EP0168562A2 - Machine de levage avec protection contre la surcharge - Google Patents

Machine de levage avec protection contre la surcharge Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0168562A2
EP0168562A2 EP85104731A EP85104731A EP0168562A2 EP 0168562 A2 EP0168562 A2 EP 0168562A2 EP 85104731 A EP85104731 A EP 85104731A EP 85104731 A EP85104731 A EP 85104731A EP 0168562 A2 EP0168562 A2 EP 0168562A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
frequency
counter
bridge
evaluation device
gate time
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85104731A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0168562A3 (en
EP0168562B1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Dipl.-Ing. Behnke
Anton Dipl.-Ing. Münzebrock
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Vodafone GmbH
Original Assignee
Mannesmann AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mannesmann AG filed Critical Mannesmann AG
Priority to AT85104731T priority Critical patent/ATE47370T1/de
Publication of EP0168562A2 publication Critical patent/EP0168562A2/fr
Publication of EP0168562A3 publication Critical patent/EP0168562A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0168562B1 publication Critical patent/EP0168562B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66D—CAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00—Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/54—Safety gear
    • B66D1/58—Safety gear responsive to excess of load
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S388/00—Electricity: motor control systems
    • Y10S388/907—Specific control circuit element or device
    • Y10S388/912—Pulse or frequency counter

Definitions

  • the invention relates generically to a hoist with at least one lifting motor, contactor control for the lifting motor and to the protection control working overload protection device, the overload protection device having a cable force transducer with a strain gauge bridge, an evaluation device and a device for suppressing dynamic load peaks from load vibrations of a determinable period, the strain gauge bridge is connected to a bridge supply voltage generator with two connections and has two output connections for receiving the measuring bridge output signal and the evaluation device also works on the contactor control.
  • - Strain gauge bridge denotes a measuring bridge which generally works with strain gauges, the strain gauges experiencing strains which depend in a defined manner on the cable force.
  • the circuit arrangement is such that the output signal of the measuring bridge via an amplifier serves as an input signal for several voltage-dependent switching stages of the evaluation device, which switching stages each switch an output contact when the value of the voltage is on their input and thus the size of the load on the rope of the hoist exceeds a fixed value.
  • a load scoreboard is assigned.
  • the output contacts of the switching stages act on the contactor control, so that the lifting mechanism is switched off when a certain value of the load is exceeded.
  • the load appears on the load display panel, e.g. B. in digital digits.
  • the device for the compensation of dynamic load peaks from load oscillation gung in the known embodiment requires a special cable crossmember with two opposite side plates on which strain gauges are arranged above the strain gauge bridge.
  • This arrangement is intended to compensate for falsification in the case of a load swinging transversely to the crossbar, since one crossbar side is loaded with the swinging load and the other crossbar side is relieved at the same time. Average values of the load oscillation are to be recorded as it were. This can only be done more or less exactly.
  • an inadmissibly long switch-off delay takes effect when the load rises very steeply (e.g. a stuck load hook).
  • the known embodiment enables the cable force sensor and the evaluation device to be compared separately and to be exchanged independently of one another without a common comparison, which is an advantage in terms of assembly and maintenance.
  • the zero point and sensitivity of the cable force encoder must be checked to defined values.
  • the supply voltage for the measuring bridge, the amplification and the offset voltage of the differential amplifier as well as the voltage-dependent switching stages must be adjusted in the evaluation unit. The accuracy and functional reliability of the entire arrangement depends to a particular degree on the constancy and accuracy of these comparisons and the components used. This is especially true when dynamic load loads occur.
  • the invention is based on the object, with a generic hoist on the one hand the functional reliability and others to improve the accuracy, even when dynamic load peaks occur.
  • the invention teaches that a frequency converter with a frequency generator is connected between the strain gauge bridge and the evaluation device, which frequency converter converts the measuring bridge output signal into a frequency signal, that the evaluation device has at least one counter with an adjustable initial value, at least one switch and a frequency divider, which frequency divider consists of a reference frequency of a reference source generates a periodic control signal as a gate time for the counter that the periods can be counted with the counter during the gate time, which contains the frequency signal of the frequency converter, that the switch can be switched off by the counter when a predetermined counter reading reaches within the gate time or exceeded, and that the gate time is adjustable so that it is equal to or greater than the period of the load vibrations.
  • a preferred embodiment in combination with the features described above, is characterized in that the frequency converter has the bridge supply voltage generator, and that the bridge supply voltage generator and the frequency generator have the same reference voltage of the reference voltage source can be supplied, the ratio between the reference voltage and the bridge supply voltage being adjustable.
  • the frequency converter can be adjusted to a minimum frequency corresponding to the zero load. For the same reason, the frequency signal and the gate time can expediently be monitored in the evaluation device.
  • the hoist according to the invention can have a hoist with only one speed or a hoist with several lifting speeds.
  • an embodiment with a lifting mechanism for a slow lifting speed in a lifting phase and a lifting mechanism for a fast lifting speed is characterized in that the evaluation device has two counters, each of which can be supplied with a different gate time via the frequency divider, the first of which is assigned to a predetermined partial load and a first counter, the second of which is assigned the nominal load and a second counter, and that during the Lifting phase the fast lifting speed can be switched off.
  • Fig. 1 shows an example of a hoist in which a strain gauge bridge 1 via the connections 2 and 3 for the bridge feed voltage and output terminals 4, 5 for the bridge output voltage is connected to a frequency converter 6.
  • the term frequency converter means a voltage / frequency converter.
  • the frequency converter 6 is supplied with a DC voltage from the evaluation device 9 via the connecting lines 7 and 8.
  • the output signal of the frequency converter 6 in the form of a voltage or a current with a variable frequency is transmitted to the evaluation device 9 via the connecting line 10.
  • the shooter control 13 switches two lifting motors.
  • the control of the motors is switched via the output lines 11 and 12 in such a way that the lifting movement is forcibly switched off in the event of an overload.
  • 2 shows in detail the structure of the frequency converter 6 and the connection to the strain gauge bridge 1.
  • the strain gauge bridge 1 is a known bridge circuit with at least one resistance that can be changed by mechanical strain.
  • the bridge supply voltage is generated and amplified by the operational amplifier 62 from the voltage of the reference voltage source 61.
  • a fixed ratio between the reference voltage and the bridge voltage is set by the trimming resistor 63.
  • the measuring bridge output signal is amplified by the operational amplifier 64, the output signal of which controls the frequency generator 65 via the connection 66.
  • the output of the frequency generator 65 supplies a frequency signal which is measured between the connecting lines 8 and 10, the frequency changing in proportion to the change in the measuring bridge output signal between the output connections 4 and 5.
  • the frequency generator 65 is a known electronic circuit, the Output frequency is proportional to the control signal in connection 66 and to the reference voltage in connection 67 between frequency generator 65 and bridge supply voltage generator. A change in the reference voltage to lower frequencies causes a proportional change in the output frequency to higher values.
  • strain gauge bridge 1 Since the output signal of the strain gauge bridge 1 and thus the control signal for the frequency generator 65 changes proportionally and in the same direction as the bridge supply voltage, on the other hand the change in the output frequency of the frequency generator 65 is proportional but opposite to the change in the reference voltage, the effects of reference voltage fluctuations on the output signal are compensated for.
  • the combination of strain gauge bridge 1, bridge supply voltage generator, reference voltage source 61 and frequency generator 65 according to the invention makes it possible to feed the circuit according to FIG. 2 with a simple DC voltage, which does not have to meet the accuracy and constancy otherwise required for strain gauge bridges 1.
  • the offset voltage of the strain gauge bridge 1 can be adjusted so that when the strain gauge bridge 1 is unloaded, the output signal has a fixed fundamental frequency.
  • the adjustment resistor 63 the sensitivity of the strain gauge bridge 1 is adjusted via the bridge voltage so that the output signal has the nominal frequency during the characteristic expansion. An additional adjustment of the frequency generator 65 is not necessary.
  • FIG. 3 shows the design of the evaluation device 9 in FIG. 1.
  • the supplied via the connecting line 10 Frequency signal is processed in the presettable counters 87 and 100.
  • the input signal for the counter 100 is previously divided by the programmable frequency divider 102 in the ratio 1 / n s .
  • the initial value for the counters 97, 100 is set by the multipole switch 96.
  • the counter 87 delivers an output signal, the duration of which is extended by the delay-delayed time stage 98, so that at least the duration of a gate time is reached.
  • the counter 100 also behaves with the downstream time stage 101, the output signal of which controls the output elements, preferably switching relays 104, 105, which switch off the lifting motors via the output lines 11, 12.
  • the output signal from the time stage 101 also controls the frequency divider 1 / n s 1C2 via the connecting line 106 in such a way that the ratio between input and output frequency becomes larger.
  • the output signal from the time stage 98 triggers a monostable multivibrator 99 so that the switching relay 105 switches off the lifting motor at the fast lifting speed via the output lines 11 for the duration of the fallback time.
  • the time between the setting processes for the counters 97 and 100 is determined by the gate time which is generated by the frequency divider 1 / n 2 94 from the mains frequency of the AC network for the power supply.
  • Another frequency standard can also be used instead of the mains frequency.
  • the power supply part 91 of the evaluation device 9 is fed from the AC voltage network and supplies the frequency converter 6 via the connecting lines 7, 8.
  • the signal former 92 generates the input signal for the frequency divider 1 / n, 98 from the network frequency.
  • the output signal of the divider 1 / n 1 93 sets at a distance of a first goal time, e.g. B. 80 ms over the connecting line 108, the counter 97 to the initial value and is an input signal for the controllable frequency divider 1 / n 2 94, which sets the counter 100 over the connecting line 100 to the initial value at intervals of a second or third gate time.
  • the gate time frequency of the frequency divider 1 / n 2 94 is indicated by the indicator lamp 107. The correct functioning of the gate timer can be checked on the basis of the flashing frequency of the display.
  • the counter 97 works with the first gate time
  • the counter 100 works with a longer second gate time; due to the value set at the switch 96, the counter 97 reaches at a predetermined partial load, e.g. B. 25% of the nominal load, within the first gate time the counter reading zero and counter 100 at the limit load, z. B. 105% of the nominal load, within the second gate time the meter reading Rull.
  • a predetermined partial load e.g. B. 25% of the nominal load
  • the output signal from the counter 97 triggers the timer 98, the monostable multivibrator 99 and thus switches off the fast lifting speed for the set release time.
  • the frequency divider 1 / n 2 94 are controlled so that counter 100 receives a shortened third gate time and the frequency divider 1 / n 3 102 is controlled so that the input frequency for counter 100 is increased in accordance with the shortened gate time.
  • the fast stroke speed is switched on again if he Zäh- l 100 has not detected the crossing of the set limit load.
  • the counter 100 then works again with the second gate time.
  • This second gate time is preferably chosen so that it is equal to or greater than the period of the load oscillation of a suspended load. As a result, the static mean value of the load is measured after the load has been lifted even with rope vibrations with good approximation by the counter 100.
  • the function of the monostable multivibrator 99 can be blocked by a switch or a short-circuit bridge, so that the fine lifting time when lifting is eliminated.
  • the two switching relays 104, 105 have the same function and are only switched by the time stage 101, preferably when the limit load is exceeded.
  • a retriggerable monostable multivibrator 103 monitors the charging time for counter 100 via the connecting line 112 and the minimum frequency via the connecting line 113, which the frequency generator must generate at the output of the frequency divider 1 / n 3.
  • the monostable multivibrator is activated when the ratio between the gate time and the mains period is undershot or the minimum frequency is undershot 103 not retriggered. so that the output reaches the stable state and switches off the stroke movement via the time stage 101.
  • the test button 95 is actuated.
  • the counters 97 and 100 are set to the initial value via line 114 and the frequency 1 / n 1 ⁇ 3 and 1 / n z 94 blocked, so that the gate time can be extended as desired by actuating the test button 95. If the encoder and evaluation device 9 function properly, the counters 97 and 100 reach the counter reading zero, so that the associated shutdown functions of the lifting mechanism are triggered.
  • the set limit load can be checked by measuring the time with a stopwatch when the load hook is empty or the load is known. Both the output frequency without load and the output frequency at the nominal load are known for the cable force sensor used. To check the set limit load of the hoist, the monostable multivibrator 99 is locked in the manner described above, the outputs of the evaluation device 9 switch when the counter 100 reaches the zero position.
  • the test process is started by actuating the test button 95 and starting the stopwatch.
  • the stopwatch is stopped when the outputs switch off.
  • the counter 100 is decremented with a known frequency and has the counter reading zero at the end of the measured time. The initial value of the counter and thus the set limit load can be calculated from the measured time.

Landscapes

  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
  • Protection Of Generators And Motors (AREA)
  • Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Control Of Multiple Motors (AREA)
  • Jib Cranes (AREA)
  • Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
  • Measuring Instrument Details And Bridges, And Automatic Balancing Devices (AREA)
  • Telephone Function (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Force In General (AREA)
  • Control Of Direct Current Motors (AREA)
EP85104731A 1984-07-20 1985-04-18 Machine de levage avec protection contre la surcharge Expired EP0168562B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85104731T ATE47370T1 (de) 1984-07-20 1985-04-18 Hebezeug mit ueberlastsicherung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3426746 1984-07-20
DE3426746A DE3426746C1 (de) 1984-07-20 1984-07-20 Hebezeug mit UEberlastsicherung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0168562A2 true EP0168562A2 (fr) 1986-01-22
EP0168562A3 EP0168562A3 (en) 1988-07-27
EP0168562B1 EP0168562B1 (fr) 1989-10-18

Family

ID=6241116

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85104731A Expired EP0168562B1 (fr) 1984-07-20 1985-04-18 Machine de levage avec protection contre la surcharge

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4698565A (fr)
EP (1) EP0168562B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6137692A (fr)
AT (1) ATE47370T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3426746C1 (fr)
NO (1) NO159009C (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3714903A1 (de) * 1987-05-05 1988-11-24 Skt Podem Ueberlastbegrenzer fuer hebemaschinen
US4965847A (en) * 1989-01-31 1990-10-23 Harnischfeger Corporation Method and apparatus for detecting deviation of motor speed from frequency of power supply
US6910553B1 (en) * 1998-02-07 2005-06-28 Herman Steinweg Gmbh Co. & Kg Baumaschinenfabrik Building elevator
ES2154578B1 (es) * 1998-12-30 2001-11-16 Dynatech Dynamics & Technology Procedimiento de medida de la carga de ascensores.
FI115966B (fi) * 2000-08-29 2005-08-31 Kci Kone Cranes Int Oy Menetelmä ja laitteisto nostimen nostomoottorin jarrun avautumisen valvontaan
US6720751B2 (en) * 2000-09-29 2004-04-13 Mhe Technologies, Inc. Material handling system and method of operating the same
US7574013B2 (en) 2004-12-14 2009-08-11 Panasonic Corporation Speaker
CN110203839B (zh) * 2019-04-28 2025-03-11 浙江诺和机电股份有限公司 一种使用可靠的绞盘
FI131689B1 (fi) * 2020-04-29 2025-09-17 Konecranes Global Oy Nosturin nostokoneisto ja menetelmä sen käyttämiseksi

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2466167A (en) * 1945-02-06 1949-04-05 Foulds William Geoffrey Fast and slow speed driving means for electric lifts
DE1810565A1 (de) * 1968-11-23 1970-06-18 Erichsen A M Gmbh Kraftmessgeraet
US3725762A (en) * 1971-08-05 1973-04-03 Fischer & Porter Co Hybrid process controller operable in the automatic and manual
US3836834A (en) * 1973-11-13 1974-09-17 Atomic Energy Commission Machine protection system
DE2516768A1 (de) * 1975-04-16 1976-10-28 Demag Ag Ueberlastsicherung fuer hebezeuge
CH615538A5 (fr) * 1977-03-04 1980-01-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie
DE2722549B1 (de) * 1977-05-18 1978-10-12 Demag Ag UEberlastsicherung fuer ein Hebezeug
FR2501660A1 (fr) * 1981-03-16 1982-09-17 Precilec Dispositif de securite s'opposant a la surcharge d'une grue mobile ou d'un engin de levage et de manutention

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0168562A3 (en) 1988-07-27
JPH0357039B2 (fr) 1991-08-29
US4698565A (en) 1987-10-06
NO851744L (no) 1986-01-21
DE3426746C1 (de) 1986-02-13
NO159009C (no) 1988-11-23
ATE47370T1 (de) 1989-11-15
EP0168562B1 (fr) 1989-10-18
NO159009B (no) 1988-08-15
JPS6137692A (ja) 1986-02-22

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