EP0180848A2 - Concentrés d'agents améliorant l'indice de viscosité pour la préparation d'huiles à fonction multiple - Google Patents

Concentrés d'agents améliorant l'indice de viscosité pour la préparation d'huiles à fonction multiple Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0180848A2
EP0180848A2 EP85113422A EP85113422A EP0180848A2 EP 0180848 A2 EP0180848 A2 EP 0180848A2 EP 85113422 A EP85113422 A EP 85113422A EP 85113422 A EP85113422 A EP 85113422A EP 0180848 A2 EP0180848 A2 EP 0180848A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
concentrates
improvers
improver
molecular weight
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Application number
EP85113422A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0180848A3 (fr
Inventor
Hans-Henning Dr. Vogel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BASF SE
Original Assignee
BASF SE
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BASF SE filed Critical BASF SE
Publication of EP0180848A2 publication Critical patent/EP0180848A2/fr
Publication of EP0180848A3 publication Critical patent/EP0180848A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M163/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution and a non-macromolecular compound, each of these compounds being essential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M143/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation
    • C10M143/06—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation containing butene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M143/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation
    • C10M143/12—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a macromolecular hydrocarbon or such hydrocarbon modified by oxidation containing conjugated diene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C10M159/02—Natural products
    • C10M159/04—Petroleum fractions, e.g. tars, solvents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/06—Well-defined aromatic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/026—Butene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/06—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing conjugated dienes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2209/00—Organic macromolecular compounds containing oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2209/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C10M2209/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds containing monomers having an unsaturated radical bound to a carboxyl radical, e.g. acrylate type
    • C10M2209/084—Acrylate; Methacrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2227/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing atoms of elements not provided for in groups C10M2203/00, C10M2207/00, C10M2211/00, C10M2215/00, C10M2219/00 or C10M2223/00 as ingredients in lubricant compositions

Definitions

  • the invention further relates to multigrade oils which have been produced using these VI improver concentrates.
  • VI improvers are known to serve as additives for the production of multigrade oils and essentially have the task of counteracting the lowering of the viscosity of the pure base oil as the temperature increases, but only slightly increasing the viscosity of the base oil at low temperatures.
  • the VI improvers ensure a certain level of viscosity over the entire working temperature range of the moving parts to be lubricated and are therefore of particular importance as additives in lubricating oils for internal combustion engines.
  • Lubricating oils that contain VI improvers are therefore referred to as multi-grade oils.
  • the VI improvers are polymers of certain medium molecular weight ranges (MW ranges), including above all polyisobutene (MW> 5000), ethylene / propylene copolymers (MW 50,000 - 300,000), hydrogenated butadiene / Styrene copolymers (MW 30,000 - 500,000), hydrogenated isoprene / styrene copolymers (MG 30,000 - 300,000) and polymethacrylic acid alkyl esters (MG 20,000 - 100,000).
  • MW ranges medium molecular weight ranges
  • Characteristic of the VI improvers is their effect on the viscosity behavior in a lubricating oil at 40 ° C and 100 ° C, the corresponding viscosity parameters V 40 and V 100 being determined according to DIN 51 562.
  • the object of the invention was therefore to provide such VI improver concentrates which contain at least 2% by weight of the VI improver and whose kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. (V 40 ) is not greater than 25,000 mm 2 / s.
  • Mixtures of araliphatic hydrocarbons whose boiling range is between 320 and 420 are preferred.
  • the kinematic intrinsic viscosity of these mixtures is low and is approximately 15-30 mm / s at 40 ° C. (V 40 ), so that they do not present any processing difficulties. They are also unproblematic in terms of safety, since their flash point is above 180 ° C.
  • Mixtures whose pour point is below -30 ° C. are preferably used, but this condition is usually met in any case.
  • the araliphatic hydrocarbons according to the definition are known and can be obtained industrially in a known manner by alkylation of aromatics, including above all benzene and alkylbenzenes.
  • the high-boiling mixtures of such araliphatic hydrocarbons are also by-products, e.g. in the production of detergents based on alkylbenzenes, and are referred to there as "heavy alkylates".
  • the heavy alkylates are yellow-brown to brown-black liquids and can easily be used in this form for the preparation of the VI improver concentrates according to the invention. If desired, they can also be lightened in a known manner, e.g. by treatment with adsorbents such as bleaching earth.
  • the components of these heavy alkylates are generally araliphatic hydrocarbons with about 25-40 carbon atoms, which contain at least one mono- or polyalkylated benzene ring.
  • araliphatic hydrocarbons with about 25-40 carbon atoms, which contain at least one mono- or polyalkylated benzene ring.
  • di- or polyfunctional aliphatic hydrocarbons e.g. double or multiple chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons, so you get the particularly preferred araliphatic hydrocarbons with two or more benzene rings in the molecule.
  • Technical mixtures with these preferred components correspond to certain fractions of the heavy alkylates.
  • up to 90% by weight of the heavy alkylates can be replaced by saturated oxygen-containing aliphatic solvents or mixtures of such solvents which, on their own, are only suitable to a limited extent as solvents for the VI improvers.
  • the ratio of C to 0 atoms is preferably 5: 1 to 20: 1, it being possible for the oxygen to be in the form of alcoholic hydroxyl groups and of ether, ester and acetal groups.
  • Mixtures of such compounds are obtained primarily as residues in the hydroformylation of olefins in that the primary aldehydes and alcohols react further to form aldolization products, esters, ethers and acetals. If unsaturated compounds are formed, the hydrogenation of these mixtures is recommended because the presence of unsaturated compounds in the lubricating oils can lead to a reduction in quality.
  • Suitable solvents (b) are, for example, C 12 -C 24 -alkanols and their esters with mono- or polybasic carboxylic acids.
  • the concentrates according to the invention should contain at least 50% by weight of solvent (a) in addition to hydroformylation residues (b) and at least 20% by weight of solvent (a) in addition to the alkanols mentioned and their esters.
  • the solvents or solvent mixtures according to the definition have an excellent dissolving power for all VI improvers that have been used to date, without their presence in the multigrade oils having a disadvantageous effect.
  • V 40 kinematic viscosity
  • the concentrates according to the invention are suitable in accordance with their concentration for improving the viscosity index of base oils, including in particular those based on mineral oil (solvent refinates), such as are primarily used for the lubrication of internal combustion engines and their gearboxes.
  • base oils including in particular those based on mineral oil (solvent refinates), such as are primarily used for the lubrication of internal combustion engines and their gearboxes.
  • the concentration of the VI improvers in these oils is generally between 0.5 and 5% by weight.
  • the solvents (a) and (b) to be used according to the invention are accordingly present in the finished multigrade oils in concentrations of 5-10% by weight. These and even considerably higher solvent concentrations - up to about 20% by weight - have not impaired the quality of the multigrade oils according to the previous observations. There are also no problems with the compatibility with other additives, for example corrosion inhibitors, antioxidants and wear protection additives.
  • the concentrates were prepared as usual at 40 ° C., the concentration being adjusted so that the kinematic viscosity of the concentrate at 40 ° C. (V 40 ) was approximately 20,000 mm 2 / s.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
EP85113422A 1984-11-03 1985-10-23 Concentrés d'agents améliorant l'indice de viscosité pour la préparation d'huiles à fonction multiple Withdrawn EP0180848A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3440196 1984-11-03
DE19843440196 DE3440196A1 (de) 1984-11-03 1984-11-03 Konzentrate von viskositaetsindex-verbesserern fuer die herstellung von mehrbereichsoelen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0180848A2 true EP0180848A2 (fr) 1986-05-14
EP0180848A3 EP0180848A3 (fr) 1987-09-09

Family

ID=6249420

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85113422A Withdrawn EP0180848A3 (fr) 1984-11-03 1985-10-23 Concentrés d'agents améliorant l'indice de viscosité pour la préparation d'huiles à fonction multiple

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0180848A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE3440196A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0262977A3 (fr) * 1986-10-03 1988-10-12 World Oil Kabushiki Kaisha Composition lubrifiante liquide
US4800032A (en) * 1987-07-08 1989-01-24 The Lubrizol Corporation Aliphatic hydrocarbon substituted aromatic hydrocarbons to control black sludge in lubricants
RU2155777C2 (ru) * 1994-04-06 2000-09-10 Эксон Кемикэл Пейтентс Инк. ЭТИЛЕН-α-ОЛЕФИНОВЫЙ БЛОК СОПОЛИМЕРОВ И СПОСОБ ЕГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3994815A (en) * 1975-01-23 1976-11-30 The Lubrizol Corporation Additive concentrates and lubricating compositions containing these concentrates
US4082680A (en) * 1976-04-12 1978-04-04 Phillips Petroleum Company Gear oil compositions
US4077893A (en) * 1977-05-11 1978-03-07 Shell Oil Company Star-shaped dispersant viscosity index improver
FR2533582B1 (fr) * 1982-09-29 1987-03-20 Exxon Research Engineering Co Composition d'huile lubrifiante contenant un additif anti-frottement et son application pour diminuer les frottements dans un moteur a combustion interne

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0262977A3 (fr) * 1986-10-03 1988-10-12 World Oil Kabushiki Kaisha Composition lubrifiante liquide
US4800032A (en) * 1987-07-08 1989-01-24 The Lubrizol Corporation Aliphatic hydrocarbon substituted aromatic hydrocarbons to control black sludge in lubricants
RU2155777C2 (ru) * 1994-04-06 2000-09-10 Эксон Кемикэл Пейтентс Инк. ЭТИЛЕН-α-ОЛЕФИНОВЫЙ БЛОК СОПОЛИМЕРОВ И СПОСОБ ЕГО ПОЛУЧЕНИЯ

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0180848A3 (fr) 1987-09-09
DE3440196A1 (de) 1986-05-07

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