EP0172433A2 - Anzeigeverfahren und -einrichtung mit kursorgesteuerter Bildverschiebung - Google Patents

Anzeigeverfahren und -einrichtung mit kursorgesteuerter Bildverschiebung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0172433A2
EP0172433A2 EP85109231A EP85109231A EP0172433A2 EP 0172433 A2 EP0172433 A2 EP 0172433A2 EP 85109231 A EP85109231 A EP 85109231A EP 85109231 A EP85109231 A EP 85109231A EP 0172433 A2 EP0172433 A2 EP 0172433A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
viewport
cursor
bit map
map memory
display
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85109231A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0172433A3 (de
Inventor
Charles B. Schnarel, Jr.
Allen Wirfs-Brock
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tektronix Inc
Original Assignee
Tektronix Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tektronix Inc filed Critical Tektronix Inc
Publication of EP0172433A2 publication Critical patent/EP0172433A2/de
Publication of EP0172433A3 publication Critical patent/EP0172433A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/08—Cursor circuits
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G5/00—Control arrangements or circuits for visual indicators common to cathode-ray tube indicators and other visual indicators
    • G09G5/14—Display of multiple viewports

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a graphics display method and apparatus and particularly to such method and apparatus wherein a viewport is panned within a larger virtual screen area employing a movable cursor.
  • a known apparatus for providing a graphics computer terminal display includes a cathode-ray-tube portraying an image which is refreshed from a pixel bit map memory wherein each of the elementary bits of the image are stored.
  • the pixel bit map memory may represent a larger virtual screen while the cathode-ray-tube presentation represents a window or viewport into the larger virtual screen. That is the cathode-ray-tube image is a visible version of part of the virtual screen stored in memory.
  • more than one screen presentation may be simultaneously stored in memory and the visual presentation on the screen can be switched between the blocks of stored information.
  • the prior art did not provide a convenient way of "panning" the viewport window with respect to the virtual screen stored in memory.
  • a graphics display device is provided with a "mouse" or other graphical input device which cooperates with means for addressing the display device's bit map memory so that a viewport into the bit map memory can be panned in conjunction with a cursor controlled by the mouse.
  • the mouse is operated for moving the cursor within the viewport displayed on the cathode-ray-tube screen until the edge of the viewport is encountered, the addressing of the bit map memory is changed whereby the whole viewport appears to be moved by the cursor.
  • the viewport is redefined such that the cursor falls just within the viewport, as long as the dimensions of the virtual screen in the bit map memory are not exceeded.
  • the viewport will move in the same direction by the same amount until the edge of the virtual screen in memory is reached.
  • the cursor under the control of a mouse can be utilized for pointing to and identifying any information in the entire virtual screen, with the viewport moving along with the cursor whenever the edge of the viewport is encountered by the cursor.
  • bit map memory 58 is consecutively addressed by counter 60 and read out to provide a display of the addressed pixels on cathode-ray-tube 62.
  • bit map memory 58 is consecutively addressed by counter 60 and read out to provide a display of the addressed pixels on cathode-ray-tube 62.
  • the viewport 56 is defined at the location illustrated in Fig. lb. Therefore, only the portion of the cylinder 64 shown in full line will be displayed on the face of the cathode-ray-tube, in exactly the same manner as shown within viewport 56 ip Fig.
  • bit map memory size is 1024 pixel bits by 1024 pixel bits, but the viewport comprises a space 640 pixel bits in the horizontal direction by 480 pixel bits in the vertical direction.
  • the origin or point having an address (0,0) for the bit map memory is indicated at 66, and the origin or starting address of the viewport 56 is located at 68 in Fig. lb.
  • a cursor 70 is positionable by a mouse or other graphical input device anywhere within the virtual image space 54.
  • the viewport 56 may be panned within the virtual image space of the bit map memory 54 by moving the cursor 70 against the edge of the viewport 56. For example, if the cursor 70 is moved to make a transition across the left hand edge of the viewport 56 in Fig. lb, the viewport 56 will follow the cursor as long as the cursor goes no farther than the left hand edge of the virtual image memory space 54.
  • rectangle AB represents the most extreme position that the viewport 56 can be toward the origin 66
  • rectangle CD represents the most extreme position that viewport 56 can be away from the origin.
  • the movement of the viewport as defined by movement of its origin 68 is constrained to remain within rectangle AC.
  • the particular sizes for the virtual image memory space and the viewport are given by way of example and could be changed even during the operation of a given apparatus.
  • bit map memory 58 is consecutively addressed from counter 60, with counter 60 cycling through addresses for the viewport it is desired to present on cathode-ray-tube 62. Since only a portion of the addresses in memory 58 is to be accessed, counter 60 does not count through all possible addresses, but only through the desired addresses. In particular, counter 60 is loaded at every vertical retrace time with a value representing the origin 68 in Fig. 1b of the desired viewport from viewport register or pan register 72.
  • the counter 60 is then clocked to count through successive addresses in bit map memory 58 representing a first horizontal "line" of pixels for display on CRT 62, the line comprising 640 consecutive addresses in the present example, and the counter then waits for the horizontal retrace signal from the cathode-ray-tube circuitry (not shown). Thereupon, the counter 60 is clocked again for accessing the pixels for the next line, etc. Between lines, an offset value is added to the output of counter 60 in adder 74, and the previous value in counter 60 plus the offset is preloaded back into counter 60. The reason for adding this offset will be appreciated from viewing Fig. lb. If a horizontal line of pixels, illustrated by dashed line 82 in Fig.
  • the addition value comprises the number of pixels in line segment 86 between the right hand edge of the viewport and the right hand edge of the bit map plus the number of pixels in the line segment 88 between the left hand side of the pixel bit map and the left hand side of the viewport.
  • the added value equals 1024 minus 640 or 384. This will differ for different embodiments.
  • the counter 60 is reloaded from register 72 with the offset representing the origin or start of the viewport.
  • the viewport is panned or moved relative to the bit map by changing the value in pan register 72.
  • counter 60 can be preloaded with a different value and the viewport will start at a new location.
  • memory 58 is a linear array at consecutive addresses and does not necessarily correspond to X and Y locations on a cathode-ray-tube screen.
  • horizontal or X addresses are input to register 76 and vertical or Y addresses are input to register 78.
  • these X and Y addresses may be derived from the positioning of the mouse or other graphical input device employed to position the cursor on the screen of the cathode-ray-tube.
  • the X and Y addresses are converted to a linear array address for input to register 72 in arithmetic unit 80 in a known manner.
  • arithmetic unit 80 converts the H and V values in registers 76 and 78 to a desired output according to the formula:
  • a mouse 40 or other similar graphical input device is employed for converting relative physical movement into an electrical input.
  • the mouse utilized was manufactured by Hawley Labs of Berkeley, California.
  • the mouse is movable manually over a flat surface (not shown) and supplies quadrature encoded output signals used to operate displacement counters 42 and 44 in a manner for incrementing or decrementing the displacement counters depending upon the extent and direction of movement of the mouse in respective horizontal and vertical component directions.
  • the displacements from counters 42 and 44 are added to cursor horizontal position register 46 and cursor vertical position 48 respectively, and the displacement counters 42 and 44 are reset to zero.
  • cursor positioning circuitry 50 which controls the position of the cursor on the cathode-ray-tube screen in a conventional manner.
  • the output of the cursor positioning circuitry provides an input to the pixel bit map memory whereby the previous cursor position as stored in the pixel bit map memory is erased and the new pixel position is stored therein assuming the cursor has moved.
  • the graphical input device or mouse is utilized for moving the viewport substantially simultaneously with the cursor, in the instance where the cursor is moved by the mouse to encounter one of the edges of the viewport.
  • the viewport then appears to move along with the cursor as the cursor "pushes" the viewport in the direction of cursor movement. The viewer can thus explore parts of the pixel bit map that lie beyond the viewport as previously displayed.
  • the cursor horizontal position from register 46 is provided to comparator 12 which compares the horizontal position of the cursor from register 46 with the horizontal position of the viewport, VPX (derived from register 38). If the cursor horizontal position is less than VPX, it will be seen that the cursor is to the left of the viewport, and the updating of register 38 at the next clock is enabled via OR gate 52 connected to receive the output of the comparator. Assuming the cursor has not moved entirely off the virtual screen represented by the bit map, then the cursor horizontal position will be supplied to register 38 by way of the "0" input of multiplexer 10 and "0" input of multiplexer 14. Register 38 is thus updated to represent the horizontal position of the cursor, and supplies the new VPX value for register 76 in Fig. 2.
  • the most significant bit of the cursor horizontal position is employed as a select input of multiplexer 10.
  • the most significant bit is treated as a sign bit, with negative numbers being typified by the most significant bit being one. If the cursor has moved entirely to the left of the virtual screen represented by the bit map, then multiplexer 10 will then output a zero causing register 38 to be reset to zero since the viewport is not desirably moved any farther to the left then the zero X coordinate.
  • Comparator 20 compares the horizontal cursor position from register 46 with (VPX + viewport width). Thus, a comparison is made between the horizontal cursor position and the right hand side of the viewport. If the cursor horizontal position is greater than the above- mentioned sum, then the updating of register 38 is again enabled by way of OR gate 52.
  • comparator 20 will also operate the select input of multiplexer 14 whereby the output of multiplexer 16 is provided as the input to register 38. If the cursor is to the right of the viewport, we choose the minimum of the right hand side of the bit map, or the cursor position if the cursor has not moved beyond it. Comparator 18 determines whether (map width - viewport width) is less than (cursor horizontal position - viewport width). If it is not, then multiplexer 16 selects (cursor horizontal position - viewport width) as the new input for register 38. As will be seen, this is the case where the cursor has moved off the right hand side of the viewport, but has not exceeded the bit map.
  • the viewport width is subtraced from the cursor position before updating register 38 since register 38 is used in updating the origin of the viewport and it will be seen such origin is the width of the viewport away from the right hand side of the viewport.
  • comparator 18 compares map width with cursor horizontal position and if the cursor horizontal position is less than map width, register 38 is updated with the new cursor position. If, on the other hand, map width is less than the new cursor position, indicating a cursor has moved off the map, then the "I" input of multiplexer 16 is selected and the quantity (map width - viewport width) will be input to register 38. As will be seen, this places the viewport against the right hand side of the map.
  • comparator 36 compares the cursor vertical position with VPY or the current viewport vertical position (from register 32). If the cursor position is less than VPY, indicating movement of the cursor off the top of the viewport, then updating of register 32 at the next clock is enabled with OR gate 34. Assuming the cursor has not moved entirely off the bit map, the cursor vertical position will be delivered to the viewport vertical position register 32 through multiplexers 28 and 30. Where the cursor vertical position has moved off the top of the viewport, the vertical position of the viewport will thus be moved to the vertical position of the cursor. Register 32 will update register 78 in Fig. 2 and may comprise the same register.
  • the most significant bit of cursor vertical position will be a one and multiplexer 28 will select zero as the input for register 32 whereby the new viewport will be positioned vertically against the top of the bit map.
  • comparator 24 determines whether the current vertical position of the cursor in register 48 is greater than (VPY + viewport height) and if it is, then updating of register 32 is enabled via OR gate 34.
  • Comparator 22 determines whether (map height - viewport height) is less than (cursor vertical position - viewport height). Map height minus viewport height is that position for the viewport where the viewport is against the bottom of the bit map. If this is less than cursor vertical position minus viewport height, then the cursor ha& moved from the bottom of the bit map and the "1" input of multiplexer 26 is selected by comparator 22. Consequently the aforementioned vertical position for the viewport where it is against the bottom of the bit map is selected for input to register 32 by way of multiplexers 26 and 30.
  • the "0" input of multiplexer 26 will be coupled to its output, and register 32 will receive (cursor vertical position - viewport height) as the new vertical position for moving the bottom edge of the viewport to the new cursor position.
  • the register 72 is updated in accordance with cursor movement under control of the mouse so that the viewport is moved along with the cursor when the cursor encounters the edge of the viewport, thereby providing easy panning of the viewport without requiring any additional control beyond that supplied for the cursor.
  • the operation between the mouse input and the hardware associated with the bit map circuitry of Fig. 3 is carried out in a microprocessor system wherein the relative mouse movements are received and the cursor and viewport are positioned in response thereto. Again, when the cursor makes a transition from inside the viewport to outside the viewport, the viewport is moved accordingly.
  • a microprocessor system wherein the relative mouse movements are received and the cursor and viewport are positioned in response thereto.
  • Mouse movement as referenced by block 90 provides an indication of relative X and Y motion in block 92.
  • the cursor position represented by block 94 is updated in accordance with the relative motions by an addition noted at 96, and the new cursor position is stored.
  • the cursor is actually moved to the new position in the block 98 after which it is determined in decision block 100 whether the cursor in its new position is inside or outside of the viewport. If the cursor is inside the viewport, no action is taken. If the cursor is outside the viewport, the viewport position (the X,Y coordinates of point 68 in Fig. lb) is adjusted so the cursor is just visible.
  • the new viewport position, block 101 is available for the test described by decision block 101.
  • a series of comparisons are made to indicate the boundary of the viewport that has been crossed, i.e. top, bottom, left, or right.
  • the first comparison determines whether the new cursor position X coordinate is smaller than the present viewport position. If it is, the cursor has moved to the left of the viewport, and a new X coordinate for the viewport is computed whose value is going to be the maximum of either the new cursor position or the smallest possible viewport value.
  • the next test checks to see whether the X value has exceeded the present viewport origin plus its width (which indicates the cursor has moved off the right side of the viewport). In that case the new viewport's X origin is made the smaller of the cursor position minus the width of the viewport or the maximum value the viewport can be set to.
  • the new viewport's Y will be made the maximum of the new cursor position or the minimum viewport Y.
  • a new Y value for the viewport's origin is computed which is the smaller of the cursor position's Y minus the viewport height or the maximum viewport Y value.
  • the full cursor image is erased in the bit map if the cursor has moved, as determined in the fourth line of the program. If the new cursor position is less than or greater than the previous cursor position then the bit map area under the old cursor position is restored. (The cursor is erased.)
  • the pan register is changed if the viewport position has changed. If the new computed position for the viewport is less than or greater than the previous viewport position, then the value in the pan register is changed so that the viewport will exhibit a new location.
  • X and Y inputs are as provided to registers 76 and 78 in Fig. 2. The computations indicated for arithmetic unit 80 in Fig. 2 are carried out.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Controls And Circuits For Display Device (AREA)
  • Digital Computer Display Output (AREA)
EP85109231A 1984-08-02 1985-07-23 Anzeigeverfahren und -einrichtung mit kursorgesteuerter Bildverschiebung Withdrawn EP0172433A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US63737584A 1984-08-02 1984-08-02
US637375 1984-08-02

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EP0172433A2 true EP0172433A2 (de) 1986-02-26
EP0172433A3 EP0172433A3 (de) 1989-04-05

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EP (1) EP0172433A3 (de)
JP (1) JPS6142686A (de)
CA (1) CA1244159A (de)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0247827A3 (de) * 1986-05-26 1989-11-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Rechnersystem mit einer Steuervorrichtung für ein Mehrfenster-Anzeigesystem
EP0324145A3 (de) * 1988-01-13 1990-09-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Anordnung zum Verschieben eines Bildausschnitts und Positionieren eines Cursors auf dem Bildschirm eines Sichtgerätes
EP0349459A3 (de) * 1988-06-30 1992-04-29 International Business Machines Corporation Verfahren zum Zugriff auf ausgewählte Fenster in einem Mehrprozessbetriebssystem
EP0403125A3 (de) * 1989-06-16 1992-05-06 International Business Machines Corporation Zoommodusbetriebsarten in einem Anzeigegerät
EP0405496A3 (en) * 1989-06-30 1992-10-28 Bull Hn Information Systems Inc. A method of manipulating images larger than a viewport
EP0487383A3 (en) * 1990-11-20 1993-01-07 International Business Machines Corporation Method and apparatus for graphic accessing of multiple software applications
EP0444133A4 (en) * 1988-11-14 1993-05-19 Wang Laboratories, Inc. Squeezable control device for computer display systems
WO2002082418A2 (de) 2001-04-06 2002-10-17 T-Mobile Deutschland Gmbh Verfahren zur anzeige von standardisierten grossformatigen internet-seiten in einhandengeräten mit mobilfunkanschluss
US7978172B2 (en) 2003-12-19 2011-07-12 Fujitsu Component Limited Switching device and switching methods of the same
EP2351830A1 (de) 2006-03-23 2011-08-03 Ajinomoto Co., Inc. Methode zur Produktion einer L-Aminosäure unter Verwendung eines Bakteriums der Enterobacteriaceae Familie mit einer abgeschwächten Expression eines Gens kodierend für sRNA
RU2496519C2 (ru) * 2007-08-28 2013-10-27 Бакстер Интернэшнл Инк. Способ получения препарата, содержащего вирусные антигены, и применение препарата
CN114579016A (zh) * 2020-11-30 2022-06-03 华为技术有限公司 一种共享输入设备的方法、电子设备及系统
US20240045557A1 (en) * 2020-11-30 2024-02-08 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Method for Sharing Input Device, Electronic Device, and System

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2666538B2 (ja) * 1990-08-10 1997-10-22 富士通株式会社 パニング制御システム
JP2010286858A (ja) * 2007-10-09 2010-12-24 Panasonic Corp ポインティング装置及びポインティング方法

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3903510A (en) * 1973-11-09 1975-09-02 Teletype Corp Scrolling circuit for a visual display apparatus
JPS59845B2 (ja) * 1975-03-12 1984-01-09 株式会社日立製作所 表示装置
GB2070399B (en) * 1980-02-27 1983-10-05 Xtrak Corp Real time toroidal pan
JPS5778087A (en) * 1980-10-31 1982-05-15 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Video information storage retrieving device
JPS58192145A (ja) * 1982-05-06 1983-11-09 Toshiba Corp 文書処理装置
US4555775B1 (en) * 1982-10-07 1995-12-05 Bell Telephone Labor Inc Dynamic generation and overlaying of graphic windows for multiple active program storage areas

Cited By (15)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0247827A3 (de) * 1986-05-26 1989-11-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba Rechnersystem mit einer Steuervorrichtung für ein Mehrfenster-Anzeigesystem
EP0324145A3 (de) * 1988-01-13 1990-09-12 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Anordnung zum Verschieben eines Bildausschnitts und Positionieren eines Cursors auf dem Bildschirm eines Sichtgerätes
EP0349459A3 (de) * 1988-06-30 1992-04-29 International Business Machines Corporation Verfahren zum Zugriff auf ausgewählte Fenster in einem Mehrprozessbetriebssystem
EP0444133A4 (en) * 1988-11-14 1993-05-19 Wang Laboratories, Inc. Squeezable control device for computer display systems
EP0403125A3 (de) * 1989-06-16 1992-05-06 International Business Machines Corporation Zoommodusbetriebsarten in einem Anzeigegerät
EP0405496A3 (en) * 1989-06-30 1992-10-28 Bull Hn Information Systems Inc. A method of manipulating images larger than a viewport
EP0487383A3 (en) * 1990-11-20 1993-01-07 International Business Machines Corporation Method and apparatus for graphic accessing of multiple software applications
WO2002082418A2 (de) 2001-04-06 2002-10-17 T-Mobile Deutschland Gmbh Verfahren zur anzeige von standardisierten grossformatigen internet-seiten in einhandengeräten mit mobilfunkanschluss
EP1456833B1 (de) * 2001-04-06 2016-07-20 T-Mobile Deutschland GmbH Verfahren zur anzeige von standardisierten grossformatigen internet-seiten in einhandendgeräten mit mobilfunkanschluss
US7978172B2 (en) 2003-12-19 2011-07-12 Fujitsu Component Limited Switching device and switching methods of the same
EP2351830A1 (de) 2006-03-23 2011-08-03 Ajinomoto Co., Inc. Methode zur Produktion einer L-Aminosäure unter Verwendung eines Bakteriums der Enterobacteriaceae Familie mit einer abgeschwächten Expression eines Gens kodierend für sRNA
RU2496519C2 (ru) * 2007-08-28 2013-10-27 Бакстер Интернэшнл Инк. Способ получения препарата, содержащего вирусные антигены, и применение препарата
CN114579016A (zh) * 2020-11-30 2022-06-03 华为技术有限公司 一种共享输入设备的方法、电子设备及系统
US20240045557A1 (en) * 2020-11-30 2024-02-08 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Method for Sharing Input Device, Electronic Device, and System
US12511006B2 (en) * 2020-11-30 2025-12-30 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Method for sharing input device, electronic device, and system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1244159A (en) 1988-11-01
JPS6142686A (ja) 1986-03-01
EP0172433A3 (de) 1989-04-05

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