EP0189086A2 - Elément à incandescence - Google Patents

Elément à incandescence Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0189086A2
EP0189086A2 EP86100372A EP86100372A EP0189086A2 EP 0189086 A2 EP0189086 A2 EP 0189086A2 EP 86100372 A EP86100372 A EP 86100372A EP 86100372 A EP86100372 A EP 86100372A EP 0189086 A2 EP0189086 A2 EP 0189086A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
glow
resistors
resistor
conductor
element according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86100372A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0189086A3 (en
EP0189086B1 (fr
Inventor
Helmut Dipl.-Ing. Müller (FH)
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Beru Werk Albert Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Beru Werk Albert Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG, Beru Werk Albert Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG filed Critical BERU Ruprecht GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP0189086A2 publication Critical patent/EP0189086A2/fr
Publication of EP0189086A3 publication Critical patent/EP0189086A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0189086B1 publication Critical patent/EP0189086B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P19/00—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition
    • F02P19/02—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs
    • F02P19/025—Incandescent ignition, e.g. during starting of internal combustion engines; Combination of incandescent and spark ignition electric, e.g. layout of circuits of apparatus having glowing plugs with means for determining glow plug temperature or glow plug resistance
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23Q—IGNITION; EXTINGUISHING-DEVICES
    • F23Q7/00—Incandescent ignition; Igniters using electrically-produced heat, e.g. lighters for cigarettes; Electrically-heated glowing plugs
    • F23Q7/001—Glowing plugs for internal-combustion engines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a glow element according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such a glow element as a glow plug is known from DE-OS 28 02 625.
  • the resistor connected to the closed end of the glow tube is a heating resistor, while the second resistor has a pronounced positive temperature coefficient and regulates the heating of the heating resistor.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to design a glow element of the type mentioned at the outset in such a way that a part of the resistors present in the glow element can be connected in a simple manner.
  • a glow plug with its own heating and control coil can also be connected externally so that after a very short heating-up time, afterglow at a low heating element temperature is made possible, which improves the concentricity of a still cold diesel engine, and an exhaust gas reduction is possible.
  • the glow element according to the invention enables measured values to be taken directly from a Partial resistance, which can then be fed to a control device for evaluation.
  • self-regulation can be made possible by simple external wiring.
  • FIG. 2 shows a glow plug, which is denoted overall by 1, the heating or glow element according to FIG. 1, denoted overall by 2, is embodied.
  • This G lüh el em ent 2 the glow plug 1 is mounted in known manner with seal 4, insulating disc 5, the thrust washer 6 and round nut 7 in an executed in a manner known per body.
  • the glow element 2 contains two series-connected electrical resistors 10 and 11. The two resistors are embedded in a known manner in an insulating material 13 and surrounded by a metallic glow tube 30 which projects coaxially to the body 3 and is closed at its outer end . At this tip 14 of the glow tube, one of the resistors 11 is connected to the glow tube 30 in an electrically conductive manner.
  • the inner pole 9 is electrically insulated and inserted tightly into the glow tube 30 and is connected in an electrically conductive manner at 17 to the other resistor, 10.
  • a sealing ring 15 is preferably used between the glow tube and the inner pole.
  • One of the two resistors 10 and 11 has a positive temperature coefficient and thus acts as a variable resistor.
  • the resistor 11 connected to the closed tip 14 of the glow tube 30 is designed as a heating resistor and the resistor 10 remote from the tip connected to the inner pole is designed as the variable resistor.
  • the inner pole 9 is designed as a hollow cylinder, an electrical conductor 8 being guided through it.
  • the passage of the conductor 8 through the inner pole 9 must be electrically insulating.
  • This insulation can preferably be an insulating oxidation or an insulating tube 16, which at the same time seals the bushing against the penetration of moisture, or another electrically insulating layer.
  • the conductor 8 is guided centrally through the resistor 10, which is closer to the body 3, up to the connection point of the resistors 10 and 11, where the conductor 8 is electrically conductively connected to this connection point.
  • the resulting electrical circuit diagram of the glow element is shown in FIG. 7, where resistor 10 is shown as variable resistor R1 and the other resistor 11 as R2.
  • resistor 10 is shown as variable resistor R1 and the other resistor 11 as R2.
  • the conductor 8 is designed to have a very low resistance compared to the resistors 10 and 11.
  • the described design of the glow element 2 enables any external wiring of individual resistances of the glow element.
  • the possibility of the individual wiring of the resistors contained in the heating element results in a simplification of the external wiring as a whole in relation to the respective intended purpose.
  • Some examples of simple types of wiring are shown in FIGS. 8 to 13.
  • another resistor R3 with a positive temperature coefficient is used in parallel to the control resistor R1 outside the glow element.
  • This arrangement of a parallel PTC resistor R3 outside the glow plug 1 or glow element 2 brings about a clearer curtailment of the current flowing through the heating resistor R2 (11) and thus a shortening of the heating-up time.
  • the total resistance of the control resistor R1 (10) and the parallel PTC resistor R3. kept at a low level despite heating of the control resistor R1.
  • the PTC resistor R3 finally its switching temperature and its resistance value increases to a multiple of the control resistor R1, so that with regard to further curtailment, only the control resistor R1 (10) then acts.
  • the PTC resistor R3 located outside the glow plug could be accommodated as a temperature sensor in the cooling water, engine oil, exhaust gas or cylinder head and take over a temperature measurement task after the glow process.
  • Fig. 9 shows the possibility of a temperature measurement via the voltage drop across the heating resistor R2 (11) or control resistor R1 (11).
  • the voltage drop U1 or U2 at the control resistor R1 or at the heating resistor R2 is a measure of the temperature of the glow tube.
  • This variable can be used for glow monitoring, as a display or as a manipulated variable in a control loop.
  • the conductor 8 connected between the heating resistor 11 and the control resistor 10 and led out through the inner pole 9 further enables the construction of all possible bridge circuits, for example the one in FIG. 1, by providing a resistor R3 parallel to the control resistor R1 (10) and a resistor R4 parallel to the heating resistor R2 (11) Fig. 10 shown measuring bridge.
  • the external wiring of the measuring bridge is designed so that the bridge is balanced at the desired annealing temperature. The reversal of the current direction in the bridge then corresponds to the signal for reaching the desired glow tube temperature.
  • the heating resistor R2 (11) can be controlled via a switch S designed as a non-switch. If, for example, the desired temperature is reached at the tip of the glow tube 30, one or more heating resistors R2 'are switched on in stages, which then heat the entire glow heat the pipe to operating temperature.
  • the switch S can be operated mechanically, thermally (eg as a bimetal switch) or electrically (eg time-controlled).
  • a control resistor R1 can be connected upstream of these.
  • One of the heating resistors can also be replaced by a variable resistor.
  • the switching element can also be a simple switch in the parallel branch to the variable resistor R1 (10) constructed with the aid of the conductor 8.
  • FIG. 13 shows an example of the step-by-step connection of heating resistors R2, R1 by means of a temperature-dependent resistor R3 with a negative temperature coefficient and a temperature-dependent resistor R4 with a positive temperature coefficient.
  • the PTC resistor R4 after switching on (PTC resistor R4 and NTC resistor R3 still cold), the PTC resistor R4 has a small resistance value and the NTC resistor R3 has a large resistance value, which means that initially only the Heating resistor R2 in the glow tube tip acts until it has warmed up to the set temperature. Due to self-heating, the PTC resistor becomes high-resistance and the NTC resistor R3 becomes low-resistance, with the result that the second heating resistor R1 is continuously effective.
  • the second heating resistor R1 can be provided as a control resistor with a positive temperature coefficient.
  • the PTC resistor R4 and the NTC resistor R3 can in turn be housed as a thermal sensor in the cooling water, engine oil, exhaust gas or cylinder head.
  • the conductor 8 led through the inner pole 9 forms the one pole of a thermocouple T.
  • An external circuit can be used to switch from "heating" to "temperature measurement”. In this way, for example, the glow rod temperature can be monitored after the heating process and the heating energy can be switched on again if the temperature drops accordingly.
  • the temperature profile can be monitored during the heating process by means of corresponding clocking processes and the heating energy can thus be regulated from the outside.
  • FIG. 4 shows a further embodiment of a glow plug 1, in which the glow element 2 shown in FIG. 3 contains a series connection of three individual resistors 20, 21 and 22.
  • the conductor 8 led through the inner pole 9 taps off an individual resistor (for example the resistor 20 located in the glow tube tip) at 23 or 24.
  • the three individual resistors are preferably carried out so that at least one of them a positive raturkostoryenetz Canal T empe- and can therefore assume control or measuring tasks.
  • the glow element shown in FIG. 3 and the glow plug shown in FIG. 4 do not differ from those of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • variable resistor R3 in the glow tube tip, which is tapped off by the conductor 8. It is a glow element that requires a hot shaft of the glow plug, which is why the variable resistor can sit in the tip of the glow tube.
  • the resistance value of the variable resistor R3 (20) located in the glow tube tip and thus the temperature of the glow tube tip can be monitored or measured via the additional conductor 8. If a resistor with a positive temperature coefficient is used as the measuring resistor R3, this supports the self-regulation of the heating energy. If the G lührohrspitze external energy supplied. (eg flame energy), the measuring resistor R3 regulates the heating energy automatically, the external energy fails, so more electrical energy is readjusted. With a corresponding design, a further control resistor R1 can be completely replaced by the measuring resistor R3.
  • Fig. 6 shows a glow plug 1 having a as shown in FIGS. 6 glow element formed 2, wherein by the I nnenpol 9 is a two-wire conductor 8 and the two conductors 25, 26 are guided.
  • the resistors in the glow tube 30 are formed by three resistors 20, 21 and 22 connected in series.
  • One conductor 25 is connected to the connection point 24 of the resistors 20 and 21 and the second conductor 26 to the connection point 23 of the resistors 21 and 22, so that each of the three individual resistors can be individually connected outside the glow element or glow plug. This makes it possible, for example, to switch on three heating resistors in stages, to measure the temperature by tapping a temperature-dependent resistor or to carry out other switching operations.
  • FIG. 16 is a circuit diagram for such an embodiment of the glow element 2, with resistors R1 (22) and R2 (21) acting as variable resistors and R3 (20) acting as a heating resistor.
  • FIG. 17 shows a connection possibility of the glow element of FIG. 5 or, the glow plug of FIG. 6, in which the control resistors R1 and R2 are continuously effective.
  • two resistors R4 and R5 with a negative temperature coefficient are connected in series to the resistors of the glow element 2 outside the same.
  • the parallel resistors R6 and R7 also connected outside the heating element 2 via the conductors 25 and 26 have a positive temperature coefficient.
  • the resistances present outside these glow plugs are only present once.
  • the control resistors R1 and R2 are continuously effective in addition to the glow element R3. This enables the heating element to heat up quickly.
  • Resistor R2 regulates the temperature, for example of the glow tube 30 to the desired value for the starting process. For the subsequent afterglow, the glow tube temperature is lowered even further via R1.
  • the resistors R4 to R7 can again be accommodated as temperature sensors in the cooling water, engine oil, exhaust gas or cylinder head and take over the temperature measurement task after the annealing process.
  • R4 and R6 are connected to each other in a heat-conducting manner, but are also well-coupled to the cooling water, engine block or engine oil (e.g. housed in a temperature sensor housing).
  • R5 and R7 are thermally more closely linked to each other than to the engine temperature, so that the self-heating from R7 is quickly transferred to R5, but both are only delayed by the engine heat (e.g. together on a circuit board near the engine).
  • connection of the inner pole 9 and conductor 8 of the heating element 2 is not shown in detail. As shown in FIG. 18, this can be designed as a coaxial plug connection.
  • the inner conductor 27 of the connector is connected to the conductor 8 and the outside conductor 28 of the connector connected to the inner pole 9.
  • An electrically insulating layer, for example a glass melt 29, is provided between the inner conductor 27 and the outer conductor 28.
  • 24 can also be integrally formed on the inner pole 9 and the conductor 8.
  • 31 denotes an insulating tube that surrounds the conductor 8.
  • FIG. 19 shows a further embodiment of the connection of the conductor 8 to the resistors 10 and 11.
  • the beginning of the coil of the resistor 11 was first wound on the conductor 8 and then the coil end of the resistor 10.
  • Resistors 10 and 11 are firmly connected to conductor 8 by means of a reduction process in which insulating material 13 is compressed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Ignition Installations For Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
EP86100372A 1985-01-25 1986-01-13 Elément à incandescence Expired - Lifetime EP0189086B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3502525A DE3502525C2 (de) 1985-01-25 1985-01-25 Glühelement
DE3502525 1985-01-25

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0189086A2 true EP0189086A2 (fr) 1986-07-30
EP0189086A3 EP0189086A3 (en) 1987-02-04
EP0189086B1 EP0189086B1 (fr) 1990-09-12

Family

ID=6260793

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86100372A Expired - Lifetime EP0189086B1 (fr) 1985-01-25 1986-01-13 Elément à incandescence

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4733053A (fr)
EP (1) EP0189086B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS61173023A (fr)
DE (1) DE3502525C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES8701358A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0351883A3 (en) * 1988-07-22 1990-07-11 Beru Ruprecht Gmbh & Co. Kg Glow plug
EP0392180A1 (fr) * 1989-04-08 1990-10-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Bougie à incandescence

Families Citing this family (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3613748A1 (de) * 1986-04-23 1987-10-29 Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A Gluehelement
DE3631473A1 (de) * 1986-09-16 1988-03-24 Pischinger Franz Prof Dipl Ing Zuendvorrichtung fuer eine luftverdichtende brennkraftmaschine
JPS6446656U (fr) * 1987-09-16 1989-03-22
DE3822693A1 (de) * 1988-07-05 1990-01-11 Vacuumschmelze Gmbh Widerstandselement fuer gluehkerzen
DE3825013A1 (de) * 1988-07-22 1990-01-25 Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A Gluehkerze
DE8811380U1 (de) * 1988-09-08 1988-10-27 BERU Ruprecht GmbH & Co KG, 7140 Ludwigsburg Zündvorrichtung für einen Heizölbrenner
JP2745225B2 (ja) * 1989-02-15 1998-04-28 自動車機器株式会社 デイーゼルエンジン用グロープラグ
JPH0814376B2 (ja) * 1989-09-11 1996-02-14 自動車機器株式会社 自己温度制御型グロープラグ
DE4014356A1 (de) * 1990-05-04 1991-11-07 Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A Gluehkerze
DE4133338A1 (de) * 1991-10-08 1993-04-15 Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A Gluehkerze
US5251589A (en) * 1992-03-16 1993-10-12 Wellman Automotive Products, Inc. Hot tip glow plug and method for making
US6037568A (en) * 1996-01-18 2000-03-14 Jidosha Kiki Co., Ltd. Glow plug for diesel engine with ptc control element disposed in small-diameter sheath section and connected to the distal end thereof
DE19707764A1 (de) * 1996-02-29 1997-09-04 Beru Werk Ruprecht Gmbh Co A Selbstregelndes Heizelement
US5813383A (en) * 1996-09-04 1998-09-29 Cummings; Henry W. Variable displacement diesel engine
US5922232A (en) * 1997-02-26 1999-07-13 Beru Ag Self-regulating heating element
DE19810000A1 (de) * 1998-03-09 1999-09-16 Eberspaecher J Gmbh & Co Glühelement mit einem elektrischen Heizdraht zum Zünden eines Brennstoffes zu einer Flamme
DE19914619A1 (de) * 1999-03-31 2000-10-12 Beru Ag Verfahren zum abdichtenden Verschließen des anschlußseitigen Endbereichs des Glührohres einer Glühkerze und Glühkerzen mit verfahrensgemäßem Verschluß
HUP0202789A2 (en) * 1999-08-27 2003-01-28 Bosch Gmbh Robert Ceramic sheathed element glow plug
JP2002367760A (ja) * 2001-06-11 2002-12-20 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd ヒータ及びグロープラグ
JP2009536780A (ja) * 2006-05-09 2009-10-15 サン−ゴバン セラミックス アンド プラスティクス，インコーポレイティド セラミック発熱体
JP5964547B2 (ja) * 2011-01-25 2016-08-03 日本特殊陶業株式会社 グロープラグおよびその製造方法

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US2492755A (en) * 1945-03-19 1949-12-27 Stewart Warner Corp Igniter
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JPS51144433A (en) * 1975-06-06 1976-12-11 Kureha Chem Ind Co Ltd Coating process with vinylidene fluoride resin and its paint
DE2802625C3 (de) * 1978-01-21 1985-07-18 BERU Ruprecht GmbH & Co KG, 7140 Ludwigsburg Glühkerze
JPS5923576B2 (ja) * 1978-08-10 1984-06-02 ダイキン工業株式会社 加硫可能な組成物
DE2937884A1 (de) * 1979-09-19 1981-04-09 Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München Dieselmotor mit gluehkerze
US4351291A (en) * 1980-10-02 1982-09-28 Champion Spark Plug Company Glow plug
US4549071A (en) * 1981-04-30 1985-10-22 Jidosha Kiki Co., Ltd. Glow plug for use in diesel engine
JPS57204727A (en) * 1981-06-09 1982-12-15 Nippon Soken Inc Glow plug for diesel engine
JPS58210412A (ja) * 1982-05-31 1983-12-07 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd セラミツクグロ−プラグ
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DE3224587A1 (de) * 1982-07-01 1984-01-05 Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, 8000 München Schaltanordnung fuer gluehkerzen einer diesel-brennkraftmaschine
US4572119A (en) * 1983-04-28 1986-02-25 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Ignition timing sensor for diesel engine
JPS60219A (ja) * 1983-06-17 1985-01-05 Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd 自己制御型グロ−プラグ
DE3334038A1 (de) * 1983-09-21 1985-04-11 Webasto-Werk W. Baier GmbH & Co, 8035 Gauting Gluehkerze
DE3429262A1 (de) * 1984-08-08 1986-02-20 BERU Ruprecht GmbH & Co KG, 7140 Ludwigsburg Gluehzuender
DE8423614U1 (de) * 1984-08-08 1984-12-06 BERU Ruprecht GmbH & Co KG, 7140 Ludwigsburg Gluehzuender

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0351883A3 (en) * 1988-07-22 1990-07-11 Beru Ruprecht Gmbh & Co. Kg Glow plug
EP0392180A1 (fr) * 1989-04-08 1990-10-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Bougie à incandescence

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0189086A3 (en) 1987-02-04
US4733053A (en) 1988-03-22
DE3502525C2 (de) 1993-11-11
DE3502525A1 (de) 1986-07-31
JPS61173023A (ja) 1986-08-04
ES551237A0 (es) 1986-12-01
ES8701358A1 (es) 1986-12-01
EP0189086B1 (fr) 1990-09-12

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