EP0164566A2 - Dispositif de sécurité pour réservoirs de gaz liquéfié - Google Patents

Dispositif de sécurité pour réservoirs de gaz liquéfié Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0164566A2
EP0164566A2 EP85105565A EP85105565A EP0164566A2 EP 0164566 A2 EP0164566 A2 EP 0164566A2 EP 85105565 A EP85105565 A EP 85105565A EP 85105565 A EP85105565 A EP 85105565A EP 0164566 A2 EP0164566 A2 EP 0164566A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
pressure
tank
safety device
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85105565A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0164566A3 (fr
Inventor
Gastechnik Gmbh Lga
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0164566A2 publication Critical patent/EP0164566A2/fr
Publication of EP0164566A3 publication Critical patent/EP0164566A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/12—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures
    • F17C13/123—Arrangements or mounting of devices for preventing or minimising the effect of explosion ; Other safety measures for gas bottles, cylinders or reservoirs for tank vehicles or for railway tank wagons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0326—Valves electrically actuated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0382—Constructional details of valves, regulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a safety device for liquid gas tanks, with a pressure relief valve opening when a response pressure is reached in the tank, a control line for opening the pressure relief valve at a tank pressure below the response pressure and with at least one shut-off device that opens at high outside temperatures and the control line with a defined pressure connects to open the pressure relief valve.
  • the pressure relief valve is provided with a spring-loaded pilot valve, which opens in the event of overpressure in the tank and thereby causes the pressure relief valve to open.
  • the pressure relief valve has a relief connection, which is normally shut off and, when shut off, permits the described functions of the pressure relief valve and pilot valve.
  • the relief port becomes depressurized, the pressure relief valve is forcibly opened so that gas flows out of the tank through the pressure relief valve.
  • Several fuses are inserted in parallel between the relief connection and an unpressurized outlet line. These fuses are fire detectors that open depending on the temperature.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a safety device of the type mentioned, which makes it possible to operate the tank at a high fill rate without the risk that the permissible fill level is exceeded in the event of fire.
  • the shut-off device is in series with a valve which is controlled by a sensor which can be activated by temperature increases in the liquid gas.
  • the safety device enables tank fillings to be permitted up to the maximum permissible level of 98% of the tank volume. If the tank is heated by sunlight or other usual influences and the liquid expands, the re-liquefaction system ensures sufficient cooling and reduction of the liquid volume; the safety device then does not respond.
  • the safety device according to the invention only functions in the event of a fire. It prevents the blow-off from starting when the filling volume e.g. is less than 98% and at the same time there is no response pressure for the pressure relief valve.
  • the thermal energy flowing into the cargo initially causes the cargo to increase in temperature and volume.
  • the safety device according to the invention has the advantage that it only functions in the event of a fire, and only then if the maximum permissible fill level is exceeded at the same time, which is queried either directly via a fill level detector or indirectly via a pressure detector or Cargot temperature detector.
  • the safety device which can also be called level control in the event of a fire, therefore only functions in the event of a fire.
  • the reliquefaction system functions as a system for "98% level control" by keeping the temperature constant or reducing it.
  • the above-mentioned criteria, high outside temperature and increased inside temperature in the tank are linked in the manner of an AND condition.
  • the sensor can be a level detector, a pressure detector or a temperature detector. If the liquid gas is contained in the tank at a certain target temperature, the saturation pressure of the liquid gas is set in the tank at this temperature. If the temperature rises, the volume of the liquid gas and the tank pressure increase at the same time.
  • the pressure relief valve is preferably a pilot-controlled valve which has a relief connection which is connected to the control line. It is possible here to open the pressure relief valve in a particularly simple manner by depressurizing the relief line.
  • the pressure relief valve has a spring-loaded valve plate and a piston-cylinder unit, which is connected to the control line, also acts on the valve plate. Due to the pressure in the control line In addition to the valve spring, the piston-cylinder unit acts on the valve plate, reducing the force of the valve spring. In this way, depending on the pressure in the control line, the pressure relief valve can be opened by the support of the piston-cylinder unit at a pressure which is lower than the response pressure.
  • the safety device has to respond even at a relatively low tank pressure.
  • Large diaphragms or pistons are required to generate a sufficiently high actuating force at a low pressure.
  • the series connection of the valve and the shut-off element is connected to a separate pressure source. This pressure source provides the pressure required to adjust the valve or to adjust a piston-cylinder unit to open the pressure relief valve.
  • the senor for controlling the valve has an auxiliary valve which connects a control connection of the valve in one position to a separate pressure source and in the other position to the outside air.
  • the shut-off device is a temperature-controlled valve.
  • the function of such a valve is reversible, i.e. if the temperature drops again after a fire, the valve closes again. The consequence of this is that the safety device automatically returns to the normal state after a temperature increase by being ready for operation.
  • the safety device according to the invention is particularly suitable for use on tankers where high demands are made on fire detection and the details of the countermeasures.
  • the tank in FIG. 1 is filled to 98% of its volume with liquid gas 11, which has a low temperature.
  • the pilot-controlled pressure relief valve 13 is attached to a hood 12 in the roof wall of the tank 10.
  • the pressure relief valve 13 contains a pilot valve 13 'which is set by a spring to a specific response pressure. When this pressure in the tank 10 is exceeded, the pressure relief valve 13 releases the connection from the inlet 14 to the outlet 15 and the gas flows into the outlet line 16, which is depressurized and leads to the surroundings.
  • the pilot valve has a relief connection 17 which causes the pressure relief valve 13 to open when it is depressurized.
  • This relief connection 17 is connected to a control line 32, which contains a manually operable valve 18, a float-controlled valve 19 and a temperature-controlled shut-off element 20, which are all connected in series, and is connected to the outlet line 16.
  • the float-controlled valve 19 is part of the level detector 21, which also has a float 22.
  • the float 22 is vertically movable in a tube or cage 23 and carries an upwardly projecting pin 24 which abuts a membrane 25 on the underside of the valve 19 when the maximum fill level of 98% of the tank volume is exceeded.
  • a further pin 26 protrudes upwards, which abuts the valve body 27 and lifts it against its action against the action of the spring 28, so that the valve 19 opens when the float 22 rises.
  • the line 29 coming from the valve 18 is connected to the line 30, which leads to the temperature-controlled shut-off device 20.
  • the shut-off device 20 has a temperature sensor 31 which, for example, consists of a container which contains a fluid and is closed off by a membrane. When the temperature rises, the fluid (liquid or gas) expands and shifts the membrane, which opens a valve. If the temperature then drops, the fluid contracts again and the valve closes.
  • the shut-off element 20 is designed such that it opens in the event of the temperature sensor 31 being destroyed.
  • the manually adjustable valve 18 is normally open and sealed in this state.
  • the valve 19 and the shut-off device 20 are both open. If the liquid level in the tank then drops below the permissible maximum value, and accordingly the valve 19 closes again and / or the temperature drops, as a result of which the shut-off element 20 closes, the blow-off is stopped immediately since the control line 17 is shut off by the closing valve .
  • the level of the float 22 is expediently adjustable in order to be able to take into account different immersion depths with different specific weights of the liquids.
  • the functionality of the safety device can be monitored during operation in that the float 22 is raised and the temperature-dependent shut-off device 20 is heated.
  • the float 22 which is guided vertically displaceably in a tube or cage 23, has an upstanding rod 33 which is connected to an essentially horizontal rod 34 via a joint.
  • a tubular connecting piece 35 is provided, the opening of which is sealed by a wall 36 in the form of a pressure-resistant membrane.
  • the wall 36 is clamped between a flange of the socket 35 and a flange of a cap 37 which is placed against the socket from the outside.
  • the valve 19, which connects the lines 29 and 30 to one another when the level of the liquid gas 11 rises above 98% of the tank volume, is protected inside the cap 37.
  • the lines 29 and 30 lead through openings in the cap 37.
  • the rod 34 which is mounted in the wall 36, forms a two-armed lever.
  • the float 22 engages on one lever arm and the other lever arm actuates the valve 19 inside the cap 37.
  • a pilot-controlled pressure relief valve 13 is also provided on the hood 12 of the tank.
  • the relief line 17 of the pressure relief valve is connected to the control line 32, which contains the valve 19 and the shut-off element 20 in series connection and is connected to the outlet line 16.
  • the valve 19 is controlled by the pressure detector 38.
  • This pressure detector is connected to the inside of the tank 12 via a pipeline 39. It has a prestressed membrane 40, which Valve 19 controls. When the tank pressure is low, the valve 19 shuts off the control line 32. If the tank pressure rises above the set limit value, then the membrane 40 adjusts the valve 19 such that it switches through.
  • the shut-off device 20 in the present case consists of a fuse which blocks the control line 32 and which is arranged in the vicinity of the tank.
  • FIG. 4 is the same as that of FIG. 3, except that the valve 19 is not controlled by a pressure detector but by a temperature detector 41.
  • the temperature detector 41 has in the interior of the tank a container 42 which is filled with a medium which expands when heated and which is connected via a capillary tube 43 to a space which is delimited by the membrane 40. This space is like the capillary tube 43 filled with the medium mentioned.
  • the medium expands and displaces the diaphragm 40, which in turn brings the VEN t 'il 19 in the open position.
  • the switchover temperature can be determined by suitable preloading of the membrane 40.
  • Fig. 5 shows an embodiment in which the control line 32 is connected to the relief port 17, which contains a series connection of the valve 19 and the shut-off device 20 and whose other end is connected to the outlet line 16.
  • the valve 19 is controlled by an auxiliary valve 44, the inlet line 45 of which is connected via a pressure reducing valve 46 to a compressed gas source 47, for example a nitrogen bottle.
  • a safety valve 48 and a pressure manometer 49 are also connected to the inlet line 45.
  • the auxiliary valve 44 is controlled by a membrane 50. The space delimited by the membrane 50 is connected to the inside of the tank 10 via a pipeline 39.
  • the auxiliary valve 44 is controlled depending on the tank pressure.
  • the auxiliary valve 44 connects the inlet line 45 to the outlet line 45 '.
  • the pressure of the input line 45 reaches the pressure-controlled valve 19, which is held in the blocking state against the action of the spring 51 and blocks the control line 32.
  • the auxiliary valve vents line 45 ', ie line 45 1 is connected to the atmosphere.
  • the spring 51 now pushes the valve 19 into the open position.
  • the valve 19 is also brought into the open position when the pressure of the pressure source 47 drops, ie when the nitrogen bottle is empty. In this case there is no pressure to keep the spring 51 compressed.
  • the auxiliary valve 44 and the pressure source 47 was explained using an example in which the sensor is a pressure detector 38.
  • the pressure detector 38 could also be replaced by a level detector or a temperature detector.
  • a pressure relief valve 52 is provided, the valve body of which is pressed against its seat by a spring 53.
  • a rod 54 which is connected to the piston 55 of a piston-cylinder unit 56, also acts on the valve body.
  • the piston-cylinder unit 56 is pressurized via the line 57, the force of the piston 55 counteracts the force of the spring 53 via the rod 54, so that the pressure relief valve 52 responds at a lower pressure.
  • the force of the tank pressure which acts against the valve plate of the pressure relief valve 52, is thus supported by the pressure in line 57.
  • Line 57 is connected to the control line 32 containing the valve 19 and the shut-off element 20.
  • the valve 19 is controlled by the pressure sensor 38, which is designed in the manner already described above and responds to the tank pressure. When the tank pressure is low, the valve 19 locks, while when the tank pressure is high, the valve 19 is opened.
  • the control line 32 is - in contrast to the previously described exemplary embodiments - connected to the pressure source 47 via the pressure reducing valve 46.
  • a temperature detector or a poll level detector can also be used to control the valve 19 instead of a pressure detector 38.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
EP85105565A 1984-05-11 1985-05-07 Dispositif de sécurité pour réservoirs de gaz liquéfié Withdrawn EP0164566A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3417440 1984-05-11
DE3417440 1984-05-11

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0164566A2 true EP0164566A2 (fr) 1985-12-18
EP0164566A3 EP0164566A3 (fr) 1986-10-29

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EP85105565A Withdrawn EP0164566A3 (fr) 1984-05-11 1985-05-07 Dispositif de sécurité pour réservoirs de gaz liquéfié

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0213593B1 (fr) * 1985-08-29 1991-04-10 Ciba-Geigy Ag Promoteurs répressibles de levure
WO1994025541A1 (fr) * 1993-05-03 1994-11-10 Den Norske Stats Oljeselskap A.S. Dispositif pour recuperer les gaz excedentaires se formant dans une installation de traitement de petrole et de gaz
US9156899B2 (en) 2008-09-26 2015-10-13 Eli Lilly And Company Modified animal erythropoietin polypeptides and their uses

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2564295A (en) * 1946-07-30 1951-08-14 Phillips Petroleum Co Relieving pressure vessels when subjected to high temperatures
US2767552A (en) * 1955-03-11 1956-10-23 Henry H Clute Fill valve for liquefied petroleum gas tanks
GB1264119A (fr) * 1968-05-10 1972-02-16
US3638442A (en) * 1968-08-01 1972-02-01 Almac Cryogenics Inc Cryogenic liquid level control
US3583432A (en) * 1969-03-20 1971-06-08 Anderson Greenwood & Co Pilot operated pressure-vacuum relief valves
DE2731804C3 (de) * 1977-07-14 1982-01-28 Cryogas Technik Ingenieurgesellschaft für thermische Verfahren mbH, 5000 Köln Sicherheitseinrichtung für Tanks für verflüssigtes Gas
US4334410A (en) * 1980-12-03 1982-06-15 Huguette Drumare Tank designed to contain a liquefied gas
FR2524960B1 (fr) * 1982-04-13 1986-01-17 Framatome Sa Dispositif autonome d'assistance d'une soupape de securite

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0213593B1 (fr) * 1985-08-29 1991-04-10 Ciba-Geigy Ag Promoteurs répressibles de levure
WO1994025541A1 (fr) * 1993-05-03 1994-11-10 Den Norske Stats Oljeselskap A.S. Dispositif pour recuperer les gaz excedentaires se formant dans une installation de traitement de petrole et de gaz
GB2293000A (en) * 1993-05-03 1996-03-13 Norske Stats Oljeselskap Device for recovering excess gas in a plant for the treatment of oil and gas
GB2293000B (en) * 1993-05-03 1997-05-28 Norske Stats Oljeselskap Device for recovering excess gas in a plant for the treatment of oil and gas
US6045659A (en) * 1993-05-03 2000-04-04 Den Norske Stats Oijeselkap A.S. Device for recovery of excess gas in an oil/gas treatment plant
US9156899B2 (en) 2008-09-26 2015-10-13 Eli Lilly And Company Modified animal erythropoietin polypeptides and their uses

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0164566A3 (fr) 1986-10-29

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