EP0183754A1 - Procede mecanique pilote de deformation laterale de la structure d'un catamaran. - Google Patents
Procede mecanique pilote de deformation laterale de la structure d'un catamaran.Info
- Publication number
- EP0183754A1 EP0183754A1 EP19850902566 EP85902566A EP0183754A1 EP 0183754 A1 EP0183754 A1 EP 0183754A1 EP 19850902566 EP19850902566 EP 19850902566 EP 85902566 A EP85902566 A EP 85902566A EP 0183754 A1 EP0183754 A1 EP 0183754A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- floats
- chassis
- mast
- rudder
- deformation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
- B63B1/14—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected resiliently or having means for actively varying hull shape or configuration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B43/00—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for
- B63B43/02—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking
- B63B43/04—Improving safety of vessels, e.g. damage control, not otherwise provided for reducing risk of capsizing or sinking by improving stability
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B15/00—Superstructures, deckhouses, wheelhouses or the like; Arrangements or adaptations of masts or spars, e.g. bowsprits
- B63B2015/0016—Masts characterized by mast configuration or construction
- B63B2015/005—Masts characterized by mast configuration or construction with means for varying mast position or orientation with respect to the hull
- B63B2015/0066—Inclinable masts with passive righting means, e.g. counterbalancing means
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a controlled or piloted mechanical process which allows transverse geometric pargruformation of the structure which connects the two floats of a sailing boat of catamaran type, to control at will dynamically and statically both simultaneously or separately, the angular transverse inclination of the mast, rudder, rigging and hatch supports, as well as the seat or trim of the floats on the water and / or the lateral inclination of the daggerboards or keels which are tied, at the option of the pilot or coxswain and regardless of the wind force, on the sail.
- connection structures between the flotation support elements or hulls either rigid, or mechanically or elastically deformable.
- the most widely used family in industry consists of practically non-deformable rigid connections, except for elastic displacements of very low amplitude under stress, -
- the second family less known there, consists of connections or components of this structure, deformable or orientable, piloted or not which make it possible to provide, in addition to rigid systems, a particular arrangement, either on the mast, on the fin or on the floats or foils, leading overall to more dynamic efficiency, more stability, more maneuverability, or possibly more ease of implementation during assembly and disassembly.
- said tapered float In a position of instability at the gite, that is to say in equilibrium on a single support, under the action of a strong wind, said tapered float has low penetration because it improves its lift by the dynamic pressure of l water on the outer flank of the support float, while said flat float sinks deeply of the same volume but on its flank of small section. In addition, the penetration on this edge considerably slows the boat by the contact of the swell with the support frame and the board members. Finally in this last configuration, the mast being linked to the non-deformable structure, there is a pette of propulsion by the angle of flight resulting from the wind on the wing when the boat tilts,
- the object of the invention is a process which makes it possible to combine the reciprocal advantages of the two techniques exposed by using preferentially flat floats, and / or with hulls and flat bottoms which easily plan out with the propulsion speed,
- This process makes it possible to control and control the plate or support on the water in all configurations as well as the daggerboards or keels.
- it optionally allows, in a gear reduction ratio linked to the geometric deformation of the structure, to control it in synchronism overall or by group of functions, the angular pivoting of the mast, of the rudder and rigging supports.
- a process in accordance with the invention allowing the implementation of the above-mentioned principle suitable for light boats or coastal navigation as well as for heavy cruising and competition catamarans, is characterized in that it comprises combination:
- a mechanical chassis composed of a rigid frame and transverse support arms articulated at their ends and bearing on said support bearings.
- At least one rudder and its attachment located between the hulls, articulated with the chassis, having a movement of rotation synchronous with that of the mast, in the transverse direction of the boat.
- FIG. 1 is an end view, forward side of the boat, shown transversely.
- FIG. 2 is an end rear side view of the boat, shown in the transverse direction.
- FIG. 3 and partially Figure 5 indicate the places and / or places and / or generatrices where should preferably apply the forces to control the geometric deformation of the structure, as well as the direction and / or direction of the driving forces .
- FIG. 4 is a rear view of the boat, at the heel resting on a float. This representation also indicates the equilibrium conditions.
- FIG. 5 is a front view of the boat in support bearing on two floats. This representation also indicates the possibility of lightening the mass by an effect of the "Kite" type as well as a preferential way of deforming the chassis transversely thanks to a torque arm controlled in vertical rotation by an effort due mainly to the mass of the conductor which communicates to the transverse support arms balancing of compression forces, and traction T1, which counteracts the overturning torque due to the wind on the sail.
- FIG. 6 is a front view of the boat combining the effects shown in Figures 4 and 5 that is to say against bed resting on a single float.
- - Figure 7 is a variant of Figure 6 where the mast, rudder and rigging supports are perpendicular to the upper plane of the chassis.
- the sub-assembly consisting of the rigid frame 13, forming the longitudinal upper plane of the boat and the four transverse support arms 12 constitutes the mechanical chassis connecting the floats.
- the mechanical connection of the chassis 12-13 and the support bearings 1 to the various articulations already designated constitutes the entire structure with variable geometry. - To ensure the pivoting of the root of the mast 14 in synchronization with the deformation of the chassis, the latter must pivot at two points.
- the upper articulation 15 is attached to the rigid frame 13 while that of the base is linked to the transverse support arms in their common junction medium 16,
- the rudder or rudder 17 and its attachment 18 located in the middle of the two floats is articulated according to the same functional principle as the mast root 14 at two points on the chassis, in order to pivot in synchronism with the deformation of the structure.
- the upper articulation 19 is attached to the frame 13 while that of the base 20 is linked to the transverse support arms in their common junction medium.
- the rigging support and / or hatch 21 has been arbitrarily shown integral with the articulated rudder mechanism, but it could be quite different, especially if the boat has several masts and therefore several sails. It therefore has the same articulations as the attachment of the rudder and allows whatever the angle of heel to keep constant the setting of the wing tension.
- this support has been fixed in the longitudinal axis at equal distance from the shells, but could just as easily be located on either side of this longitudinal median axis,
- FIG. 3 To describe the functional principle which makes it possible to carry out the controlled deformation of the structure, reference will be made to the drawings of FIG. 3. They indicate according to the orientation of the wind on port or starboard the possible locations of traction T or of compression C of the chassis to achieve this. According to the orientation of the wind symbolically designated by V D or V G , appearing its arrival on the right or the left of the boat, the modification of geometry is obtained by mechanically moving laterally the upper flat surface delimited by the points of articulations 4, 8, 19, 10, 6.15 with respect to the lower surface delimited by the points of articulation 5,9,20,11,7,16, For this it is necessary either separately or simultaneously, to push or pull mechanically, according to the case encountered, the facing points located diagonally.
- FIG. 4 shows the rear view of the catamaran, at the heel, resting on the leeward float,
- the conditions of static balance in this heel configuration are achieved when the torque of the engine force overturning due to the specific pressure of the wind in the sail, decomposed in a transverse plane, is counterbalanced by a resistant torque specific to the masses raised, compared to the hypothetical center of rotation, registered in the support plane of the float on the liquid element.
- the weight of the moving mass P A is that of the passenger (s) and / or the ballast, while P B is the static one specific to the boat.
- the ultimate weight of the composition of the two masses is P C.
- the force F D projected in the transverse plane of the direction of advance, applied to the center of thrust D, is the product of the surface of the sail by the pressure of the wind.
- FIG. 5 partially makes it possible to provide a mechanical variant to the principle of controlling the deformation of the structure in the transverse plane previously stated and schematically shown in FIG. 3.
- Its construction is based on a torque arm 24 linked to the chassis by supports 23 and fixed on the respective generators 6-10,7-11,4-8 and 5-9.
- This arm makes it possible to pilot at will by a vertical rotation due essentially to the mass of the driver, the deformation and consequently to control the organs which are linked to it by transmitting to the transverse support arms before and aft of the boat 12- 13, compression and tensile forces.
- This arm depending on the direction of wind direction is wedged on the right or left support of the chassis, and the resulting counter-effect is used to oppose the overturning torque due to the wind on the sail.
- the deformable structure shown in rear view of the boat is defined by the joints 8-9,10-11, the rudder support 18 and the rigging and / or hatch support 21 is shown articulated in two points 19 and 20 to the chassis in order on the one hand to keep the best penetration in water at the heel and at the rudder and for the rigging and / or hatch support the same settings wing tension on the other hand.
- the distance 19-20 is shown a little longer than the respective lengths 8-9 and 10-11, the members 18 and 21 during the deformation of the structure will have a smaller angular transverse movement than that of the support bearings 1 or floats 2.
- the support arms 12, the articulation 20 must have a degree of longitudinal freedom in the axis of the rudder.
- the deformable structure shown in front view of the boat is defined by the joints 4-5,6-7.
- the mast base 14 is articulated at two points 15 and 16 on the chassis in order to keep the maximum pressure on the sail at the heel.
- the distance 15-16 is shown a little larger than the respective lengths 4-5 and 6-7 the mast 14 during the controlled deformation of the structure will have a smaller angular transverse movement than that of the floats 2 or the support bearings 1 to which it is linked.
- support arms 12, articulation 16 must have a longitudinal degree of freedom in the axis of the mast, to absorb the difference in length.
- the pivoting of the mast and its footing will be greater or less than that of the floats, but always equivalent between the forward and aft of the catamaran, depending on the different lengths chosen between the joints, in order to be synchronous with that of the rudder and its support, and of the rigging support (s) and / or hatches, -
- the angled representation of the support arms makes it possible to increase the angle of heel of the boat by avoiding the contact of the floats which pivot under the structure.
- FIG. 7 one could equally consider that the attachment of the main functional organs such as the mast, the rudder and the sail are not pivotally linked to that of the structure, but fixed, rigid and normal to the upper chassis plane, as shown,
- the pivoting of the floats can only be controlled by the pilot and is not linked solely to the movement of the mast under the effect of the wind nor to a mechanical consequence resulting from a state of equilibrium arbitrary.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT85902566T ATE37831T1 (de) | 1984-05-30 | 1985-05-28 | Gesteuertes mechanisches verfahren fuer seitliche verformung einer katamaranstruktur. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8408590A FR2565193B1 (fr) | 1984-05-30 | 1984-05-30 | Procede mecanique pilote de deformation laterale de la structure d'un catamaran |
| FR8408590 | 1984-05-30 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0183754A1 true EP0183754A1 (fr) | 1986-06-11 |
| EP0183754B1 EP0183754B1 (fr) | 1988-10-12 |
Family
ID=9304586
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP19850902566 Expired EP0183754B1 (fr) | 1984-05-30 | 1985-05-28 | Procede mecanique pilote de deformation laterale de la structure d'un catamaran |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0183754B1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU4402885A (fr) |
| DE (1) | DE3565499D1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2565193B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1985005606A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1987001671A1 (fr) * | 1985-09-16 | 1987-03-26 | Bruce Arthur Wallach | Trimaran avec balancier reglable |
| DE4243752C2 (de) * | 1992-12-23 | 1995-03-30 | Hanno Wuerzburg | Wasserfahrzeug |
| FR2931395B1 (fr) * | 2008-05-21 | 2015-05-29 | Olivier Antenat | Dispositif de suspension d'un mobile |
| CN107972836A (zh) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-05-01 | 香港中文大学(深圳) | 一种可风力发电及动力调控的装置、无人帆船 |
| CN109783908B (zh) * | 2018-12-29 | 2023-07-28 | 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 | 水力式升船机承船厢纵向抗倾覆理论分析方法 |
| CN112937756B (zh) * | 2021-03-14 | 2022-06-21 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | 一种气垫支撑变构型艇体 |
| CN114996819B (zh) * | 2022-06-27 | 2024-02-23 | 西北大学 | 一种轻型浮力装置及其结构设计方法、加工工艺 |
| CN116039855B (zh) * | 2022-11-22 | 2023-10-13 | 上海船舶运输科学研究所有限公司 | 一种耐波形防船撞拦截单体及包括其的拦截系统 |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE611907C (de) * | 1933-12-06 | 1935-04-09 | Wilhelm Ottow | Doppelboot mit Schwingmast |
| GB1180318A (en) * | 1968-04-26 | 1970-02-04 | James Edward Keddie | Sailing Craft |
| US3929085A (en) * | 1973-09-17 | 1975-12-30 | Scott M Mason | Trimaran |
| US3841251A (en) * | 1973-09-17 | 1974-10-15 | R Larson | Sailboat |
| US3903827A (en) * | 1974-07-15 | 1975-09-09 | Paul M Marcil | Non-heeling hull assembly |
| US4392444A (en) * | 1980-01-10 | 1983-07-12 | Andersson Lars G | High stability trimaran |
-
1984
- 1984-05-30 FR FR8408590A patent/FR2565193B1/fr not_active Expired
-
1985
- 1985-05-28 WO PCT/FR1985/000133 patent/WO1985005606A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1985-05-28 EP EP19850902566 patent/EP0183754B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1985-05-28 DE DE8585902566T patent/DE3565499D1/de not_active Expired
- 1985-05-28 AU AU44028/85A patent/AU4402885A/en not_active Abandoned
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| See references of WO8505606A1 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE3565499D1 (en) | 1988-11-17 |
| FR2565193A1 (fr) | 1985-12-06 |
| EP0183754B1 (fr) | 1988-10-12 |
| FR2565193B1 (fr) | 1987-10-09 |
| AU4402885A (en) | 1985-12-31 |
| WO1985005606A1 (fr) | 1985-12-19 |
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