Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0039—Coated compositions or coated components in the compositions, (micro)capsules
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/395—Bleaching agents
  • C11D3/3956—Liquid compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/40—Dyes ; Pigments

Definitions

• the present invention relates to aqueous, coloured, bleaching compositions, particularly alkali metal hypochlorite compositions.
• bleaching compositions are meant aqueous compositions comprising an oxygen or chlorine bleaching agent, such as hydrogen peroxide, organic or inorganic persalts (with or without a bleach precursor), organic or inorganic peracids, and alkali metal hypochlorites.
• an oxygen or chlorine bleaching agent such as hydrogen peroxide, organic or inorganic persalts (with or without a bleach precursor), organic or inorganic peracids, and alkali metal hypochlorites.
• alkali metal hypochlorites have been known and used since ages unknown. Normally, they consist of an alkali metal hypochlorite, dissolved in water, and are used for general bleaching and disinfecting purposes. Such solutions are normally straw-coloured, and in order to make them more attractive and more distinguishable from other household products, attempts have been made to impart to them a more distinguishable, aesthetically attractive colour.
• thickened aqueous hypochlorite solutions have become known and marketed. These are aqueous solutions of an alkali metal hypochlorite which have been thickened by the inclusion therein of a mixture of two different detergent surfactants.
• the above problems accompanying colouring aqueous hypochlorite solutions also occur on colouring such thickened compositions, but the problem of storage stability arises even with such thickened compositions. Unless major changes are made in the thickening system, the pigment particles tend to settle out, and if major changes are made, this setding out can be reduced, but the thickening effect is significantly impaired.
• a floc.system in such thickened hypochlorite compositions to prevent the particulate colouring agent from settling out, such a floc system comprising, inter alia, a polymer latex.
• a polymer latex may provide an improved physical stability of the particulate colouring agent in the hypochlorite compositions, it does not provide coloured products which are chemically stable over longer periods.
• polymer particles contain a hydrophilic monomer as well, and in thickened liquid hypochlorite compositions they do not give a satisfactorily stable colour. Furthermore, these particles have an average particle size in the range of 0.1-2 micron or 0.5-2 micron, which is not suitable to produce compositions which are physically stable without the need of a suspending agent.
• GB-A1-2100307 To include a hypochlorite solution stable, suspendable dye particle in a liquid bleaching and dyeing composition. These particles contain a dye which is resistant to attack by hypochlorous acid, which dye is incorporated in a hydrophobic latex. The dye is incorporated or "embedded” in a highly hydrophobic matrix, thus shielding it from actual contact with the hypochlorite.
• Dyes are discrete molecular units, whereas pigments are agglomerations of molecules into particles of microscopic rather'than molecular (5-50 Angstroms) dimensions.
• the dyes of the above proposal must be soluble in the organic/monomeric phase.
• low chromophore to polymer ratios are required to get a high proportion of the finished particles to be polymer to get some effective physical entrapment.
• pigments i.e. colourants which are insoluble in the organic and aqueous phase
• a protective coating in a single-stage process
• the present invention relates to coloured aqueous alkali metal hypochlorite compositions, comprising as colouring agent a colloidally stable, coated pigment which has been coated with a bleach-resistant polymer.
• these coated pigments are colloidally at least as stable, or in many cases more stable than the uncoated pigments.
• often less coated pigment particles than dyed latices are required to colour the aqueous hypochlorite solution to the same intensity.
• the pigments which can be used in the present invention can be of any type, as long as they are insoluble in the organic and aqueous phase and are of a relatively small average particle size (e.g. - 1000 A). They can include metallated and non-metallated synthetic pigments as well as organic and inorganic pigments.
• non-metallated pigments are used in bleaching compositions which are susceptible to decomposition by metal ion catalysis, but metallated pigments when used according to the present invention show already a significant improvement in this respect in comparison with the uncoated pigments, without any significant physical stability problem.
• a copper-containing halogenated phthalocyanine when used according to the present invention, causes substantially less decomposition of the bleaching composition than the same uncoated pigment, and less settling out of the pigment particles.
• a metal sequestering agent in the composition such as a periodate or other suitable metal-chelating agent which is stable in the bleaching composition in amounts of up to about 5% by weight of the coated pigment added, to reduce the decomposition even further.
• the coating material to be used in the present invention should be bleach-resistant. Any organic material can be used, as long as the pigment is not soluble therein. Preferably, organic materials are used in which the pigment is readily dispersible. Suitable materials are (co)polymers prepared from a hydrophobic monomer which is capable of undergoing emulsion polymerization.
• Typical examples are styrene, alkyl styrenes with one to four carbon atoms in the alkyl group, monohalogenated styrenes, acrylates, methacrylates, vinylesters, ethylene and vinylchloride.
• a particularly suitable material is polystyrene.
• the coating process is carried out in a manner known per ss, by introducing the pigment particles into an aqueous emulsion polymerization of styrene, using a common initiator such as potassium persulphate, azobis-(isobutyramidine hydrochloride) or 4,4'-azobis-(4-cyanovaleric acid). It has been found that higher concentrations of initiator than are usual for conventional emulsion polymerization favour the coating of the pigment particles.
• the concentration ratio of monomer to pigment should be such that there is sufficient monomer present to just coat all the particles to avoid the formation of un-coloured polymeric latices.
• concentration ratio of monomer to pigment should be such that there is sufficient monomer present to just coat all the particles to avoid the formation of un-coloured polymeric latices.
• styrene and Pigment Green 7 C.I. N° 74260
• the most effective styrene/pigment ratio was found to be 5:1.
• a suitable surfactant such as a nonionic or an anionic synthetic detergent, can be advantageously added.
• the coated pigments of the present invention are suitable for colouring aqueous bleaching compositions, both thickened and non-thickened ones.
• These compositions may contain other ingredients, which are governed by the purpose for which these compositions are used, such as heavy-duty liquid fabric-bleaching and -washing compositions, liquid fabric-softening compositions, hair-bleaching compositions, hygienic cleaning compositions, hard- surface-cleaning compositions, etc.
• they preferably contain one or more detergent-active compounds.
• Further ingredients commonly encountered in such products may be included in the compositions of the invention.
• the bleaching agent can comprise both oxygen and chlorine bleaching agents, as well as reducing bleaches.
• coated pigments of the present invention are particularly suitable for thickened aqueous alkali hypochlorite compositions such as described in GB-A-1329086, EP-A1-0030401, GB-A-1548379, GB-A-1466560, GB-A1-2003522, GB-A1-2041162, GB-A1-2076010 and GB-A1-2046321.
• the amount of coated pigments used in the bleach composition varies from 0.0005 to 10% by weight, preferably from 0.001 to 1 % by weight
• the bleaching composition was a current commercial thickened hypochlorite bleaching composition, Domestos, manufactured and sold by Lever Brothers Ltd. This product is a product according to GB Patent 1329086.
• Colanyl Green GG was dispersed in water (970 g) and heated to 82°C. The dispersion was purged with nitrogen for 15 minutes and styrene was added with vigorous stirring. 4,4'-azobis-(4-cyanovaleric acid) was slurried in the remaining water and added to the reactants. Polymerization was continued for 6 hours at 82°C. The latex was steam- stripped to remove any unconverted monomer and filtered through glass wool.
• the sodium dodecyl sulphate was dissolved in the water and the encapsulation effected as in Example 1.
• Arylan SNS is a naphthalene sulphonic acid formalde-hyde condensate obtained from Lankro.
• the Arylan SNS solution was mixed with the pigment and the encapsulation effected as in Example 1.
• the vinyl sulphone derivative of Remazol Brilliant Green was generated by treating the - sulphatoethyl-sulphone form of the dye with 2M aq. sodium hydroxide [e.g. see Robinson, C. et al., Proc. R. Soc. (A) 3 1 , 576, (1931)].
• the dye and surfactant were dissolved in the water, and concentrated hydrochloric acid was added until the pH of the aqueous phase was less than 1.
• the resulting precipitated pigment was coated as in Example 4.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Coloring (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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• 1984
  • 1984-12-11 GB GB848431256A patent/GB8431256D0/en active Pending
• 1985
  • 1985-12-03 EP EP85202011A patent/EP0184888A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
  • 1985-12-05 AU AU50799/85A patent/AU584952B2/en not_active Ceased
  • 1985-12-06 CA CA000497014A patent/CA1264504A/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1985-12-10 ES ES549786A patent/ES8608036A1/es not_active Expired
  • 1985-12-10 ZA ZA859430A patent/ZA859430B/xx unknown
  • 1985-12-10 BR BR8506183A patent/BR8506183A/pt unknown
  • 1985-12-10 GR GR852964A patent/GR852964B/el unknown
  • 1985-12-10 JP JP60277781A patent/JPS61141800A/ja active Pending

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