindrischen Behandlungsraumes befinden. Dadurch kommt es jedoch zu einer ungleichmäßigen Beaufschlagung der Gutoberfläche durch den erwärmten Gasstrom und eine entsprechend ungleichmäßige Erwärmung, die zu Verkrümmungen des Glühgutes führen kann, die der weiteren Verarbeitung sehr hinderlich sind. Außerdem rufen diese Verkrümmungen wiederum eine noch ungleichmäßigere Erwärmung hervor, da sich, über die Länge des Glühgutes gesehen, der Abstand zwischen der Wand des zylindrischen Behandlungsraumes und der Oberfläche des Glühgutes in unkontrollierter Weise ändert.From WO 83/02661 a heating furnace for bolts, rods, pipes and similar cylindrical goods is known, which are conveyed through a treatment room by means of a transport device. However, this transport device maintains a certain, predetermined height, so that in the case of goods of different diameters, the longitudinal axes are not exactly in the middle of the cylindrical treatment room. However, this results in an uneven loading of the material surface by the heated gas flow and a correspondingly uneven heating, which can lead to curvatures of the annealing material, which are very difficult for further processing. In addition, these curvatures in turn cause an even more uneven heating, since, seen over the length of the annealing material, the distance between the wall of the cylindrical treatment space and the surface of the annealing material changes in an uncontrolled manner.

Die Ventilatoren für die Erzeugung des umgewälzten Gasstroms sind so angeordnet, daß das Gut ohne zusätzliche konstruktionsaufwendige und Druckverluste verursachende Einbauten, wie beispielsweise Leitbleche, nicht auf seiner gesamten Länge gleichmäßig durch den Gasstrom beaufschlagt wird; dies ist auf die einseitige Anordnung der Ventilatoren zurückzuführen. Außerdem blasen die Ventilatoren quer zur Längsachse des Gutes ab, so daß der Druckrückgewinn im Ventilatorgehäuse Probleme bereitet.The fans for generating the circulated gas flow are arranged so that the material is not evenly applied to the entire length of the gas flow without additional construction-intensive and pressure-reducing internals, such as baffles; this is due to the one-sided arrangement of the fans. In addition, the fans blow off transversely to the longitudinal axis of the material, so that the pressure recovery in the fan housing causes problems.

Ein weiterer Nachteil dieses bekannten Anwärmofens liegt in der Verwendung von Schlitzdüsen für die konvektive Erwärmung. Diese, längs des Gutes angeordnete Schlitzdüsen erzeugen Schlitzstrahlen, deren Austrittsgeschwindigkeit über dem Gutumfang in unterschiedlichen Richtungen zur Gutoberfläche verläuft und also eine ungleichmäßige Strömungsbeaufschlagung und damit eine ungleichmäßige Erwärmung um den Gutumfang zur Folge hat.Another disadvantage of this known heating furnace is the use of slot nozzles for convective heating. These slit nozzles arranged along the material produce slit jets, the exit velocity of which runs in different directions to the surface of the material and thus results in an uneven flow of flow and thus an uneven heating around the material.

Entsprechende Konstruktionen gehen aus der DE-OS-2 929 322, der DE-OS-2 712 279, der DE-AS-2 637 646 und der DE-OS-2 349 765 hervor.Corresponding constructions emerge from DE-OS-2 929 322, DE-OS-2 712 279, DE-AS-2 637 646 and DE-OS-2 349 765.

Besonders in der Leichtmetallindustrie, beispielsweise bei zylindrischen Gütern aus Aluminium, werden zunehmend höhere Anforderungen an die gleichmäßige Erwärmung und die Genaue Einhaltung der geforderten Temperaturen gestellt. Außerdem sollte aus wirtschaftlichen Gründen die Behandlungszeit möglichst kurz gehalten werden; aus diesem Grunde wird angestrebt, den Wärmeübergang so groß wie möglich zu machen. Gerade bei hohen Wärme- übergängen wirken sich jedoch örtliche Schwankungen stark aus und können zu örtlichen Überhitzungen führen. Dies ist ein schwerwiegender Mangel von Anwärmöfen bei denen zur Verbesserung des Wärmeübergangs das zylindrische Gut direkt durch Flammen beaufschlagt wird, wie es aus der US-PS-3 837 794 bekannt ist.In the light metal industry in particular, for example in the case of cylindrical goods made of aluminum, there are increasing demands on uniform heating and precise maintenance of the required temperatures. In addition, the treatment time should be kept as short as possible for economic reasons; for this reason, the aim is to make the heat transfer as large as possible. However, local fluctuations have a strong impact, especially with high heat transfers, and can lead to local overheating. This is a serious shortage of heating furnaces in which the cylindrical material is directly exposed to flames to improve the heat transfer, as is known from US Pat. No. 3,837,794.

Weiterhin sind schon Anwärmöfen entwickelt worden, bei denen das Gut während der Behandlung gedreht (US-PS-4 410 308) oder induktiv erwärmt wird (DE-OS-2 628 657). Hierfür ist jedoch ein großer konstruktiver Aufwand erforderlich. Außerdem gewährleistet auch die induktive Beheizung nicht die Gleichmäßige Erwärmung des zylindrischen Gutes über seine gesamte Länge.Furthermore, heating furnaces have already been developed in which the material is rotated during the treatment (US Pat. No. 4,410,308) or is heated inductively (DE-OS-2 628 657). However, this requires a great deal of design effort. In addition, the inductive heating does not guarantee the uniform heating of the cylindrical material over its entire length.

Weiterhin geht aus der DE-OS-2 919 207 eine Transportvorrichtung für einen Anwärmofen hervor, bei dem jedoch die Erwärmung der zylindrischen Güter durch den direkten Kontakt mit erwärmten, feuerfesten Blöcken, also nicht durch konvektive Erwärmung, erfolgt.Furthermore, DE-OS-2 919 207 shows a transport device for a heating furnace, in which, however, the cylindrical goods are heated by direct contact with heated, refractory blocks, that is to say not by convective heating.

Ein Anwärmofen der angegebenen Gattung geht schließlich aus der US-PS-4 065 249 hervor und weist einen Behandlungsraum, dessen Form dem Querschnitt des Gutes angepaßt ist, eine Transportvorrichtung für die Förderung des Gutes in Richtung seiner Längsachse durch den Behandlungsraum, einen Ventilator für die Erzeugung eines Gasstroms, eine Heizeinrichtung für die Erwärmung des Gasstroms sowie Düsenöffnungen für die Einführung des erwärmten Gasstroms in den Behandlungsraum auf. Auch hierbei ergibt sich jedoch der oben erwähnte Nachteil, nämlich die ungleichmäßige Erwärmung der zylindrischen Güter über ihre Länge und/oder über ihren Umfang, die auf die ungleichmäßige Beaufschlagung der Güter durch den Behandlungsgasstrom zurückzuführen ist.A heating furnace of the type specified finally emerges from US-PS-4 065 249 and has a treatment room, the shape of which is adapted to the cross section of the goods, a transport device for conveying the goods in the direction of its longitudinal axis through the treatment room, a fan for the Generation of a gas stream, a heating device for heating the gas stream and nozzle openings for introducing the heated gas stream into the treatment room. Here, too, however, there is the disadvantage mentioned above, namely the uneven heating of the cylindrical goods over their length and / or over their circumference, which is due to the uneven loading of the goods by the treatment gas flow.

Der Erfindung liegt deshalb die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Anwärmofen der angegebenen Gattung zu schaffen, bei dem die oben erwähnten Nachteile nicht auftreten.The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a heating furnace of the type specified, in which the disadvantages mentioned above do not occur.

Insbesondere soll ein Anwärmofen vorgeschlagen werden, der zu einer genau definierten, gleichmäßigen Erwärmung des zylindrischen Gutes über seine gesamte Länge und seinen gesamten Umfang führt und durch unterschiedliche Erwärmung bedingte Verkrümmungen ausschließt.In particular, a heating furnace is to be proposed which leads to a precisely defined, uniform heating of the cylindrical material over its entire length and its entire circumference and excludes curvatures caused by different heating.

Dies wird erfindungsgemäß durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmale erreicht.This is achieved according to the invention by the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Zweckmäßige Ausführungsformen sind in den Unteransprüchen zusammengestellt.Appropriate embodiments are compiled in the subclaims.

Die mit der Erfindung erzielten Vorteile beruhen insbesondere auf der Beaufschlagung der zylindrischen Güter durch den umgewälzten Gasstrom in einer Weise, die auch bei unterschiedlichen Durchmessern des Gutes stets zu einer symmetrischen Verteilung des Wärmeübergangs über die Gutoberfläche und über die Gutlänge führt. Zu diesem Zweck werden einerseits die zylindrischen Güter jeweils mit konstanter, definierter Achslage in dem Anwärmofen gehalten; weiterhin erfolgt die Wärmeübertragung durch ein Düsenfeld, dessen Düsenstrahlen genau radial zur Längsachse des zylindrischen Gutes gerichtet sind, wodurch stabile, definierte Wärmeübergangsverhältnisse gewährleistet werden. Die genaue radiale Ausrichtung der auftreffenden Strahlen wird wiederum durch eine entsprechende Gestaltung der Strömungsführung und des mit den Düsenöffnungen versehenen Strömungskanals erreicht.The advantages achieved by the invention are based in particular on the action of the cylindrical goods by the circulated gas flow in a manner which, even with different diameters of the goods, always leads to a symmetrical distribution of the heat transfer over the surface of the goods and over the length of the goods. For this purpose, on the one hand, the cylindrical goods are each held in the heating furnace with a constant, defined axis position; the heat transfer continues Carried by a nozzle field, the nozzle jets are directed exactly radially to the longitudinal axis of the cylindrical material, thereby ensuring stable, defined heat transfer conditions. The exact radial alignment of the impinging jets is in turn achieved by an appropriate design of the flow guide and the flow channel provided with the nozzle openings.

Die Erfindung wird im folgenden anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels unter Bezugnahme auf die beiliegenden, schematischen Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Draufsicht auf einen Anwärmofen,
  • Fig. 2 einen Schnitt längs der Linie A-A von Fig. 1,
  • Fig. 3 einen Schnitt längs der Linie B-B von Fig. 2,
  • Fig. 4 eine Einzelheit von Fig. 3 im vergrößerten Maßstab in einer Darstellung entsprechend Fig. 3,
  • Fig. 5 einen Schnitt längs der Linie C - C von Fig. 2,
  • Fig. 6 eine perspektivische Ansicht der Transportvorrichtung, und
  • Fig. 7 einen senkrechten Schnitt durch die Transportvorrichtung.
The invention is explained below using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings. Show it:
  • 1 is a plan view of a heating furnace,
  • 2 shows a section along the line AA of FIG. 1,
  • 3 shows a section along the line BB of FIG. 2,
  • 4 shows a detail of FIG. 3 on an enlarged scale in a representation corresponding to FIG. 3,
  • 5 shows a section along the line C - C of FIG. 2,
  • 6 is a perspective view of the transport device, and
  • Fig. 7 is a vertical section through the transport device.

Das zu glühende Gut wird in den Zeichnungen schematisch durch einen zylindrischen Bolzen 1 angedeutet, der sich in einem zylindrischen Behandlungsraum 2 befindet. Dieser Bolzen 1 wird durch eine aus den Figuren 6 und 7 ersichtliche. Fördervorrichtung in horizontaler Richtung in den Behandlungsraum eingeführt, anschließend mittels einer in die Fördervorrichtung integrierten Hubvorrichtung in vertikaler Richtung im Behandlungsraum zentriert, dort bei Bedarf eine vorgegebene Zeitspanne gehalten, wieder abgesenkt und anschließend aus dem Behandlungsraum 2 herausbefördert. Die Transportrichtung der Bolzen 1 verläuft horizontal in Längsrichtung der zentralen Mittel- bzw. Längsachse der Bolzen 1.The material to be annealed is indicated schematically in the drawings by a cylindrical bolt 1 which is located in a cylindrical treatment room 2. This bolt 1 is shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. Conveying device introduced into the treatment room in the horizontal direction, then centered in the vertical direction in the treatment room by means of a lifting device integrated in the conveying device, held there if required for a predetermined period of time, lowered again and then conveyed out of the treatment room 2. The transport direction of the bolts 1 runs horizontally in the longitudinal direction of the central central or longitudinal axis of the bolts 1.

Wie man aus Fig. 4 erkennt, befördert die Transportvorrichtung die Bolzen 1 in der Weise in den Behandlungsraum, daß die Längsachsen aller Bolzen 1, und zwar unabhängig von ihrem Durchmesser, auf der gleichen Höhe in dem Behandlungsraum 2 gehalten werden. In Fig. 4 ist bei 1a der minimale Bolzendurchmesser und bei 1b der maximale Bolzendurchmesser eingezeichnet. Es läßt sich erkennen, daß in beiden Fällen die Längsachse der Bolzen 1 a bzw. 1b an der gleichen Stelle liegen.As can be seen from FIG. 4, the transport device transports the bolts 1 into the treatment room in such a way that the longitudinal axes of all bolts 1, regardless of their diameter, are held at the same height in the treatment room 2. 4 shows the minimum bolt diameter at 1a and the maximum bolt diameter at 1b. It can be seen that in both cases the longitudinal axis of the bolts 1 a and 1 b lie in the same place.

Die Außenwände des Behandlungsraumes 2 werden durch Seitenwände von Zuführkanälen 4 für das Behandlungsgas, beispielsweise Luft, gebildet, die in Düsenöffnungen 3 in den Wänden des Behandlungsraumes 2 enden. Die Düsenöffnungen sind so in den Wänden angeordnet, daß die aus den Düsenöffnungen 3 austretenden Düsenstrahlen genau radial auf die Bolzen 1 gerichtet sind. Zu diesem Zweck liegen die Auftreffpunkte der Düsenstrahlen, bezogen auf die Abwicklung der Mantelfläche der zylinderförmigen Bolzen 1, in den Eckpunkten gleichseitiger Dreiecke. Die Seitenlänge dieser gleichseitigen Dreiecke entspricht etwa dem Abstand zwischen Düsenaustrittsfläche und Bolzenoberfläche, bezogen auf den mittleren Bolzendurchmesser. Bei kreisrunden Düsenöffnungen 3 entspricht der Austrittsdurchmesser der Düsenöffnungen 3 etwa einem Fünftel des mittleren Düsenabstandes von der Oberfläche der Bolzen 1.The outer walls of the treatment room 2 are formed by side walls of supply channels 4 for the treatment gas, for example air, which end in nozzle openings 3 in the walls of the treatment room 2. The nozzle openings are arranged in the walls such that the nozzle jets emerging from the nozzle openings 3 are directed exactly radially onto the bolts 1. For this purpose, the points of incidence of the nozzle jets, based on the development of the lateral surface of the cylindrical bolts 1, lie in the corner points of equilateral triangles. The side length of these equilateral triangles corresponds approximately to the distance between the nozzle exit surface and the bolt surface, based on the mean bolt diameter. In the case of circular nozzle openings 3, the outlet diameter of the nozzle openings 3 corresponds to approximately one fifth of the average nozzle distance from the surface of the bolts 1.

Zum Abströmen des auf den Bolzen 1 auftreffenden Behandlungsgases steht ein Rückströmquerschnitt 5 zur Verfügung, über dem ein Ventilator 6 angeordnet ist. Damit kann also eine ungehinderte Abströmung des Behandlungsgases von dem Bolzen 1 zu einem Saugraum 7 erfolgen, der sich nahezu über die gesamte Länge des Bolzens 1 erstreckt.A return flow cross-section 5 is available for outflowing the treatment gas impinging on the bolt 1, above which a fan 6 is arranged. An unimpeded outflow of the treatment gas from the bolt 1 to a suction space 7 can thus take place, which extends almost over the entire length of the bolt 1.

Der Ventilator 6 fördert das Behandlungsgas symmetrisch auf beiden Seiten in Abströmdiffusoren 8. Am Ende dieser Abströmdiffusoren 8, also an den Stellen, wo sich die Abströmdiffusoren etwa auf die Anlagenbreite erweitern, sind Brenner eingebaut, deren Flamme gegen die Abströmung vom Ventilator 6 gerichtet ist, wodurch sich die heißen Abgase sehr gleichmäßig mit dem vom Ventilator 6 umgewälzten Behandlungsgas vermischen. Es können Brenner für alle gängigen Brennstoffe verwendet werden. Bei indirekter Beheizung werden die Strahlrohre und bei direkter elektrischer Beheizung die Heizgitter ebenfalls in den Strömungskanal am Ende der Abströmdiffusoren eingebaut. Durch die sich anschließende Verengung des Strömungskanals erfolgt eine Beschleunigung, welche zu einem gleichmäßigen Geschwindigkeitsprofil im Eintrittsbereich 9 der Zuführkanäle 4 für die Düsenöffnungen 3 führt.The fan 6 conveys the treatment gas symmetrically on both sides in outflow diffusers 8. At the end of these outflow diffusers 8, that is to say at the points where the outflow diffusers expand to approximately the width of the system, burners are installed, the flame of which is directed against the outflow from the fan 6, whereby the hot exhaust gases mix very evenly with the treatment gas circulated by the fan 6. Burners can be used for all common fuels. With indirect heating, the radiant tubes and with direct electrical heating, the heating grids are also installed in the flow channel at the end of the outflow diffusers. The subsequent narrowing of the flow channel results in an acceleration, which leads to a uniform speed profile in the inlet area 9 of the feed channels 4 for the nozzle openings 3.

Im heiteren Verlauf der Strömungsführung verengen sich die Zuführkanäle 4 für die Düsenöffnungen 3 vom Eintrittsquerschnitt 9 auf den Mittenquerschnitt 10, wie man in Fig. 5 erkennt, wodurch sich auf der Innenseite der Düsenöffnungen 3 überall der gleiche Strömungswinkel einstellt.In the serene course of the flow, the feed channels 4 for the nozzle openings 3 narrow from the inlet cross-section 9 to the central cross-section 10, as can be seen in FIG. 5, as a result of which the same flow angle is established everywhere on the inside of the nozzle openings 3.

Die Transportvorrichtung soll im folgenden unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren 6 und 7 beschrieben werden. Die allgemein durch das Bezugszeichen 12 angedeutete, aus Förder- und Hubvorrichtung bestehende Transportvorrichtung weist einen horizontalen, stationären Förderrollen-Herd auf die drehbaren Rollen 14 dieses Rollen-Herdes behalten ihre vertikale Höhe bei und dienen nur für die horizontale Förderung der Bolzen 1 in den und aus dem Behandlungsraum 2.The transport device will be described below with reference to Figures 6 and 7. The generally indicated by the reference numeral 12, consisting of conveyor and lifting device has a horizontal, stationary conveyor roller hearth on the rotatable rollers 14 of this roller hearth maintain their vertical height and only serve for the horizontal conveying of the bolts 1 in FIGS from the treatment room 2.

In den Förderrollen-Herd ist eine Hubvorrichtung mit einem Verbindungs- und Tragrahmen 16 integriert, der durch Hubelemente (nicht dargestellt), z. B. Spindeln oder hydraulische Zylinder, in vertikaler Richtung verstellt werden kann. Der Rahmen 16 trägt mehrere, vertikale Hubstangen 18 (in Fig. 6 sind drei Stangen dargestellt), die an ihrem oberen Ende mit horizontalen Lagerbügeln 20 versehen sind. Die Lagerbügel 20 weisen Lagerflächen aus geeignetem Material, beispielsweise einem keramischen Werkstoff oder einem Sintermaterial, für die Wellen von Doppel-V-Rollen 22 auf. Wie man aus Fig. 7 erkennt, sind die Wellen 15 der Förderrollen 14 sowie die Hubstangen 18 durch die Isolierung des Behandlungsraumes 2 nach außen geführt und außen gelagert.In the conveyor roller hearth a lifting device is integrated with a connecting and supporting frame 16, which by lifting elements (not shown), for. B. spindles or hydraulic cylinders, can be adjusted in the vertical direction. The frame 16 carries a plurality of vertical lifting rods 18 (three rods are shown in FIG. 6) which are provided with horizontal bearing brackets 20 at their upper end. The bearing brackets 20 have bearing surfaces made of a suitable material, for example a ceramic material or a sintered material, for the shafts of double V-rollers 22. As can be seen from FIG. 7, the shafts 15 of the conveyor rollers 14 and the lifting rods 18 are guided outwards through the insulation of the treatment room 2 and are mounted outside.

Der auf den Förderrollen 14 liegende Bolzen 1 wird in horizontaler Richtung in den Behandlungsraum 2 eingeführt, bis er gegen einen Anschlag läuft. Dann wird der Bolzen 1 entgegen seiner Förderrichtung um eine gewisse Strecke zurückbewegt, bis er die richtige horizontale Lage im Behandlungsraum 2 erreicht hat.The bolt 1 lying on the conveyor rollers 14 is inserted in the horizontal direction into the treatment room 2 until it runs against a stop. Then the bolt 1 is moved back a certain distance against its conveying direction until it has reached the correct horizontal position in the treatment room 2.

Anschließend werden die Hubelemente betätigt, wodurch der Rahmen 16 und damit auch die Doppel-V-Rollen 22 in vertikaler Richtung nach oben verschoben werden, bis die aus Fig. 6 ersichtliche Längsachse des Bolzens 1 mit der zentralen Achse des Behandlungsraumes 2 zusammenfällt.The lifting elements are then actuated, as a result of which the frame 16 and thus also the double V-rollers 22 are displaced in the vertical direction upwards until the longitudinal axis of the bolt 1 shown in FIG. 6 coincides with the central axis of the treatment room 2.

Die Doppel-V-Rollen 22 sind gleichmäßig über die Länge des Bolzens 1 verteilt und bestehen aus einem warmfesten Material. Bis auf die mittlere Doppel-V-Rolle sind alle Doppel-V-Rollen drehbar gelagert. Die, bezogen auf die Länge des Bolzens 1, mittlere Doppel-V-Rolle 22 ist jedoch stationär, kann sich also nicht drehen, wodurch bei der Erwärmung des Bolzens eine in Längsrichtung von der Mitte des Bolzens 1 ausgehende, gleichmäßige Wärmeausdehnung zu beiden Seiten des Bolzens 1 hin gewährleistet ist.The double V-rollers 22 are evenly distributed over the length of the bolt 1 and consist of a heat-resistant material. Except for the middle double V-roller, all double V-rollers are pivoted. The, based on the length of the pin 1, the middle double V-roller 22 is stationary, however, so it cannot rotate, which means that when the pin is heated, a uniform thermal expansion on both sides of the pin 1 in the longitudinal direction starts from the center Bolt 1 is guaranteed.

Bei einer Ausführung des Anwärmofens mit mehreren Behandlungsräumen 2 können die Hubvorrichtungen der einzelnen Behandlungsräume 2 unabhängig voneinander bedient werden, wodurch eine Chargierung der einzelnen Behandlungsräume 2 möglich ist.In the case of a design of the heating furnace with several treatment rooms 2, the lifting devices of the individual treatment rooms 2 can be operated independently of one another, whereby charging of the individual treatment rooms 2 is possible.

Für die Fertigung ergibt sich durch die beschriebene Ausgestaltung der Düsenöffnungen die Vereinfachung, daß mit der gleichen Düsenöffnung, die beispielsweise durch entsprechende Verformung mit einem Druckwerkzeug hergestellt werden kann, überall der gewünschte Strahlneigungswinkel möglichst exakt senkrecht zur Achse des zylindrischen Bolzens 1 erreicht wird. Auf diese Weise wird auch eine überall gleichmäßige Abströmung des Behandlungsgases vom Bolzen 1 erzielt, die wiederum zu einem gleichmäßig über die Bolzenoberfläche verteilten Wärmeübergang führt.For the manufacture, the described design of the nozzle openings simplifies the fact that with the same nozzle opening, which can be produced, for example, by appropriate deformation with a printing tool, the desired jet inclination angle is achieved as exactly as possible perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical bolt 1. In this way, a uniform outflow of the treatment gas from the bolt 1 is also achieved, which in turn leads to a heat transfer evenly distributed over the bolt surface.

Claims (9)

1. Warming-up furnace for bolts, bars, tubes and similar cylindrical products,
a) with at least one treatment space, the form of which is matched to the cross-section of the product,
b) with a transport device for conveying the product in the direction of its longitudinal axis through the treatment space as far as an end position,
c) with a fan for generating a circulated gas stream,
d) with a heating means for heating the gas stream, and
e) with nozzle orifices in the walls of the treatment space for introducing the heated gas stream radially relative to the longitudinal axis of the product,
characterized by the following features:
f) the transport device (12), in addition to the conveyor device (14) for the horizontal movement of the product (1) in the direction of its longitudinal axis, has a lifting device (16, 18, 20, 22) for centring the product (1) vertically relative to the longitudinal axis as a function of the cross- sectional dimensions of the product (1) in the treatment space (2),
g) the feed channels (4) feeding the nozzles (3) are supplied from their inflow cross-sections (9) at the two ends of the treatment space (2), and
h) the fan (6) is arranged transversely at a distance from the middle of the treatment space (2) and blows out on both sides of the two inflow cross-sections (9) of the feed channels (4).
2. Warming-up furnace according to Claim 1, characterized in that, where circular nozzle orifices (3) are concerned, the outflow diameter of the nozzle orifices (3) amounts to approximately one fifth of the mean distance of the nozzle orifices (3) from the product surface.
3. Warming-up furnace according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that above the treatment space (2) there is a suction space (7) which extends approximately over the entire length of the product (1).
4. Warming-up furnace according to Claim 3, characterized in that the fan (6) connected to the suction space (7) conveys the gas symmetrically on both sides into flow-off diffusers (8).
5. Warming-up furnace according to Claim 4, characterized in that arranged at the end of the flowoff diffusers (8) are burners, the flame of which is directed counter to the flow-off from the fan (6).
6. Warming-up furnace according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the cross-section of the feed channels (4) decreases from the inflow cross-section (9) towards the middle cross-section (10).
7. Warming-up furnace according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the conveyor device is formed by a horizontal transport-roller hearth (14).
8. Warming-up furnace according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the lifting device has a connecting and supporting frame (16) adjustable in the vertical direction by means of lifting elements and intended for double-V rollers (22) receiving the product (1).
9. Warming-up furnace according to Claim 8, characterized in that the double-V roller (22) which is in the middle in relation to the length of the product (1) is mounted non-rotatably.
EP85810216A 1984-05-18 1985-05-08 Warming-up furnace for cylindrical products Expired EP0162013B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85810216T ATE46965T1 (en) 1984-05-18 1985-05-08 PREHEATING FURNACE FOR CYLINDRICAL GOODS.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3418603 1984-05-18
DE3418603A DE3418603C1 (en) 1984-05-18 1984-05-18 Warming furnace for cylindrical goods

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0162013A2 EP0162013A2 (en) 1985-11-21
EP0162013A3 EP0162013A3 (en) 1987-04-29
EP0162013B1 true EP0162013B1 (en) 1989-10-04

Family

ID=6236277

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85810216A Expired EP0162013B1 (en) 1984-05-18 1985-05-08 Warming-up furnace for cylindrical products

Country Status (7)

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US (1) US4620840A (en)
EP (1) EP0162013B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS619514A (en)
AT (1) ATE46965T1 (en)
CA (1) CA1233639A (en)
DE (2) DE3418603C1 (en)
NO (1) NO166289C (en)

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DE19538364C5 (en) * 1995-10-14 2007-05-24 Carl Prof. Dr.-Ing. Kramer Device for rapid heating of metal press studs
DE19943354C1 (en) * 1999-09-10 2001-05-23 Carl Kramer Heat treating homogenized cooled cast light metal slugs or rod, comprises reheating, and subjecting to passive temperature compensation to lead to specified temperature uniformity
WO2001020052A2 (en) * 1999-09-16 2001-03-22 Honsel Profilprodukte Gmbh Method and device for heat treatment of extruded sections
DE102007062551B4 (en) * 2007-12-20 2012-02-23 Otto Junker Gmbh Apparatus and method for heating metal bolts
EP3177746A1 (en) * 2014-08-08 2017-06-14 I.C.M.I. S.r.l. Heating furnace for metal bars
CN115823883B (en) * 2022-12-13 2023-10-13 江苏东方成套设备制造集团有限公司 Pretreatment device of heating furnace

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE46965T1 (en) 1989-10-15
NO851948L (en) 1985-11-19
NO166289C (en) 1991-06-26
DE3418603C1 (en) 1985-03-21
US4620840A (en) 1986-11-04
EP0162013A3 (en) 1987-04-29
JPH0582450B2 (en) 1993-11-19
JPS619514A (en) 1986-01-17
DE3573470D1 (en) 1989-11-09
CA1233639A (en) 1988-03-08
EP0162013A2 (en) 1985-11-21
NO166289B (en) 1991-03-18

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