EP0162600B1 - Compositions de nettoyage - Google Patents

Compositions de nettoyage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0162600B1
EP0162600B1 EP85302875A EP85302875A EP0162600B1 EP 0162600 B1 EP0162600 B1 EP 0162600B1 EP 85302875 A EP85302875 A EP 85302875A EP 85302875 A EP85302875 A EP 85302875A EP 0162600 B1 EP0162600 B1 EP 0162600B1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
composition according
amphoteric
surfactant
composition
surfactants
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EP85302875A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0162600A1 (fr
Inventor
Eric Graham Fishlock-Lomax
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Cessione berol Nobel AB
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Fishlock-Lomax Eric Graham
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Priority to AT85302875T priority Critical patent/ATE37040T1/de
Publication of EP0162600A1 publication Critical patent/EP0162600A1/fr
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds
    • C11D1/94—Mixtures with anionic, cationic or non-ionic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
    • C11D1/00—Detergent compositions based essentially on surface-active compounds; Use of these compounds as a detergent
    • C11D1/88—Ampholytes; Electroneutral compounds

Definitions

  • This invention concerns compositions for cleaning a wide range of items including hard surfaces and soft goods such as textiles both for commercial and home use.
  • the invention is primarily concerned with liquid water-based cleaning compositions such as liquid detergents, carpet cleaners, dishwashing liquids and hard surface cleaners, but the same principles are equally applicable to solid compositions for example in powder form.
  • the invention thus provides a cleaning composition (preferably in liquid water-based form) which comprises at least two amphoteric surfactants and at least one non-ionic surfactant.
  • compositions may also contain additives conventionally included in cleaning formulations.
  • additives conventionally included in cleaning formulations.
  • other surfactant may be added for specific properties, for example to add bactericidal properties, to boost foam or to confer softening properties.
  • a further feature of this invention is the ease of incorporation of such additional surfactants without problems such as surfactant compatibility and stability of the formulation.
  • Other additives may include alkaline builders to improve detergency, chelating or sequestering agents to avoid problems with heavy metal ions, optical brightening agents, solvents, dyes and perfumes.
  • amphoteric surfactants are of the type having the general formula (I) where R is a C 8 _ 20 hyd.rocarbyl group, optionally substituted;
  • compositions of the invention contain one or more (first) amphoteric surfactant(s) in which z is 0 and one or more (second) amphoteric surfactant(s) in which z is 1.
  • R may for example be a straight or branched alkyl or alkenyl group; a or cycloalkyl-alkyl (e.g. cyclohexyl-alkyl) group; an aralkyl or aralkenyl group in which the alkyl or alkenyl portion contains at least 6 carbon atoms; or the hydrocarbyl portion of a resinic acid containing at least two fused rings, e.g. as in the tricyclic pine resin acids such as abietic acid.
  • B is an alkyl group, it may have 1-6, preferably 2-4, carbon atoms, and is preferably a straight chain group: Examples of such groups are methyl and ethyl.
  • the alkyl group may be substituted, for example by hydroxy, as 2-hydroxyethyl, or by amino.
  • the group Q may for example be of the formula -R2COOM where R 2 is a C 1 - 6 alkylene group (such as methylene or ethylene) and M is hydrogen or an alkali metal, alkaline earth metal, ammonium or substituted ammonium ion (e.g. mono-, di- ortri-hydroxyethylammonium). M is preferably sodium, and R 2 is preferably methylene.
  • the free -COOH group is considered equivalent to -COONa or -COOK and ammonium or amine or other carboxylic acid salts.
  • composition of this invention preferably contains a first amphoteric surfactant of formula (1) where R is a C 8 _ 20 hydrocarbyl group derived from coco or tallow fatty acids;
  • the first amphoteric surfactant examples include Deriphat 151, Deriphat 154, and the full sodium salts of Deriphat 151C, Deriphat 161C, Amphoram CP1, Diamphoram CP1, Triamphoram CP1, and Polyamphoram CP1 and Ampholak QTE (Deriphats@ available from Henkel, Amphorams@ from Ceca and Ampholak@ QTE from Amphoterics International Ltd.).
  • the second amphoteric surfactant examples include products classed as cocoamphoglycinate or cocoamphopropionate (and similar products made from the other fatty acids listed), or cocamphocarboxyglycinate or cocoamphocarboxypropionate (and similar products made from the other fatty acids listed), for example Miranol@ CM, C2M or C2MSF.
  • the relative (weight) concentrations of the two amphoteric surfactants used is from 90:10 to 10:90, preferably 3:1 to 2:1 (first amphoteric:second amphoteric).
  • the non-ionic surfactants used are preferably ethylene oxide or propylene oxide/ethylene oxide adducts of alkylphenols (e.g. nonylphenol) or long chain alcohols or alkylamines (e.g. C 12 - 14 alcohols or C 12-18 alkylamines).
  • the weight ratio of the principal amphoteric surfactants to the non-ionic surfactant(s) is generally from 10:1 to 1:2, preferably from 2.5:1 to 1.5:1 (e.g. about 2:1).
  • the non-ionic surfactant may for example be a nonylphenol-ethylene oxide adduct containing 6-12 moles ethylene oxide, a C 12 - 14 alcohol-ethylene oxide adduct containing 7-10 moles ethylene oxide, a C 12-18 alkylamine-ethylene oxide adduct containing 7-15 moles ethylene oxide or an equivalent ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer adduct.
  • a second non-ionic surfactant When a second non-ionic surfactant is included, it is may be of the same general type but is preferably more lipophilic than the main non-ionic surfactant.
  • the second material may for example be a nonylphenolethylene oxide adduct containing 4-6 moles ethylene oxide, a C 12 - 14 alcohol-ethylene oxide adduct containing 4-6 moles ethylene oxide, a C 12-18 alkylamineethylene oxide adduct containing 2-5 moles ethylene oxide or an equivalent ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer adduct.
  • a second non-ionic surfactant of this kind is generally used at a lower concentration than the first; for example, the weight ratio of the first to second surfactants may generally be from 100:1 to 60:40 or 70:30 in compositions containing a builder.
  • non-ionic surfactant is not as critical as in conventional detergent systems, for example as regards the balance of detergent properties and water solubility required particularly in built systems.
  • the amphoteric surfactants also solubilise the non-ionic surfactants in formulations containing a builder.
  • compositions may also contain, depending on the intended use, additives such as builders (e.g. sodium metasilicate (anhydrous or pentahydrate), tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, caustic soda or nitrilotriacetic acid), chelating or sequestering agents (e.g. trisodium nitrilotriacetic acid, tetrasodium ethylenediamine tetracetic acid and trisodium hydroxyethylethylenediamine triacetic acid), solvents (e.g. glycolethers such as butyl glycol ether, butyl cellosolve), fabric conditioners (e.g.
  • additives such as builders (e.g. sodium metasilicate (anhydrous or pentahydrate), tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, caustic soda or nitrilotriacetic acid), chelating or sequestering agents (e.g. trisodium nitrilotriacetic acid
  • quaternary ammonium salts such as a di-fatty (usually tallow) dimethylammonium chloride (e.g. Arquad@ 2 HT) or a di-fatty (usually tallow) imidazoline methosulphate or ethosulphate quaternary salt (e.g. Ammonyx@ 4080 (Millmaster-Onyx), Imisoft® 75 (M & S Chemicals) & Ampholak TQ (Amphoterics International)), foam boosters (such as alkyl betaines or amine oxides, e.g.
  • Emigen@ BB & BT Emigen@ BB & BT, Aromox@ DMDC (Akzo) and Empigen OB (Albright & Wilson), Ammonyx LO and CDO (Millmaster-Onyx)), bactericides (e.g. a bactericidal surfactant such as a benzalkonium chloride (e.g. Imiquat® BKC) or BTC 2125), optical brighteners (e.g. Tinopal@ CBS-X & Tinopal 5BMS-X (Ciba)), dyes and perfumes.
  • bactericides e.g. a bactericidal surfactant such as a benzalkonium chloride (e.g. Imiquat® BKC) or BTC 2125
  • optical brighteners e.g. Tinopal@ CBS-X & Tinopal 5BMS-X (Ciba)
  • dyes and perfumes e.g. a bactericidal
  • liquid systems may contain 1-40% of a builder, 1-20% chelating agent, 1-10% solvent, 1-5% fabric conditioner, 1-5% foam booster, 1-5% bactericide, 0.1-1 % optical brightener and 0.1-1 % dyes and/or perfumes (percentages herein are by weight unless otherwise stated).
  • Liquid compositions which do not contain a builder may for example contain up to 50% of the principal amphoteric surfactants and up to 25% non-ionic surfactants, e.g. up to 40% first amphoteric surfactant, up to 10% second amphoteric surfactant, up to 20% first non-ionic surfactant and up to 5% second non-ionic surfactant.
  • Liquids detergents of the invention may for example have the following compositions:
  • compositions can be varied widely within the above ranges.
  • the preferred concentration ranges refer to compositions of conventional dilution, but one of the advantages of the invention is that it offers the possibility of very highly concentrated solutions.
  • Such compositions may for example contain up to 35% (e.g. 20-35%) of the builder (e.g. sodium metasilicate), up to 90% (e.g. 10-50%) of the two principal amphoteric surfactants (e.g. 9-40% of the first type and 1-15% of the second type) and up to 15% (e.g. 3-15%) of non-ionic surfactant(s).
  • the builder e.g. sodium metasilicate
  • 90% e.g. 10-50%
  • the two principal amphoteric surfactants e.g. 9-40% of the first type and 1-15% of the second type
  • non-ionic surfactant(s) examples of such compositions are examples of such compositions.
  • Hard surface cleaners of the invention may for example have the following composition:
  • a hard surface cleaner was made using 4% of the first type of amphoteric (Ampolak YCE), 2% of the second type of amphoteric (e.g. cocoamphoglycinate) together with 2% nonyl phenol 9 mole ethoxylate and 1 % nonyl phenol 5.5 mole ethoxylate.
  • This basic surfactant composition together with builders such as sodium metasilicate pentahydrate or tetra potassium pyrophosphate (10%) gave excellent cleaning results.
  • a bactericide of the 'benzalkonium chloride'type (3%) as well as a solvent such as butyl glycol ether (3%). Higher concentrations of the same type of formulation were easily possible without loss of stability. The results obtained were such as to give considerably better performance that conventional hard surface cleaners.
  • a liquid laundry detergent was prepared using, as base surfactant composition, 16% of the first type of amphoteric and 4% of the second type of amphoteric (as in Example 1) together with 8% nonyl phenol 9 mole ethoxylate and 2% nonyl phenol 5.5 mole ethoxylate. This was formulated with 15% sodium metasilicate pentahydrate, 2% chelating agent (sodium nitrilotriacetic acid), and optional brighteners (0.4%), dye and perfume.
  • amphoteric surfactants used were calculated to be 30% active, the net active content of the surfactant base described was only about one quarter of the active content of the comparative conventional laundry detergent and functioned better when used at only half the dosage level of the latter under the same conditions.
  • Example 2 It was also found possible to prepare the compositions of Example 2 in more concentrated form, containing for example up to and over twice the stated concentrations of the various ingredients.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Composition de nettoyage caractérisée en ce qu'elle comprend au moins deux agents surfactifs ou tensioactifs amphotères et au moins un agent surfactif ou tensioactif non ionique, les agents surfactifs ou tensioactifs amphotères étant du type répondant à la formule générale (I)
Figure imgb0011
dans laquelle R représente un radical hydrocarbyle en C8 à C20, éventuellement substitué;
R' représente un atome d'hydrogène ou radical alkyle en C1 à C6;
B représente un atome d'hydrogène, un radical alkyle ou alkyle substitué, ou un radical Q tel que défini ci-dessous;
Q représente un groupement anionique;
x a une valeur qui varie de 2 à 6;
y a une valeur qui varie de 0 à 5;
z est égal à 0 ou à 1; et
n est égal à 0 ou à 1 (z étant égal à 0 lorsque n est égal à 1);
) la composition contenant au moins un premier agent surfactif ou tensioactif amphotère tel que défini ci-dessus, dans lequel z est égal à 0 et un second agent surfactif ou tensioactif amphotère tel que défini ci-dessus dans lequel z est égal à 1.
2. Composition suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que Q représente le groupement ―R2COOM où R2 représente un radical alkylène en C1―C6 et M représente un atome d'hydrogène ou un ion métal alcalin, métal alcalino-terreux, ammonium ou ammonium substitué.
3. Composition suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle contient un premier agent surfactif ou tensioactif amphotère de la formule (I) dans laquelle R représente un radical hydrocarbyle en C8 à C20 qui dérive d'acides gras de coco ou de suif;
R' représente un atome d'hydrogène,
B représente un atome d'hydrogène ou le groupement
Q tel que défini ci-dessous,
Q représente un groupement -CH2COONa ou -CH2CH2COONa,
x a une valeur qui varie de 2 à 4,
y a une valeur qui varie de 0 à 4,
z est égal à 0;
n est égal à 0; en combinaison avec un second agent surfactif ou tensioactif amphotère de la formule (I) dans laquelle:
R représente un radical hydrocarbyle en C8 à C20 qui dérive d'acides gras de coco, de tall oil ou de l'acide oléique,
R1 représente un atome d'hydrogène,
B représente un atome d'hydrogène, un radical hydroxyéthyle ou un groupement Q tel que défini ci-dessous,
Q représente un groupement -CH2COONa ou CH2CH2COONa,
x est égal à 2,
y est égal à 1,
z est égal à 1, et
n est égal à 0.
4. Composition suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle contient deux agents surfactifs ou tensioactifs non ioniques, parmi lesquels le second est plus lipophile que le premier et est présent en une concentration inférieure au premier.
5. Composition suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le rapport pondéral du premier agent surfactif ou tensioactif amphotère au second agent surfactif ou tensioactif amphotère varie de 3:1 à 2:1 et le rapport pondéral des premier et second agents surfactifs ou tensioactifs amphotères à l'agent ou aux agent(s) surfactif(s) ou tensioactif(s) non ionique(s) varie de 2,5:1 à 1,5:1.
6. Composition suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle contient un ou plusieurs adjuvants actifs, un ou plusieurs agents chélateurs ou séquestrants, un ou plusieurs solvants, un ou plusieurs agents de mise en condition des tissus, un ou plusieurs agents d'amplification de moussage, un ou plusieurs bactéricides, un ou plusieurs agents d'azurage optique, un ou plusieurs colorants ou un ou plusieurs parfums, à titre d'additifs.
7. Composition suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle se présente sous la forme d'une composition liquide à base d'eau.
8. Composition suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle se présente sous la forme d'un détergent liquide ayant la composition A ou B qui suit, en poids:
Figure imgb0012
9. Composition suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle se présente sous la forme d'un détergent liquide fortement concentré, contenant de 10 à 50% du premier et du second agents surfactifs ou tensioactifs amphotères, de 3 à 15% du ou des agents surfactifs ou tensioactifs non ioniques et de 20 à 35% de l'adjuvant de détergence, en poids.
10. Composition suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce qu'elle se présente sous la forme d'un agent de nettoyage de surfaces dures, ayant la composition A ou B qui suit, en poids:
Figure imgb0013
EP85302875A 1984-04-25 1985-04-24 Compositions de nettoyage Expired EP0162600B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85302875T ATE37040T1 (de) 1984-04-25 1985-04-24 Reinigungsmittelzusammensetzungen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB848410501A GB8410501D0 (en) 1984-04-25 1984-04-25 Cleaning compositions
GB8410501 1984-04-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0162600A1 EP0162600A1 (fr) 1985-11-27
EP0162600B1 true EP0162600B1 (fr) 1988-09-07

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EP (1) EP0162600B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE37040T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU573335B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1303453C (fr)
DE (1) DE3564820D1 (fr)
GB (1) GB8410501D0 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA853104B (fr)

Families Citing this family (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8410503D0 (en) * 1984-04-25 1984-05-31 Fishlock Lomax E G Shampoo compositions
GB8522413D0 (en) * 1985-09-10 1985-10-16 Amphoterics International Ltd Surfactants
SE463211B (sv) * 1987-10-26 1990-10-22 Berol Nobel Ab Tvaettmedelskomposition innehaallande en kombination av amfotaer foerening och zeolit
SE8802506L (sv) * 1988-07-05 1990-01-06 Berol Nobel Nacka Ab Nya foereningar deras framstaellning och anvaendning
US5156761A (en) * 1988-07-20 1992-10-20 Dorrit Aaslyng Method of stabilizing an enzymatic liquid detergent composition
US5500151A (en) * 1988-10-07 1996-03-19 Colgate-Palmolive Co. Heavy duty fabric softening laundry detergent composition
ATE162849T1 (de) * 1989-11-06 1998-02-15 Colgate Palmolive Co Weichmachende vollwaschmittelzusammensetzung für wäsche
SE8904177D0 (sv) * 1989-12-11 1989-12-11 Berol Nobel Nacka Ab Tvaettmedelskomposition
SE469428B (sv) * 1991-11-21 1993-07-05 Berol Nobel Ab Flytande diskmedelskomposition innehaallande anjonisk tensid och en kombination av tre typer av amfotaera foereningar
US5269974A (en) * 1992-09-01 1993-12-14 The Procter & Gamble Company Liquid or gel dishwashing detergent composition containing alkyl amphocarboxylic acid and magnesium or calcium ions
JPH08507824A (ja) * 1993-03-19 1996-08-20 ザ、プロクター、エンド、ギャンブル、カンパニー 浴室用酸性液体洗剤組成物
US5384063A (en) * 1993-03-19 1995-01-24 The Procter & Gamble Company Acidic liquid detergent compositions for bathrooms
US5399280A (en) * 1993-07-22 1995-03-21 The Procter & Gamble Company Acidic liquid detergent compositions for bathrooms
WO1995013345A1 (fr) * 1993-11-12 1995-05-18 The Procter & Gamble Company Compositions detergentes liquides pour surfaces dures contenant un agent tensioactif detergent amphotere ainsi qu'un parfum
US5869441A (en) * 1997-06-05 1999-02-09 Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Bar compositions comprising novel chelating surfactants
US5801139A (en) * 1997-06-05 1998-09-01 Lever Brothers Company, Division Of Conopco, Inc. Process for making bar compositions comprising novel chelating surfactants
DE10343730A1 (de) * 2003-09-22 2005-04-21 Clariant Gmbh Hochkonzentrierte wässrige Lösung amphoterer Tenside

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB8410503D0 (en) * 1984-04-25 1984-05-31 Fishlock Lomax E G Shampoo compositions

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE37040T1 (de) 1988-09-15
GB8410501D0 (en) 1984-05-31
AU573335B2 (en) 1988-06-02
DE3564820D1 (en) 1988-10-13
ZA853104B (en) 1985-12-24
AU4168985A (en) 1985-10-31
CA1303453C (fr) 1992-06-16
EP0162600A1 (fr) 1985-11-27

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