EP0180930A2 - Kristallinisches Phthalocyanin-Oxytitanium und Photorezeptor für die Elektrophotographie - Google Patents

Kristallinisches Phthalocyanin-Oxytitanium und Photorezeptor für die Elektrophotographie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0180930A2
EP0180930A2 EP85113922A EP85113922A EP0180930A2 EP 0180930 A2 EP0180930 A2 EP 0180930A2 EP 85113922 A EP85113922 A EP 85113922A EP 85113922 A EP85113922 A EP 85113922A EP 0180930 A2 EP0180930 A2 EP 0180930A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oxytitanium phthalocyanine
photoreceptor
intensity
phthalocyanine
peaks
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP85113922A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0180930B1 (de
EP0180930A3 (en
Inventor
Tetsumi Suzuki
Tetsuo Murayama
Hitoshi B-411 Sakuradai Apartment Ono
Shigenori Otsuka
Mamoru 301 Shimura Building Nozomi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Kasei Corp
Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from JP59230982A external-priority patent/JPS61109056A/ja
Priority claimed from JP60012194A external-priority patent/JPS61171771A/ja
Application filed by Mitsubishi Kasei Corp, Mitsubishi Chemical Industries Ltd filed Critical Mitsubishi Kasei Corp
Publication of EP0180930A2 publication Critical patent/EP0180930A2/de
Publication of EP0180930A3 publication Critical patent/EP0180930A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0180930B1 publication Critical patent/EP0180930B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
    • G03G5/00—Recording-members for original recording by exposure, e.g. to light, to heat or to electrons; Manufacture thereof; Selection of materials therefor
    • G03G5/02—Charge-receiving layers
    • G03G5/04—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor
    • G03G5/06—Photoconductive layers; Charge-generation layers or charge-transporting layers; Additives therefor; Binders therefor characterised by the photoconductive material being organic
    • G03G5/0664—Dyes
    • G03G5/0696—Phthalocyanines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
    • C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
    • C09B67/0001—Post-treatment of organic pigments or dyes
    • C09B67/0014—Influencing the physical properties by treatment with a liquid, e.g. solvents
    • C09B67/0016—Influencing the physical properties by treatment with a liquid, e.g. solvents of phthalocyanines
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
    • C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
    • C09B67/0025—Crystal modifications; Special X-ray patterns
    • C09B67/0026—Crystal modifications; Special X-ray patterns of phthalocyanine pigments

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an oxytitanium phthalocyanine of a specific crystal form and a photoreceptor for use in electrophotography, the charge generation layer of which is incorporated with the same oxytitanium phthalocyanine compound.
  • Phthalocyanines and metal phthalocyanines show satisfactory photoconductivity and they have been used, for example, in the electrophotographic photoreceptors.
  • phthalocyanine dye has absorption peaks at the longer wavelength region of higher than 600 nm and the spectral sensitivity may be changed depending on the central metals or crystal forms thereof. Several of them show a high sensitivity at the wavelength region of the semiconductor laser, and research and development on the phthalocyanine dye have extensively been conducted.
  • the charge generation layer is prepared by exposing the vapor-deposition film of the oxytitanium phthalocyanine to a saturated vapor of tetrahydrofuran for 1 - 24 hours to cause the crystal transition.
  • the X-ray diffraction spectrum thereof indicates that peaks are present by few number and have broad width, and that intense diffraction peaks are shown at Bragg angles (28) of 7.5°, 12.6°, 13.0°, 25.4°, 26.2° and 28.6°.
  • the performance of the photoreceptor using oxytitanium phthalocyanine is thus changed depending on the preparation conditions, because the oxytitanium phthalocyanine has several crystal forms, depending on which the electrical properties are varied.
  • Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 show X-ray diffraction spectrum of the oxytitanium phthalocyanine having the specific crystal form in accordance with the invention, which is prepared in Preparation Examples 2 and 3, respectively.
  • the oxytitanium phthalocyanine according to this invention may be synthesized without difficulty, for example, from 1,2-dicyanobenzene (o-phthalodinitrile) and a titanium compound in accordance with the following reaction scheme (1) or (2): wherein Pc is a phthalocyanine residue.
  • 1,2-dicyanobenzene (phthalodinitrile) and titanium halide are heated to react in an inert solvent.
  • Titanium compound herein mentioned includes titanium tetrachloride, titanium trichloride, titanium tetrabromide and the like, titanium tetrachloride being preferred in view of the cost.
  • the dichlorotitanium phthalocyanine is collected by filtration, washed with the same solvent as in the reaction to remove impurities formed during the reaction and unreacted starting materials. Then, it is further washed with an inert solvent such as an alcohol, for example, methanol, ethanol and isopropanol and an ether, for example, tetrahydrofuran and l,4-dioxane to remove the solvent used in the reaction.
  • an inert solvent such as an alcohol, for example, methanol, ethanol and isopropanol
  • an ether for example, tetrahydrofuran and l,4-dioxane
  • the peaks are relatively broad, which indicates that disorder of crystal arrangement is resulted during the hydrolysis reaction of replacing chlorine atoms to oxygen atom.
  • the oxytitanium phthalocyanine is treated under heating with an organic solvent such as quinoline, a-chloronaphthalene, N-methylpyrrolidone and the like, preferably, with N-methylpyrrolidone.
  • polymers and copolymers of vinyl compounds such as styrene, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, acrylic acid ester, methacrylic acid ester and butadiene, polyvinyl acetal, polycarbonate, polyester, polysulfone, polyphenylene oxide, polyurethane, cellulose ester, cellulose ether, phenoxy resin, silicon resin and epoxy resin.
  • the carrier transport material is the polymeric compound
  • the binder polymer may be mixed for the improvement of flexibility or the like.
  • the binder polymer is mixed for providing the film forming property in an amount usually ranging from 50 to 3,000 parts by weight, preferably, from 70 to 1000 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the carrier transport material.
  • various additives may be incorporated into the charge transport layer for the improvement in the mechanical strength and the durability of the coated film. As such additives, there can be mentioned well-known plasticizer, various stabilizers, fluidifying agents, crosslinkers and the likes.
  • Figure 3 shows the absorption spectrum of form I cyrstal and Figure 4 shows the absorption spectrum of form II crystal.
  • Oxytitanium phthalocyanine was prepared in the same manner as in Preparation Example 1 except for continuing the reaction for three hours at a reaction temperature of 225°C.
  • Figure 7 shows the X-ray diffraction spectrum of the oxytitanium phthalocyanine thus prepared. Diffraction peaks are observed at Bragg angles of 7.0° and 7.6°. The intensity ratios of these peaks to that of the peak 26.3° were 10.9 % and 23.6 %, respectively.
  • the photoreceptor was then subjected to a repeating cycle of charging, dark decay for 0.4 sec and exposure of incandescent light at 400 lux for 2.0 second, and the characteristics of the photoreceptor after the repeating use were evaluated. After repeating cycles of 2,000 times, the surface potential was 95 % of the initial value and the residual potential was -9V.
  • a photoreceptor having a laminated type photosensitive layer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 excepting for using 70 parts of N-methyl-3-carbazole carbaldehyde diphenylhydrazone and 2 parts of p-nitrobenzoyloxybenzal malononitrile instead of 4-N,N-diethylbenzaldehyde diphenylhydrazone in the charge transport layer of Example 1 and adjusting the thickness of the charge transport layer to 13 ⁇ m.
  • the photoreceptor had the initial sensitivity of 0.65 lux.sec, the surface potential of -618 V, the dark decay of 10 V/sec and the residual potential of -18 V. Further, the surface potential under the condition of corona current at 50 uA was -963 V.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Photoreceptors In Electrophotography (AREA)
EP19850113922 1984-11-01 1985-10-31 Kristallinisches Phthalocyanin-Oxytitanium und Photorezeptor für die Elektrophotographie Expired EP0180930B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP59230982A JPS61109056A (ja) 1984-11-01 1984-11-01 積層型電子写真感光体
JP230982/84 1984-11-01
JP60012194A JPS61171771A (ja) 1985-01-25 1985-01-25 電子写真用感光体の製造方法
JP12194/85 1985-01-25

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0180930A2 true EP0180930A2 (de) 1986-05-14
EP0180930A3 EP0180930A3 (en) 1987-06-16
EP0180930B1 EP0180930B1 (de) 1990-03-21

Family

ID=26347764

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19850113922 Expired EP0180930B1 (de) 1984-11-01 1985-10-31 Kristallinisches Phthalocyanin-Oxytitanium und Photorezeptor für die Elektrophotographie

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0180930B1 (de)
CA (1) CA1253487A (de)
DE (2) DE180930T1 (de)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4701396A (en) * 1986-05-06 1987-10-20 Eastman Kodak Company Photoconductive phthalocyanine pigments, electrophotographic elements containing them and a method of use
US4728592A (en) * 1986-07-17 1988-03-01 Dainippon Ink And Chemicals, Inc. Electrophotoconductor with light-sensitive layer containing alpha-type titanyl phthalocyanine
US4777251A (en) * 1986-04-30 1988-10-11 Mitsubishi Kasei Corporation Process for preparing oxytitanium phthalocyanine
EP0337476A3 (en) * 1988-04-15 1990-06-27 Nec Corporation New phthalocyanine crystal, process for manufacture thereof and its use for electrophotographic photosensitive material
EP0314100A3 (en) * 1987-10-26 1990-07-25 Mita Industrial Co. Ltd. Alpha-type titanyl phthalocyanine composition, method for production thereof, and electrophotographic sensitive material using same
EP0405420A1 (de) * 1989-06-30 1991-01-02 Konica Corporation Elektrophotographischer Photorezeptor
EP0409737A1 (de) * 1989-07-21 1991-01-23 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Oxytitanium-Phthalocyanin, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und Verwendung dieses elektrophotoleitfähigen Elementes
EP0404131A3 (de) * 1989-06-23 1991-06-05 Konica Corporation Titanphthalocyanin
EP0433172A3 (de) * 1989-12-13 1991-07-10 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Elektrofotografisches lichtempfindliches Element
GB2246643A (en) * 1990-06-29 1992-02-05 Konishiroku Photo Ind Electrophotographic image forming process
EP0508772A1 (de) * 1991-04-11 1992-10-14 Xerox Corporation Herstellungsverfahren für Titanylphthalocyanine
EP0441276A3 (en) * 1990-02-05 1992-11-19 Konica Corporation Electrophotoreceptor
US5506708A (en) * 1987-02-13 1996-04-09 The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Substituted phthalocyanines
CN1037998C (zh) * 1989-11-13 1998-04-08 佳能公司 光敏元件和光电成象设备以及用其成象的方法
US6033816A (en) * 1997-11-14 2000-03-07 Lexmark International, Inc. Electrophotographic photoreceptors with charge generation by polymer blends
US6232466B1 (en) 1990-03-20 2001-05-15 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd Process for preparing titanyl phthalocyanine crystal by solvent treatment of amorphous or quasi-amorphous titanyl phthalocyanine

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3137703A (en) * 1960-12-23 1964-06-16 Union Carbide Corp Phthalocyanine chelates
US4444861A (en) * 1981-12-15 1984-04-24 Ashai Kasei Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Photo sensitive article for electrophotography containing charge transfer material

Cited By (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4777251A (en) * 1986-04-30 1988-10-11 Mitsubishi Kasei Corporation Process for preparing oxytitanium phthalocyanine
US4701396A (en) * 1986-05-06 1987-10-20 Eastman Kodak Company Photoconductive phthalocyanine pigments, electrophotographic elements containing them and a method of use
US4728592A (en) * 1986-07-17 1988-03-01 Dainippon Ink And Chemicals, Inc. Electrophotoconductor with light-sensitive layer containing alpha-type titanyl phthalocyanine
US5618929A (en) * 1987-02-13 1997-04-08 The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Brittanic Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Substituted phthalocyanines
US5506708A (en) * 1987-02-13 1996-04-09 The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Majesty's Government Of The United Kingdom Of Great Britain And Northern Ireland Substituted phthalocyanines
US5106536A (en) * 1987-10-26 1992-04-21 Mita Industrial Co., Ltd. α-type titanyl phthalocyanine composition, method for production thereof, and electrophotographic sensitive material using same
EP0314100A3 (en) * 1987-10-26 1990-07-25 Mita Industrial Co. Ltd. Alpha-type titanyl phthalocyanine composition, method for production thereof, and electrophotographic sensitive material using same
EP0337476A3 (en) * 1988-04-15 1990-06-27 Nec Corporation New phthalocyanine crystal, process for manufacture thereof and its use for electrophotographic photosensitive material
EP0404131A3 (de) * 1989-06-23 1991-06-05 Konica Corporation Titanphthalocyanin
EP0405420A1 (de) * 1989-06-30 1991-01-02 Konica Corporation Elektrophotographischer Photorezeptor
US5753395A (en) * 1989-06-30 1998-05-19 Konica Corporation Electrophotographic photoreceptor
US5132197A (en) * 1989-07-21 1992-07-21 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Oxytitanium phthalocyanine, process for producing same and electrophotosensitive member using same
EP0409737A1 (de) * 1989-07-21 1991-01-23 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Oxytitanium-Phthalocyanin, Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und Verwendung dieses elektrophotoleitfähigen Elementes
CN1037998C (zh) * 1989-11-13 1998-04-08 佳能公司 光敏元件和光电成象设备以及用其成象的方法
EP0433172A3 (de) * 1989-12-13 1991-07-10 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Elektrofotografisches lichtempfindliches Element
EP0441276A3 (en) * 1990-02-05 1992-11-19 Konica Corporation Electrophotoreceptor
US6232466B1 (en) 1990-03-20 2001-05-15 Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd Process for preparing titanyl phthalocyanine crystal by solvent treatment of amorphous or quasi-amorphous titanyl phthalocyanine
GB2246643A (en) * 1990-06-29 1992-02-05 Konishiroku Photo Ind Electrophotographic image forming process
GB2246643B (en) * 1990-06-29 1995-01-25 Konishiroku Photo Ind Electrophotographic image forming process
EP0508772A1 (de) * 1991-04-11 1992-10-14 Xerox Corporation Herstellungsverfahren für Titanylphthalocyanine
US5206359A (en) * 1991-04-11 1993-04-27 Xerox Corporation Processes for preparation of titanyl phthalocyanines type x
US6033816A (en) * 1997-11-14 2000-03-07 Lexmark International, Inc. Electrophotographic photoreceptors with charge generation by polymer blends

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0180930B1 (de) 1990-03-21
EP0180930A3 (en) 1987-06-16
CA1253487A (en) 1989-05-02
DE3576744D1 (de) 1990-04-26
DE180930T1 (de) 1988-06-30

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