EP0183734A1 - Dispositif pour mesurer une grandeur physique - Google Patents

Dispositif pour mesurer une grandeur physique

Info

Publication number
EP0183734A1
EP0183734A1 EP19850902428 EP85902428A EP0183734A1 EP 0183734 A1 EP0183734 A1 EP 0183734A1 EP 19850902428 EP19850902428 EP 19850902428 EP 85902428 A EP85902428 A EP 85902428A EP 0183734 A1 EP0183734 A1 EP 0183734A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor element
change
color
light
temperature
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19850902428
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Kurd G. GRÖNINGER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thalmond Anstalt
Original Assignee
Thalmond Anstalt
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CH254084A external-priority patent/CH667533A5/de
Priority claimed from CH254184A external-priority patent/CH666752A5/de
Application filed by Thalmond Anstalt filed Critical Thalmond Anstalt
Publication of EP0183734A1 publication Critical patent/EP0183734A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
    • G01K11/12—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in colour, translucency or reflectance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/268—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light using optical fibres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
    • G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
    • G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
    • G01N21/81—Indicating humidity

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for measuring a physical quantity according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • a device for measuring a physical quantity according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a device is e.g. known from "Laser and Optoelectronics", No. 3/1983, pages 226 to 234.
  • a temperature sensor is described which consists of an optical waveguide with atoms of rare earths doped therein, in particular neodymium and europium. The dopants can be excited to radiate luminescence by short-wave light, the intensity of which is temperature-dependent.
  • Optical fibers doped with europium and neodymium also show temperature-dependent attenuation.
  • two alternately pulsed LEDs are used, which emit at two different wavelengths.
  • the light is divided between the undoped reference fiber and the doped fiber sensor via a fiber coupler and measured with two detectors.
  • two LEDs of different wavelengths and forming the ratio you get a measurement that is independent of changes in the intensity of the LED.
  • An example is a 5% neodymium-doped optical waveguide with a length of 15 cm. With the aforementioned temperature sensors, measurements between 50 ° C and 250 ° C with a resolution of 0.1 ° C are possible.
  • the known measuring device has the major disadvantage that a complex technology is required to measure the physical quantity, here the temperature, and that the measuring range is limited to temperatures well above room temperature. In particular, measurements must either be carried out via luminescence or then two alternately pulsed LEDs with two different wavelengths are required in order to convert one to be able to carry out casual temperature measurement. Another major disadvantage is that the actual sensor is too long to be able to carry out measurements in places that are difficult to access and in a confined space. In addition, due to the measurement principle mentioned above, measurements of physical quantities other than temperature are not possible.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide, on the basis of a device for measuring a physical quantity of the aforementioned type, a simpler and more economical one, which is based on a measuring principle which is simultaneously suitable for many, very different physical quantities.
  • the invention has the enormous advantage that several physical quantities can now be recorded using the same measuring principle, which enables the various sensors to be integrated in a very small space.
  • This creates unprecedented possibilities for control problems, such as in the drying of bulk goods, for example animal feed, where only the detection of the relative humidity and the temperature on both the dried goods and the exhaust air results in optimal control of the drying system.
  • a fully automatic, computer-controlled process line can also require the measurement of the moisture, temperature and bulk density of the wet material entering the dryer, whereby the measured values must be recorded at the same location.
  • Another The measurement of the compressed air for the brakes of trucks represents a game. In order to achieve an optimal regulation of the compressed air, the simultaneous measurement of the relative humidity, the temperature and the pressure is absolutely necessary.
  • the invention has made it easy to measure these sizes even in the smallest of spaces and in hard-to-reach places. Further advantages of the invention result from the following description. There, the invention is explained in more detail using an example shown in the drawing. It shows:
  • Fig. 2 shows the absorption spectrum of CoCl 2 depending on the relative humidity.
  • the 1 shows a basic arrangement of a measuring device. It consists of a light source 1, a light-emitting diode, a sensor element 2 and a photo element 3.
  • the sensor element 2 is connected on one side to the light source 1 via an optical fiber 4, and on the other side to the photo element 3 via an optical fiber 4 ' , a photodiode or a phototransistor.
  • the light source 1 is mounted on a base 5, the photo element 3 on a base 5 ', and connected via a cable 6 to a voltage supply or a signal amplifier.
  • the light source 1 and the photo element 3 are coupled to the optical waveguides 4 and 4 'using a light-conducting paste 7.
  • the light source 1 should emit monochromatic light of 650 nm and the photo element 3 should be particularly sensitive to this spectral range.
  • moisture sensitive salts such as CoBr 2
  • the associated sensor element 2 preferably consists of a cylindrical body made of a water vapor permeable and hydrophobic plastic which contains one of the salts mentioned above in crystal form.
  • Another sensor element 2 consists of a cylindrical body made of a cellulose derivative such as cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate or cellulose acetate butyrate, in which one of the salts is dissolved.
  • certain dyes are also sensitive to moisture and suitable for the measuring device described.
  • the measuring method itself is based on the moisture-dependent color change of the salt.
  • this color change is a consequence of the ligand exchange on the Co 2+ ion.
  • the cobalt (II) ion is directly octahedral with the chloride.
  • the cobalt chloride with the H 2 O-coordinated complex primarily absorbs shorter wavelengths, the color lies in the red spectral range. In the dry state, light of longer wavelengths in particular is absorbed, so that the crystal assumes the complementary color blue.
  • the striking color transition is set, for example, at around 50 to 60% relative humidity.
  • the water vapor concentration in the salt is reduced by the strongly hygroscopic salts such as LiCl and M gCl 2 -.
  • the sensor element 2 can also be a film made of a water vapor-permeable and hydrophobic plastic such as propylene, or of a cellulose derivative such as paper, cellulose hydrate or cellophane, so that it can also be used at high temperatures (e.g. 200 ° C).
  • a water vapor-permeable and hydrophobic plastic such as propylene
  • a cellulose derivative such as paper, cellulose hydrate or cellophane
  • I light intensity after absorption
  • I o light intensity of the incident light
  • c concentration of the salt, here of chloride-coordinated cobalt
  • d thickness of the water vapor permeable body (film)
  • A constant of the material properties of the body permeable to water vapor
  • the constant A is also dependent on the wavelength of the incident light.
  • a logarithmic amplifier is now connected downstream of the photoelectric element 3. This amplifier is built into the base 5 'of the photodiode 3 (Fig. 1).
  • the light emitted by the light source 1 is pulse-modulated by means of a modulation circuit and converted into a DC voltage signal by a demodulation circuit after the photoelectric element 3. This ensures that the relative humidity is measured completely independently of the influence of stray light.
  • thermochromism and piezochromism
  • the dehydrodiathrone is excellent for the above measurement method to measure pressure or temperature.
  • Thermochromism has generally been found in aromatically substituted ethylenes.
  • the sensor element 2 itself consists of a heat-conducting or pressure-sensitive body in which the substances are contained.
  • thermochromic substances are known from j. Amer. chem.Soc. 76 (1954), pages 4134 to 4136. Label list

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Materials By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Testing Or Calibration Of Command Recording Devices (AREA)

Abstract

Nouveau dispositif de mesure composé d'une source de lumière (1), d'un élément capteur (2) et d'un photoélément (3). Des guides d'ondes lumineuses (4, 4') amènent la lumière à l'élément capteur (2) et l'en éloignent. L'élément capteur (2) contient des éléments qui changent de couleur en fonction de la grandeur physique. Grâce à ce changement de couleur, il est possible de mesurer la modification de la grandeur physique. Comme ce principe de mesure vaut pour des grandeurs physiques très différentes, on peut fabriquer sans difficulté des capteurs intégrés permettant de détecter simultanément des données de mesure dans l'espace le plus réduit.
EP19850902428 1984-05-24 1985-05-21 Dispositif pour mesurer une grandeur physique Withdrawn EP0183734A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH254084A CH667533A5 (de) 1984-05-24 1984-05-24 Vorrichtung zur messung einer physikalischen groesse.
CH2540/84 1984-05-24
CH254184A CH666752A5 (de) 1984-05-24 1984-05-24 Messgeraet zur bestimmung der relativen feuchte.
CH2541/84 1984-05-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0183734A1 true EP0183734A1 (fr) 1986-06-11

Family

ID=25690711

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19850902428 Withdrawn EP0183734A1 (fr) 1984-05-24 1985-05-21 Dispositif pour mesurer une grandeur physique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0183734A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1985005447A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI860632A7 (fi) * 1986-02-12 1987-11-18 Soundek Oy Kuituoptinen lämpötilahälytin.
AT390677B (de) * 1986-10-10 1990-06-11 Avl Verbrennungskraft Messtech Sensorelement zur bestimmung von stoffkonzentrationen
DE29607239U1 (de) * 1996-04-23 1996-06-05 J & M Analytische Mess- und Regeltechnik GmbH, 73431 Aalen Kapillarhalter
IT1319669B1 (it) * 2000-12-01 2003-10-23 Levosil S P A Indicatori di umidita' cartacei con supporto colorato.

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1295920A (fr) * 1970-01-27 1972-11-08
SE413555B (sv) * 1978-09-15 1980-06-02 Asea Ab Fiberoptiskt metdon
GB2052731B (en) * 1979-06-21 1983-10-19 Spirig Ernst Temperature responsive device
JPS6051655B2 (ja) * 1980-02-11 1985-11-15 株式会社東芝 圧力および温度測定装置
JPS56112636A (en) * 1980-02-12 1981-09-05 Toshiba Corp Optical humidity sensor
GB2082765B (en) * 1980-08-21 1984-04-18 Standard Telephones Cables Ltd Optical/pressure switch
GB2129128B (en) * 1982-10-28 1986-04-03 Atomic Energy Authority Uk Moisture detector
DE3241261A1 (de) * 1982-11-09 1984-05-10 Rolf 6100 Darmstadt Neusel Verfahren und anordnung zur feuchtemessung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8505447A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1985005447A1 (fr) 1985-12-05

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Inventor name: GROENINGER, KURD, G.