EP0166329A2 - Brûleur, en particulier brûleur pour l'incinération de combustibles liquides à l'état gazeux - Google Patents

Brûleur, en particulier brûleur pour l'incinération de combustibles liquides à l'état gazeux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0166329A2
EP0166329A2 EP85107391A EP85107391A EP0166329A2 EP 0166329 A2 EP0166329 A2 EP 0166329A2 EP 85107391 A EP85107391 A EP 85107391A EP 85107391 A EP85107391 A EP 85107391A EP 0166329 A2 EP0166329 A2 EP 0166329A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
rotor
burner according
gasification chamber
fuel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85107391A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0166329B1 (fr
EP0166329A3 (en
Inventor
AG Verfahrenstechnik für Heizung VTH
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
VTH AG Verfahrenstechnik fur Heizung
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT85107391T priority Critical patent/ATE37224T1/de
Publication of EP0166329A2 publication Critical patent/EP0166329A2/fr
Publication of EP0166329A3 publication Critical patent/EP0166329A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0166329B1 publication Critical patent/EP0166329B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/04—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying action being obtained by centrifugal action
    • F23D11/06—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying action being obtained by centrifugal action using a horizontal shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/005—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space with combinations of different spraying or vaporising means
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/36—Details
    • F23D11/44—Preheating devices; Vaporising devices
    • F23D11/441—Vaporising devices incorporated with burners

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a burner, in particular a burner for burning liquid fuels in the gaseous state.
  • the burner is also suitable for the combustion of suspensions of solid fuels in a carrier liquid.
  • the burner has a gasification chamber formed by a housing and a rotor arranged in the gasification chamber and provided with blades and driven by a motor, wherein the gasification chamber has inlet means for fuel and air, and a wall surface which can be heated electrically and / or by the flame of the burner to evaporate the Has fuel and means for outlet of the fuel / air mixture generated.
  • gasification burners In contrast to atomizing burners, gasification burners have the advantage that they can be regulated continuously to very low outputs in accordance with the heating requirement, the aforementioned disadvantages being avoided. Furthermore, combustion significantly reduces the emission of pollutants, for example unburned hydrocarbons and soot.
  • gasification burners Despite the many advantages that gasification burners have, they are only used to a small extent. A major reason for this is that most gasification burners need a lot of maintenance. With many carburetor burners, undesirable deposits can form in the carburettor chamber, which will soon significantly impair the effectiveness of the gasification.
  • EP-AO 036 128 describes a carburetor burner with a carburetor chamber that has no air inlet openings and in which a wiper that rotates quickly with a motor is housed in order to distribute the fuel finely on the heated carburetor walls and to prevent the formation of deposits, so that no harmful influence of deposits on the evaporation of the fuel occurs.
  • the gas formed in the gasification chamber leaves the chamber through a nozzle at a relatively high speed.
  • the combustion air is conveyed by a fan.
  • This burner has the advantage that it requires little maintenance and is reliable in operation.
  • the disadvantage is that, in contrast to other gasification burners, where fuel and air are mixed before combustion in the gasification chamber, it causes more noise. Since only the fuel is heated during the start but not the air before the combustion, cold start problems can arise. It is also disadvantageous that after-burning takes place with a sooting flame, unless particularly expensive measures are taken to prevent the further escape of gasified fuel.
  • EP 0 067 271 A2 shows an oil burner with a heated evaporation device having air inlet openings.
  • This is cup-shaped, air inlet openings being provided on the bottom of the cup.
  • a rotating cylinder for oil distribution, which fills the evaporator space in the cup to a small gap.
  • oil is supplied to the rotating cylinder via a hollow drive shaft, which is then thrown by centrifugal force from the radial bores in the rotating cylinder onto the inner walls of the evaporator chamber.
  • oil burners of this type have not found commercial use.
  • the disadvantage is that the carburettor chamber tends to become contaminated, which disrupts the air inlet or the air / gas mixture outlet, since the pressure difference between the air inlet let and air / gas mixture outlet is very small, even a little pollution leads to a sooty flame.
  • Another disadvantage is that the rotating cylinder absorbs a great deal of heat via the cylinder jacket surface and transports it to the drive motor via the drive shaft, which can be damaged if costly precautions are not taken to protect it.
  • US Pat. No. 3,640,673 describes a burner for a petroleum oven in which a ventilator is arranged in a gasification chamber which can be heated electrically and by the flame of the burner. There is a relatively large space between the periphery of the ventilator and the heated wall surface of the gasification chamber. There is a spray disc for the fuel on the drive shaft for the fan. When fuel is sprayed onto the spray disc during operation, it distributes the fuel into fine droplets that are thrown outwards by centrifugal force. They are mixed by the ventilator with the preheated air flowing into the gasification chamber. Since the distance between the periphery of the fan and the heated wall surface of the gasification chamber is relatively large, most fuel droplets evaporate without ever coming into contact with a wall surface.
  • Another disadvantage of the burner described is that it is practically an atmospheric burner and is therefore not suitable for use in a boiler.
  • this is achieved in that the rotor provided with blades extends into the vicinity of the heatable wall surface.
  • the fuel / air mixture generated in the gasification chamber leaves the gasification chamber under relatively high pressure, so that the burner is particularly suitable for use in boilers with a relatively high flue gas resistance. Since the air and fuel are mixed before the combustion, the flame is relatively silent. Tests have shown that no deposits form in the area of the heated wall surface of the gasification chamber. It is assumed that the high peripheral speed of the rotor tears the emerging oil into extremely small oil droplets, which evaporate immediately. Interestingly, relatively high temperatures of the carburetor chamber walls are possible without coking. It is assumed that the blades, which bring about a compression of the gas / air mixture, exert a pneumatic wiper action, which cleans the gasification chamber walls.
  • the rotating blades ensure a considerable pressure difference between the air inlet and the fuel / air mixture outlet, so that a considerable cleaning effect is already achieved by the flow caused thereby.
  • the burner is therefore largely maintenance-free. Since the gas emerging from the gasification chamber is a mixture of fuel and air, there are no cold start problems.
  • a heatable wall surface of the gasification chamber is adjacent to the peripheral parts of the rotor.
  • the fuel / air mixture has the highest compression in this area, so that the heat transfer takes place very effectively here.
  • a wall of the gasification chamber is expediently formed by a burner plate having outlet openings.
  • the flame thus arises directly at the gasification chamber, so that heat from the flame is already released into the gasification chamber via the burner plate. This significantly reduces the need for electrical energy, at least after the start-up phase.
  • the outlet openings of the gasification chamber are expediently arranged near the periphery of the burner plate. The pressure is greatest there.
  • the housing of the gasification chamber for heat recovery has a part which extends beyond the burner plate. This expediently tubular part is then located in the immediate area of the flame, so that the heat recovery is very good. It is possible to form the housing of the carburetor chamber and a flame tube in one piece. This lowers the manufacturing costs.
  • the part for heat recovery can have a cavity which is filled with a metal, for example sodium, with a relatively low melting and / or Evaporation point is provided. During operation, the metal in the cavity melts and / or evaporates, and the circulation that arises in the melt or in the gas then ensures particularly effective heat recovery.
  • An advantageous exemplary embodiment provides that an axially displaceable tube piece for regulating the air supply is provided practically concentrically to the shaft of the rotor.
  • the rotor advantageously extends in the immediate vicinity of the burner plate. Tests have shown that this prevents the flame from kicking back into the gasification chamber.
  • transition points between the part for heat recovery and the housing of the gasification chamber can be designed such that no heat transfer to the housing of the gasification chamber takes place that exceeds the optimal gasification temperature.
  • at least a large part of the heat required for evaporation can be supplied by the flame, while the electric heater only has to deliver a fraction of the necessary evaporation energy.
  • the rotor can be designed both as a radial compressor and as an axial compressor. Both types of rotors make it possible, at least in the case of relatively small burners, such as those used for single-family houses and smaller multi-family houses, to do without additional fans, which leads to considerable simplification and cost reduction.
  • the means for supplying fuel can be formed by a fuel supply channel which leads through the drive shaft of the rotor to the periphery of the rotor. This causes the drive shaft to cool so that there are no bearing problems for the drive shaft.
  • the design of the rotor with blades has the advantage that it absorbs less heat than a rotating cylinder.
  • a temperature sensor for maintaining an optimal carburetor temperature can be provided on the housing of the carburetor chamber.
  • the housing of the gasification chamber can consist of ceramic or be coated on the inside with ceramic.
  • the ceramic can also act as a catalyst for better gasification.
  • the burner has a gasification chamber 11, which is formed, for example, by a housing 13.
  • this housing can be made of cast aluminum or cast iron, for example.
  • the Carburetor chamber 11 in the form of a rotating body, for example a cylinder.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 show, other rotational body shapes are also possible.
  • a carburetor chamber housing 13 made of ceramic material or a coating of the carburetor chamber walls made of ceramic material is also recommended. If relatively low temperatures are used, a coating made of a heat-resistant plastic, for example "Teflon", can also be advantageous because such material prevents fuel residues from adhering.
  • An electric heating element 15 in the form of a heating coil is used to heat the gasification chamber 11.
  • the wall 12 is heated by this heating winding 15.
  • a temperature sensor 17 can also be provided, with which the electrical heating element 15 is controlled via a control device (not shown).
  • the gasification chamber 11 has a part 21 which extends beyond the burner plate 19 to return heat from the flame.
  • part 21 encloses a flame tube or cup 23.
  • the transition point 22 between flame tube 23 and / or part 21 and housing 13 is designed in such a way that no heat transfer that exceeds the optimum gasification temperature takes place.
  • housing 13 and flame tube 23 or burner plate 19 can also consist of one piece.
  • Figure 2 shows a special design of part 21 for heat recovery. It has a cavity 25 which has a filling 27 made of a metal, for example sodium, with a relatively low melting and / or evaporation point. During operation of the burner, the metal 27 then melts and / or evaporates, so that it is liquid or gaseous Medium uses a circulation which transfers heat into the area of the gasification chamber 11.
  • a filling 27 made of a metal, for example sodium, with a relatively low melting and / or evaporation point.
  • the metal 27 melts and / or evaporates, so that it is liquid or gaseous Medium uses a circulation which transfers heat into the area of the gasification chamber 11.
  • a wall of the gasification chamber 11 is formed by the burner plate 19, which has a plurality of outlet openings 29 for the hot fuel / air mixture on the periphery.
  • the outlet openings 29 are arranged close to the periphery of the burner plate 19. The greatest pressure in the chamber prevails in this area when using a radial fan.
  • FIG. 4 shows, a distribution of the outlet openings 29 over the burner plate 19 is possible in particular when using an axial fan.
  • Vergasun described sbrenners g therefore consists in that it comprises at least for relatively small loads, _: takes approximately to 1.2 kg of oil per hour, no additional fan 35th
  • The: rotor 33 is driven by the motor 37 via the shaft 39.
  • the additional fan 35 which may be necessary for greater burner outputs, is seated on the same shaft 39 material supply channel 41 via the drive shaft 39.
  • This fuel supply channel leads via one or more branch lines 43 to the periphery of the rotor 31.
  • the air is fed into the gasification chamber 11 through the air inlet opening 45.
  • a pipe section 46 is arranged displaceably in this air inlet opening.
  • the air supply can be regulated in a simple manner by an axial displacement of this pipe section 46.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 provide for the use of a radial or axial compressor, as used for example for turbochargers in motor vehicles.
  • Rotors 33 constructed in this way enable a higher compression, so that an additional fan wheel can usually be dispensed with even at relatively high powers.
  • the housing 13 with the electric heater 15 When the burner is started up, the housing 13 with the electric heater 15 is initially brought to a temperature at which the supplied fuel evaporates. The vaporized fuel then escapes through the openings 29 and is ignited by the electrode 49. The resulting flame then causes heat to be returned via part 21 of the gasification chamber 11, so that the heater 15 can be switched off. However, if precise regulation of the gasification temperature is desired, the heater 15 can be used to provide the additional heat required.
  • the temperature sensor 17 is used to control the heater 15.
  • the gasification burner according to the invention can operate reliably in a wide temperature range of the gasification chamber 11. While the gasification burner according to European patent application 0 036 128 no longer works at a gasification chamber temperature below 340 ° C, because the pressure builds up too slowly at this temperature and the gasification chamber is thus overfilled with fuel, the burner according to the invention also works at temperatures below 340 ° C. In tests with temperatures around 500 ° C., oil throughputs of 2 kg per hour could be achieved with the burner according to the invention. It has also been shown that there are no coking problems at high temperatures. It is assumed that at high temperatures the heating oil does not come into contact with the carburetor walls due to the suffering frost effect.
  • the burner described also offers a large number of further advantages. For example, there are no temperature problems on the engine side because the combustion air cools it. It is therefore not necessary to take any special measures to protect the drive shaft bearings. The flame cup is exposed to less high temperatures because heat is continuously dissipated. There are also no cold start problems because the combustion air is preheated.
  • the burner is very simple and compact in construction and is therefore particularly suitable as a burner for floor heating. The burner is switched off without re-steaming. The burner can easily be used for heating from above (lint burner) or heating from below. Of particular importance, however, is the low-noise combustion thanks to the optimal mixture of air and fuel and the stable blue flame, which creates no soot problems.
  • the gasification burner according to the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 5 is constructed similarly to that of FIG. 1.
  • the same reference numerals can therefore largely be used.
  • the rotor divides the gasification chamber 11 into a first space 51 and a second space 53 arranged concentrically to it.
  • the first room 51 is used to gasify the fuel.
  • the second space which is divided by approximately radially arranged partition walls 55, which act like the blades of a compressor, serves as an air compressor. If a fan is already present in any case, further air compression may be dispensed with, so that it would suffice if the second space 53 merely served as an air passage.
  • a burner plate 19 is provided in the exemplary embodiment shown, a third space 7 is formed between the rotor 33 and the burner plate 19, which serves to mix gas and air.
  • a gap 59 is provided between the rotor end 57 and the carburetor housing 13 for the passage of the gasified fuel from the first space 51.
  • This gap 59 is naturally ring-shaped and is adjacent to the likewise ring-shaped outlet 58 for the air from the space 53.
  • the air flows out of space 53 of the rotor at high speed, it helps to convey gasified fuel out of space 51 through the Venturi effect. This is mixed with air in the space 54 and leaves the burner through the openings 29 to form a blue flame.
  • the first space 51 has at least one air inlet 61 in order to carry out a premixing of gas and air in this space 51.
  • a large part of the air required for combustion flows through space 53.
  • the air supply to the space 51 can be controlled by axially displacing the pipe section 46.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
EP85107391A 1984-06-25 1985-06-14 Brûleur, en particulier brûleur pour l'incinération de combustibles liquides à l'état gazeux Expired EP0166329B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85107391T ATE37224T1 (de) 1984-06-25 1985-06-14 Brenner, insbesondere brenner zur verbrennung von fluessigen brennstoffen in gasfoermigem zustand.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH304984 1984-06-25
CH3049/84 1984-06-25

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0166329A2 true EP0166329A2 (fr) 1986-01-02
EP0166329A3 EP0166329A3 (en) 1987-06-24
EP0166329B1 EP0166329B1 (fr) 1988-09-14

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ID=4247462

Family Applications (1)

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EP85107391A Expired EP0166329B1 (fr) 1984-06-25 1985-06-14 Brûleur, en particulier brûleur pour l'incinération de combustibles liquides à l'état gazeux

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0166329B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE37224T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3565002D1 (fr)

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4712997A (en) * 1985-12-30 1987-12-15 Jorg Fullemann Burner, in particular burner for the combustion of liquid fuel in the gaseous state
EP0283435A1 (fr) * 1987-03-13 1988-09-21 Füllemann Patent Ag Brûleur
US5044935A (en) * 1989-03-15 1991-09-03 Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. Method and apparatus for operating a firing plant using fossil fuels
US5147200A (en) * 1989-12-01 1992-09-15 Asea Brown Boveri, Ltd. Method of operating a firing installation
EP0598619A1 (fr) * 1992-11-19 1994-05-25 Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. Brûleur pour combustible liquide
WO1999060306A1 (fr) * 1998-05-14 1999-11-25 Walter Swoboda Bruleur de premelange pour combustibles liquides
EP1394102A1 (fr) * 2002-07-12 2004-03-03 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif d'évaporation, spécialement pour la utilisation dans un disposif de reformage
EP1519110A1 (fr) 2003-09-18 2005-03-30 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Arrangement de brûleur, en particulier pour un appareil de chauffe d'automobile
CH696153A5 (de) * 2003-06-11 2007-01-15 Toby Ag Brenner für flüssige Brennstoffe.
WO2010078606A3 (fr) * 2008-12-19 2010-09-16 Fronius International Gmbh Système permettant de charger un accumulateur d'énergie, brûleur, dispositif chauffant et buse pour un tel système, et procédé de production d'énergie thermique
CN103644579A (zh) * 2013-12-04 2014-03-19 建瓯市星原生物醇油有限公司 醇基高温气化控火炉
EP3128233A1 (fr) * 2015-08-06 2017-02-08 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG. Système de mélange à évaporateur

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3640673A (en) * 1969-07-22 1972-02-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd Liquid fuel burner
DE3123078A1 (de) * 1981-06-11 1982-12-30 Buderus Ag, 6330 Wetzlar Stufenlos regelbarer oelgeblaesebrenner

Cited By (17)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4712997A (en) * 1985-12-30 1987-12-15 Jorg Fullemann Burner, in particular burner for the combustion of liquid fuel in the gaseous state
EP0283435A1 (fr) * 1987-03-13 1988-09-21 Füllemann Patent Ag Brûleur
US4957427A (en) * 1987-03-13 1990-09-18 Vth Ag Verfahrenstechnik Fur Heizung Liquid fuel purifying burner
US5044935A (en) * 1989-03-15 1991-09-03 Asea Brown Boveri Ltd. Method and apparatus for operating a firing plant using fossil fuels
US5147200A (en) * 1989-12-01 1992-09-15 Asea Brown Boveri, Ltd. Method of operating a firing installation
EP0598619A1 (fr) * 1992-11-19 1994-05-25 Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd. Brûleur pour combustible liquide
WO1999060306A1 (fr) * 1998-05-14 1999-11-25 Walter Swoboda Bruleur de premelange pour combustibles liquides
EP1394102A1 (fr) * 2002-07-12 2004-03-03 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Dispositif d'évaporation, spécialement pour la utilisation dans un disposif de reformage
CH696153A5 (de) * 2003-06-11 2007-01-15 Toby Ag Brenner für flüssige Brennstoffe.
EP1519110A1 (fr) 2003-09-18 2005-03-30 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Arrangement de brûleur, en particulier pour un appareil de chauffe d'automobile
WO2010078606A3 (fr) * 2008-12-19 2010-09-16 Fronius International Gmbh Système permettant de charger un accumulateur d'énergie, brûleur, dispositif chauffant et buse pour un tel système, et procédé de production d'énergie thermique
CN102256819A (zh) * 2008-12-19 2011-11-23 弗罗纽斯国际有限公司 用于给储能器加热装置充电的设备、用于该设备的喷嘴以及用于产生热能的方法
CN102256819B (zh) * 2008-12-19 2014-11-26 弗罗纽斯国际有限公司 用于给储能器加热装置充电的设备、用于该设备的喷嘴以及用于产生热能的方法
CN103644579A (zh) * 2013-12-04 2014-03-19 建瓯市星原生物醇油有限公司 醇基高温气化控火炉
CN105202593A (zh) * 2013-12-04 2015-12-30 政和县星原节能燃料有限公司 醇基高温气化控火炉
CN103644579B (zh) * 2013-12-04 2017-01-04 建瓯市星原生物醇油有限公司 醇基高温气化控火炉
EP3128233A1 (fr) * 2015-08-06 2017-02-08 Eberspächer Climate Control Systems GmbH & Co. KG. Système de mélange à évaporateur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3565002D1 (en) 1988-10-20
EP0166329B1 (fr) 1988-09-14
EP0166329A3 (en) 1987-06-24
ATE37224T1 (de) 1988-09-15

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