EP0175313A2 - Dispositif pour le broyage de déchets - Google Patents

Dispositif pour le broyage de déchets Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0175313A2
EP0175313A2 EP85111647A EP85111647A EP0175313A2 EP 0175313 A2 EP0175313 A2 EP 0175313A2 EP 85111647 A EP85111647 A EP 85111647A EP 85111647 A EP85111647 A EP 85111647A EP 0175313 A2 EP0175313 A2 EP 0175313A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
disc
cutter disc
edge
cutter
knife
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85111647A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0175313B1 (fr
EP0175313A3 (en
Inventor
Fritz Ing.-Grad. Scheppach
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Josef Scheppach Maschinenfabrik & Co GmbH
Original Assignee
Josef Scheppach Maschinenfabrik & Co GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE3434303A external-priority patent/DE3434303C2/de
Application filed by Josef Scheppach Maschinenfabrik & Co GmbH filed Critical Josef Scheppach Maschinenfabrik & Co GmbH
Priority to AT85111647T priority Critical patent/ATE42477T1/de
Publication of EP0175313A2 publication Critical patent/EP0175313A2/fr
Publication of EP0175313A3 publication Critical patent/EP0175313A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0175313B1 publication Critical patent/EP0175313B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/08—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers
    • B02C18/083—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers with a disc rotor having generally radially extending slots or openings bordered with cutting knives

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for comminuting waste, in particular garden waste, with a knife disc that can be driven by a motor and drives under a stationary counter-holder, which is arranged in a housing chamber provided with an ejection channel, into which a lower part is shut off from the knife disc arranged input shaft opens.
  • a device of this type is known from DE-OS 31 04 586.
  • the material only by the knives of the knife disc, which is arranged at an angle to the installation plane.
  • the knife disc which is arranged at an angle to the installation plane, is only acted upon via a comparatively slim input shaft in the area of the upper quadrant of its surface half that moves downward. This does not result in any problems with the shredding of stiff, woody material and with sharp knives on the knife disc. If, however, the knife edge is slightly worn, the woody material to be shredded is no longer drawn in satisfactorily, since this avoids the knives. It was therefore previously necessary to change the knives of the knife disc after a relatively short service life.
  • the stationary counter-holder has a cross-section corresponding approximately to a plan view of the cutter disc having an input shaft having a radially projecting nose, which has an edge parallel to the cutting disc, which cooperates with the knives of the cutting disc, and an edge which borders this radially on the inside and runs approximately perpendicular to the cutting disc plane, past which a cylindrical cutting disc attachment coaxially accommodated on the cutting disc passes, the circumference of which a conveyor profile interrupted by at least one longitudinal groove running in its longitudinal direction and leading to the cutter disc in the drive direction.
  • the knife disc attachment which cooperates with the side edge of the stationary counter-holder, which runs perpendicular to the plane of the knife disc, causes a material transport to the knife disc due to its transport profile provided on the circumference.
  • the material fed to the knife disc in this way therefore advantageously has practically no possibility of avoiding the knives of the knife disc, so that there is a reliable material feed and thus reliable material cutting, even when the knives of the knife disc are already blunt or are almost blunt.
  • the rear edges of the longitudinal grooves of the knife shaft attachment act as cut edges which cooperate with the corresponding side edge of the stationary counter-holder.
  • the knife shaft attachment according to the invention thus advantageously brings about not only reliable feeding of stiff material, but also reliable shredding of soft material.
  • the cross-section of the input shaft advantageously does not need only one quadrant of the knives disc to be limited, but can have a large cross-section, approximately corresponding to the top view of the knife disc, which ensures a high absorption capacity and nevertheless counteracts blockages. Since the stationary counterholder penetrates the lower cross section of the input shaft in the radial direction, it is nevertheless ensured that the material to be shredded is locked against rotation. The advantages that can be achieved with the invention can therefore be seen in particular in excellent reliability.
  • the cutter disc attachment can be provided with at least one driver cam, which is arranged in the peripheral area of its end face facing away from the cutter disc and has a driver cam in the direction of rotation. This prevents light material introduced into the input shaft from remaining on the cutter disc attachment. Rather, this material is gripped by the driver cam (s) arranged on the end face and cut in the region of the side edge of the stationary holder or brought into engagement with the conveyor profile.
  • a further expedient measure of the superordinate measures can consist in that the longitudinal grooves of the cutter disc attachment are inclined obliquely with respect to the axial direction. This advantageously results in a scissor-like working meadow of the cutting edges delimiting the longitudinal grooves, which has an advantageous effect on smooth running.
  • a further advantageous measure can consist in that the conveyor profile is designed as a cut thread profile, preferably in the form of a pointed thread, with a lower flank perpendicular to the lateral surface and an upper flank inclined to the lateral surface.
  • the edge of the stationary counter-holder which is parallel to the cutting disc, can expediently be crescent-shaped. This ensures that the comminution material coming into contact with it is not pushed radially inward or radially outward by the radially running knives of the cutter disk, but is reliably cut in the deepest region of the sickle arch. At the same time, this also results in a silhouette-like mode of operation, which has an advantageous effect on achieving smooth running.
  • the nose forming the stationary chuck holder can have a roof surface which runs out of the wall of the input shaft and is laterally delimited by the edge which interacts with the cutter disc attachment and slopes away from the edge parallel to the cutter disc.
  • This roof surface advantageously results in an oblique deflection surface for comminution material thrown into the input shaft. This effectively counteracts the formation of a dead corner in the area of the stationary counterhold.
  • the waste shredder shown in the drawing consists, as can best be seen from FIG. 1, of a mobile machine frame 1 and a shredding unit 2 accommodated thereon.
  • the shredding unit 2 contains an input shaft 3 formed by a standing pipe, which is associated with a shredding tool protection provided with an ejection channel 4 housing 5 is placed.
  • the protective housing 5 consists of two shells arranged one on top of the other, which are detachably held together by wing screws 6 arranged in the area of adjoining edge flanges. In order to achieve free access to the shredding tools, the cover shell of the protective housing 5 receiving the input shaft 3 can therefore simply be removed.
  • the lower shell of the protective housing 5 is attached to the machine frame 1.
  • the input shaft 3 formed by a tube is provided with a collecting funnel 7 in the area of its upper end.
  • the lower end of the input shaft 3 opens into a chamber 8 formed by the protective housing 5, which is provided with an outlet formed by the ejection channel 4.
  • the mouth cross-section 9 of the input shaft 3 is blocked off by a knife disk 10 arranged in parallel in the chamber 8, which can be driven by means of a motor accommodated on the machine frame 1.
  • the knife disk 10 can simply be drawn onto the motor shaft 11.
  • the input shaft 3 is arranged upright.
  • the cutter disk 10 is inclined to accomplish a cut that runs obliquely to the fiber of tree branches to be shredded or the like, obliquely to the axis of the input shaft 3 and thus also obliquely to the installation plane.
  • the protective housing 5 is also inclined with respect to the upright input shaft 3.
  • the cross section of the standing input shaft 3 corresponds practically over its entire height to the elliptical top view of the obliquely inclined knife disk 10, as can best be seen from FIG.
  • the input shaft 3 can be in one piece be trained.
  • the knife disk 10 arranged in the chamber 8 is equipped with radially running knives 13 arranged in the region of the rear edges of radial slots 12 and is provided with a centrally arranged cylindrical attachment 14 which delimits the Ramal slots 12 on the inside and protrudes into the input shaft 3.
  • the diameter of the cutter disc attachment 14 corresponds to approximately one third of the diameter of the cutter disc 10.
  • the height of the cutter disc attachment 14 is selected so that its upper edge can run past the adjacent wall of the standing input shaft 3 with sufficient play.
  • the cutter disc attachment 14 is provided with a circumferential conveyor profile 15, here in the form of a pointed thread, which leads to the cutter disc 10 in the drive direction.
  • the circumferential webs of the pointed thread forming the conveyor profile 15 are profiled in such a way that a lower flank 16, approximately perpendicular to the lateral surface of the cutter disc attachment 14, and an upper flank 17 inclined to the lateral surface result.
  • the circumferential webs of the conveyor profile 15 are interrupted in the circumferential direction by transverse longitudinal grooves 18, the rear edges 19 of which in the direction of rotation can practically act as cut edges.
  • four longitudinal grooves 18 are provided which are evenly offset from one another on the circumference of the cutter disc attachment 14.
  • the end of the cutter disc attachment 14 remote from the cutter disc is equipped with driver cams 20 arranged on the edge, which are arranged so that their driver edge 21 in the region of the rear edge 19 of an associated longitudinal groove 18 is located.
  • a driver cam 20 is assigned to every second longitudinal groove 18.
  • the rotating crushing tools in the form of the knife disk 10 and the knife disk attachment 14 arranged coaxially thereon interact with a stationary counter-holder 22, which is arranged in the lower region of the feed chute 3.
  • a nose which is arranged in the lower region of the input shaft 3 and projects radially into it and covers the mouth cross-section 9 approximately sector-shaped is provided, which has a lower, flush with the mouth cross-section 9, with the knives 13 of the parallel knife disk 10 cooperating edge 23 and with an radially inner border, perpendicular to the plane of the knife disk 10, which edge 24 cooperates with the circumference of the cutter disc attachment 14.
  • the distance between the edges 23 and 24 from the knives 13 interacting therewith or the circumference of the knife disc attachment 14 interacting therewith corresponds to the respectively desired machining thickness.
  • the material introduced into the input funnel 3 comes into contact with the stationary counter-holder 22 driven by the knife disc 10 as a result of the rotation of the knife disc 10, and is thereby either by interaction of the knives 13 of the knife disc 10 with the associated counter-holder edge 23 which is parallel thereto or by interaction the rear edges 19 of the longitudinal grooves 18 which serve as the cutting edge are comminuted with the associated side edge 24 of the stationary counter-holder 22.
  • Stiff material such as tree branches or the like, is through the conveyor profile 15 of the knife blade benaufsatzes 14 brought up to the knife disc 10 and machined in the region of its lower end by the interaction of the knife 13 and the counter-holder edge 23.
  • the nose which forms the stationary counter-holder 22 and projects radially into the input shaft can be designed as an L-shaped bracket which is arranged such that its outer edges form the edges 23 and 24.
  • a roof-shaped deflecting surface it may prove expedient to fan out the surface section delimited by the legs of such a bracket and the wall of the input funnel.
  • a gusset insert welded to the wall of the inlet funnel 3 with edges arranged approximately at an angle to one another is used to form the stationary yoke holder.
  • the stationary counter-holder can be reinforced by inserted steel strips 25 and 26, as can best be seen from FIG. 4, in which the stationary counter-holder 22 is shown schematically with dash-dotted lines.
  • the assigned to the knives 13 of the knife disc 10, lower edge reinforced by the steel strip 25 of the Ge Genhalters 22 is, as can be seen from Figure 4, bent out in the direction of rotation sickle-shaped. Crushing material brought to the system by the knives is cut like a silhouette, which enables smooth running. Material migrating to the side is reliably cut in the region of the greatest deflection of the edge 23.
  • the longitudinal grooves 18 can be inclined obliquely to the direction of the axis of the cutter disc attachment 14 in order to accomplish a scissor-cut-like operation even in the region of the edge 24 of the counter holder 22 assigned to the cutter disc attachment 14.
  • the knife disk 10 is inclined obliquely with respect to the input shaft 3 in order to achieve a cut which runs obliquely to the fiber.
  • an inclination angle of approximately 45 ° is provided.
  • the stationary counter-holder 22 is arranged such that its edge 23, which is assigned to the knives 13 of the knife disk 10 and is parallel to the knife disk, is approximately in the region of the boundary between the two quadrants of the downwardly moving surface half of the knife disk 10, as can further be seen from FIG .
  • the crescent-shaped curved edge 23 intersects the quadrant boundary line in the radially outer region.
  • the inner end of the edge 23 and thus also the edge 24 parallel to the cutting disc are offset by a small amount with respect to the quadrant boundary line.
  • the central region of the edge 23 is bent out in relation to the connecting line between its ends in order to accomplish the desired silhouette-like operation and to prevent lateral material deviation in the direction of rotation.
  • the cut material is ejected in the cutting direction.
  • the ejection channel 4 is accordingly inclined downwards, as can be clearly seen in FIGS. 1 and 2. Dead corners of the ejection channel 4 located outside the direction of flight are delimited by edge strips 27, as can also be seen from FIG.
  • the ejection of the cut material can be supported by wings arranged in the area of the underside of the knife disc 10, here simply formed by the knife clamping jaws.
  • the knife disc 10 is provided with a hub 28 which is placed on a receiving head 30 which is wedged onto the shaft 11 of the motor 29 and is connected to it in a rotationally locking manner by means of pins.
  • the hub 28 also serves as a receptacle for the cutter disc attachment 14. This is simply butted onto the hub 28 and together with the latter by means of a screw 31, which extends through a central bore in the hub 28 and the cutter disc attachment 14, with the shaft 11 or the receiving head 30 wedged thereon clamped.
  • the non-positive connection between the cutter disc attachment 14 and the hub 28 of the cutter disc 10, which is accomplished with the aid of the screw 31, is generally sufficient to be able to transmit the required torque.
  • the design of the cutter disc attachment 14 as a separate component and its detachable fixing with the aid of a single screw ensures that the cutter disc attachment 14 and / or the cutter disc 10 can be removed easily and simply, which can make maintenance work very easy.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
EP19850111647 1984-09-19 1985-09-14 Dispositif pour le broyage de déchets Expired EP0175313B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85111647T ATE42477T1 (de) 1984-09-19 1985-09-14 Vorrichtung zum zerkleinern von abfall.

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3434303 1984-09-19
DE3434303A DE3434303C2 (de) 1984-09-19 1984-09-19 Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Abfall
EP8600140 1986-03-14

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0175313A2 true EP0175313A2 (fr) 1986-03-26
EP0175313A3 EP0175313A3 (en) 1987-08-26
EP0175313B1 EP0175313B1 (fr) 1989-04-26

Family

ID=25824859

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19850111647 Expired EP0175313B1 (fr) 1984-09-19 1985-09-14 Dispositif pour le broyage de déchets

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0175313B1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0505702A1 (fr) * 1991-03-27 1992-09-30 Crones & Co. Gmbh Broyeur de déchets de jardin avec enceinte contenant des couteaux plats ainsi que des couteaux de prébroyage à entraîner en rotation
DE4142593A1 (de) * 1991-12-21 1993-06-24 Gloria Werke Schulte H Kg Haecksler mit einem messerteller-aufsatz
CN109235570A (zh) * 2018-11-15 2019-01-18 台州市厨真环保设备厂 塔状齿盘

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4366928A (en) * 1980-07-07 1983-01-04 Hughes John H Apparatus and method for comminuting solid materials
DE3104586A1 (de) * 1981-02-10 1982-08-12 Josef Scheppach Maschinenfabrik Gmbh & Co, 8873 Ichenhausen Vorrichtung zum zerkleinern von abfall
DE3219183A1 (de) * 1982-05-21 1983-11-24 Gloria-Werke H. Schulte-Frankenfeld Gmbh & Co, 4724 Wadersloh Haeckseler fuer gartenabfaelle und dergleichen
DE8427513U1 (de) * 1984-09-19 1985-08-01 Scheppach Maschf J Vorrichtung zum Zerkleinern von Abfall

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0505702A1 (fr) * 1991-03-27 1992-09-30 Crones & Co. Gmbh Broyeur de déchets de jardin avec enceinte contenant des couteaux plats ainsi que des couteaux de prébroyage à entraîner en rotation
DE4142593A1 (de) * 1991-12-21 1993-06-24 Gloria Werke Schulte H Kg Haecksler mit einem messerteller-aufsatz
CN109235570A (zh) * 2018-11-15 2019-01-18 台州市厨真环保设备厂 塔状齿盘

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0175313B1 (fr) 1989-04-26
EP0175313A3 (en) 1987-08-26

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