EP0163906A2 - Procédé et four sous vide pour le traitement thermique d'une charge - Google Patents

Procédé et four sous vide pour le traitement thermique d'une charge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0163906A2
EP0163906A2 EP85104965A EP85104965A EP0163906A2 EP 0163906 A2 EP0163906 A2 EP 0163906A2 EP 85104965 A EP85104965 A EP 85104965A EP 85104965 A EP85104965 A EP 85104965A EP 0163906 A2 EP0163906 A2 EP 0163906A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heating chamber
batch
gas
heating
fan
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85104965A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0163906A3 (en
EP0163906B1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Schmetz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Schmetz GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Schmetz GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6235193&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0163906(A2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Schmetz GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Schmetz GmbH and Co KG
Priority to AT85104965T priority Critical patent/ATE37201T1/de
Publication of EP0163906A2 publication Critical patent/EP0163906A2/fr
Publication of EP0163906A3 publication Critical patent/EP0163906A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0163906B1 publication Critical patent/EP0163906B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B2005/062—Cooling elements
    • F27B2005/064—Cooling elements disposed in the furnace, around the chamber, e.g. coils
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/14—Arrangements of heating devices
    • F27B2005/143—Heating rods disposed in the chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F27B2005/161—Gas inflow or outflow
    • F27B2005/162—Gas inflow or outflow through closable or non-closable openings of the chamber walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B5/00—Muffle furnaces; Retort furnaces; Other furnaces in which the charge is held completely isolated
    • F27B5/06—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B5/16—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F27B2005/166—Means to circulate the atmosphere
    • F27B2005/167—Means to circulate the atmosphere the atmosphere being recirculated through the treatment chamber by a turbine

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the heat treatment of a batch of metallic workpieces or a single workpiece in a closable and evacuable container.
  • the invention further relates to a vacuum furnace for carrying out the method with a closable steel container and an internal heating chamber for receiving the batch, with a heating device located within the heating chamber and with a gas blower and a gas guide device for generating a circulation flow through the heating chamber.
  • the object of the invention is accordingly to provide a method for the heat treatment of a batch, which enables faster heating and with which a uniform heat distribution within the batch is achieved at the same time.
  • the object of the invention is also to propose a vacuum oven suitable for carrying out this method.
  • the first-mentioned object is achieved according to the invention in that the container is evacuated after the batch is inserted and flooded with protective gas, the batch is then heated by heating and gas circulation up to the maximum permissible working temperature of the circulating device and then essentially with static protective gas or under vacuum heated by radiant heat to a desired final temperature of the heat treatment becomes.
  • the batch is heated in a first stage by hot gas circulation, i.e. essentially by convection heat up to a temperature permissible for the circulation device, and in a subsequent second stage either under static protective gas or under vacuum, essentially by radiant heat to the desired final temperature.
  • hot gas circulation i.e. essentially by convection heat up to a temperature permissible for the circulation device
  • second stage either under static protective gas or under vacuum, essentially by radiant heat to the desired final temperature.
  • the circulating device is protected in a suitable manner against the effects of the higher temperatures.
  • the invention is based on a vacuum furnace with a lockable steel container and an internal heating chamber for receiving the batch, with a heating device located within the heating chamber and with a gas blower and a gas guide device for generating a circulation flow through the heating chamber.
  • the heating chamber can be closed according to the invention with the exclusion of the gas blower for heating the batch in the second stage.
  • Such a vacuum furnace is flooded with protective gas in the first treatment stage.
  • This protective gas is circulated with the aid of the fan of the gas blower projecting into the heating chamber and the gas guiding device in the boiler room in such a way that the energy from the heating elements is also transmitted convectively to the batch to be heated in addition to radiation.
  • the maximum working temperature of the fan is reached, it is moved out of the heating chamber and the opening is closed by a slide.
  • the batch can be heated to the desired final temperature either under a protective gas atmosphere or - after another evacuation - under vacuum.
  • a vacuum shaft furnace with vertical loading was chosen for the description of an exemplary embodiment.
  • This furnace consists of a cylindrical lower part 1, which stands on the floor with a support structure 2, and an upper part 3, which is detachably connected to the lower part 1 in the parting plane 4.
  • On top 3 is on the top of a hood 5 attached by means of a flange connection.
  • a lifting and swiveling device 6 is provided which rests on the floor with one foot and is connected to the lower part 1 on its side wall.
  • Lower part 1 and upper part 3 consist of sheet steel and form a vacuum-tight container in the operating position.
  • a likewise cylindrical heating chamber 7 is arranged in the interior of this container, the walls of which are equipped with a thermal insulation layer 8.
  • the bottom 9 of the heating chamber 7 can be lowered. It rests on the ends of piston rods of lifting cylinders 10 which are fastened in the bottom of the lower furnace part 1. With the aid of the lifting cylinders, the base 9 can be moved from the closed position into an open position and vice versa, as is shown in the two half-sections in FIG. 1.
  • a support grate 12 is provided in the interior of the heating chamber 7, which is supported on the bottom of the lower part 1 by means of a support structure 13 consisting essentially of vertical supports.
  • a support structure 13 consisting essentially of vertical supports.
  • openings are contained in which the vertical supports of the support structure 13 are slidably guided.
  • cooling tubes 14 are arranged, for example in the form of a spiral made of finned tubes. Inside the heating chamber 7 there are heating elements 15, for example electrical resistance heating elements, near the inner lateral surface. Furthermore, a gas guiding device 16 is provided in the interior of the heating chamber 7 and is located in the space between the heating elements 15 and the charge 11. This gas pipe device is guided upwards like a hood to the center, a central opening 17 being left open.
  • a slide 25 is provided which, like the wall of the heating chamber 7, is equipped with a heat insulation layer. This slide 25 can be moved back and forth from the operating position shown in FIG. 2 into a lateral rest position.
  • a laterally projecting nozzle 26 is formed on the upper part 3.
  • the subsequent cooling is again carried out with gas circulation.
  • the slide 25 is opened and the fan motor 18 is lowered into the intermediate position shown in the right half section of FIG. 1.
  • the bottom 9 of the heating chamber 7 is further lowered, as is also shown in the right half section of FIG. 1.
  • the gas is now again ventilated with the help of the fan 19 into a circulation flow upwards out of the heating chamber 7 into the space between the heating chamber 7 and the lower part 1 past the cooling tubes 14 and here into the interior of the heating chamber 7 set back.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Details (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)
  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
EP85104965A 1984-05-08 1985-04-24 Procédé et four sous vide pour le traitement thermique d'une charge Expired EP0163906B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85104965T ATE37201T1 (de) 1984-05-08 1985-04-24 Verfahren und vakuumofen zur waermebehandlung einer charge.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3416902 1984-05-08
DE19843416902 DE3416902A1 (de) 1984-05-08 1984-05-08 Verfahren und vakuumofen zur waermebehandlung einer charge

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0163906A2 true EP0163906A2 (fr) 1985-12-11
EP0163906A3 EP0163906A3 (en) 1986-08-20
EP0163906B1 EP0163906B1 (fr) 1988-09-14

Family

ID=6235193

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85104965A Expired EP0163906B1 (fr) 1984-05-08 1985-04-24 Procédé et four sous vide pour le traitement thermique d'une charge

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (2) US4612064A (fr)
EP (1) EP0163906B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE37201T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3416902A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0313889A1 (fr) * 1987-10-28 1989-05-03 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Four sous vide pour le traitement à chaud de pièces métalliques
WO2007048664A1 (fr) * 2005-10-27 2007-05-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé et installation pour la transformation à sec d’une structure de matériau de produits semi-finis

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3736501C1 (de) * 1987-10-28 1988-06-09 Degussa Verfahren zur Waermebehandlung metallischer Werkstuecke
US5121903A (en) * 1991-03-11 1992-06-16 Vacuum Furnace Systems Corporation Quenching arrangement for a furnace
DE4400326C2 (de) * 1994-01-07 2002-10-31 Ald Vacuum Techn Ag Vorrichtung zum Härten metallischer Werkstücke
DE19615609C2 (de) * 1996-04-19 1998-03-19 Hoffmann Foerdertechnik Gmbh W Hakengeschirr
US5783001A (en) * 1996-11-14 1998-07-21 Ethicon, Inc. Process for the heat treatment of surgical needles by aging
DE19741837B4 (de) * 1997-09-23 2006-04-27 Robert Bosch Gmbh Hochtemperatur-Ofenanlage und Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung von Materialien
US7598477B2 (en) * 2005-02-07 2009-10-06 Guy Smith Vacuum muffle quench furnace
DE102005045783A1 (de) * 2005-09-23 2007-03-29 Sistem Teknik Endustriyel Elektronik Sistemler Sanayi Ve Ticaret Ltd. Sirketi Einkammer-Vakuumofen mit Wasserstoffabschreckung
US7531769B2 (en) * 2006-06-13 2009-05-12 Guy Smith Carbon fiber composite muffle
DE202008009980U1 (de) * 2008-07-24 2008-10-16 Ipsen International Gmbh Retortenofen zur Wärmebehandlung von metallischen Werkstücken
US10436512B1 (en) * 2016-07-28 2019-10-08 Thomas Wingens Base component for a thermoprocessing system, a thermoprocessing system, and a thermoprocessing method

Family Cites Families (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR915158A (fr) * 1938-11-15 1946-10-29 Wild Barfield Electr Furnaces Perfectionnement aux appareils pour le traitement thermique des matériaux
DE877153C (de) * 1951-01-28 1953-05-21 Pilling & Co W Verfahren zum Betrieb von Gluehoefen
US3301541A (en) * 1964-06-12 1967-01-31 The Illinois National Bank Co Heat treating furnace with circulated gas quench
DE1259919B (de) * 1964-06-12 1968-02-01 Harold Norregard Ipsen Ofen zur Waermebehandlung von Werkstuecken aus Metall
GB1161603A (en) * 1965-12-30 1969-08-13 Nemo Heat Treat S Ltd Improvements relating to Heat Treatment Furnaces
US3565410A (en) * 1968-09-06 1971-02-23 Midland Ross Corp Vacuum furnace
DE1919493C3 (de) * 1969-04-17 1980-05-08 Ipsen Industries International Gmbh, 4190 Kleve Atmosphären-Vakuumofen
FR2153560A5 (en) * 1971-09-15 1973-05-04 Ropion Robert Vacuum furnace - in which the charge is cooled by a turbine which is not damaged by high temps
BE795780A (fr) * 1972-02-23 1973-08-22 Ugine Infra Four de traitement thermique a selecteur d'operations
DE2501360B2 (de) * 1975-01-15 1978-12-07 Ipsen Industries International Gmbh, 4190 Kleve Vakuum-Atmosphärenofen zur Wärmebehandlung von Werkstücken
US4030712A (en) * 1975-02-05 1977-06-21 Alco Standard Corporation Method and apparatus for circulating a heat treating gas
US4009872A (en) * 1976-06-25 1977-03-01 Alco Standard Corporation Energy-conserving, fast-cooling heat treating furnace
JPS5354136A (en) * 1976-10-28 1978-05-17 Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Vacuum carburizing furnace
JPS57188613A (en) * 1981-05-18 1982-11-19 Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The Air flow type electric furnace
DE3208574A1 (de) * 1982-03-10 1983-09-22 Schmetz Industrieofenbau und Vakuum-Hartlöttechnik KG, 5750 Menden "vakuum-schachtofen"

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0313889A1 (fr) * 1987-10-28 1989-05-03 Degussa Aktiengesellschaft Four sous vide pour le traitement à chaud de pièces métalliques
WO2007048664A1 (fr) * 2005-10-27 2007-05-03 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé et installation pour la transformation à sec d’une structure de matériau de produits semi-finis
US8715566B2 (en) 2005-10-27 2014-05-06 Robert Bosch Gmbh Method and installation for the dry transformation of a material structure of semifinished products

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4709904A (en) 1987-12-01
EP0163906A3 (en) 1986-08-20
DE3564965D1 (en) 1988-10-20
EP0163906B1 (fr) 1988-09-14
US4612064A (en) 1986-09-16
DE3416902A1 (de) 1985-11-14
ATE37201T1 (de) 1988-09-15

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