EP0171191B1 - Dispositif pour compresser isostatiquement à chaud - Google Patents

Dispositif pour compresser isostatiquement à chaud Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0171191B1
EP0171191B1 EP85304843A EP85304843A EP0171191B1 EP 0171191 B1 EP0171191 B1 EP 0171191B1 EP 85304843 A EP85304843 A EP 85304843A EP 85304843 A EP85304843 A EP 85304843A EP 0171191 B1 EP0171191 B1 EP 0171191B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
station
processed
auxiliary
transfer
high pressure
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85304843A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0171191A1 (fr
Inventor
Akira Asari
Tsuneharu Masuda
Tsuneya Ueno
Masanori Kurita
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kobe Steel Ltd
Original Assignee
Kobe Steel Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP59143809A external-priority patent/JPS6122188A/ja
Priority claimed from JP59197492A external-priority patent/JPS6176876A/ja
Priority claimed from JP19749384A external-priority patent/JPS6176877A/ja
Priority claimed from JP1984171400U external-priority patent/JPH0234593Y2/ja
Priority claimed from JP23909084A external-priority patent/JPS61119400A/ja
Priority claimed from JP59239089A external-priority patent/JPS61116285A/ja
Application filed by Kobe Steel Ltd filed Critical Kobe Steel Ltd
Publication of EP0171191A1 publication Critical patent/EP0171191A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0171191B1 publication Critical patent/EP0171191B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any of groups F27B1/00 - F27B15/00
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02—Compacting only
    • B22F3/03—Press-moulding apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
    • B22F3/15—Hot isostatic pressing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/001—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a flexible element, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure; Isostatic presses
    • B30B11/002—Isostatic press chambers; Press stands therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/28—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for forming shaped articles

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to hot isostatic pressing apparatus in which a material to be processed such as preliminarily shaped metal powder or the like is charged into a high pressure vessel provided with a heater, and the material is pressed and molded by superhigh boosted pressure of fluid or gas medium sealed into the vessel and heating by a heater, making it possible to attain high efficiency of actual production equipment.
  • a material to be processed such as preliminarily shaped metal powder or the like is charged into a high pressure vessel provided with a heater, and the material is pressed and molded by superhigh boosted pressure of fluid or gas medium sealed into the vessel and heating by a heater, making it possible to attain high efficiency of actual production equipment.
  • the present invention further relates to apparatus in which in stepwise execution of processing operation as required with respect to various materials to be processed including metal material, successive transfer of the material to be processed from one station to the other is automatically performed within a closed operating space.
  • a hot isostatic pressing apparatus is known as one of superhigh press molding technologies without particularly illustrating it as a so-called HIP apparatus, in which hot isostatic pressing apparatus, a material to be processed such as preliminarily shaped metal powder is charged into a high pressure vessel provided with a heater and the interior of which vessel is in a vacuum state or in an active and inactive gas atmosphere, and the material is pressed and molded into a block-like configuration by superhigh boosted pressure of fluid or gas medium sealed into the vessel.
  • Actual production equipment of such apparatus principally comprises a high pressure vessel of a sealed construction in which a part thereof is opened and closed by a cover and the vessel is isolated from the outside by the closure of the cover, as is known.
  • This vessel is merely accompanied by means for opening and closing a cover and means for carrying a material to be processed in and out of the vessel, which means are both exposed to the outside of the vessel, and considerable handling operation is required.
  • a heater using an energizing heat generating wire formed of molybdenum group or graphite group material is ordinarily used in a relatively high temperature area.
  • a heater is oxidized (consumed) when it is exposed to the air, and therefore, in removal of a material to be processed, from the high pressure vessel, which is pressed and molded under the sealed condition in the vessel, it is necessary to wait its removal until the heater has been cooled to some degree after high temperature and high pressure have been released. This naturally involves a longer press cycle time and impairs an increase in productivity.
  • the molybdenum group or graphite group heater is oxidized in a high temperature atmosphere, there is one which requires a nonoxidizing atmosphere and the other which requires a special atmosphere where a material to be processed cannot be removed at a high temperature in the atmosphere.
  • one step of operation is not enough to form a material to be processed of metal from a blank to a finished product but stepwise processing after preliminary molding is required, and in case hot treatment is applied thereto, heat treatment such as heating is also required.
  • transfer means for blanks and half-finished products for transferring them from one station to the other have to be provided.
  • conveyors and other transfer means are merely generally used under atmospheric environement (see for example US Patent Specification 3698843 ( Figure 1) and DE-A 3239316 ( Figure 7)).
  • thermo-environment or atmospheric environment For materials to be processed for which specific thermo-environment or atmospheric environment is required, special consideration has to be naturally attended to the transfer means therefor.
  • HIP apparatus which is one of superhigh presses
  • a preliminarily shaped material to be treated such as metal powder is charged into a high pressure vessel provided with a heater and the interior of which vessel is in a vacuum state or in an active and inactive gas atmosphere, and the material to be processed is pressed and formed into a block-like configuration by superhigh boosted pressure of fluid (liquid gas) sealed into the vessel.
  • this apparatus principally comprises a high pressure vessel which is isolated from the outside by an openable cover.
  • Means for opening and closing the cover and means for carrying the material to be processed in and out of the vessel are merely provided in a state exposed to the outside of the vessel.
  • a heater used in the high pressure vessel a heater using an energizing heat generating wire formed of molybdenum group or graphite group material is ordinarily used.
  • the heater of this kind is oxidized (consumed) when it is exposed to the air, and therefore, in removal of a material to be processed, from the high pressure vessel, which is pressed and molded under the sealed condition in the vessel, it is necessary to wait its removal until the heater has been cooled to some degree after high temperature and high pressure have been released.
  • a material to be processed is set in the vessel at normal temperature and normal pressure and thereafter temperature and pressure are increased. Therefore, this involves a longer press cycle and impairs a productivity.
  • transfer means In heating a material to be processed in a separate antepro- cessing, complicated equipment and cumbersome operation are brought fourth in terms of time as well as place according to conventional transfer means.
  • transfer means In not only the HIP apparatus but apparatus which performs operating steps at separate places and requires a transfer between the respective steps, transfer means have to be provided therefor.
  • conventional transfer means often give rise to inconveniences.
  • the present applicant is desirous of developing a so-called continuous hot isostatic pressing apparatus which is designed so that a hot isostatic forming high pressure vessel and an operating chamber for inserting or removing a material to be processed are brought into communication with each other by a sealed tank, and the material to be processed is transferred within the sealed tank.
  • the present application provides a continuous hot isostatic pressing apparatus comprising:
  • the apparatus may preferably be arranged as a rotary type continuous hot isostatic pressing apparatus in which the tank comprises:
  • the apparatus may further include a tunnel-like preheating furnace disposed within said sealed tank, said preheating furnace being sized to accommodate therein a plurality of the workpieces, there being door means disposed at first and second ends of said preheating furnace for selectively thermally isolating the interior of said preheating furnace from said common atmos- p here in said sealed tank;
  • a cooling furnace provided in a communication chamber of the sealed tank, said cooling furnace having transfer means capable of accommodating a plurality of workpieces to be processed and transferring the workpieces to be processed between stations; and transfer means for successively transferring workpieces to be processed from one station to the preheating furnace, from the preheating furnace to the main station, from the main station to the cooling furnace, and from the cooling furnace to another station.
  • a detector connected to axially spaced seal elements provided in a fitted portion between the interior of a chamber and the respective cover means, a hole extending from between said seal elements, and a sensor communicating with said hole.
  • Figure 1 to Figure 7 are views in connection with a first aspect of the invention (hereinafter referred to "the aspect (I)”), in which: Figure 1 (A) is a longitudinal sectional front view of a first embodiment of apparatus in accordance with the invention (I), Figure 1 (B) is a cross sectional plan view of transfer, Figure 1 (C) is a longitudinal sectional side view, Figure 2 (A) is a longitudinal sectional front view of a second embodiment, Figure 2 (B) is a cross sectional plan view of transfer, Figure 3 (A) is a longitudinal sectional front view of a third embodiment, Figure 3 (B) is a cross sectional plan view of transfer, Figure 4 (A) is a longitudinal sectional front view of a fourth embodiment, Figure 4 (B) is a cross sectional plan view of transfer, Figure 5 (A) is a longitudinal sectional front view of a fifth embodiment, Figure 5 (B) is a cross sectional plan view of transfer, Figure 6 (1a) and (1b) illustrate operation of the first embodiment, Figure 6 (I
  • Figure 8 to Figure 24 are views in connection with a second aspect of the invention (hereinafter referred to "the aspect (II)”), in which: Figure 8 is a schematic plan view of a first embodiment, Figure 9 is a sectional view taken on line A-A of Figure 8, Figure 10 is a sectional view taken on line B-B of Figure 8, Figure 11 is a sectional view taken on line E-E of Figure 8, Figure 12 is a sectional view taken on line F-F of Figure 8, Figure 13 is a schematic plan view of a second embodiment, Figure 14 is a schematic plan view of a third embodiment, Figure 15 is a schematic plan view of a fourth embodiment, Figure 16 is a schematic plan view of a fifth embodiment, Figure 17 is a sectional view taken on line C-C of Figures 15 and 16, Figure 18 is a sectional view taken on line D-D of Figures 14 and 16, Figures 19-22 are developed sectional views for explaining the operating step of the fifth embodiment, Figure 23 (a) to (e) illustrate operation of the embodiments of the aspect (II
  • Figures 25 to 35 are views in connection with a third aspect of the invention (hereinafter referred to as "the aspect (III)”), in which: Figure 25 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a first embodiment, Figure 26 is a sectional view taken on line A-A of Figure 25, Figure 27 is a side view of an embodiment of a transfer shaft rotational mechanism, Figure 28 is a sectional view taken on line D-D of Figure 26, Figure 29 is a longitudinal sectional side view of an opening and closing cover above the operating chamber, Figure 30 is a plan view of the same, Figure 31 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing essential parts of a second embodiment of apparatus, Figure 32 is a cross sectional plan view of the same, Figure 33 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing essential parts of a third embodiment, Figure 34 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing essential parts of a fourth embodiment, and Figure 35 is a longitudinal sectional front view of a fifth embodiment;
  • Figures 36 to 48 are views in connection with a fourth aspect of the invention (hereinafter referred to as "the aspect (IV)”), in which: Figure 36 is a schematic plan view of a first embodiment, Figure 37 (a) is a sectional view taken on line A-A of Figure 36, Figure 37 (b) is a view taken on line a-a of Figure 37 (a), Figure 38 is a sectional view taken on line B-B of Figure 36, Figure 39 is a sectional view taken on line C-C of Figure 36, Figure 40 is a sectional view taken on line D-D of Figure 36, Figure 41 is a sectional view taken on line E-E of Figure 36, Figure 42 is a sectional view showing a driving section of Figure 41, Figure 8 is a schematic plan view of a second embodiment, Figure 44 is a schematic plan view of a third embodiment, Figure 45 is a schematic plan view showing an embodiment of the second technical means of the invention, Figure 46 is a sectional view taken on line C-C of Figure 45, Figure 47 is a section
  • Figures 49 to 59 are views in connection with a fifth aspect of the invention (hereinafter referred to as "the aspect (V)", in which: Figures 49 to 54 show a first embodiment, Figure 49 is a sectional view in which a material to be processed is inserted and removed, Figure 54 is a sectional view in which an operating chamber and a communication chamber are in the same atmosphere, Figure 51 is a sectional view in which a material to be processed is moved down to the communication chamber, Figure 52 is a cross sectional plan view of Figure 51, Figure 53 is a sectional view taken on line A-A of Figure 52, Figure 54 is a sectional view taken on line B-B of Figure 52, and Figures 55 to 59 show a second embodiment, Figure 55 is a plan view, Figure 56 is a sectional view taken on line C-C of Figure 55, Figure 57 is a sectional view taken on line D-D of Figure 55, Figure 58 is a sectional view taken on line E-E of Figure 55, and Figure 59 is a sectional view
  • Figures 60 to 65 are views in connection with a six aspect of the invention (hereinafter referred to as "the aspect (VI)”), in which Figures 60 to 63 show a first embodiment of the invention, Figure 60 is a structural view of essential parts, Figure 61 is a schematic plan view showing the arrangement of the whole structure, Figure 62 is a developed sectional view of the same, Figure 63 is an enlarged view taken on line IV-IV of Figure 61, and Figures 64 and 65 are structural views showing another embodiment.
  • the aspect (VI) the aspect of the invention
  • Figures 60 to 63 show a first embodiment of the invention
  • Figure 60 is a structural view of essential parts
  • Figure 61 is a schematic plan view showing the arrangement of the whole structure
  • Figure 62 is a developed sectional view of the same
  • Figure 63 is an enlarged view taken on line IV-IV of Figure 61
  • Figures 64 and 65 are structural views showing another embodiment.
  • the apparatus comprises a main station 31 and an auxiliary station 32, in which main station 31, a high pressure vessel 2 one end (a lower end, in the illustrated embodiment) of which is open is fixedly mounted at an upper portion of a press frame 1, a movable cover member 8a for openably closing an open one end, that is, an opening 2a for moving a material to be processed 5 in and out of the vessel 2 is disposed at a lower portion of the press frame 1 through an elevating device 9, said cover member 8a being moved up and down towards the opening 2a, and a member 7a for moving the material to be processed 5 in and out of the vessel 2 is integrally provided on the upper surface of the movable cover member 8a, and in which auxiliary station 32 which is positioned adjacent to the main station 31, an operating chamber 11 one end (a lower end, in the illustrated embodiment) is open as an opening 11a and the other end (an upper end, in the illustrated embodiment) of which serves as an opening and closing cover 10 (
  • the material to be processed 5 can be charged into the vessel 2 through the member 7a provided on the upper surface of the movable cover member 8a simultaneously with the closure of the movable cover member 8a with respect to the opening 2a of the high pressure vessel 2. Accordingly, under this condition, the material to be processed 5 can be subjected to molding operation by hot isostatic pressing by heating by a heater 4 provided with within the vessel 2 through a heat insulating layer 3, by superhigh boosted pressure of fluid or gas medium sealed into the vessel 2 as is known though not shown, and under the vacuum state or active or inert gas atmosphere state within the vessel.
  • a high pressure gas generator As in prior art, attached to the HIP apparatus body are a high pressure gas generator, a vacuum device, a vessel cooler, a heater energizing device and the like.
  • the movable cover member 8b with the member 7b for moving the material to be processed 5 provided on the upper surface thereof is made openable relative to the opening 11 a of the operating chamber 11, whereby the operating chamber 11 can be utilized to apply necessary processing operation to the material to be processed 5 prior to or posterior to pressing.
  • the movable cover member 8b is closed over the opening 11 a to thereby open the opening and closing cover 10 of the operating chamber 11 to communicate into the air, the material to be processed 5 prior to pressing is charged into the chamber, and the material to be processed is set on the member 7b.
  • the opening and closing cover 10 is closed to thereby independently seal the operating chamber 11 so as to be placed in the same atmosphere as that of the sealed tank, after which the movable cover member 8b is moved down for the preparation to carry the material to be processed 5 towards the main station 31.
  • the movable cover member 8b is moved up and closed over the opening 11a, the material to be processed 5 is fed into the operating chamber 11 to form the atmosphere which is the same as that of the sealed tank into an atmospheric pressure, and thereafter the opening and closing cover 10 is opened.
  • attaching and removing of a material to be processed, and other various operations such as ante-processing, and post-processing required before and after a material to be processed has been pressed, can be independently carried out, and in addition, these operations can be carried out in a manner in cooperation with the pressing operation in the main station 31.
  • Sealed tanks 12a and 12b for interrupting internal spaces 31a, 32a in the main and auxiliary stations 31, 32 from outside and surrounding them in a communicating state are airtightly externally fitted whereby both the spaces 31 a, 32a are interrupted from outside. Integral spaces communicated each other are formed, and thus, a gas cylinder 51 and a vacuum pump 53 are communicatingly provided on either side of the sealed tanks 12a or 12b, whereby the internal spaces 31a, 32a can be placed in the same environment as the vacuum state or active or inert gas atmosphere in the high pressure vessel 2.
  • the object of the present invention may be easily achieved by the provision of a transfer device 14 comprising a transfer member 14a provided movably between the internal spaces 31 a, 32a and a support member 6 for the material to be processed 5 disengageably held on the transfer member 14a. While in the illustrated embodiment, the transfer device is extended externally, but it can be housed within the tank.
  • the transfer member 14a is moved rightwards as viewed in the drawing whereby the support member 6 and already processed material to be processed 5 are transferred towards the auxiliary station 32, and when the support member 6 arrives at a position where it is overlapped with the member 7b on the movable cover member 8b of the station 32, the transfer member 14a is stopped and the engagement between the member 14a and support member 6 is released.
  • the movable cover member 8b is moved up, the movable cover member 8b is closed over the opening 11 a of the operating chamber 11, and at the same time, the material to be processed 5 and support member 6 are fed into the operating chamber 11 to form only the interior of the operating chamber into atmospheric pressure while maintaining the interior of the sealed tank under the vacuum, active or inert gas atmosphere. Accordingly, the material to be processed 5 can be removed outside through the opening and closing cover 10 irrespective of the sealed tank. Particularly, in inserting a material to be processed prior to processing into the high pressure vessel, since the sealed tank is in the atmosphere in which a heater is not oxidized, the heater can be inserted while maintaining the high temperature.
  • auxiliary station 32 can be increased in number as necessary with respect to a single unit of main station 31, it is possible to materially enhance the shortening, efficiency and productivity of the press cycle as the actual production equipment including all the ante- and post processings required for the material to be processed 5.
  • one unit of auxiliary station 32 is used with respect to the main station 31, the auxiliary station 32 serving as an inserting and removing station of the material to be processed 5.
  • a known high pressure vessel 2 which houses a heat insulating layer 5 and a heater 4 and having an opening 2a provided at a lower end thereof is installed at the upper portion of a press frame 1 having an internal space 31a, and an elevating device 9 comprising a movable cylinder 9a and a fixed piston rod 9b is installed at a lower portion of the press frame 1 sufficiently withstanding an axial force, the movable cylinder 9a having a movable cover member 8a mounted thereon, the movable cover member 8a having a moving member 7a for the material to be processed 5 provided on the upper surface of the movable cover member 8a.
  • an engaging portion 9c is formed at a part of the movable cylinder 9a as one member of the high pressure vessel 2 to close the opening 2a in a sealing fashion to receive a forming reaction by superhigh pressure, and a clamp 15a of a clamping device 15 for receiving the reaction positioned on the press frame 1 is clamped during pressing operation.
  • the press frame is not limited to one shown in this embodiment but other type of the press frame can be used.
  • an opening and closing cover 10 is openably provided on the upper end thereof, and a cylindrical operating chamber 1 having an opening 11a formed at the lower end thereof is arranged, whereas at a lower level on the line of the elevating device 9, an elevating device 13 comprising a cylinder 13a and a piston rod 13b is disposed, the piston rod 13b having a movable cover member 8b for openably closing the opening 11 a provided thereon, the movable cover member 8b having a moving member 7b for the material to be processed 5 provided on the upper surface thereof, and an internal space 32a in communication with an internal space 31 a of the main station 31 is provided between the operating chamber 11 and the elevating device 13.
  • This sealed tank can be of an integral body.
  • Sealed tanks 12a, 12b are integrally fixed to surround in common internal spaces 31a, 32a of the main station 31 and auxiliary station 32 to interrupt them from outside.
  • Active or inert gas is supplied through a gas cylinder 51, a reducing valve 52 and a pipe line 54 to either of the sealed tanks 12a or 12b whereby the required gas atmosphere can be created over the whole area within the tank, and vacuum pumps 53a, 53b likewise cause to create a vaccum state individually in the whole area in the tank and in the operating chamber 11 through a pipe line 55.
  • a pair of transfer members 14a, 14a constituting the transfer device 14 mounted so that they may be retractably and rotatably over the overall length of the tank, and a support member 6 for the material to be processed 5 is held by clamp holders 14b, 14b provided in a symmetrical position of the transfer members 14a, 14a.
  • the pair of transfer members 14a, 14a have their each end projected externally of the tank 12a and held on a bracket 33, and the bracket 33 is connected to a piston rod 34a of a movable cylinder 34 for forward and backward movement.
  • Gears 35, 35 are mounted on one ends of the transfer members 14a, 14a, respectively, and rack gears 37a, 37a of a rack rod 37 held on a piston rod 36a of a driving cylinder 36 provided on the bracket 33 are meshed with the gears 35, 35, respectively, and the transfer members 14a, 14a are rotated normally and reversely through the vertical movement of the rack rod 37 and through the rotation of the gears 35, 35 whereby the clamp holders 14b, 14b may be engaged with and disengaged from the support member 6.
  • the interior of the sealed tanks 12a, 1b is made under the same vacuum state or, active or inert gas atmosphere as that of the high pressure vessel 2, and the movable cover member 8b on the side of the auxiliary station 32 is moved up to close the opening 11 a of the operating chamber 11 to interrupt the operating chamber 11 from the internal space 32a.
  • the movable cover member 8b is positioned within the operating chamber, and the opening and closing cover 10 is opened to place the material to be processed 5 on the moving member 7a together with the support member 6, whereas the opening and closing cover 10 is closed to form the interior of the operating chamber 11 into the same atmosphere as that of the internal space 32a, which after the movable cover member 8b, moving member 7b, support member 6 and material to be processed 5 are all moved down.
  • the transfer members 14a, 14a are moved to advance the clamp holders 14b, 14b to a position corresponding to the peripheral side of the support member 6, and the clamp holders 14b, 14b are turned through the rotation of the transfer members 14a, 14a into engagement on the peripheral side of the support member 6 as shown in Figure 1 (C), after which the transfer members 14a, 14a are moved towards the main station 31 through the cylinder 24.
  • the transfer members 14a, 14a are stopped at a position where the support member 6 is overlapped on the moving member 7a of the movable cover member 8a, and the clamp holders 14b, 14b are turned to release the engagement between the transfer members 14a, 14a and the support member 6, after which the movable cover members 8a is moved up to close the opening 2a of the high pressure vessel 2 whereby the material to be processed 5 is charged into the vessel 2 through the moving member 7a and support member 6 to apply the hot isostatic pressing to the material to be processed 5 in a known manner.
  • the movable cover member 8a Upon com p le- tion of pressing, the movable cover member 8a is immediately moved down to remove the material to be processed 5 from the vessel 2, and in the state shown in Figure 1 (A), the clamp holders 14b, 14b of the transfer members 14a, 14a are again brought into engagement with the support member 6 to move th,e support member 6 and material to be processed 5 towards the auxiliary station 32 to disengage the clamp holders 14b, 14b from the support member 6.
  • the movable cover member 8b is moved up, and the support member 6 and material to be processed 5 are fed into the operating chamber 11 through the moving member 7b.
  • the operating chamber is formed into atmospheric pressure and thereafter the opening and closing cover 10 is opened to remove the material to be processed 5, and a new material to be processed 5 is placed on the support member 6 for repetition of press cycle. That is, the press cycle can be progressed in a fully automatic manner. And, attaching and removing of a material to be processed from the high pressure vessel can be carried out irrespective of the heater oxidizing preventive temperature since the heater is interrupted from the air and in a non-oxidized state even if the heater is in a high temperature energized state, thus materially enhancing the productivity and further obtaining uniform and stabilized operations.
  • auxiliary stations 32A and 32B are arranged adjacent to each other and with a main station 31 sandwiched therebetween.
  • the auxiliary station 32A serves as an inserting station for a material to be processed 5
  • the auxiliary station 32B serves as a removing station for the material to be processed 5.
  • This station can be of a combined station incorporating therein cooling and preheating members which will be described later.
  • the same reference numerals as those used in the first embodiment indicate the same members as those of the first embodiment, the difference therebetween being described in the following.
  • a gas supply line 54a, a vacuum pump 53b and a pipe line 55 are provided in an operating chamber 11A provided with an opening and closing cover 10a, whereas in the removing auxiliary station 32B, a gas cylinder 51, and vacuum pumps 53a, 53c as well as pipe lines 54, 55 are provided on the side of an operating chamber 11 b, provided with an opening and closing cover 10b and a sealed tank 12b.
  • a moving member 7b, a movable cover member 8b and an elevating device 13A are provided, whereas in the removing auxiliary station 32B, a moving member 7c, a movable cover member 8c and an elevating device 13b are provided.
  • the sealed tanks 12a, 12b cover in common internal spaces 31a, 32a, and 32a of the stations 31, 32A and 32B.
  • a transfer device 14 as shown in Figure 2 (B), in a pair of parallel transfer members 14a, 14a, the stations 31, 32A and 32B are positioned at regular intervals of equal pitch, and in correspondence thereto, two sects of clamp holders 14b, 14b and clamp holders 14b, 14b are provided in a spaced relation of the same pitch as the former.
  • the hot isostatic pressing with respect to the material to be processed 5 and the insertion and removal of the material to be processed 5 are carried out in the following procedure.
  • the state shown in Figure 2 (A) is a state wherein the material to be processed 5 has already undergone the pressing in the central main station 31 and the movable cover member 8a has been moved down to remove the material to be processed 5 together with the moving member 7a and support member 6b from the high pressure vessel 2
  • operation is such that during the pressing operation in the main station 31, on the side of the inserting auxiliary station 32A, the movable cover member 8b is moved up to close the opening 11 a of the operating chamber 11A, open the opening and closing cover 10a, insert and set a new material to be processed 5a together with the support member 6a on the moving member 7b, close the opening and closing cover, and form the interior of the operating chamber into the same atmosphere as that of the internal space, after which the movable cover member 8b is moved down to pull the material to be processed 5 together with the support member 6a
  • the movable cover members 8a, 8c are moved up by the elevating devices 9, 13B in the main station 31 and removing auxiliary station, respectively, whereby in the main station 31, a new material to be processed 5a is charged into the high pressure vessel 2 for the hot isostatic pressing whereas in the removing auxiliary station 32B, the already pressed material to be processed 5b is charged into the operating chamber 11 B, and the operating chamber is made the same atmosphere as that of the sealed tank, after which the opening and closing cover 10b is opened to remove the material to be processed 5b.
  • the inserting operation for a new material to be processed 5 within the operating chamber 11A is carried out.
  • the operation of the Figure 2 (A) state is repeatedly produced to obtain a continuous operation of insertion, pressing and removal of the material to be processed 5.
  • the inserting and removing positions are independent, and therefore, the productivity is further enhanced over the first embodiment, and attaching and removal of the material to be processed can be made simultaneously. Since the heater can be held at an energizing condition continuously, it is possible to extremely shorten the press cycle time as a whole and to facilitate a flow operation.
  • auxiliary stations 32A, 32B and 32C are disposed adjacent to a main station 31, and in addition to an inserting auxiliary station 32A and a removing auxiliary station 32B, a cooling auxiliary station 32C for applying a cooling processing as a post-processing to an already pressed material to be processed 5.
  • these stations 32A, 31, 32C and 32B are arrayed in said order.
  • the same reference numerals as those used in the second embodiment indicate the same members as those shown therein. Since the main station 31, inserting auxiliary station 32A and removing auxiliary station 32B are the same as those described in the second embodiment, the construction of the cooling auxiliary station 32C will be described.
  • An operating chamber 11 C in the station 32C is merely provided to cool the already pressed material to be processed 5, and therefore, the top of the operating chamber 11 C is closed and a movable cover member 8d for openably closing an opening 11 a at the lower end of the operating chamber 11C by an elevating device 13C and a moving member 7d provided on the upper surface of the movable member 8d are provided, and a cooling medium supply and discharge pipe line 56 is communicatingly provided in the operating chamber 11C to forcibly cool the material to be processed 5, the cooling medium being supplied thereto.
  • a pair of transfer members 14a, 14a in a transfer device 14 three sets of clamp holders 14b, 14b engageable with a support member 6 are provided at the same pitch as that of the station center, and sealed tanks 12a, 12b are provided to interrupt in common internal spaces 32a, 31 a, 32a, and 32a of the stations 32A, 31, 32C and 32B, respectively, from outside, and to surround the spaces in a communicating fashion.
  • the press cycle of the third embodiment is a cycle of insertion, pressing, cooling and removal, which is merely different from that of the second embodiment, which is a cycle of insertion, pressing and removal. Therefore, such a difference therebetween will be mainly described.
  • the state shown in Figure 3 (A) is a state wherein in the main station 31, a material to be processed 5b has already been pressed, and a movable cover member 8a is moved down to remove the material to be processed 5b from the vessel 2, in the inserting auxiliary station 32A, inserting operation of a new material to be processed 5a for next pressing has been completed, whereas in the cooling auxiliary station 32C, an already pressed material to be processed 5c having been forcibly cooled within the operating chamber 11C is removed from the operating chamber 11c to assume the illustrated position by the downward movement of the movable cover member 8d.
  • the already cooled material to be processed 5c is moved onto the movable cover member 8c of the removing auxiliary station 32B, the already pressed material to be processed 5b onto the movable cover member 8d of the cooling auxiliary station 32C, and a new material to be processed 5a onto the movable cover member 8a of the main station 31.
  • the movable cover members 8a, 8d, 8c of the main station 31, cooling auxiliary station 32C and removing auxiliary station 32B are moved up, whereby in the main station, a new material to be processed 5a is subjected to pressing, and in the removing auxiliary station 32B, an already pressed and cooled material to be processed 5c is subjected- to removal.
  • the movable cover member 8d is moved up and closed in the operating chamber 11a, the operating chamber 11c is interrupted and independent from the internal space 32a, and the already pressed material to be processed 5b is held within the chamber through the moving member 7d and support member 6c. Accordingly, cooling air or other coolant is continuously fed in to the chamber through the cooling medium supply and discharge pipe line 56 to thereby positively and easily cool the material to be processed 5b to a predetermined temperature.
  • the cooling system can be of a circulation type or a shelf type, either of which can be used. (The detailed construction is not shown) During that period, in the inserting auxiliary station 32A, inserting operation of a new material to be processed 5 is carried out to again produce the Figure 3 (A) state.
  • the third embodiment it is possible to incorporate not only hot isostatic pressing for a material to be processed 5 but cooling operation for a material to be processed required later according to the characteristic of material of a material to be processed into the press cycle and to complete the same.
  • a separate cooling device need not be provided externally of the high pressure vessel 2, and a series of cycles can be progressed with high efficiency to further enhance the productivity.
  • cooling processing is made by movement of material within the sealed tanks 12a, 12b and within the operating chamber 11c, and therefore, the quality can be maintained stably and evenly, and the whole apparatus including cooling can be designed in compact.
  • auxiliary stations 32A, 32B and 32D are disposed adjacent to a main station 31, and in addition to an inserting auxiliary station 32A and a removing auxiliary station 32B, a preheating auxiliary station 32D for applying preheating processing as ante-processing to a material to be processed 5 prior to pressing is added.
  • the stations 32A, 32D, 31 and 32B are arrayed in said order.
  • the same reference numerals as those used in the third embodiment indicate the same members as those shown in the third embodiment.
  • the main station 31, inserting auxiliary station 32A and removing auxiliary station 32B are the same as those of the third embodiment, and therefore, the construction of the preheating auxiliary station 32D will be explained. Since an operating chamber 11 D in the preheating auxiliary station is provided to preheat a material to be processed 5 prior to pressing, the top of the operating chamber 11 D is closed, and a preheater 4a is housed therein through a heat insulating layer 3a, which is about the same kind as the heat insulating layer 3 and heater 4 in the high pressure vessel 2 of the main station 31.
  • a movable cover member 8e for openably closing an opening 11 a at the lower end of the operating chamber 11D by an elevating device 13D and a moving member 7e provided on the upper surface of the movable cover member 8e are provided.
  • the press cycle of the fourth embodiment is a cycle of insertion, preheating, pressing and removal which is merely different from that of the third embodiment, which is a cycle of insertion, pressing, cooling and removal. Therefore, such a difference therebetween will be mainly described.
  • the state shown in Figure 4 (A) is a state wherein in the main station 31, a material to be processed 5c has already been pressed, and a movable cover member 8a is moved down to remove the material to be processed 5c from the vessel 2, in the inserting auxiliary station 32A, inserting operation of a new material to be processed 5a for next pressing has been completed, whereas in the preheating auxiliary station 32D (there is provided an energizing device though not shown), a material to be processed 5b to be pressed next which has already been preheated in the operating chamber 11 D is removed from the operating chamber 11D to assume the illustrated position by the downward movement of the movable cover member 8e.
  • the already pressed material to be processed 5c is fed onto the movable cover member 8c of the removing auxiliary station 32B, the already preheated material to be processed 5b onto the movable cover member 8a of the main station 31, and a material to be processed 5a to be pressed next onto the movable cover member 8e of the preheating auxiliary station 32D.
  • the movable cover members 8e, 8a, 8c of the preheating auxiliary station 32D, main station 31 and removing auxiliary station 32B are moved up, whereby in the main station 31, the preheated material to be processed 5b is subjected to pressing, and in the removing auxiliary station 32B, an already pressed material to be processed 5c is subjected to removal via the operating chamber 11B.
  • the movable cover member 8e is moved up and closed in the opening 11a of the operating chamber 11 D, the operating chamber 11 D is interrupted and independent from the internal space 32a, and required preheating of a material to be processed 5a is carried out through the preheater 4a.
  • the fourth embodiment it is possible to incorporate not only hot isostatic pressing for a material to be processed 5 but preheating operation for a material to be processed required in advance into the press cycle and to complete the same.
  • a separate preheating device need not be provided externally of the high pressure vessel, and a series of cycles can be progressed with high efficiency to further enhance the productivity.
  • the preheating is carried out under the same circumstance as that within the high pressure vessel and the movement thereof is carried out within the sealed tank, and therefore, efficient, uniform and stabilized preheating is assured, heating time in the high pressure vessel 2 can be reduced, and the whole apparatus including preheating can be designed in compact.
  • auxiliary stations 32A, 32B, 32C and 32D are disposed adjacent to a main station 31, and the cooling auxiliary station 32C in the third embodiment and the preheating auxiliary station 32D in the fourth embodiment are serially incorporated into a press cycle.
  • the inserting auxiliary station 32A, preheating auxiliary station 32D, main station 31, cooling auxiliary station 32C and removing auxiliary station 32B are arrayed in said order.
  • the same reference numerals as those used in the previous embodiments indicate the same members as those shown therein. Since the construction of the stations 31, 32A, 32B, 32C and 32D is exactly the same as that of the previous embodiments, the description therefor will not be made.
  • the sealed tanks 12a, 12b interrupt in common all the stations from outside, and internal spaces thereof are communicatingly covered and four sets of clamp holders 14b, 14b engageable with the support member 6 of the material to be processed 5 in the transfer members 14a, 4b are provided as shown in Figure 5 (B).
  • the press cycle of the fifth embodiment is a cycle of insertion, preheating, pressing, cooling and removal. Since the operating contents in the preheating and cooling stations are obvious in the fourth embodiment, only the essential portions of a series of cycles will be described in connection with Figure 5 (A).
  • Figure 5 (A) in a state wherein in the main station 31, a material to be processed 5c has already been pressed and then removed from the vessel 2, the material being moved down to the illustrated position, in the cooling auxiliary station 32C cooling of a material to be processed 5d pressed prior to a material to.
  • a series of operations including insertion and preheating required prior to pressing and cooling and removal required after pressing are carried out in a fully automated manner with extreme high efficiency and without dead time and loss time principally in terms of the fact that the already pressed material to be processed 5 can be discharged outside the 'vessel immediately after completion of pressing in the high pressure vessel 2.
  • movement of the material to be processed 5 is made within the sealed tanks 12a, 12b, and therefore, processing operation can be performed under the uniform and stabilized environment to expect enhancement of productivity and enhancement of quality, and moreover, compact design of the apparatus can be easily achieved.
  • openings 2a and 11a of the high pressure vessel 2 and operating chamber 11 are positioned at the lower end, it should be noted that these openings can be reversed in position so that the openings 2a and 11 a are positioned at the upper end to provide the same effect.
  • a vertical type is used, it will be noted that a lateral type can be used.
  • a serial arrangement is used, it will be noted that a circular loop arrangement can be used.
  • prior processing and posterior processing to be applied to the material to be processed 5 prior to or posterior to pressing comprise preheating and cooling, and in addition, heating and cooling can be also carried out stepwise by the serial juxtaposition of a plurality of the same auxiliary stations.
  • FIGs 6 and 7 are graphic representations in which necessary operating time of prior art and the present invention is shown in a process manner.
  • the axis of ordinate indicates the pressure and temperature
  • the axis of abscissa indicates the time
  • the solid line indicates the pressure curve
  • the dotted line indicates the temperature curve.
  • Figure 6 la shows the state where the heater is OFF after processing in the above-described first embodiment
  • Figure 6 Ib the state where the heater is ON
  • Figure 6 Ila shows the state where the heater is OFF after processing in the above-described embodiments 2 and 3
  • Figure 6 Ilb the state where the heater remains ON
  • Figure 6 III shows those in the above-described embodiments 4 and 5.
  • the left half shows the required time for the first time
  • the right half shows the required time thereafter. In the first embodiment, it takes about three hours for increasing the temperature and pressure for the first time, and it takes about one hour for retaining pressing.
  • the exclusive-use auxiliary station is used, and therefore, the time required for insertion and removal of the material to be process is reduced to about half-hour, and after the second time, the time for increasing temperature and pressure in the high pressure vessel 2 is reduced to about two hours depending on the remaining temperature when the heater is OFF, and to about one hour when the heater is ON continuously.
  • pressing time of about one half hour will suffice.
  • the present invention provides an arrangement wherein the main and auxiliary stations are adjacently arranged as short distance as possible, the internal spaces are covered by the sealed tanks, drive means are collectively disposed and the like, whereby the apparatus of the present invention can be designed in compact.
  • the present invention is greatly advantageous in that hot isostatic pressed products by the high pressure vessel can be industrially produced in volume.
  • a main station 431 ( Figure 10) and an auxiliary station 432 ( Figure 9) are the same in construction as those of the aspect (I) described above, which will not be therefore described further.
  • the stations 431 and 432 are arranged on the same circumference as shown in Figure 8.
  • a rotatable table 415 is provided for the preparation to carry a material to be processed 405 towards the main station 431.
  • a loop-shaped sealed tank 412 which is composed of an upper tank 412a and a lower tank 412b, is provided to interrupt internal spaces in the main and auxiliary stations 431 and 432 from outside and surround them in a communicating manner.
  • Movable cover members 408a, 408b are placed on the rotatable table 415 and overlapped on the member 406a, in which case, if the material to be processed 405 is not yet pressed, the elevating device 409 is extended through a hole 415a formed in the rotatable table 415 to move upwardly the movable cover member 408a which is then closed over the opening 402a of the high pressure vessel 402. Whereby, the material to be processed 405 is charged into the vessel 402 through the support and moving member 406a and the material to be processed 405 is subjected to hot isostatic pressing under the predetermined conditions of high pressure and high temperature. If the material to be processed 405 has already been pressed, the rotatable table 405 is rotated to transfer the already processed material to be processed 405 towards the auxiliary station 432.
  • Figures 8 to 12 illustrate a first embodiment of the aspect (II), which is similar to that of the aspect (I), and therefore, only a difference therebetween will be described.
  • the movable cover member 408a is placed on the rotatable table 415, and the support and moving member 406a of a material to be processed 405 is provided on the upper surface of the movable cover member 408a.
  • the main station 431 and auxiliary station 432 are arranged on the same circumference.
  • a movable cover member 408b is placed on the rotatable table 415 corresponding to the auxiliary station 432, the movable cover member 408b having a moving member 406b of the material to be processed 405 provided on the upper surface thereof, and an internal space in communication with an internal space of the main station 431 is provided between the operating chamber 411 and the elevating device 413, the internal space being brought into communication through the loop-like sealed tank 412.
  • the sealed tank 412 for surrounding in common internal spaces of the main station 431 and auxiliary station 432 to interrupt them from outside is of a loop-like configuration in the form of a combination of upper and lower tanks 412a and 412b.
  • Active or inert gas is supplied through a gas cylinder 451, a reducing valve 452 and a pipe line 454, as shown in Figure 11, to the sealed tank 412 whereby the required gas atmosphere can be created over the whole area within the tank, and vacuum pump likewise causes to create a vacuum state individually in the whole area in the tank and in the operating chamber 411 through a pipe line 455.
  • the rotatable table 415 is rotatably provided on the horizontal surface through inner and outer bearings 416a, 416b, the rotatable table 415 being formed with holes 415a, 415b for the elevating devices 409, 413.
  • the rotatable table 415 is formed with a tooth portion 415A in an outer peripheral surface thereof, the tooth portion 15A being meshed with a pinion gear 417A, which is in turn driven by a motor 417 shown in Figure 12.
  • the rotatable table 415 is rotated on the horizontal surface by means of the bearings 416a, 416b, and the table 415 is stopped at a position where the holes 415a, 415b are faced to the elevating devices 409, 413, respectively.
  • the drive means for the rotatable table 415 can be of the chain transmission system other than the motor and gear.
  • two auxiliary stations 432 are arranged in an equally spaced relation on the same circumference with respect to the main station 431.
  • the HIP apparatus which has been described in detail referring to Figure 10, is provided on the main station 431.
  • One of the auxiliary stations 432 serves as an inserting station 432 for a material to be processed 405, whereas the other serves as a removing station 432 for the processed material to be processed 405. That is, in the first embodiment of the aspect (II), the auxiliary station was in the form of an inserting and removing station, but in.the second invention, it is separated individually.
  • the construction of the inserting station 432 and removing station 432 is the same as that described in detail referring to Figure 9.
  • movable cover members are respectively placed on rotatable tables 415 corresponding to the stations 431, 432, 433. Upward and downward movement of a material to be processed by expansion of an elevating device through a moving member attached to the movable cover member causes synchronously continuous operation of insertion of a material to be processed, HIP processing, and removal of an already processed material.
  • auxiliary stations 432 which comprises an inserting station 432, a cooling station 632 and a removing station 532, are arranged on the same circumference at intervals of 90°.
  • a material to be processed charged through a movable cover member or the like onto a rotatable table 415 within a sealed tank 412 from the inserting station 432 is transferred to the main station 431 by the turning of the rotatable table 415, where it is subjected to HIP processing, after which the material to be processed is turned and transferred to the cooling station 532 and then removed from the removing station 532.
  • This operation is continuously carried out by the repetitive operation of rotation and stoppage of the rotatable table 415 and by the repetitive elevating operation of elevating devices provided corresponding to the stations 431, 432, 532, 632.
  • FIG. 15 An arrangement shown in Figure 15 is the same as that of the third embodiment shown in Figure 14 in that three auxiliary stations 432 are arranged at intervals of 90° on the same circumference but is different therefrom in that the auxiliary station 432 comprises an inserting station 432, a preheating station 732 and a removing station 532.
  • the preheating station 732 is provided between the inserting station 132 and the main station 431.
  • An operating chamber 111 of the preheating station 732 is provided with a heat insulating layer 403 and a heater 404 and the like as shown in Figure 17, and the material to be processed 405 is preheated prior to the HIP processing.
  • auxiliary stations 432 are arranged in an equally spaced relation at intervals of 72° on the same circumference with respect to a main station 431.
  • the auxiliary stations 432 comprise an inserting station 432, a preheating station 732, a cooling station 632 and a removing station 532.
  • the preheating station 732 is equidistantly provided on the same circumference between the inserting station 432 and the main station 431 for the HIP processing, and the cooling station 632 between the removing station 532 and the main station 431 for the HIP processing, respectively.
  • the steps of inserting, HIP processing and cooling a material to be processed are continuously carried out by the repetitive operation of turning and stoppage of the rotatable table 415 and by the elevating operation of elevating devices provided on the respective stations.
  • a series of operations from insertion to removal of a material to be processed are basically the same as those of the above-described embodiments 1 to 5. To make assurance doubly sure, a series of operations by way of the fifth embodiment as a typical example will be described hereinafter with reference to Figures 19 to 22.
  • Figures 19 to 22 show in a developed form a loop-like sealed tank 412 and a rotatable table 415 rotatably provided in a horizontal plane within the tank.
  • Figure 19 shows the step before a material to be processed (the fifth material to be processed in the illustrated embodiment; and a material to be processed in the removing station has already been processed) is inserted into the inserting station 432.
  • holes 415a-415e are respectively formed at positions corresponding to the stations 431, 432, 532, 632, 732 of the rotatable table 415.
  • Movable cover members 408a-408e are placed on the table corresponding to the holes 415a-415e, the movable cover members being moved up and down by the elevating devices 409 and 413, and an end of the elevating device is positioned at the lower portion of the holes 415a-415e through a clearance (a) in order to avoid an interference with the table 415 and the elevating devices 409, 413 to secure the turning of the table 415.
  • the elevating devices 409,413 of the stations 431, 432, 532, 632, 732 are moved up, as shown in Figure 20, to close openings of the operating chamber 411 and high pressure vessel 402 corresponding to the movable cover members 408a-408e.
  • a material to be processed is supplied to the operating chamber 411, and during that period, various operations are carried out at the same time which operations are preheating of a material to be processed in the preheating station 732, pressing of the preheated material to be processed in the HIP station 431, cooling of the already pressed material to be processed in the cooling station 632, and removal of the already cooled material to be processed (product) in the removing station 532.
  • the elevating devices 409, 413 in the respective stations are all moved down to return to and place the movable cover members 408a-408e together with the moving members 406a-406e on the rotatable table 415, after which the rotatable table 415 is rotated to transfer at the same time all the materials to be processed to the respective stations for next steps as shown in Figure 22, thus assuming the same state as that of Figure 19.
  • the sealed tank is in the form of a loop, within which the rotatable table is provided and a material to be processed or the like is transferred for each station, the transfer thereof is smooth and stabilized to prevent a material to be processed from being fallen.
  • a plurality of operating stations according to operating steps applied to a material to be processed 805, that is, a first station I, a second station II and a third station III in Figure 25, are serially juxaposed on one side (upper side in Figure 25) of a sealed tank 815 forming a closed operating space 815a.
  • the first station I comprises a station for inserting a material to be processed, said station I being a station body composed of an operating chamber 811 provided at the upper end thereof with an opening and closing upper cover 812, the operating chamber 811 having an in- and outlet 811a for a material to be processed 805 provided at the lower end thereof, said in- and outlet 811a a being open to an operating space 815a.
  • the second station II serves as a forming station for applying hot isostatic pressing to a material to be processed 805, said second station II being a station body composed of a known high pressure vessel 802 in the HIP apparatus.
  • the vessel 802 is interiorly provided with a heater 804 through a heat insulating layer 803a in a known manner, and to which vessel are attached a high pressure gas generator, a vacuum device, a vessel cooler, a heater energizing device and the like though not shown.
  • An upper cover 809 is provided on the upper end of the vessel 802 through a press frame 801, and at the lower end of the vessel 802, and in- and outlet 802a for a material to be processed 805 is open in communication with the operating space 815a likewise the operating chamber 811 of the first station I.
  • the third station III serves as a removing station for removing outside a material to be processed 805 heated and pressed within the high pressure vessel 802 of the second station II, said removing station being a station body composed of an operating chamber 811 provided at the upper end with an opening and closing upper cover 812, the operating chamber 811 likewise having an in- and outlet 811 a for a material to be processed 805 at the lower end thereof, the in- and outlet 811a a being open in communication with the operating chamber 815a.
  • a plurality of operating stations I, 11, III are serially juxaposed in order of operating steps to be applied to a material to be processed 805 on one side of the sealed tank 815 forming a closed space 815a, and the in- and outlets 811 a, 802a, and 811 a for the material to be processed of the above stations are directed at the closed space 815a and open in communication therewith, whereby operating spaces to be transferred for next steps can be obtained at every termination of each step in a manner isolated from outside and in extreme compact under collective conditions of operating steps, thus obtaining the shortest transfer route of a material to be processed formed of blank sensitive to atmospheric environment and temperature environment.
  • opening and closing covers 808 capable of completely closing the in- and outlets 811a, 802a, 811a, respectively, are supported on a base seat 807 or the like capable of placing and supporting the material to be processed 805 through a receiving base 806 as shown, at positions whose centers are the same as those of said in- and outlets, as shown in Figure 25, on the other side (lower side in Figure 25) of the sealed tank 815 corresponding to the side where said stations are installed.
  • Said covers disposed movably up and down and openably by the elevating device 810.
  • a pair of transfer shafts 823, 823 which extend through the sealed tank 815 along the group of the opening and closing covers 808 are axially retractably provided, as shown in Figures 25, 26 and 28, directly above the opening and closing covers 808.
  • Said transfer shafts 823 are provided rotatably about an axis.
  • Gripping disengageable pawls 826, 826 capable of gripping and releasing, by normal and reverse rotation about an axis, the receiving base 806 of the material to be processed 805 on each base seat 807 of said opening and closing covers 808 are provided at positions opposed to the opening and closing covers 808 in the first and second stations I and II except the third station III, which is the removing station of the material to be processed 805, as may be apparent from Figures 25 and 28, on the transfer shafts 823. Thereby, the automatic transfer of the material to be processed 805 between the stations I, II and III can be carried out within the closed operating space 815a.
  • pressing operation of the material to be processed 805 within the high pressure vessel 802 in the second station II is terminated, the in- and outlet 802a of the vessel 802 is closed during the pressing, the opening and closing cover 8 supporting the material to be processed 805 through the base seat 807 and receiving base 806 is moved down by the elevating device 810, and at the same time, even in the first station, the opening and closing upper cover 812 is opened to insert a new material to be processed 805 onto the base seat 807 together with the receiving base 806 and the opening and closing cover 808 is likewise moved down by the elevating device 810.
  • the shaft 823 on the righthand in Figure 28 is rotated clockwise whereas the lefthand shaft 823 rotated counterclockwise whereby the paired set of opposed disengageable pawls 826, 826 and 826, 826 are turned on the moved-down opening and closing covers 808, to engage and hold the receiving bases 806 of the materials to be processed 805, 805 at their symmetrical position. Accordingly, the receiving bases 806 can be also held so that the lower surfaces thereof may leave a slight gap than the upper surface of the base seats 707.
  • both the transfer shafts 824 are moved straight toward the third station III on the right hand in the figure by one pitch in the illustrated state whereby the previously already pressed material to be processed 805 is moved opposite the opening and closing cover 808 in the third station III together with the receiving base 806, and a new material to be processed 805 inserted and set in the first station I is moved to a position opposite the opening and closing cover 808 in the second station II.
  • both the transfer shafts 823, 823 stop, and if both the shafts 823 are turned in a direction opposite to that of the previous case, the set of disengageable pawls 826, 826 and 826, 826 are all disengaged from the receiving bases 806, 806, and the materials to be processed 805, 805 are supported on the base seats 807, 807 of the opening and closing covers 808, 808 in the stations II and set free.
  • the opening and closing covers 808 are then elevated and closed over the in- and outlet 802a of the second station II and in- and outlet 811 a of the third station III by the elevating devices 810, 810, respectively, the previously already pressed materials to be processed 805 are carried into the operating chamber 8911 isolated from the closed space 815a, a next new material to be processed 805 is sealed and set into the high pressure vessel 802, and in the third station III, the already pressed material to be processed 805 is removed outside whereas in the second station II, pressing under superhigh pressure is performed.
  • both the transfer shafts 823, 823 are returned to the position shown in Figure 25 during the period of the above-described operations to wait for removal of a next already pressed material to be processed 805 and for the receiving of a new material to be processed 805.
  • the operations in the operating stations I, and III, movement of materials to be processed 805 in and out of the stations and movement thereof between the stations are repeated within the operating space 815a closed by the sealed tank 815 in a fully automated manner by the vertically movable opening and closing covers 808 and transfer shafts 823.
  • Embodiments shown in Figures 25 to 30 show a three-station type example in which transfer device of the aspect (111) is applied to HIP apparatus.
  • a first station I serves as an inserting station for a material to be processed 805, a second station II as a forming station for presssing material to be processed 805 into a block by superhigh pressure of hot isostatic pressure, and a third station III as a removing station for an already pressed material to be processed 805.
  • the first and third stations I and III comprise a cylindrical operating chamber 811 upper and lower portions of which are open, the upper opening being opened and closed by an opening and closing cover 812.
  • the opening and closing construction can be designed freely.
  • an opening and closing device 813 as shown in Figures 25, 29 and 30, in a sealed tank 815 r operating chamber 811, a pivotal shaft 818 supporting one end of the opening and closing cover 812 is inserted rotatably and vertically movably into a guide sleeve 817 held through a mounting member 816, a piston rod 819a of a drive cylinder 819 is connected to the lower end of the pivotal shaft 818, and a slide pin 820 provided on a part in the periphery of the pivotal shaft 818 is slidably brought into engagement with a cam groove 817a formed in the periphery of the guide sleeve 817 whereby the piston rod 819a of the drive cylinder 819 is moved up and down to rotate and vertically move the pivotal shaft 818 through the slide pin 820 and cam groove 817a for automatic opening and closing.
  • Both the stations I and II are designed so that a pipe line 855 is connected from a vacuum pump 851' as shown in Figure 25 to provide suction and vacuum in order that the atmosphere within the operating chamber 811 is placed under the vacuum atmosphere or active or inert gas atmosphere as necessary. Necessary gas is supplied from a gas cylinder 852 through a reducing valve 853 and a pipe line 854.
  • the sealed tank 815 comprises a rectangular tank formed of an airtight material. Above the sealed tank 815, a first station I, a section station 11 and a third station III are arrayed, in said order, serially and in a manner such that centers thereof are at the same intervals, as shown.
  • the opening chamber 811, high pressure vessel 802 and operating chamber 811 in the stations I, II and II have their lower portions secured to the upper surface of the tank 815.
  • In- and outlets 811 a, 802a, 811 a at the lower end are all open in communication with a closed operating space 815a of the tank 815.
  • a pipe line 855 from a separate vacuum pump 851 is connected and a reducing valve 853 and a pipe line 856 are connected from a gas cylinder 852 in order to provide a vacuum atmosphere or active or inert gas atmosphere as necessary.
  • base seats 830 are installed on the underside of the tank 815, a drive cylinder 810a as an elevating device 810 and a piston rod 810b are installed on the underface of the base seat 830, the opening and closing covers 808 connected to the rod 810b are disposed movably up and down on the upper surface of the base seats 810, and a base seat 807 on which a receiving base 806 supporting a material to be processed 805 is placed and supported is formed on the top surface of the cover 808.
  • the drive cylinder 810a is connected to the opening and closing cover 808, and the piston rod 810b is made as the fixed side to cope with superhigh pressure in the high pressure vessel 802.
  • a pair of transfer shafts 823, 823 for transfer of a material to be processed between the stations are juxtaposed parallel to each other through bearings 831,831 so that the transfer shafts extend through the tank 815 in a spaced relation so as not to interfere with the opening and closing covers 808 may be provided retractably in an axial direction along the group of the opening and closing covers 808 and rotatably about an axis.
  • gripping disengageable pawls 826 that may be engaged or disengaged by rotation are fixedly mounted with respect to a flange 806a of the receiving base 806 of a material to be processed 805 at positions opposed to the opening and closing covers 808 of the first and second stations I, 11 except the final station III, whereby the material to be processed 805 is supported through the receiving base 806 so that it may be transferred.
  • a mechanism to provide axial retractable motion of the transfer shafts 823 and rotational motion about an axis and in a direction opposite each other can be designed freely.
  • each end of the transfer shafts 823 which extend externally of the tank is formed with a spline portion 823a, as shown in Figures 25 to 28, said one end having an end rotatably connected to and supported on a cross head 822 supported on a piston rod 821 a of a transporting cylinder 821 mounted on a base 832, and a spline sleeve 829 movably retained on the base 832 through bearings 828, 828 is fitted in the spline portion 823a of the shaft 823.
  • a pinion 825 is mounted on the sleeve 829, and rack portions 824a, 824a formed on both sides of a rack 824 supported on a piston rod 827a of a turning cylinder 827 mounted on the base 823 are meshed with the pinions 825, whereby both the transfer shafts 823 may be synchronously retractably moved in an axial direction by the transporting cylinder 821, the pair of pinions 825, 825 are rotated in a direction opposite each other through the upward and downward movement of the rack 824 by the turning cylinder 827, and at the same time, the shafts 823 may be rotated about the axis.
  • the illustrated spline fit can be replaced by the key fit construction.
  • an engaging portion 810c is provided in the periphery of the drive cylinder 810a of the elevating device 810 of the opening and closing cover 808 for opening and closing the in- and outlet 802a of the high pressure vessel 802 in the second station II because when the cylinder move upwards so that the cover 808 assumes its closed position, a clamp device 814 disposed at right angles to the engaging portion 810c engages the press frame 801 to secure the closed position.
  • the interior of the operating space 815a of the sealed tank 815 is placed in the same vacuum state or active or inert gas atmosphere as that of the high pressure vessel 802 in the second station II, and the opening and closing cover 808 in the first staiton I is moved up to interrupt the operating chamber 11 from the operating space 815a to open the opening and closing cover 812 and to place and set the material to be processed 805 together with the receiving base 806 on the base seat 807 of the opening and closing cover 808. Thereafter, the opening and closing cover 808 is moved down together with the material to be processed 805 to rotate the disengageable pawls 826 in the pair of transfer shafts 823 to grip the flange 806a of the receiving base 806.
  • the transfer shafts 823 are withdrawn, and in the first station, the opening and closing cover 808 is moved up to close the in- and outlet 811a of the operating chamber 811 and open the opening and closing cover 812 whereby a new material to be processed 805 can be inserted and set.
  • the opening and closing cover 808 is immediately moved down to carry the already pressed material to be processed 805 to the position of the transfer shaft as shown in Figure 25.
  • the opening and closing cover 808 is moved down to carry a new material to be processed 5 to the position of the transfer shaft, and subsequently, the disengageable pawls 826 of the transfer shafts 823 are rotated to grip the receiving bases 606 of the materials to be processed 805. Then, the transfer shafts 823 can be moved by one pitch to move the material to be processed 805 to the position of the opening and closing cover 808 of the second station II and to move the already pressed material to be processed 805 to the position of the opening and closing cover 808 of the third station III.
  • the disengageable pawls 826 are released from their gripping, and in the second station 11, charging and setting operation of a new material to be processed 805 into the high pressure vessel 802 is carried out, and in the third station III, movement of the already pressed material to be processed 805 into the operating chamber 811 is carried out, which operations are both carried out together with the closure of the in- and outlets 802a, 811a by the upward movement of the opening and closing covers 808.
  • the already pressed material to be processed 805 moved into the operating chamber 811 isolated from the operating space 815a is removed by the opening of the upper opening and closing cover 812.
  • the pair of the transfer shafts 823 are withdrawn to their original position, and inserting operation of a new material to be processed 805 in the first station I can be carried out in a simultaneously progressing manner.
  • a series of transfer motion can be carried out automatically by the motion of the disengageable pawls 826 through the upward motion of the opening and closing covers 808 in the stations I, II, III, the retractable motion of the pair of transfer shafts 823 in an axial direction, and the turning motion about the axis of the opening and closing covers 808 at the down position.
  • such operation can be rapidly attained within the operating space 815a not affected by the external atmospheric pressure by the vertical movement in the shortest transfer route, horizontal movement and small turning motion about the axis.
  • a second embodiment of the aspect (III) shown in Figures 31 and 32 is of a two-station type. This second embodiment is similar to the above-described first embodiment, and therefore, only a difference therebetween will be described.
  • a first station I serves as an inserting and removing station for a material to be processed 805, and a second station II serves as a pressing station by way of a high pressure vessel 802.
  • the first station I also serves as a final station, which therefore comprises only one set of disengageable pawls 826 in a pair of transfer shafts 823.
  • an opening and closing cover 812 at the upper portion of an operating chamber 811 in the first station I is not of an automatic opening and closing type but can be opened and closed manually.
  • a turning cylinder 827 of a rack 824 is supported on a cross head 822 by a supporting member 833. Further, pinions 825, 826 are directly mounted on the shafts 823 without provision of a sprocket on the transfer shafts 823 to mesh with the rack 824.
  • the transfer motion is similar to that of the first embodiment except that in the first station I, the already pressed material to be processed 805 is removed, after which a new material to be processed 805 is inserted.
  • the type of the first embodiment can be easily modified into the type of two-station without need of explanation. This will be all true for a multiple type station which will be described hereinafter.
  • a third embodiment shown in Figure 33 is of a four-station type, in which a first station I serves as an inserting station for a new material to be processed 805, a second station II as a pressing station by way of a high pressure vessel 802, and a third station III as a station in which the material to be processed 805 pressed in the second station is immediately cooled to facilitate post-handling.
  • An operating chamber 811 in the station III has a top closed with only a lower end formed with an in- and outlet 811a, and a coolant supply and discharge line 857 is in communication with the operating chamber 811.
  • the already pressed material to be processed 805 is removed from the second station 11 and then carried to the position of the opening and closing cover 808 of the third station III by the transfer shafts 823 and the cover 808 is moved up to isolate the operating chamber 811 from an operating space 815a and retain the material to be processed within said chamber to cool the material to be processed quickly and positively.
  • cooled material to be processed is transferred to the next fourth station IV, namely, the removing station for removal thereof.
  • three sets of disengageable pawls 826 which are provided on the pair of transfer shafts 823 are provided opposedly to the positions of the opening and closing covers 808 of the stations I, II, III except the position of the opening and closing cover 808 of the final fourth station IV.
  • An embodiment shown in Figure 34 is also of a four-station type, in which there is provided a station for applying preheating, as processing prior to pressing, to a material to be processed.
  • a first station I serves as an inserting station for a material to be processed 805, a second station II as a preheating station, a third station III as a pressing station, and a fourth station IV as a removing station.
  • an operating chamber 11 has an upper portion closed with only a lower end formed with an outlet 811a, and the operating chamber 811 is interiorly provided with a preheater 804a through a heat insulating layer 803a.
  • This preheating construction is about the same as that of the high pressure vessel 802.
  • a material to be processed 805 inserted in the inserting station I is moved to the second station II by transfer shafts 823 and disengageable pawls 826 and transferred to an opening and closing cover 808 of the station II, after which the opening and closing cover 808 is moved up to close an in- and outlet 811a of the operating chamber 811 and the material to be processed 805 prior to pressing charged into the chamber is subjected to preheating and thereafter transferred to the pressing third station III.
  • preheating required for a material to be processed 805 is incorporated into a series of transfer cycle, and external preheating equipment need not be provided. The preheating can be carried out easily under the same environment as that of the interior of the high pressure vessel.
  • a preheater 804a which is possible oxidized at a high temperature, can be used under the environmental atmosphere without any inconvenience, and uniform and stabilized preheating can be obtained. Also, heating time in the high pressure vessel in the third station III is shortened, and a series of press cycle is shortened and the productivity is enhanced.
  • An embodiment shown in Figure 35 is of a five- station type, in which a first station I serves as an inserting station for a new material to be processed 805, a second station II as a preheating station for applying preheating to the material to be processed 805, a third station III as a pressing station by way of a high pressure vessel 802 for a preheated material to be processed 805, a fourth station IV as a cooling station for immediately cooling the material to be processed 805 pressed in the third station III, and a fifth station V as a removing station for a material to be processed 805 cooled in the fourth station IV.
  • a preheating chamber 811 and a cooling operating chamber 811 in the second and fourth stations II and IV is the same as that of the third and fourth embodiments previously described.
  • a press cycle of insertion, preheating, pressing, cooling and removal of a material to be processed 805 are progressed smoothly, accurately and efficiently by a pair of transfer shafts 823 and disengageable pawls 826 and vertically movable opening and closing covers 808.
  • the in- and outlets 802a, 811a a for the material to be processed 805 in the stations I to IV are all open downwardly, it should be noted that these can be reversed in direction so that the transfer equipment is positioned at the upper portion.
  • an opening of an operating chamber 931 is closed by a movable cover member 919, and under this state, a material to be processed 921 prior to processing carried by a manipulator 941 is inserted into the operating chamber 931 under the state in communication with the air.
  • an opening and closing cover 932 is closed as shown in Figure 37 to thereby independently seal the operating chamber 931 to place it under the same atmosphere as that of a communication chamber 906 of a sealed tank 907, after which the movable cover member 919 is moved down by an elevating device 920 to be positioned within the communication chamber 906 of the sealed tank 907 for preparation of transfer with respect to a preheating furnace 944.
  • a material to be processed 921 together with a supporting base 922 is fed to transfer means 950 of the preheating furnace 944 through the extending operation of transfer means 945 indicated as a manipulator, as shown in Figure 38.
  • This operation is repeatedly carried out whereby a plurality of materials to be processed 921 are placed on the transfer means 950 of the preheating furnace 944 for required preheating prior to pressing through energization of a heater 948.
  • radiant heat or the like is diffused into the communication chamber 906 of the sealed tank 907, and such heat is prevented from being filled in the operating chambers 931, 931' and high pressure vessel 915 by door means 956, 957 provided on communication portions between a main station 902 and the inserting station 901 of the preheating furnace 944.
  • the door means 957 is opened as shown in Figure 39 and the materials to be processed 921 within the preheating furnace 44 together with the supporting base 922 are transferred by transfer means 958 indicated as a manipulator onto a movable cover member 919 placed corresponding to the lower portion of the high pressure vessel 915 in the main station 902, and the materials to be processed 921 is charged into the vessel 915 by the raising by the elevating device 920 at the same time the opening of the high pressure vessel 915 of the movable cover member 919 is closed.
  • the materials to be processed 921 are subjected to pressing by hot isostatic pressing by the heating of a heater 917 provided within the high pressure vessel 915 through a heat insulating layer, superhigh boosted pressure of fluid or gas medium sealed into the high pressure vessel 915 as is known, though not shown, and under the vacuum or, active or inert gas atmosphere within the high pressure vessel 915.
  • the communication chamber 906 of the sealed tank 907 can be placed under the same atmosphere as the environmental atmosphere within the high pressure vessel 915, whereby the eycle time can be considerably shortened without waiting until a temperature is lowered to a heater oxidizing preventive temperature after termination of pressing in the vessel 915.
  • the already processed materials to be processed 921 transported (delivered) to the removing station 903 are charged into the independent operating chamber 931' at the same time the operating chamber 931' of the movable cover member 919' is closed by the raising thereof by the elevating device 920', and the opening and closing cover 932' is opened to remove the materials to be processed under the atmospheric state.
  • a plurality of materials to be processed 921 are prepared and stored in the preheating furnace 944, and the preheated materials to be processed 921 are continuously transferred to the main station 902 provided with the high pressure vessel 915 for pressing and cooling after pressing, and the materials are finally removed.
  • the speeds of transfer means 959 of the cooling furnace 960 and transfer means 950 of the preheating furnace 944 are adjusted to provide preheating time and cooling time most suitable for material and shape and the like of materials to be processed 921.
  • Figures 36 to 42 show a first embodiment according to the aspect (IV).
  • Materials to be processed 921 are inserted into the operating chamber 931 in the inserting station 901; the opening and closing cover 932 of the operating chamber 931 is closed to exchange of the atmosphere thereof into the same atmosphere as that of the communication chamber 906 of the sealed tank 907; the materials to be processed 921 are held through the downward movement of the movable cover member 919; the materials to be processed 921 are transferred to the preheating furnace 944 by the transfer means 945; the door means 956, 957 are closed; the preheating furnace is preheated by the heat generated by the heater 948; the materials to be processed 921 are transferred to the main station; the materials to be processed are inserted into the high pressure vessel 915 through the movable cover member 919; the press axial force is clamped by the press frame 923 or the like; the materials to be processed 921 are subjected to hot isostatic pressing within the high pressure vessel 915; the materials to be processed 921 are moved down through the movable cover member 919; the materials to be processed are transferred to the removing stations
  • Figure 43 shows a second embodiment, in which a sealed tank 907 between an inserting station 901 and a main station 902 is of a straight passage type, and a preheating furnace 944 having transfer means 950 such as a conveyor is housed in the straight passage 907A, and other constructions are the same as those of the above- mentioned first embodiment.
  • Figure 44 shows a third embodiment, in which a sealed tank 907 between an inserting station 901 and a main station 902 is of a so-called L-shaped curved passage type 907B, and a preheating furnace having transfer means such as a conveyor is housed in the curve passage portion 907B, and other constructions are the same as those of the first and second embodiments as described above.
  • Embodiments 2 and 3 are also in accordance with the aspect (IV).
  • Figures 45 to 48 show further embodiments according to the aspect (IV), which is different from the above-described first embodiment in that a plurality of materials to be processed are accommodated within a communication chamber 906 of a sealed tank 907 between a main station 902 and a removing station 903, and a cooling furnace 960 having transfer means 959 for transferring them towards the inserting station 903 is additionally provided.
  • Other basical structures are the same as those of the embodiments according to the first aspect of the aspect (IV), and only a difference therebetween will be described hereinafter.
  • rotary type cooling furnaces 960 are juxtaposed with HIP apparatus sandwiched therebetween, and transfer means 963 comprising an openable chuck element 961 and a drive portion 962 for forward and backward movement thereof to transfer materials to be processed 921 from the preheating furnace 944 to the main station 902 and from the main station 902 to an inlet of the cooling furnace 960.
  • a ring gear 966 is provided on a support base 965 rotatably mounted through a ring-like bearing 964 on the lower tank of the sealed tank 907 as shown in Figures 46 to 48, and a rotatable table 967 is mounted on the support base 965.
  • transfer means 959 of the same construction as that of the transfer means 950 of the preheating furnace 944 described above is formed, and a pinion gear 967' is meshed with the ring gear 966.
  • a plurality of materials to be processed 921 can be placed on the cooling furnace 960, the materials to be processed 921 are cooled within the sealed tank 907 during the transfer, and the materials to be processed 921 already cooled are transferred to the removing station 903 through the transfer means 958.
  • the steps of supplying the already preheated materials to be processed 921 to the main station 902 to pressing the same are the same as those of the aforementioned first embodiment.
  • This embodiment is different from the aforementioned first embodiment in that the step is incorporated to transfer the materials to be processed 921 to the cooling furnace 960 by the transfer means 959 between the main station 902 and the removing station 903 and cool the materials to be processed 921 during the delivery thereof to the removing station 903.
  • cooling furnace 960 is not limited to the rotary type as shown but can be of the straight passage type or curved passage type, as in the preheating furnace in the second and third embodiments.
  • the internal spaces of the inserting station,. main station and removing station are isolated from outside by the sealed tank having common communication portions and are brought into communication with each other, the operating chambers and high pressure vessels in the stations are closed and opened by the removable cover members, and the removal of the pressed materials to be processed may be effected without waiting time as encountered heretofore by the vacuum or necessary gas atmospheric conditions of the sealed tank. Therefore, it is natural that the effects similar to those obtained by the aspect (I) can be obtained.
  • the preheating furnace is provided on the so-called front surface of the main station, and the preheating furnace is capable of performing the ante-processing of pressing in the main station, which can shorten the HIP processing cycle.
  • the materials to be processed can be gradually increased in temperature, and for example, in pressing ceramics which requires a long period of time for HIP processing prior to HIP processing, the cycle time can be shortened in the ante- preheating.
  • the cooling furnace is provided on the sealed tank between the main station and the removing station whereby processing suitable for the kind, shape and the like of materials to be processed by the adjustment of time period of the preheating furnace and cooling furnace can be made.
  • the aforesaid arrangement is suitable for pressing, for example, ceramics, zirconia, highspeed steel, etc. which need be gradually cooled.
  • an inserting station, a preheating station, a pressing station and a removing station are serially arranged in said order.
  • a cooling station can be provided between the pressing station and the removing station.
  • Figures 49 to 54 show a first embodiment of the aspect (V), in which a sealed tank 1001 is composed of an upper tank 1002 and a lower tank 1003, and an internal communication chamber 1004 is isolated from outside.
  • An auxiliary station indicated at 1005 serves as an inserting and removing station.
  • An operating chamber 1006 is airtightly provided in the upper tank 1002 of the sealed tank 1001, a cylinder type elevating device 1008 for moving up and down a movable cover member 1007 is provided, directly below the operating chamber 1006, on the lower tank 1003, and a moving member 1010 is placed on the movable cover member 1007 through a support base 1009.
  • An opening and closing cover indicated at 1011 is provided to open and close an upper opening of the operating chamber 1006.
  • a cylindrical member 1014 having a cam portion 1013 is mounted through a bracket 1012, a rod 1016 having a roller 1015 fitted in the cam portion 1013 is inserted into the cylindrical member 1014, and an opening and closing cover 1011 is mounted on the rod 1016 through an arm 1017.
  • the rod 1016 is moved up and down by means of a turning cylinder 1018, and the arm 1017 is turned by the cam portion 1013 and roller 1015.
  • the operating chamber 1006 has its lower opening airtightly opened and closed by the movable cover member 1007 through the extension of the elevating device 1008, and the operating chamber 1006 has its upper opening airtightly opened and closed by the opening and closing cover 1011 through the extension of the turning cylinder 1018.
  • Gas from a gas cylinder 1019 can be supplied to the operating chamber 1006 through a passage 1022 via a reducing valve 1020, a stop valve 1021, and the like, and a passage 1025 having a stop valve 1024 is connected thereto through a vacuum pump 1023.
  • a high pressure vessel 1027 for hot isostatic pressing is airtightly mounted on the upper tank 1002 of the sealed tank 1001.
  • the vessel 1027 is interiorly provided with a heater 1029 through an inverted-cup shaped heat insulating member 1028, and upper and lower openings of the vessel 1027 are covered with cover members.
  • an upper cover 1030 is supported on a press frame 1031 having a square opening, and a lower cover comprises a movable cover member 1033 which is mounted on the elevating device 1032 of the extension cylinder type so that it may be moved up and down.
  • Reference numeral 1034 designates a cooling chamber
  • 1035 is a lock mechanism which is engageable with an engaging portion 1036 formed in a tube of the elevating device 1032. That is, when the lower opening of the vessel 1027 is airtightly covered by the movable cover member 1033 through the extension of the elevating device 1032, the rod 1037 of the lock mechanism 1035 is extended and engaged with the engaging portion 1036, whereby high pressure acting on the upper and lower cover members during pressing can be clamped through the press frame 1031.
  • Active or inert gas from the gas cylinder 1019 can be supplied to the high pressure vessel 1027 through the upper cover 1030 from a passage 1040 having a stop valve 1039 under the pressing at high pressure by a compressor 1038.
  • Gas from the gas cylinder 1019 can be supplied to the sealed tank 1001 through a passage 1042 having a stop valve 1041 and can also be supplied thereto even under the vacuum state by the vacuum pump 1045 through a passage 1044 having a stop valve 1043.
  • the sealed tank 1001 and high pressure vessel 1027 are short-circuited by a passage 1047 having an opening and closing valve 1046.
  • the operating chamber 1006 and the sealed tank 1001 are likewise shortcircuited and communicated through a passage 1049 having an opening and closing valve 1048.
  • a transfer mechanism indicated at 1050 is constructed as follows:
  • a pair of rods 1052 are horizontally slidably mounted on the sealed tank 1001 through bearings 1051, and pawls 1053 are provided on the rods 1052.
  • the rod 52 is formed with a spline 1054, and a pinion gear 1055 is placed on the spline 1054, each rod 1052 being slidably and rotatably supported on a mount base 1056 through a bearing 1057.
  • a rack meshed with the pair of left and right pinion gears 1055 is provided movably up and down by a cylinder 1059, and a cylinder 1061 is mounted on an end plate 1060 of the rod 1052.
  • the pawls 1053 can be swung through the rack 1058 and pinion gears 1055 by the extension of the cylinder 1059, the moving member 1010 can be floated and placed on the support base 1009, and the pawls 1053 may be moved between the stations 1005 and 1026 by the extension of the cylinder 1061.
  • FIG. 55 to 59 show the second embodiment of the aspect (V).
  • This second embodiment is different from the above-described first embodiment in that the sealed tank 1001 is annular and that the transfer means for a material to be processed Q is of a rotary type of a rotatable table. Therefore, only a difference between the first and second embodiments will be described.
  • a ring-type rotatable table 1063 Interiorly of the annular-shaped sealed tank 1001 there is rotatably supported a ring-type rotatable table 1063 through inner and outer ring bearings 1062, and a gear 1064 is formed in the outer periphery of the rotatable table 1063.
  • a pinion gear 1065 is meshed with the gear 1064, the pinion gear 1065 being driven through a normal and reverse motor 1066 mounted on the upper tank 1002.
  • the rotatable table 1063 is formed with holes 1067 arranged corresponding to the stations 1005,1026 to allow upward and downward movement of the elevating devices 1008, 1032.
  • an inserting station 1005A, a preheating station 1005B, a cooling station 1005C and a removing station 1005D, which constitute the auxiliary station 1005, can be arranged radially at equal pitch together with the main station 1026, as previously mentioned.
  • the operating chamber of the preheating station 1005B and the sealed tank 1001 are communicated with each other by the short-circuit passage 1049 haying the opening and closing valve 1048.
  • the embodiments of the aspect (VI) are applied to a rotary type continuous hot isostatic pressing apparatus.
  • Figures 60 to 63 show a first embodiment of the aspect (VI).
  • reference numeral 2001 designates an annular sealed tank.
  • An inserting station 2002, a preheating station 2003, a pressing station 2004, a cooling station 2005 and a removing station 2006 are arranged on the sealed tank 2001 in a peripherally equally spaced relation.
  • Vertically corresponding to the sealed tank 2001 are provided an inserting vessel 2007 and an elevating device 2008 in the inserting station 2002; a preheating vessel 2009 and an elevating device 2010 in the pressing station 2003; a high pressure vessel 2011 and an elevating device 2012 in the pressing station 2004; a cooling vessel 2013 and an elevating device 2014 in the cooling station 2005; and an removing vessel 2015 and an elevating device 2016 in the removing station 2006, respectively.
  • Lower ends of the vessels 2007, 2009, 2011, 2013 and 2015 are brought into communication with the sealed tank 2001, and the inserting vessel 2007 and removing vessel 2015 have opening and closing covers 2018, 2019 mounted thereon so that a material to be processed 2017 may be inserted and removed from the top.
  • An annular rotatable table indicated at 2020 is rotatably supported within the sealed tank 2001 through a bearing 2021, as shown in Figure 63, and is intermittently rotated by a motor 2023 through a pinion meshed with a ring gear 2022 formed in the outer circumference thereof.
  • the rotatable table 2020 is formed with holes 2024 corresponding to the pitch of each station 2002-2006, and movable covers 2025 are placed over the holes 2024, respectively, said movable covers 2025 each being fitted in lower openings of vessels 2007, 2009, 2011, 2013 and 2015.
  • the high pressure vessel 2011 of the pressing station 2004 has a fixed upper cover 2026 as shown in Figure 63, and has a heat insulating layer 2027, a heater 2028 and the like therein, said upper cover 2026 being placed in contact with a rectangular frame-like press frame 2029.
  • the elevating device 2012 comprises a cylinder 2030 vertically slidably provided on the press frame 2029, and a piston rod 2032 slidably fitted in the cylinder 2030 and secured to the press frame 2029 through a bracket 2031.
  • the cylinder 2030 is clamped by a pair of clamp pins 2034 engaged with and disengaged from an engaging groove 2033 in the form of a peripheral groove.
  • the crank pins 2034 are driven forward and backward by a fluid cylinder 2035.
  • a fitting portion 2036 is formed stepwise which fits into a lower opening of each of the vessels 2007, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2015 from the bottom, and two seal members 2037, 2038 are fitted in the outer periphery of the fitting portion 2036 in a vertically spaced relation.
  • the seal members can be provided more than three in number.
  • the high pressure vessel 2011 is formed at the lower end with a communication hole 2039 so as to be communicated with the exterior from a middle portion of two seal members 2037, 2038, and a pressure switch 2042 is connected in a communicating fashion to the communication hole 2039 through a pipe 2040 and a stop valve 2041.
  • the stop valve 2041 is designed to be opened only in the state wherein the movable cover 2025 is mounted on the vessel since a detector is actuated due to internal pressure of the sealed tank 2001 under the state wherein the movable cover 2025 is moved down as shown.
  • the normally open type stop valve 2041 can be used to indicate "detection" only when the movable cover 2025 is mounted on the vessel through the electric interlocking.
  • a safety valve 2043 for protection of the pressure switch 2042 is mounted on the pipe 2040.
  • a heat insulating layer 2044 and a heater 2045 are provided also within the preheating vessel 2009.
  • a reference numeral 2046 designates a receiving base for a material to be processed 2017.
  • Figures 64 and 65 show a second embodiment of the aspect (VI).
  • a cylinder 2047 and a limit switch 2048 are used as a sensor to make detection by making use of a pressure difference resulting from a difference of area of the piston 2049. More specifically, in this case, suppose that if pressure in a cylinder chamber 2050 of the cylinder 2047 is zero, it is considered to be normal, and pressure of about 1 kgf/cm 2 is maintained in the cylinder chamber 2051. If a gas leakage should occur, the piston 2049 and piston rod 2052 are moved according to a pressure difference and the limit switch 2048 is activated to detect a gas leakage.
  • Reference numeral 2053 designates a safety valve, and 54 a reducing valve.

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Claims (24)

1. Un dispositif de pressage isostatique à chaud en continu, comprenant:
-une presse isostatique à chaud et une enceinte à haute pression (2) comportant une extrémité ouverte (2a), disposées toutes les deux dans un poste principal (31) dudit dispositif;
-au moins un élément de support mobile (6) pour supporter au moins une pièce (5) à presser;
-un moyen de couverture (8a) pour fermer hermétiquement ladite extrémité ouverte (2a) de ladite enceinte à haute pression (2) et un élément principal (7a) attaché audit moyen de couverture du poste principal pour recevoir sélectivement ledit élément de support (6) au moins;
-un moyen de déplacement de poste principal (9) disposé dans ledit poste principal (31) pour sélectivement déplacer ledit moyen de couverture principal (8a) en contact hermétique et hors de contact hermétique avec ladite extrémité ouverte (2a) de ladite enceinte à haute pression (2);
-au moins une première chambre de travail (11) comportant une extrémité ouverte (11a) et se trouvant dans le premier poste auxiliaire (32) dudit dispositif;
-un premier moyen de couverture auxiliaire pour fermer hermétiquement ladite extrémité ouverte (11a) de ladite première chambre de travail (11) et un premier élément auxiliaire (7b) attaché audit premier moyen de couverture auxiliaire (8b) pour recevoir sélectivement au moins un élément de support (6);
-un premier moyen de déplacement auxiliaire (13) placé dans ledit premier poste auxiliaire (32) pour déplacer sélectivement ledit premier moyen de couverture auxiliaire (8b) en contact hermétique et hors de contact hermétique avec ladite extrémité ouverte (11 a) de ladite première chambre de travail (11);
-un réservoir fermé hermétiquement (12a, 12b), lesdites extrémités ouvertes (2a, 11a) de ladite enceinte à haute pression (2) et de ladite première chambre de travail (11) étant placées à l'intérieur, ledit réservoir fermé hermétiquement (12a, 12b) isolant lesdites extrémités ouvertes (2a, 11 a) de ladite enceinte à haute pression (2) et de ladite chambre de travail (11) d'un environnement dudit dispositif et faisant communiquer lesdites extrémités ouvertes (2a, 11a) de ladite enceinte à haute pression (2) et de ladite première chambre de travail (11) dans une atmosphère commune quand ledit moyen de couverture principal (8a) et ledit moyen de couverture auxiliaire (8b) en sont retirés; et
-un dispositif de transfert (14) comprenant un élément de transfert mobile (14a) monté sur ledit réservoir fermé hermétiquement (12a, 12b) et des moyens (33 à 36) pour déplacer ledit élément de transfert (14a), ledit dispositif de transfert (14) comprenant un moyen (14b) pour s'engager avec ledit élément de support (6) au moins et s'en dégager, et pour déplacer ledit élément de support (6) au moins entre une position dans laquelle ledit élément de support (6) repose sur ledit premier élément auxiliaire (7b) dudit premier élément de couverture auxiliaire (8b) et une position dans laquelle ledit élément de support (6) repose sur ledit élément principal (7a) dudit moyen de couverture principal (8a).
2. Le dispositif selon la revendication 1, comprenant encore un second poste auxiliaire (32B) pour préchauffer la pièce (5) à traiter, disposé près du poste principal (31), ledit second poste auxiliaire (32B) comprenant une chambre de travail (11b) dont une extrémité (11a) est ouverte pour préchauffer la pièce (5) à traiter, un élément de couverture mobile (8c) pour ouvrir et fermer ladite extrémité ouverte (11a), et un élément (7c) attaché audit élément de couverture mobile (8c) pour faire entrer et sortir la pièce (5) à traiter, ledit premier poste auxiliaire (32) comprenant un poste de refroidissement auxiliaire.
3. Le dispositif selon la revendication 1, comprenant encore un second poste auxiliaire (32B) disposé près du poste principal (31), de telle façon que ledit poste principal (31) se trouve entre lesdits premier (32) et second (32B) postes auxiliaires.
4. Le dispositif selon la revendication 1, comprenant encore des second (32B) et troisième (32C) postes auxiliaires disposés près du poste principal (31), et dans lequel l'un desdits second (32B) et troisième (32C) postes auxiliaires comprend un poste de refroidissement auxiliaire pour appliquer un traitement de refroidissement comme traitement ultérieur à une pièce à traiter (5) déjà pressée.
5. Le dispositif selon la revendication 1, comprenant encore des second (32B) et troisième (32D) postes auxiliaires disposés près du poste principal (31), dans lequel lesdits postes auxiliaires comprennent un poste auxiliaire d'introduction (32A), un poste auxiliaire d'enlèvement (32B), et un poste auxiliaire de préchauffage (32D) pour appliquer un traitement de préchauffage en tant que phase de pré-traitement à une pièce (5) à traiter avant de la presser.
6. Le dispositif selon la revendication 1, comprenant encore des second (32B), troisième (32C) et quatrième (32D) postes auxiliaires disposés près du poste principal (31), dans lequel lesdits postes auxiliaires (32A à D) comprennent un poste de refroidissement auxiliaire et un poste de préchauffage auxiliaire incorporés en série dans un cycle de presse.
7. Le dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, arrangé en tant que dispositif de pressage isostatique à chaud en continu du type rotatif, dans lequel le réservoir comprend:
-un réservoir toroïdal fermé hermétiquement (412);
-une table annulaire (415) disposée coaxiale- ment dans ledit réservoir toroïdal (412) et présentant des trous (415a), lesdits éléments de couverture (408a, 408b) étant sélectivement disposés sur ladite table annulaire (415) quand ils ne sont pas en relation de fermeture hermétique avec lesdites ouvertures (402a, 402b) de leurs chambres respectives;
-un moyen (417) pour faire tourner ladite chambre annulaire (415) dans ledit réservoir (412), de façon à amener lesdits éléments de couverture (408a, 408b) d'un poste à un autre; et
-au moins des premier et second dispositifs élévateurs (409), (413) respectivement placés dans lesdits postes, lesdits dispositifs élévateurs (409), (413) servant à lever et à abaisser, à travers lesdits trous (415a) de ladite table annulaire (415), lesdits éléments de couverture (408a, 408b) en contact hermétique et hors de contact hermétique avec ladite enceinte à haute pression dans ledit poste principal.
8. Le dispositif selon la revendication 7, dans lequel lesdits postes sont régulièrement écartés autour du réservoir (412).
9. Le dispositif selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel ledit dispositif de transfert (14) comprend:
-une paire d'arbres de transfert (14a) s'étendant longitudinalement à l'intérieur dudit réservoir fermé harmétiquement (12a, 12b) et étant disposés entre ladite pluralité de postes et lesdits moyens de couverture quand lesdits moyens de couverture sont dans des positions de non fermeture, chacun desdits arbres de transfert (14a) étant monté de façon à se déployer et à sa rétracter, et à tourner;
-des éléments de retenue par blocage (14b) placés sur lesdits arbres de transfert (14a) pour déplacer la pièce (5) d'un poste à un autre, les éléments de retenue (14b) étant placés en des positions correspondant à chaque poste, sauf un poste de commande terminal, quand lesdits arbres de transfert (14a) sont en position rétractée; et
-des moyens (34, 36) disposés à l'extérieur dudit réservoir fermé hermétiquement (12a, 12b) pour déployer et rétracter lesdits arbres de transfert (14a) et pour faire tourner lesdits arbres de transfert (14a), pour faire fonctionner lesdits éléments de retanue par blocage (14b).
10. Le dispositif selon la revendication 9, dans lequel ladite pluralité de postes comprend encore un poste d'introduction, un poste de pressage et un poste d'enlèvement.
11. Le dispositif selon la revendication 1, comprenant:
-un four de préchauffage en forme de tunnel (944) disposé à l'intérieur dudit réservoir fermé hermétiquement (12a, 12b), ledit four de préchauffage (944) ayant des dimensions telles qu'il puisse recevoir une pluralité de pièces (5), des moyens formant porte (956, 957) étant prévus, disposés aux première et seconde extrémités dudit four de préchauffage (944) pour sélectivement isoler thermiquement l'intérieur dudit four de préchauffage (944) de ladite atmosphère commune dans ledit réservoir fermé hermétiquement (12a, 12b);
-un moyen de transfert (950) pour transférer une pluralité de pièces (5) à l'intérieur dudit four de préchauffage (944) d'une ses extrémités à l'autre.
12. Le dispositif selon la revendication 11, comprenant encore une chambre de refroidissement (960) prévue dans une chambre de communication du réservoir fermé hermétiquement (12a, 12b), ladite chambre de refroidissement (960) comportant un moyen de transfert (967) pouvant recevoir une pluralité de pièces (5) à traiter et transférer les pièces (5) à traiter entre les postes; et des moyens de transfert (950), (959) pour transférer successivement des pièces (5) à traiter d'un poste (901) au four de préchauffage (944), du four de préchauffage (944) au poste principal (902), du poste principal (902) à la chambre de refroidissement (960), et de la chambre de refroidissement (960) à un autre poste (903).
13. Le dispositif selon la revendication 12, dans lequel ledit réservoir fermé hermétiquement (12a, 12b) est du type à passage rectiligne, et le four de préchauffage-(944) comporte un moyen de transfert (950) sous la forme d'un convoyeur logé dans un passage rectiligne.
14. Le dispositif selon la revendication 12, dans lequel ledit réservoir fermé hermétiquement (12a, 12b) a une forme en L et le four de préchauffage (944) comporte un moyen de transfert (950) sous la forme d'un convoyeur logé dans un passage courbe.
15. Le dispositif selon la revendication 1, comprenant:
-un moyen (1023) pour faire sélectivement un vide partiel dans ledit réservoir fermé hermétiquement (1001), ladite enceinte à haute pression (1027) et ladite chambre (1006) au moins;
-un moyen (1019) pour créer une atmosphère gazeuse choisie prédéterminée dans ledit réservoir fermé hermétiquement (1001), ladite enceinte à haute pression (1027) et ladite chambre (1006) au moins;
-un moyen de passage (1047) comprenant une vanne (1046) faisant communiquer.ledit réservoir fermé hermétiquement (1001) et l'intérieur de ladite enceinte à pression élevée (1027); et
-un moyen de passage (1049) comportant une vanne (1048) faisant communiquer ledit réservoir fermé hermétiquement (1001) et l'intérieur de ladite chambre (1006) au moins, dans lequel l'atmosphère de ladite enceinte à haute pression (1027) et de ladite chambre (1006) au moins peut être sélectivement équilibrée avec l'atmosphère dudit réservoir fermé hermétiquement (1001) avant de dégager lesdits moyens de couverture.
16. Le dispositif selon la revendication 15, dans lequel le réservoir fermé hermétiquement (1001) est annulaire et les moyens de transfert sont de type rotatif.
17. Le dispositif tel que revendiqué dans la revendication 1, comprenant un détecteur (2042, 2048) relié à deux éléments de fermeture axialement écartés (2037, 2038), prévus dans une partie logée entre l'intérieur d'une chambre et le moyen de couverture respectif (2025), un trou (2039) s'étendant d'entre lesdit éléments (2037, 2038), et un capteur (2050) communiquant avec ledit trou (2039).
18. Le dispositif selon la revendication 17, dans lequel le capteur comprend un vérin (2050) et un commutateur de fin de course (2048).
19. Le dispositif selon la revendication 17, dans lequel le capteur comprend un interrupteur à flotteur (2055).
20. Le dispositif selon la revendication 1, d'un type à trois postes, comprenant un poste d'introduction, un poste de pressage et un poste d'enlèvement.
21. Le dispositif selon la revendication 1, d'un type à deux postes, comprenant un poste d'introduction et d'enlèvement, et un poste de pressage.
22. Le dispositif selon la revendication 1, d'un type à quatre postes, comprenant un poste d'introduction, un poste de pressage, un poste de refroidissement et un poste d'enlèvement.
23. Le dispositif selon la revendication 1, d'un type à quatre postes, comprenant un poste d'introduction, un poste de préchauffage, un poste de pressage et un poste d'enlèvement.
24. Le dispositif selon la revendication 1, d'un type à cinq postes, comprenant un poste d'introduction, un poste de préchauffage, un poste de pressage, un poste de refroidissement et un poste d'enlèvement.
EP85304843A 1984-07-10 1985-07-08 Dispositif pour compresser isostatiquement à chaud Expired EP0171191B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (12)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59143809A JPS6122188A (ja) 1984-07-10 1984-07-10 熱間静水圧加圧装置
JP143809/84 1984-07-10
JP59197492A JPS6176876A (ja) 1984-09-19 1984-09-19 ロ−タリ式連続熱間静水圧加圧設備
JP197493/84 1984-09-19
JP19749384A JPS6176877A (ja) 1984-09-19 1984-09-19 連続熱間静水圧加圧設備
JP197492/84 1984-09-19
JP1984171400U JPH0234593Y2 (fr) 1984-11-12 1984-11-12
JP171400/84 1984-11-12
JP23909084A JPS61119400A (ja) 1984-11-13 1984-11-13 密閉された作業空間内において被処理体を搬送する装置
JP239090/84 1984-11-13
JP239089/84 1984-11-13
JP59239089A JPS61116285A (ja) 1984-11-13 1984-11-13 連続熱間静水圧加圧設備

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0171191A1 EP0171191A1 (fr) 1986-02-12
EP0171191B1 true EP0171191B1 (fr) 1988-09-28

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EP85304843A Expired EP0171191B1 (fr) 1984-07-10 1985-07-08 Dispositif pour compresser isostatiquement à chaud

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EP (1) EP0171191B1 (fr)
KR (1) KR900001857B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3565216D1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110115960B (zh) * 2019-05-17 2021-12-21 南通市中京机械有限公司 一种井中高温高压反应装置

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3698843A (en) 1971-02-24 1972-10-17 Nat Forge Co High production isostatic molding device
JPS5857481B2 (ja) 1981-10-24 1983-12-20 株式会社神戸製鋼所 熱間静水圧成形方法および装置
JPS5972495U (ja) * 1982-11-06 1984-05-17 株式会社神戸製鋼所 熱間静水圧加圧装置

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KR900001857B1 (ko) 1990-03-24
KR860000908A (ko) 1986-02-20
EP0171191A1 (fr) 1986-02-12
DE3565216D1 (en) 1988-11-03

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