EP0166228A2 - Installation pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé du moulage en moules pleins - Google Patents

Installation pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé du moulage en moules pleins Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0166228A2
EP0166228A2 EP85106440A EP85106440A EP0166228A2 EP 0166228 A2 EP0166228 A2 EP 0166228A2 EP 85106440 A EP85106440 A EP 85106440A EP 85106440 A EP85106440 A EP 85106440A EP 0166228 A2 EP0166228 A2 EP 0166228A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
molding
molding material
box
base plate
molding box
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85106440A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0166228A3 (en
EP0166228B1 (fr
Inventor
Fridolin Bissinger
Erich Krzyzanowski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Saint Gobain Isover G+H AG
Original Assignee
Gruenzweig und Hartmann und Glasfaser AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gruenzweig und Hartmann und Glasfaser AG filed Critical Gruenzweig und Hartmann und Glasfaser AG
Priority to AT85106440T priority Critical patent/ATE36476T1/de
Publication of EP0166228A2 publication Critical patent/EP0166228A2/fr
Publication of EP0166228A3 publication Critical patent/EP0166228A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0166228B1 publication Critical patent/EP0166228B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C21/00—Flasks; Accessories therefor
    • B22C21/01—Flasks; Accessories therefor for vacuum-sealed moulding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C11/00—Moulding machines characterised by the relative arrangement of the parts of same
    • B22C11/02—Machines in which the moulds are moved during a cycle of successive operations
    • B22C11/04—Machines in which the moulds are moved during a cycle of successive operations by a horizontal rotary table or carrier
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
    • B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
    • B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
    • B22C9/046—Use of patterns which are eliminated by the liquid metal in the mould
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D47/00—Casting plants
    • B22D47/02—Casting plants for both moulding and casting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for carrying out the full mold casting process with several mold boxes, in which gasified models are surrounded by granular molding material under the action of the poured melt, which is loosened with compressed air during molding of the models and during demolding of the castings and solidified under vacuum during the casting process , wherein each molding space of the molding box is connected via these at least partially delimiting partitions with chambers for the gaseous working media, and in which the molding box can be moved with a rotating, intermittently controlled means of transport which has several work stations.
  • Such a device is known from CH-PS 524 415.
  • the molding boxes used in this known device each have a one-piece base plate made of sintered metal, which divides the molding space of the molding box filled with molding material from an underlying prechamber, which can be acted upon alternately with compressed air or with a vacuum at the individual work stations.
  • a device for carrying out the full molding process in which a molded box provided with a gas-permeable base plate is used, in which additionally the nocn Sidewalls are gas permeable.
  • the majority of the combustion gases produced during casting are to be removed via the gas-permeable side walls provided here, so that only small amounts of hot gases can get into the vacuum pump via the base plate.
  • the base plate made of sintered metal has a comparatively low flow resistance, so that the flow resistance of the compressed air rising overall in the molding space is mainly determined by the flow resistance of the molding material. If the molding material is present in the mold space at different bed heights at the start of the compressed air supply, the compressed air introduced seeks the path of least resistance, for example in the region of a depression on the surface of the molding material, while molding material accumulations in the molding space are no longer sufficient to form the fluidized bed be flowed through. There there are confusing flow conditions in the base plate as a result of locally different flow resistances, especially after a long period of use, for example if gases extracted through the base plate impede the flow through deposits in the sintered material of the base plate.
  • the invention begins, which is based on the object of providing a device for carrying out the full mold casting process, with which it is possible to produce medium-sized castings, such as e.g. Cylinder heads of water-cooled four-cylinder automotive engines or cast grapes, largely automated economically to manufacture by the full mold casting process, while at the same time a complete whirling of the molding material must be guaranteed when the compressed air is introduced even with a long period of operation.
  • medium-sized castings such as e.g. Cylinder heads of water-cooled four-cylinder automotive engines or cast grapes
  • each work step can be precisely defined at the individual work stations. Furthermore, there is no danger that the gas-permeable partition walls used in connection with the production of a fluidized bed will clog after a short time; the latter furthermore requires that the intensity of the loosening of the molding material remains precisely controllable in the long term, thus ensuring reliable automation. This in turn results in the advantage that the molding material can remain in the molding box after the casting has been removed from the mold, since it can be cooled in a simple manner at several work stations by re-blowing compressed air.
  • the mold box must therefore not be completely emptied as usual after removal from the mold, so that it is sufficient to fix it with the To connect means of transport, that is, an automatic tilting device for the molding box can be saved. It should also be emphasized that with a stationary arrangement, the dust that otherwise arises when the molding box is dumped is advantageously not produced here.
  • a suction device is provided at the demolding work station for a partial removal of the molding material from the molding box.
  • a further significant improvement of the device according to the preamble of claim 4 takes place in that a perforated plate with a flow resistance which is preferably higher than the base plate is provided below the bottom plate of each molding box.
  • a perforated plate with a flow resistance which is preferably higher than the base plate is provided below the bottom plate of each molding box.
  • the device for carrying out the full mold casting process essentially consists of a rotary system 1 which forms a closed system in the sense of the working steps. It has a stand 3 resting on a base plate 2, on which a turntable 5 is rotatably mounted with a bearing ring 4. In the present example, nine molding boxes are attached to the turntable 5 at the same distance and cannot be tilted.
  • a drive shaft 7 of an electric motor 8 meshes with a non-rotatable ring gear 9 of the turntable 5.
  • the electric motor 8 the rotary movement of the turntable 5 is controlled intermittently by control means, not shown, in such a way that a respective Molding box 6 at the work stations labeled A to J in FIG. 1 makes timed stops.
  • the molding steps take place, i.e. Create a fluidized bed, then fill the remaining molding material into the molding box and finally pour.
  • the filling takes place with the aid of a filling device, not shown, which is symbolized by the arrow 10.
  • the work steps solidify, but the number can be expanded.
  • the step of demolding i.e. Whirling up the molding material and removing the casting, carried out, in which case the additional step of partially removing the molding material from the molding box takes place.
  • a suction device 11 symbolized by the arrow 11 is used, which can work in a known manner on the principle of a vacuum cleaner.
  • Each molding box 6 has a circular cross section and an inner molding space 12 for receiving the granular molding material 13, which in the present case consists of binder-free sand.
  • the molding material 13 is filled into the molding space 12 through an upper opening 14 and rests on a bottom plate 15 on the underside of the molding space 12.
  • a pre-chamber 16 with a connection 17 for the supply of compressed air according to arrow 18 is provided below the molding space 12 or the base plate 15.
  • the compressed air flowing into the pre-chamber 16 is present on the underside of the base plate 15.
  • the base plate 15 is gas-permeable, so that the compressed air can penetrate through the base plate 15 into the molding space 12 and swirl the molding material 13 there, so that a fluidized or fluidized bed is formed.
  • the compressed air passes through the bottom plate 15, which consists, for example, of sintered metal, when it forms the sole separation between the molding space 12 and the pre-chamber 16, in a very different local flow.
  • the base plate 15 can result from locally different flow resistances of the sintered material, and in particular from locally different pouring heights of the molding material 13 in the molding space 12. Accumulations of the molding material 13 in the molding space 12 become due to the higher flow resistance of the compressed air only in one Fluidization no longer flows through sufficient intensity, so that the full formation of the fluidized bed is hindered.
  • a perforated plate 19 for example made of metal, is therefore arranged below the base plate 15 and has holes 20 for the passage of air.
  • the flow resistance of the perforated plate 19 with the holes 20 is ins overall relatively high; in any case higher than the flow resistance which is present in the base plate 15, which is made of sintered material, for example.
  • the perforated plate 19 thus forms the main flow resistance for the compressed air in the pre-chamber 16 and forms a throttle, in front of which a relatively high supply pressure builds up over the surface of the perforated plate 19, which can have a height of, for example, up to 5 bar.
  • the supply pressure on the underside of the perforated plate 19 presses the compressed air through the holes 20 in discrete flows, which thus act in a similar manner to nozzles, so that the underside of the bottom plate 15 is flowed towards in the manner indicated by arrows 21 in FIG. 4. If the base plate 15 were now missing and the core flow directly into the molding material 13 according to arrows 21, this would result in a speed profile of the inflowing compressed air, as is illustrated in FIG. 4 by a dash-dotted line 22 and corresponding speed arrows 23.
  • the combination of base plate 15 / perforated plate 19 eliminates this disadvantage of so-called "bubbling", and advantageously a uniform speed profile of the compressed air flowing into the molding material 13 is obtained, as is also shown in FIG. 4 with the dashed line 24 and corresponding speed arrows 25 .
  • the holes 20 provided in this connection have a diameter between approximately 2 and 6 mm, preferably between 3 and 5 mm and in the illustrated example case of 4 mm. They are at a mutual distance of several cm, preferably between 3 and 5 cm, in the example at a distance of 4 cm.
  • the considerable supply pressure lies in the antechamber 16, so that spacers 26 are provided for the rear support of the perforated plate 19, which are arranged in a grid-like manner in the example and thus form a flat-looking rear support for the perforated plate 19.
  • the spacers 26 arranged in a grid-like manner each delimit square chambers 27, a hole 20 of the perforated plate 19 being assigned to a chamber 27 in the center.
  • the fact that the spacers 26 largely seal the adjacent chambers 27 against one another ensures in particular that the compressed air per chamber 27 exits evenly through the base plate 15, so that the uniform flow profile 24 is obtained.
  • the molding material 13 located in the molding space 12 is fluidized in the manner described by compressed air supply according to arrow 18.
  • the molding material 13 behaves essentially like a liquid, so that a model made of expanded polystyrene, as is customary in the case of full molding, can be inserted through the opening 14 easily and without damage into the fluidized molding material 13 and is completely washed by the latter even with complicated undercuts or the like.
  • the molding material 13 settles and surrounds all surfaces of the model, which is indicated at 28 in FIG. 2.
  • a vibrating device 29 can also be switched on, which sets the molding material in vibrations of a certain amplitude and frequency in order to further compress it, so that the molding material 13 follows the contours of the outer surfaces of the model 28 cleanly and tightly even with complicated shapes.
  • the combination of the formation of a fluidized bed, on the one hand, and a final shaking, on the other hand, ensures that even the most unfavorably lying surface areas are acted upon cleanly by the molding material, on the one hand, by the general upward movement of the molding material in the fluidizing bed and, on the other hand, by the compacting settling movement during shaking.
  • Liquid metal can then be poured onto the plastic of the model 28 in order to gasify it and fill the mold cavity thus formed with solidified molten metal.
  • the molding material is subjected to negative pressure from below by suction, the suction also simultaneously evolving gases that are formed.
  • a suction connection 30 separate from the pre-chamber 16 is provided on the molding box 6, from which air and gases are extracted according to arrow 31.
  • the suction connection 30 opens into an annular space 32 in the lower region of the molding box 6 adjacent to the base plate 15, so that the suction according to arrow 31 results in a flow direction in the molding material 13 which is directed downward from the region of the opening 14.
  • the annular space 32 is gas permeable
  • Circumferential wall 33 separated from the molding space 12 in such a way that no molding material 13 can penetrate into the annular space 32, but gases can be drawn off from the molding material 13.
  • the gas-permeable peripheral wall 33 is preferably designed as a so-called slotted perforated plate, the width of the slits being matched to the grain size of the molding material 13 in such a way that the diameter of the smallest grains of the molding material occurring is on the one hand significantly greater than the width of the slots but on the other hand significantly below the length of the Slots.
  • the molding material 13 made of sand has a grain size of 0.3 to 0.5, so that a slot width of 0.2 mm is selected with a slot length of 4 mm.
  • Such slotted perforated sheets are known for other purposes and are commercially available, so that it is not necessary to go into them in detail.
  • the circumferential wall of the mold space 12, designated as a whole by 34 is formed differently from a cylindrical shape.
  • the circumferential wall 34 has a maximum diameter or maxi in an equatorial plane 35 paint the width and tapers in the example from the equatorial plane 35 both upwards and downwards.
  • a further possibility is provided for extracting the combustion gases, namely a circumferential ring 36.
  • This ring like the circumferential wall 33, consists of a slotted perforated plate and delimits a chamber 37 with a pyramidal cross section, to which a suction connection 38 is provided.
  • the tapering of the molding box 6 downwards which results in the shape of a truncated cone in the shape of a circular cross section of the peripheral wall 34, favors the compression of the molding material 13, in particular under the action of the vibrating device 29, since the inclination of the peripheral wall 34 during the settling movement by the vibrating means an additional component of the movement Molding material in the direction of the vertical central axis of the mold space 12, designated 39.
  • the inclined formation of the circumferential wall 34 from the equatorial plane 35 upwards advantageously prevents any tendency of the molding material to rise, which is to be feared when, in particular, large-volume models are poured and metal of greater density underneath the upper sand layers, which are released by the model fills and thus exerts pressure on the sand.
  • Such a "floating tendency" of the molding material effectively counteracts the frustoconical configuration of the peripheral wall 34 above the equatorial plane 35.
  • a cover plate 40 is shown in section in FIG. 3, which is used instead of the film that is usually used in order to favor the application of a vacuum.
  • the molding space 12 should expediently be filled up with molding material 13 up to the mark denoted by 42.
  • a molding box 6 is located in the work station A, the molding space 12 of which is already filled with molding material 13.
  • a model 28, consisting of a gasifiable foam, is now embedded in the molding material 13, while air flows into the mold space 12 from the pre-chamber 16, which is pressurized with compressed air, via the perforated plate 19 through the gas-permeable base plate 15 and causes the molding material 13 to swirl slightly.
  • This swirl effect which can be regulated by a control valve (not shown), brings the molding material 13 into a floating state, which allows the model 28 to be introduced into the molding material 13 with practically no resistance.
  • the molding material 13 is compressed by the vibrating device 29 attached to the side of the molding box 6. Then a cover plate 40 is placed on the molding material 13 and the pouring funnel 41 is placed on the model 28 and refilled with additional molding material up to level 42.
  • the rotary table 5 moves one work station further, so that the filled molding box 6 just described moves to work station B.
  • the dwell time serves to cool and solidify the cast molding.
  • the molding is demolded at work station D, this demolding being facilitated by swirling the molding material, as when molding the model 28.
  • the the casting thus demolded can then be fed to a work table, also not shown, by means of a lifting magnet (not shown).
  • a lifting magnet not shown.
  • about a third of the hot molding material 13 is sucked off at the work station D with the aid of the suction device 11 for separate cooling. This extracted amount is symbolically represented in FIG. 2 by means of the double arrow 43.
  • the molding box 6 described in the introduction passes through several dwell times on the workstations E to J, where compressed air is blown in via the antechamber 16 in order to swirl the remaining molding material 13 located in the respective molding space 12, thus cooling the molding material to 40 to 50 ° C.
  • the molding box 6 then arriving from the work station J with a molding space 12 filled only 2/3 of its height then goes through the same work steps as described at the beginning; only with the exception that after the molding of the model 28, the amount of molding material 13 removed at work station D is replenished, with the aid of the filling device 10, which is symbolically indicated in FIG. 2 by the double arrow 44.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)
  • Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
EP85106440A 1984-06-22 1985-05-24 Installation pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé du moulage en moules pleins Expired EP0166228B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85106440T ATE36476T1 (de) 1984-06-22 1985-05-24 Einrichtung fuer die durchfuehrung des vollformgiessverfahrens.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3423199 1984-06-22
DE3423199A DE3423199C1 (de) 1984-06-22 1984-06-22 Einrichtung fuer die Durchfuehrung des Vollformgiessverfahrens

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0166228A2 true EP0166228A2 (fr) 1986-01-02
EP0166228A3 EP0166228A3 (en) 1986-09-17
EP0166228B1 EP0166228B1 (fr) 1988-08-17

Family

ID=6238976

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85106440A Expired EP0166228B1 (fr) 1984-06-22 1985-05-24 Installation pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé du moulage en moules pleins

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0166228B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6114046A (fr)
AT (1) ATE36476T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3423199C1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0281752A3 (en) * 1987-03-09 1989-03-15 Schubert & Salzer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Lost foam process and installation
EP0297761A3 (en) * 1987-06-29 1990-01-10 Vulcan Engineering Co. Lost foam casting system
FR2645778A1 (fr) * 1989-04-18 1990-10-19 Renault Bac pour coulee a modele perdu
US5725044A (en) * 1994-08-30 1998-03-10 Hirokawa; Koji Casting method using a forming die
CN112846160A (zh) * 2021-03-04 2021-05-28 西安航天自动化股份有限公司 一种多工位自动浇注转盘设备及系统
CN121061132A (zh) * 2025-11-06 2025-12-05 蓬莱金创精密铸造有限公司 一种模壳自动焙烧余热循环利用浇注装置

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS62207532A (ja) * 1986-03-10 1987-09-11 Ube Ind Ltd 鋳造装置
JPH01202339A (ja) * 1988-02-03 1989-08-15 Morikawa Sangyo Kk 鋳物の鋳造方法及びそれに用いる装置
GB8913168D0 (en) * 1989-06-08 1989-07-26 Cook William Plc Foundry equipment
DE19949500B4 (de) * 1999-10-14 2007-07-05 Volkswagen Ag Verfahren zur Serienherstellung von Metallgußteilen mit dem Lost-Foam-Verfahren
CN102078916B (zh) * 2010-12-29 2012-11-21 陈祥坤 一种注蜡机
CN104707970B (zh) * 2015-03-09 2017-01-11 江苏省沙钢钢铁研究院有限公司 一种生产母合金的真空浇铸系统
CN104923767A (zh) * 2015-06-30 2015-09-23 林怀敏 一种真空浇铸电加热砂箱
CN112008039B (zh) * 2020-08-26 2024-06-04 合肥天鹅制冷科技有限公司 一种用于蜡模成型后的液冷装置
CN115648020A (zh) * 2022-09-14 2023-01-31 东莞市岩崧机械有限公司 全智能数控礼品包装砂光脱模生产线

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH334017A (de) * 1955-07-18 1958-11-15 Aluminium Ind Ag Masselgiessmaschine
DE1758521B1 (de) * 1968-06-19 1970-08-27 Gruenzweig & Hartmann Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrung des Vollformgiessverfahrens
FR2071047A5 (fr) * 1969-12-16 1971-09-17 Pont A Mousson
CH524415A (de) * 1970-04-20 1972-06-30 Gruenzweig & Hartmann Einrichtung für die Durchführung des Vollformgiessverfahrens
FR2167458B1 (fr) * 1972-01-13 1976-01-16 Anisa Sa Fr

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0281752A3 (en) * 1987-03-09 1989-03-15 Schubert & Salzer Maschinenfabrik Aktiengesellschaft Lost foam process and installation
EP0297761A3 (en) * 1987-06-29 1990-01-10 Vulcan Engineering Co. Lost foam casting system
FR2645778A1 (fr) * 1989-04-18 1990-10-19 Renault Bac pour coulee a modele perdu
EP0394121A1 (fr) * 1989-04-18 1990-10-24 Regie Nationale Des Usines Renault Bac pour coulée à modèle perdu
US5725044A (en) * 1994-08-30 1998-03-10 Hirokawa; Koji Casting method using a forming die
CN112846160A (zh) * 2021-03-04 2021-05-28 西安航天自动化股份有限公司 一种多工位自动浇注转盘设备及系统
CN121061132A (zh) * 2025-11-06 2025-12-05 蓬莱金创精密铸造有限公司 一种模壳自动焙烧余热循环利用浇注装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0166228A3 (en) 1986-09-17
DE3564389D1 (en) 1988-09-22
JPS6114046A (ja) 1986-01-22
EP0166228B1 (fr) 1988-08-17
DE3423199C1 (de) 1985-02-21
ATE36476T1 (de) 1988-09-15

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