EP0178401A2 - Procédé d'adaptation d'un four tunnel pour des performances variables ainsi qu'un four tunnel manie par un calculateur - Google Patents

Procédé d'adaptation d'un four tunnel pour des performances variables ainsi qu'un four tunnel manie par un calculateur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0178401A2
EP0178401A2 EP85109570A EP85109570A EP0178401A2 EP 0178401 A2 EP0178401 A2 EP 0178401A2 EP 85109570 A EP85109570 A EP 85109570A EP 85109570 A EP85109570 A EP 85109570A EP 0178401 A2 EP0178401 A2 EP 0178401A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
firing
tunnel
individual
tunnel furnace
process computer
Prior art date
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EP85109570A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0178401A3 (fr
Inventor
Wolfgang Dr.-Ing. Leisenberg
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0178401A2 publication Critical patent/EP0178401A2/fr
Publication of EP0178401A3 publication Critical patent/EP0178401A3/fr
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
    • F27B9/30—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for furnaces of these types
    • F27B9/40—Arrangements of controlling or monitoring devices

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for adapting a tunnel kiln in the ceramic industry to different outputs and firing curves, and a computer-guided tunnel kiln for using this method.
  • the fired material passes through a stationary temperature profile and is treated according to a heating and cooling process specified by the fired material.
  • the temperature profile is currently kept constant by individual control loops in the area of the firing, heating and cooling zone.
  • mathematical models of furnace behavior are known, the energy and material flows being adapted to changing conditions by means of computers.
  • the conventional tunnel furnace having a permanently a certain temperature profile to the requirements of B race good only at a throughput rate and at a constant material meet. If the thrust speed is changed or a different firing material is used, the furnace firing curve must be readjusted manually. This means considerable personnel expenditure, which, however, is no longer economically viable. Therefore, most tunnel kilns have a temperature profile driven that requires as few changes to the tunnel furnace as possible; However, this does not, or only rarely, result in an economically and qualitatively optimal furnace operation.
  • Running a tunnel kiln according to a mathematical model is, however, very complex, since the static and dynamic behavior of the kiln is known and a high level of identification must be carried out as a result.
  • adaptive algorithms must ensure that the system constantly adapts to changing conditions and signs of wear. This in turn requires an extraordinarily high mathematical and computational effort, which is hardly justified in any case.
  • the control of the tunnel furnace should take place depending on the thrust speed of the material to be fired and its nature, so that an optimal adaptation can always be achieved.
  • the method for adapting a tunnel kiln in the ceramic industry to different capacities is characterized in that two or more sets of setpoints for the tunnel kiln are determined empirically for different kiln capacities that are as far apart as possible and are stored in a process computer that the for all other capacities of the tunnel kiln are stored in the process computer valid setpoints are determined by regression and that The material flows can be controlled via the controller of the tunnel furnace depending on the required output.
  • control the material flows in the heating and / or cooling zone of the tunnel oven by setting the temperature profile at one or more points and to record the temperature profile in the heating and / or cooling zone of the tunnel oven using optical pyrometers.
  • the change in temperature of the setpoints depending on the thrust speed of the material to be burned should also be applied to all individual firing curves.
  • the stocking weight of the firing material in the parameters for the individual treatment of individual batches and to evaluate them in such a way that a control function is superimposed on the air volume control loops in the heating zone and / or the cooling zone of the tunnel oven, by means of which one can be determined empirically Characteristic curve, the air volume flows can be set depending on the material flow of the firing material which can be determined from the pushing speed and the weight of the stock. It is also advisable to guide the individual kiln cars transporting the firing material through the tunnel kiln according to an individual firing curve that accompanies them.
  • the computer-guided tunnel kiln for the application of this method is characterized in that information about the required firing curve is fed to the process computer for each fired item introduced into the tunnel kiln, that the process computer receives a program for tracking the individual batches, and that the process computer about the controllers the target values of the tunnel kiln Set the temperature for the individual positions according to the firing curve that applies to the firing material in the respective position.
  • the temperature change in the target values should g by means of the process computer in dependence on the Schubgeschwindi ness of the combustible material in magnitude to all individual firing curves are transmitted.
  • the stocking weight of the material to be fired should be included in the parameters for the individual treatment of individual batches and evaluated in the process computer in such a way that a control function is superimposed on the air volume control loops in the heating zone and / or the cooling zone of the tunnel kiln, by means of which empirically Ascertainable characteristic curve, the air volume flows can be set as a function of the material flow of the firing material which can be determined from the pushing speed and the stocking weight.
  • the method according to the invention for adapting a tunnel furnace in the ceramic industry to different outputs and firing curves, as well as the computer-guided tunnel furnace for using this method thus make it possible to achieve extensive adaptation of the tunnel furnace to different operating states with relatively little effort in identification and computing.
  • the two variables thrust speed and material type intervene differently in the control.
  • the pushing speed of the fired material affects both the heating and cooling zone and the fire zone of the tunnel kiln. These three areas are different in terms of control technology.
  • the heating and cooling zone are in principle countercurrent heat exchangers. The air flow gives off energy to the stock in the heating zone and is heated by it in the cooling zone.
  • the local temperatures in the heating and cooling zone change with the throughput with the same air / brick ratio and the same temperature profile on the firing material. This means that the temperature setpoints for the individual furnace zones change depending on the throughput according to an unknown and theoretically difficult to grasp function.
  • the method according to the invention is now based on an empirical identification, which in the simplest case can consist in experimentally setting the furnace to optimal setpoints at very low power and doing the same at very high power. These setpoints are entered into the process computer and this interpolates linearly for all furnace outputs in between. Depending on the desired effectiveness, the method can be operated with two or any number of setpoint value sets . Non - linear regression is possible from three sets, the accuracy of which increases with the number of reference points.
  • the invention further consists in that the process computer for each kiln car or for each batch is informed before entering the tunnel kiln by entering correspondingly coded information with which firing curve and with which reduction atmosphere the firing material is to be treated.
  • the computer is able to determine at which position of the furnace which firing material is located by recording the firing stock flow.
  • the firing curves also stored in the process computer can also be used to determine which temperature setpoint is required for a specific furnace position in the preselected firing curve. This setpoint is given to the temperature controller integrated in the process computer and this sets the required temperature by comparison with the prevailing actual temperature. In principle, this means that the firing curve can be adapted to the conditions required by the material without any human effort, up to the extreme case that each kiln car is treated with a different firing curve, which runs through the furnace with it to a certain extent.
  • waiting times can be entered until the corresponding setpoints are actually reached or at least within a predetermined tolerance.
  • both changes in performance and the type of material are required, so that both adaptation methods must interact.
  • the change in output for different types of material can be detected by at least approximately assuming that the temperature drop is the same for different products when the service life is extended.
  • the determined temperature reduction depending on the thrust speed can be applied to all entered firing curves. This applies equally well to the changes in the setpoints in the heating and cooling areas. A multi-dimensional adjustment does not seem justified in view of the considerable increase in identification effort and the relatively low benefit for the quality of the product.
  • an upper firing curve 11 for a high power and a lower firing curve 12 for a low power are recorded over the path length S of a tunnel furnace 1 having a heating zone a, a firing zone b and a cooling zone c, which thus include an interpolation area 13.
  • arrows 2 and 3 indicate the material to be fired and the temperature.
  • the arrows 4, 5, 6 and 7 represent material flows, namely the arrow 4 the flue gas, the arrows 5 the fuel addition, the arrow 6 the lintel cooling and the arrow 7 the suction.
  • the values The upper and lower firing curves 11 and 12 have been empirically determined by setting the tunnel kiln 1 to optimal setpoints at high and low power. The target values determined by such an empirical identification are entered in a process computer 25.
  • the measured values 22 of individual measuring points 21 are fed to a controller 23 which is connected to the process computer 25 or is contained therein.
  • the firing curves stored in it can thus be used to determine which temperature setpoint is required for the given firing curve. This setpoint is set by comparison with the prevailing temperature using an integrated temperature selector 24.
  • the process computer 25 is able to determine at which point in the tunnel kiln 1 which firing material is located. Before entering the tunnel kiln 1, this was communicated to each tunnel kiln car by entering correspondingly coded information. It is therefore possible to run the firing curve selected for its stock through the tunnel kiln with a tunnel kiln car.
  • FIG. 3 This is shown in FIG. 3 for the combustion zone b of the tunnel kiln 1.
  • the target profile of a running firing curve, designated 34 is provided, while the stocking of the tunnel kiln cars 32 and 33, in contrast, is to be subjected to a temperature profile in the firing zone b which is characterized by the 35 or 36 designated target profiles is marked.
  • a temperature according to the firing curve 34 is thus set with the aid of the process computer 25 over the whole of the firing zone b, the stocking of the tunnel kiln cars 32 and 33, on the other hand, is subjected to a temperature, the course of which is determined by the firing curves 35 and 36 is specified. This results in an actual profile of a firing curve, which is denoted by 35, composed of the individual values in the firing zone b.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
EP85109570A 1984-10-19 1985-07-30 Procédé d'adaptation d'un four tunnel pour des performances variables ainsi qu'un four tunnel manie par un calculateur Withdrawn EP0178401A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19843438347 DE3438347A1 (de) 1984-10-19 1984-10-19 Verfahren zur anpassung eines tunnelofens an unterschiedliche leistungen sowie rechnergefuehrter tunnelofen
DE3438347 1984-10-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0178401A2 true EP0178401A2 (fr) 1986-04-23
EP0178401A3 EP0178401A3 (fr) 1989-04-26

Family

ID=6248303

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85109570A Withdrawn EP0178401A3 (fr) 1984-10-19 1985-07-30 Procédé d'adaptation d'un four tunnel pour des performances variables ainsi qu'un four tunnel manie par un calculateur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0178401A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE3438347A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106959008A (zh) * 2017-05-04 2017-07-18 江西爱瑞达电瓷电气有限公司 一种隧道窑控制系统
US11796252B2 (en) 2018-08-22 2023-10-24 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Continuous heating furnace and operating method thereof
CN120296998A (zh) * 2025-06-11 2025-07-11 北京筑之杰建筑工程检测有限责任公司 保温材料燃烧性能预测方法、系统、设备及存储介质

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3916181A1 (de) * 1989-05-18 1990-11-22 Mahler Dienstleistung Durchlaufofen zum waermebehandeln von werkstuecken
DE4137148A1 (de) * 1991-11-12 1993-05-13 Transtec Verfahren zur steuerung eines tunnelofens
RU2337293C1 (ru) * 2007-11-26 2008-10-27 ООО "Исследовательско-технологический центр "Аусферр" Способ управления нагревом металла в печах прокатных станов
BE1025459B1 (nl) * 2017-08-08 2019-03-11 Db Solutions Bvba Temperatuursturing voor een bakproces van keramische materialen
EP3663688A1 (fr) 2018-12-06 2020-06-10 DB Solutions bvba Four tunnel pour un processus de cuisson pour matériaux céramiques

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1463821A (fr) * 1965-04-21 1966-07-22 Chichibu Cement Kk Procédé de contrôle de fours
DE1771688B1 (de) * 1968-06-26 1972-02-03 Koppers Gmbh Heinrich Verfahren zur Regelung der Beheizung von Verkokungsoefen
US3868094A (en) * 1973-06-15 1975-02-25 Bloom Eng Co Inc Furnace control systems
DE2602070A1 (de) * 1976-01-21 1977-08-04 Hartmann & Braun Ag Verfahren zur regelung eines tunnelofens
US4176554A (en) * 1977-11-09 1979-12-04 Kazmierowicz Casimir W Method and apparatus for obtaining the temperature profile of a kiln
JPS572843A (en) * 1980-06-04 1982-01-08 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Control method for heating in continuous type heating furnace
US4394121A (en) * 1980-11-08 1983-07-19 Yoshinori Wakamiya Method of controlling continuous reheating furnace
US4461616A (en) * 1983-02-25 1984-07-24 The Edward Orton Jr., Ceramic Foundation Ceramic heat treatment regulating apparatus and method

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106959008A (zh) * 2017-05-04 2017-07-18 江西爱瑞达电瓷电气有限公司 一种隧道窑控制系统
US11796252B2 (en) 2018-08-22 2023-10-24 Ngk Insulators, Ltd. Continuous heating furnace and operating method thereof
CN120296998A (zh) * 2025-06-11 2025-07-11 北京筑之杰建筑工程检测有限责任公司 保温材料燃烧性能预测方法、系统、设备及存储介质

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Publication number Publication date
DE3438347A1 (de) 1986-04-24
EP0178401A3 (fr) 1989-04-26

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