EP0169823B1 - Système émetteur-récepteur d'un satellite - Google Patents

Système émetteur-récepteur d'un satellite Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0169823B1
EP0169823B1 EP85850204A EP85850204A EP0169823B1 EP 0169823 B1 EP0169823 B1 EP 0169823B1 EP 85850204 A EP85850204 A EP 85850204A EP 85850204 A EP85850204 A EP 85850204A EP 0169823 B1 EP0169823 B1 EP 0169823B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
antenna
end point
signals
transmitter
polarised
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85850204A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0169823A1 (fr
Inventor
Stefan John Henry Karnevi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
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Publication date
Application filed by Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB filed Critical Telefonaktiebolaget LM Ericsson AB
Publication of EP0169823A1 publication Critical patent/EP0169823A1/fr
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q11/00—Electrically-long antennas having dimensions more than twice the shortest operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q11/02—Non-resonant antennas, e.g. travelling-wave antenna
    • H01Q11/08—Helical antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • H01Q1/362—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith for broadside radiating helical antennas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a transmitter-receiver system, which as a link in a satellite will receive and transmit signals in the microwave range between one earth station and another earth station. More specifically the invention relates to a transmitter-receiver system in which a new type of omnidirectional circularly polarised aerial or antenna is included.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a typical aerial diagram for the known quadrifilar helix aerial (field strength FS as a function of the angle O from the antenna axis).
  • the antenna has good coverage for right-hand polarised interference signal, almost up to 120° width in this case, but that a left-hand polarised interference signal also occurs at lobe angles around 90°, since this signal does not contribute further to the lobe width.
  • the earth station is capable of receiveing (or transmitting) both ledt and right polarised signals at the same time, high cross polarisation could be useful. Most earth stations can receive both types.
  • the antenna in the transmitter-receiver system it is included in is formed as an octofilar crossed helix antenna, resulting in that there is obtained the desired high cross polarisation, apart from the normal polarisation.
  • LHC left polarised signals
  • the proposed transmitter-receiver system is implemented as defined in the characterising portion of claim 1.
  • Figure 1 is a lobe diagram for a known quadrifilar antenna.
  • a first and a second transmitter-receiver unit are respectively denoted by SM1 and SM2 in the block diagram according to Figure 2. These units are conventional and are connected in a suitable way to a directional switch RK (3dB hybrid). Both outputs of the switch are connected to an adaptor unit BL, a so-called « balun » which diverts the signals sent from the switch to four outputs in this case, from which signals with different phase shifts 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° are obtained.
  • the balun BL shown in detail in Figure 4, further serves as mechanical support for the antenna unit AN, which is shown in more detail in Figure 3.
  • This unit is an octofilar crossed helix antenna, which has the property of transmitting and receiving cross-polarised signals, such that it acts omnidirectionally within a given angle O.
  • the fact that the antenna unit ARI has high cross polarisation enables both right and left polarised signals to be processed by the system, providing that both types of signals can be processed simultaneously or individually by the earth station.
  • the transmitter-receiver unit SMI may be intended for the right-hand polarised (RHC) signals as chief polarisation, while the unit SM2 is then intended for the left-hand polarised (LHC) signals as chief polarisation.
  • the directional switch RK equally divides the power from a transmitter-receiver unit on its two outputs, mutually phase-shifted 90°.
  • the radiation diagram for the antenna AN will have the appearance depicted in Figure 5.
  • the radiation diagram from the unit SM2, which is then connected to the other input of the switch RK, will have the appearance as in Figure 5, except that the denotations RHC and LHC change places.
  • Which SM unit is used depends on the application, but most usual is that SM2 replaces SM1 if the latter fails, i. e. a redundant system. It is, however, quite possible to use both transmitter-receiver units simultaneously.
  • Figure 3 illustrates the appearance of the antenna unit AN in more detail.
  • this is an octofilar crossed helix antenna, in contradistinction to previously known systems, in which a quadrifilar helix was utilised.
  • the antenna is in principle built up from two crossing arms with a given mutual spacing.
  • One pair of crossed arms a,, a3 and a 2 , a4 define an upper antenna plane with end points k 1 -k 4 , and the other pair a 5 -a 7 and a 6 , as defines a lower antenna plane with end points k 5 -k 8 .
  • the arms a 1 -a 4 in the upper plane and arms as-as in the lower are situated relative each other such that respective end points k 1 -k 4 and k 5 -k 8 are directly opposing, i. e. end point k, is opposite k s , k 2 is opposite k 6 etc.
  • Two wires run from each point in the upper plane to the end points in the lower plane, that are situated nearest before and nearest after the end point, opposite the first-mentioned end point.
  • the wires t l6 and t, 8 run from the end point k 1 to the end points k 6 and k 8 in the lower plane
  • the wires e 25 and e 27 run correspondingly from the end point k 2 to the points k s and k 7
  • the wires t 36 and t38 from the end point k 3 to end points k 6 and k 8
  • the wires t 45 , t 47 run from the end point k 4 to the points k 5 and k 7 .
  • the octofilar helix antenna illustrated in Figure may be said to consist of two quadrifilar helix antenna, of which one (antenna elements : wires t 18 , t 25 , t 36 , t 47 ) can receive left polarised, and the other (antenna elements : wire t 16 , t 27 , t 38 , t 45 ) can receive right polarised signals.
  • the antenna radiation element thus comprises conductive wires (usually of copper), which depart in pairs from each of four end points k l , k 2 , k 3 , k 4 in a plane, the wires being bent and twisted with uniform pitch a quarter of a turn forwards or backwards, as respectively seen from each of the end points in the upper and lower planes of the antenna.
  • conductive wires usually of copper
  • FIG. 5 is the radiation diagram for the octofilar helix antenna according to Figure 3 with right-hand polarisation. It will be seen from the diagram that the antenna lobe angle for both left and right polarised signals is increased, particularly for left polarised signals (cross polarised), compared with the diagram of Figure 1.
  • RHC right-hand polarised signals
  • LHC left-hand polarised signals
  • the location of the radiation lobes (field strength) in the 0 direction may be changed for a given microfrequency by changing the radial distance r and/or the height h, the pitch angle O in Figure 3.
  • FIG 4 illustrates in detail how the octofilar helix antenna is arranged at its feed end (the upper antenna plane) as a balun.
  • the four coaxial conductors b1-b4 of the balun have their respective screens connected to a common earth or ground plane JP.
  • the centre conductors are connected to the four arms a1, a4, of the helix antenna, these being split up in pairs and each pair bridged by a bridge b13 and b24, respectively. Feeding the microwave signals to the four arms a1-a4 is thus obtained, the arms being mutually relatively displaced by 90°.
  • the antenna elements i. e.
  • the wires t8, t16 etc run from the respective end points k1-k4 of the arms a1-a4, as illustrated in Figure 3.
  • the end points k5, k6, k7 and k8 may be attached by the' arms a5-a6 to the balun ground plane JP in a suitable way, or by an unillustrated screen to the balun, e. g. as illustrated for the quadrifilar helix antenna, discussed in the above-mentioned article from « The Microwave Journal , see Figure 1.
  • the helix antenna radiation elements i. e. the wires t6, t18 etc, may each have a length equal to a multiple of ⁇ /2, so that they form a resonant antenna, which is the preferred embodiment. In some applications, however, it is advantageous to form the antenna as non-resonant.
  • the antenna may be manufactured according to known technique. It is very light with wide bandwidth, compared with a slitted wave conductor antenna.
  • the inventive system is primarily intended as a link antenna in satellite projects concerned with so-called relemetry and rele command links.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Radio Relay Systems (AREA)

Claims (2)

1. Un système émetteur-récepteur remplissant une fonction de liaison dans un satellite et comportant une antenne omnidirectionnelle à polarisation circulaire (AN), un adaptateur (BL) destiné à appliquer aux éléments d'antenne des signaux de phase appropriée (0°, 90°, 180°, 270°), un dispositif de commutation directionnel (RK) destiné à transmettre à l'adapteur (BL) des signaux mutuellement déphasés (0°, 90°), et un dispositif émetteur-récepteur (SM1, SM2) destiné à traiter les signaux reçus ou émis par l'antenne (AN), caractérisé en ce que l'antenne (AN) est une antenne à hélice à huit fils comportant quatre éléments d'antenne vrillés en sens direct (t16, t27, t38, t45) et quatre éléments d'antenne vrillés en sens inverse (t18, t25, t36, t47), les éléments vrillés en sens direct et en sens inverse (t16-t18 ; t27-t25 ; t38-t36 ; t45-t47) étant alimentés par paires à partir d'un point commun (respectivement kl, k2, k3, k4), pour obtenir une bonne couverture de lobe à la fois avec des signaux en polarisation à droite (RHC) et des signaux en polarisation à gauche (LHC).
2. Système selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'antenne (AN) comprend deux paires de bras croisés (a1-a4 et a5-a8), qui ont un écartement mutuel donné (h), et qui sont disposés de façon que les points d'extrémités des bras de chaque paire soient placés pratiquement face à face, les éléments d'antenne comprenant des fils (t16s-t47) disposés de façon qu'en partant des points d'extrémités d'une paire de bras (a,-a4), un premier fil (par exemple t16) s'étende d'un point d'extrémité (par exemple k1) vers le point d'extrémité (par exemple ks) de l'autre paire de bras (a5-a8), ce point d'extrémité (k6) étant situé face au point d'extrémité précédent le plus proche (k2, et un second fil (par exemple t18) s'étende du point d'extrémité mentionné en premier (k,) jusqu'au point d'extrémité (ks) de l'autre paire de bras (a5-a8) qui est opposé au point d'extrémité le plus proche qui suit le point d'extrémité mentionné en premier (k1).
EP85850204A 1984-07-20 1985-06-12 Système émetteur-récepteur d'un satellite Expired EP0169823B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8403812 1984-07-20
SE8403812A SE443691B (sv) 1984-07-20 1984-07-20 Sendar-mottagarsystem i en satellit

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0169823A1 EP0169823A1 (fr) 1986-01-29
EP0169823B1 true EP0169823B1 (fr) 1988-07-06

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85850204A Expired EP0169823B1 (fr) 1984-07-20 1985-06-12 Système émetteur-récepteur d'un satellite

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP0169823B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3563673D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES8704053A1 (fr)
SE (1) SE443691B (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2597267B1 (fr) * 1986-04-15 1988-07-22 Alcatel Espace Antenne a haute efficacite
FR2654554B1 (fr) * 1989-11-10 1992-07-31 France Etat Antenne en helice, quadrifilaire, resonnante bicouche.
AU693616B2 (en) * 1994-12-06 1998-07-02 Andrew Llc A helical antenna
US6025816A (en) * 1996-12-24 2000-02-15 Ericsson Inc. Antenna system for dual mode satellite/cellular portable phone
EP0957533B1 (fr) * 1997-12-03 2004-05-06 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif antenne combine
JP3892129B2 (ja) * 1998-01-23 2007-03-14 松下電器産業株式会社 携帯無線機
GB0623774D0 (en) 2006-11-28 2007-01-10 Sarantel Ltd An Antenna Assembly Including a Dielectrically Loaded Antenna

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1129191B (de) * 1960-12-14 1962-05-10 Siemens Ag Richtantenne fuer sehr kurze elektromagnetische Wellen
US4011567A (en) * 1976-01-28 1977-03-08 Rca Corporation Circularly polarized, broadside firing, multihelical antenna

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
K. ROTHAMMEL: "Antennenbruch", 7. Edition, 1981 Telekosmos Verlag, pages 468-472. *
THE MICROWAVE JOURNAL, December 1970, pages 49-54, C. KILGUS: "Resonant Quadrifilar Helix Design" *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3563673D1 (en) 1988-08-11
ES545381A0 (es) 1987-03-01
SE8403812D0 (sv) 1984-07-20
SE8403812L (sv) 1986-01-21
SE443691B (sv) 1986-03-03
ES8704053A1 (es) 1987-03-01
EP0169823A1 (fr) 1986-01-29

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