EP0173674A2 - Bloc de construction creux pour l'édification de murs et moule pour la fabrication d'un tel bloc - Google Patents

Bloc de construction creux pour l'édification de murs et moule pour la fabrication d'un tel bloc Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0173674A2
EP0173674A2 EP85890177A EP85890177A EP0173674A2 EP 0173674 A2 EP0173674 A2 EP 0173674A2 EP 85890177 A EP85890177 A EP 85890177A EP 85890177 A EP85890177 A EP 85890177A EP 0173674 A2 EP0173674 A2 EP 0173674A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
chambers
section
masonry
hollow block
cross
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85890177A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0173674B1 (fr
EP0173674A3 (en
Inventor
Friedrich Frühwald
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Batiwe-Beteiligungs-Gesellschaft Mbh
Original Assignee
Batiwe-Beteiligungs-Gesellschaft Mbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Batiwe-Beteiligungs-Gesellschaft Mbh filed Critical Batiwe-Beteiligungs-Gesellschaft Mbh
Publication of EP0173674A2 publication Critical patent/EP0173674A2/fr
Publication of EP0173674A3 publication Critical patent/EP0173674A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0173674B1 publication Critical patent/EP0173674B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C1/00—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings
    • E04C1/40—Building elements of block or other shape for the construction of parts of buildings built-up from parts of different materials, e.g. composed of layers of different materials or stones with filling material or with insulating inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B7/00—Moulds; Cores; Mandrels
    • B28B7/16—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes
    • B28B7/18—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article
    • B28B7/183—Moulds for making shaped articles with cavities or holes open to the surface, e.g. with blind holes the holes passing completely through the article for building blocks or similar block-shaped objects
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B1/8404—Sound-absorbing elements block-shaped
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2/14—Walls having cavities in, but not between, the elements, i.e. each cavity being enclosed by at least four sides forming part of one single element
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
    • E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
    • E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
    • E04B2001/8476—Solid slabs or blocks with acoustical cavities, with or without acoustical filling
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0208—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections of trapezoidal shape
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/02—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls built-up from layers of building elements
    • E04B2002/0202—Details of connections
    • E04B2002/0204—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections
    • E04B2002/0226—Non-undercut connections, e.g. tongue and groove connections with tongues and grooves next to each other on the end surface

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a hollow block for the erection of masonry, with several, arranged in rows running parallel to the masonry plane, preferably from the upper surface of the stone to the opposite lower surface, essentially vertical chambers.
  • hollow blocks are already known and are installed in droves for the production of masonry.
  • the hollow blocks are made of different materials, for example concrete, cement-bound expanded clay, cement-bound wood wool, clay or the like.
  • the chambers either form air cells or there are insulating materials in the chambers, for example plates or strips made of polystyrene. In any case, the chambers increase the thermal resistance of the building block and thus improve the thermal insulation.
  • Hollow blocks are already known in which the chambers running in rows parallel to the masonry plane are rectangular in cross section.
  • it is also known to provide a chamber with a quarter-circular profile in the area of the corner in continuation of the chambers which are rectangular in cross section, in order to continue these chambers arranged in a row in the hollow block arranged around the corner achieve. This does not in itself influence the heat-insulating properties of the hollow block.
  • chambers with a rectangular cross-section there are also chambers with an approximately roof-shaped cross-section (a cross-section consisting of two interconnected rectangles, the longitudinal axes of which enclose an acute angle), chambers with an I-, L- or double-L-shaped cross-section and a rhombus-shaped cross-section known. It has also already been proposed to provide chambers with a substantially rectangular cross section at their ends or approximately in the middle with trapezoidal or circular thickenings. However, all these known cross sections of the chambers do not bring about any significant improvement in thermal insulation.
  • the thickening mentioned reduces the material required for the production of the hollow block, but at the same time also reduces the load-bearing capacity of the block. In addition, these thickenings support the convection of the air in the chambers, which increases the heat transfer.
  • the present invention has set itself the task of creating a hollow block, which on the one hand has an excellent load-bearing capacity, on the other hand an optimal thermal insulation.
  • the invention is based on a hollow block of the type described at the outset and consists essentially in the fact that the chambers have an arcuate cross section at least in the central region of the width of the stone extending in the direction of the masonry plane.
  • Such a hollow block has optimal thermal insulation properties, which results both from an examination of masonry built with such a hollow block and as a result of theoretical calculations.
  • the at least partially arcuate course of the volume of the same is increased slightly compared to the straight one, but without there by increasing the width of the chambers, which would bring about an undesirable increase in the convection of the air in the chambers. This improves the heat insulation effect achieved by the air-filled chambers.
  • the load capacity of the hollow block is increased by the inventive design.
  • Static calculations have shown that the load-bearing capacity is increased by about 6% compared to a hollow block with straight chambers, which results from an increase in the moment of inertia, which is twice as large in the hollow block according to the invention as the moment of inertia of a hollow block with straight chambers.
  • an increase in load capacity of 8% was determined.
  • a major advantage of the hollow block according to the invention also results in connection with its manufacture.
  • This manufacture takes place according to the invention in a casting mold, in which at least a part of the shape cross-sectionally connected webs are connected to form the chambers. These arcuate webs are therefore only connected to the mold at their edge and are not supported in between.
  • the latter has to be shaken in order to compact the material, whereby the webs formed from sheet metal begin to vibrate, which has the disadvantage that the material is in the area of these webs and thus with the intermediation of these Bars produced chambers is insufficiently compressed.
  • the arched webs now provide better strength, which also reduces the self-vibrations that occur during shaking and the vibrations that occur during shaking are transferred to the mass introduced into the casting mold.
  • Optimal values result when the sheet is at least a third, preferably about half, that is in rich tion of the masonry level extending width of the stone.
  • the arcuate cross section of the chambers can, for example, have the shape of a parabola or an ellipse section.
  • the cross section of the chambers is expediently at least partially delimited by circular arcs, the circular arcs preferably having a common center point from chambers arranged adjacent in the direction perpendicular to the inside of the brick.
  • the advantage is achieved that the webs arranged between the circular arc-shaped chambers have the same width everywhere, that is to say the distance between the chambers is the same everywhere, resulting in optimal heat and sound-insulating values.
  • the arc-shaped part of the chambers continues in the area of the side surfaces adjoining adjacent hollow blocks in a straight part, which has the advantage that the chambers of the hollow block adjacent when the masonry is erected are directly connected, so that optimal thermal insulation is also provided on the shock wave between adjacent hollow blocks.
  • the cross section of the chambers is smaller in the area adjacent to the upper cover surface than in the rest of the area.
  • the at least partially arcuate chambers only in a section of the stone which is adjoined by an essentially compact section, the separation between the two sections running essentially parallel to the masonry plane.
  • the section of the stone that has the at least partially arcuate chambers provides the necessary thermal insulation
  • the essentially compact section that is arranged on the inside of the masonry when the masonry is erected results in very good sound insulation and acts as a heat accumulator, by means of which a fluctuating temperature acts
  • Temperature compensation is achieved inside the building and the temperature prevailing inside the building is kept essentially constant in the desired manner for a certain time.
  • the section having the at least partially curved chambers has a lower density, preferably a density between 500 and 700 kg / m 3
  • the essentially compact section has a greater density, preferably a density between 800 and 1200 kg / m 3 .
  • the lower density leads to an improvement in the thermal insulation, the higher density an increase in the heat storage capacity and the sound insulation.
  • Fig. 1 shows a hollow block according to the invention in a horizontal section along the line I - I in Fig. 2 and Fig. 2 shows the hollow block according to Fig. 1 in a vertical section along the line II - II in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 3 shows schematically in side view an inventive device for producing a stone according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a section along the line IV-IV in FIG. 3 through four casting molds combined into one unit.
  • Fig. 5 shows a section along the line V - V in Fig. 3.
  • Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of a device for compacting the masses poured into the molds and Fig. 7 also shows a perspective view of the filling device of the invention Device.
  • the hollow block according to the invention consists of two sections of different density, namely a section 1 of higher density and a section 2 of lower density. Both sections preferably have the same material composition and consist, for example, of concrete, but production using clay is also conceivable.
  • the dividing line between the two sections is indicated schematically by the dash-dotted line 3, whereby, however, as the manufacturing method explained in more detail later, no exact dividing line is created, rather the separation of the two sections is different Density takes place within a certain range. However, this does not matter, since an exact separation between the two sections is not important for the hollow block according to the invention.
  • the section 1 of greater density which is arranged on the inside in the production of rising masonry by means of the hollow block according to the invention, is essentially compact and forms a storage part which stores the heat and ensures the required sound insulation.
  • the bulk density of this section is between 800 and 1200 kg / m 3 .
  • grooves 4 adjacent to the inside 5 of the brick are provided. These grooves 4 serve to facilitate the production of channels on the inside of the masonry for the accommodation of installation lines.
  • section 1 On the side surfaces, section 1 has large mortar pockets 6 which effectively interrupt the longitudinal sound conduction, but at the same time also bring about additional thermal insulation in the area of the construction joint, especially when using light mortar.
  • the section 2 with a lower density of about 600 kg / m 3 , which effects the thermal insulation, has chambers 7, which partially run in the shape of a circular arc, the circular arcs (radii r 1 to r 4 ) having a common center. This results in an equidistant formation of the chambers 7 also in the area of the arcs.
  • the length of the arcuate part of the chambers 7 is about half, but at least one third of the width of the stone, that is the dimension between the opposite side surfaces.
  • the concave side of the chambers 7 is the inside 5 of the hollow block facing, which results in the aforementioned reflection of the high-frequency waves causing the energy transport in the direction of the room interior.
  • the section 2 of lower density, which has the chambers 7, has lugs 8 and recesses 9 on the side surfaces for centering with adjacent hollow blocks.
  • the cross section of the chambers in the region adjoining the upper cover surface 20 is smaller at 7 ′ than in the rest of the region.
  • the thickness of the chambers there is reduced from approximately 8 mm to approximately 3 mm. This makes it possible to guide the chambers 7 up to the upper cover surface 20, although mortar penetration into the chambers, which would impair the insulating effect thereof, is largely avoided.
  • the stone according to the invention is produced in casting molds, for example, as can be seen from FIG. 4, four casting molds 10 are combined to form a unit 11 which, as can be seen from FIG. 3, is placed on a flat bottom surface 12.
  • four casting molds 10 can also be combined to form a unit, and it is of course also possible to produce only a single stone in a single casting mold 10 during each filling process.
  • the two masses of different densities required for the production of the stone according to the invention are filled into a filling device 12, which is shown in perspective in FIG. 7.
  • the filling device 12 has two filling openings 13, 14 which are separated from one another by a wall 15 and into which the two masses of different densities are filled.
  • the masses of different densities filled into the filling openings 13, 14 are distributed over three outlet openings 16, 17, 18 such that the mass of lower density emerges through the two outer outlet openings 16, 18 the middle out the opening 17, however, the mass of greater density.
  • Crosspieces 19, which separate the outlet openings 16, 17, 18, ensure that the masses do not immediately mix with one another when they exit the openings 16, 17, 18.
  • the filling device 12 is located above an intermediate container 20, so that after opening a flap 21 which closes the outlet openings 16, 17, 18 and is not shown in FIG. 7, the masses of different densities are filled into the intermediate container.
  • the intermediate container 20 has no bottom and is located above a table 22 which prevents the filled-in mass from escaping.
  • the flap 21 is closed.
  • the intermediate container 20 is moved along rails 23 until it is above the four casting molds 10 combined into one unit. It is then caused by a vibrator, not shown, that the intermediate container 20 is completely emptied into the casting molds 10, which are combined to form a unit 11.
  • the intermediate container 20 After the intermediate container 20 has been emptied, it is pushed back into its starting position below the filling device 12. A stamp 25 is then lowered, for example by means of a hydraulic cylinder 26, which causes the masses of different densities filled into the casting molds 10 to be compressed.
  • webs 27 are fixed to the side walls of the casting molds, which extend in the upper region of the casting molds from one side wall to the opposite side wall, but are provided with recesses 28 below this uppermost region. These webs 27 serve to produce the chambers 7, the interruptions between the individual chambers being produced where the recesses 28 are provided, since the filled-in masses pass through these recesses can kick.
  • the stamp 25 is lowered so far during the compression of the filled masses that the surface of the compressed masses lying against the stamp is below the upper limit of the recesses 28.
  • the area of the webs above the recesses 28 thus only serves to allow the webs 27 to be fixed to the side walls of the casting molds 10.
  • the four casting molds 10 combined into a unit 11 are raised by means of a lifting device 29 (see FIG. 5), the unit being guided along rails 30.
  • the stones removed from the surface and resting on the surface 24 can now be removed and left to dry.
  • the cross section of the webs 27 is smaller at the lower end adjacent to the support surface 24 than in the rest of the region, so that the regions 7 ′ of reduced cross section of the chambers 7 are formed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)
  • Retaining Walls (AREA)
EP19850890177 1984-08-30 1985-08-08 Bloc de construction creux pour l'édification de murs et moule pour la fabrication d'un tel bloc Expired EP0173674B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT2784/84 1984-08-30
AT0278484A AT381532B (de) 1984-08-30 1984-08-30 Hohlblockstein fuer die errichtung von aufgehendem mauerwerk, sowie giessform zur herstellung des hohlblocksteines

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0173674A2 true EP0173674A2 (fr) 1986-03-05
EP0173674A3 EP0173674A3 (en) 1986-12-30
EP0173674B1 EP0173674B1 (fr) 1989-11-29

Family

ID=3540236

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19850890177 Expired EP0173674B1 (fr) 1984-08-30 1985-08-08 Bloc de construction creux pour l'édification de murs et moule pour la fabrication d'un tel bloc

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0173674B1 (fr)
AT (1) AT381532B (fr)
DE (1) DE3574487D1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT400456B (de) * 1986-01-15 1996-01-25 Wienerberger Baustoffind Ag Hohlformstein
AT402213B (de) * 1989-12-07 1997-03-25 Wienerberger Baustoffind Ag Hochlochbaustein mit länglichen, durchgehenden durchbrechungen
EP1676684A3 (fr) * 2004-12-29 2009-08-12 Baustoffwerke Gebhart & Sohne Gmbh & Co. Kg Procédé de production d'un bloc de construction
CN112726859A (zh) * 2020-12-28 2021-04-30 南京柯庆慕文化传媒有限公司 一种建筑隔噪层板

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT400458B (de) * 1988-01-18 1996-01-25 Wienerberger Baustoffind Ag Hochlochziegel

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE183789C (fr) *
CH137973A (fr) * 1928-12-06 1930-02-15 Syndicat Des Brevets Bloc Athe Perfectionnement aux blocs d'agglomérés pour constructions.
FR752953A (fr) * 1932-07-12 1933-10-04 Perfectionnements aux moellons
DE820801C (de) * 1948-10-19 1951-11-12 Oswald Koenig Kunststein, insbesondere Baustein und Vorrichtung zu seiner Herstellung
DE804775C (de) * 1948-12-01 1951-04-30 John Gunnar Adolf Victorin Verfahren und Form zum Herstellen von Baubloecken aus Beton u. dgl.
DE860709C (de) * 1951-06-28 1952-12-22 Karl Ellwanger Mauerstein mit Durchlochungen
AT298012B (de) * 1970-06-19 1972-04-25 Wienerberger Baustoffind Ag Stranggepreßter Hohlziegel
AT309759B (de) * 1971-05-14 1973-09-10 Rudolf Donhauser Dr Hohlblockstein
DE2226460A1 (de) * 1972-05-31 1973-12-06 Nikol Schaller Ziegelwerk Inh Grossblockstein
AT329830B (de) * 1974-07-19 1976-05-25 Wienerberger Baustoffind Ag Hohlraumstein
US4023767A (en) * 1976-06-15 1977-05-17 Fontana Joseph R Mold box and mold head

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT400456B (de) * 1986-01-15 1996-01-25 Wienerberger Baustoffind Ag Hohlformstein
AT402213B (de) * 1989-12-07 1997-03-25 Wienerberger Baustoffind Ag Hochlochbaustein mit länglichen, durchgehenden durchbrechungen
EP1676684A3 (fr) * 2004-12-29 2009-08-12 Baustoffwerke Gebhart & Sohne Gmbh & Co. Kg Procédé de production d'un bloc de construction
CN112726859A (zh) * 2020-12-28 2021-04-30 南京柯庆慕文化传媒有限公司 一种建筑隔噪层板

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0173674B1 (fr) 1989-11-29
AT381532B (de) 1986-10-27
ATA278484A (de) 1986-03-15
DE3574487D1 (de) 1990-01-04
EP0173674A3 (en) 1986-12-30

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