EP0190124A1 - Piston pour moteurs a combustion interne - Google Patents

Piston pour moteurs a combustion interne

Info

Publication number
EP0190124A1
EP0190124A1 EP84903174A EP84903174A EP0190124A1 EP 0190124 A1 EP0190124 A1 EP 0190124A1 EP 84903174 A EP84903174 A EP 84903174A EP 84903174 A EP84903174 A EP 84903174A EP 0190124 A1 EP0190124 A1 EP 0190124A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
shaft
pressure
areas
pockets
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP84903174A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jürg BLUMER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0190124A1 publication Critical patent/EP0190124A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B79/00—Running-in of internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
    • F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
    • F16J1/08—Constructional features providing for lubrication
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F3/00—Pistons 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2203/00—Non-metallic inorganic materials
    • F05C2203/08—Ceramics; Oxides
    • F05C2203/0865—Oxide ceramics
    • F05C2203/0882—Carbon, e.g. graphite

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a piston for internal combustion engines, consisting of a piston head receiving the piston rings, two piston hubs receiving the piston pin and a piston shaft receiving the side pressures, connected to the head and hubs, and a method for producing the piston.
  • Piston clearances to limit the piston tipping noises are small and the sliding surfaces of the shaft are large in relation to the load.
  • the lateral force on the piston shaft changes its sign up to ten times during a work cycle.
  • the oil-displacing effect of the play movements increases the load-bearing capacity of the sliding surface considerably.
  • the surface pressure is low for plain bearing conditions. This results in a relatively low mean eccentricity of the piston in the cylinder and the frictional forces are almost exclusively viscous.
  • the side pressures that the piston skirt of internal combustion engines absorb are superposed from the main and secondary pressures.
  • the main pressures essentially result from the inclination of the connecting rod.
  • the direction of their resulting force changes only insignificantly, regardless of the sign, so that the corresponding pressure distribution on the pressure sides changes little.
  • the secondary pressures are caused by the locally uneven increase in combustion pressure in the combustion chamber, which exerts a torque on the piston.
  • the direction of their resulting forces changes greatly, so that the corresponding pressure distribution is poorly determined. Since the secondary pressures are smaller, their influence on the pressure distribution on the pressure sides is small.
  • these side pressures are absorbed by pressure-absorbing regions 12, 13, which are formed by a multiplicity of small depressions or pockets 6, the base surfaces of which extend at a constant distance from the envelope surface 5 of the shaft and by an elevation 7, the top side 8 of which of the envelope surface of the shaft and which extends like a mesh pattern over the pressure-absorbing regions 12, 13, such that the individual stitches 9 of the elevation 7 delimit each pocket 6 to the full extent and preferably run in the direction of the lines of constant pressures of the lubricating film, which are approximately medium Adjust the lateral force on the shaft in the lubrication gap so that the sum of the widths of the meshes 9 of the elevation 7, measured in the direction of the pressure gradient or pressure gradient of the lubrication film pressure distribution, is substantially greater than the sum of the widths of the meshes 9 measured along the lines of constant lubrication film pressures ,
  • the lubricant pressurized by the pressing force of the piston on the cylinder wall and by the sliding movement of the piston is throttled in the gaps between the top 8 of the elevation 7 and the cylinder wall 4. Since each pocket 6 is completely bordered by the meshes 9 of the elevation 7, the oil can only escape through these gaps. Since the gaseous resistance increases through the columns in reverse to the third power of the gap dimension, the gap dimension decreases or the eccentricity of the piston increases under lateral pressure to a much lesser extent than the lengths of the gland gaps and thus the area of the top side 8 of the Er remove the lift. The prerequisite for this is that the throttle gap surrounding the pockets is constant for each pocket.
  • the meshes 9 of the elevation 7 preferably run in the direction of the isobars or level lines of constant lubricating film pressures which are established in the lubricating gap.
  • the pressure distribution of the lubricating film and thus the course of the isobars mainly depends on the profile of the envelope surface of the shaft at operating temperature and on the elastic deformation behavior of the shaft. It can be determined experimentally using simple means.
  • the piston speed on the other hand, has a minor influence on the pressure distribution, although this has a considerable influence on the gap dimension.
  • the sliding properties of the piston during short-term lack of oil tend to be more favorable, since a much larger amount of oil remains in the pockets. There is no wear on the sliding surface. Dirt particles that get into the lubrication gap can easily settle in the pockets, so that they pose less danger to the sliding surface. Filling the pockets with combustion residues does not occur even after a long period of operation if the depth of the pockets is sufficient.
  • the piston is manufactured by placing the surface of the piston skirt on a middle one
  • Roughness depth of less than 0.008 mm is finely turned, so that a film 10 consisting of a meltable or abradable and non-conductive material is applied to the finely turned shaft surface at the areas of the upper side 8 of the elevation 7 provided
  • the substance is printed or sprayed on and that a layer of at least a thickness of the uncovered areas of the shaft surface. 0.03 mm is removed electrolytically.
  • sodium nitrate as the electrolyte is particularly suitable for the electrolytic removal process of the surface layer of the piston skirt, consisting of a eutectic or hypereutectic aluminum-silicon alloy.
  • the primary silicon crystals (not shown) remain slightly above the aluminum matrix in the pockets 6.
  • the minimum thickness of the layer to be removed of 0.03 mm ensures that all near-surface silicon crystals are detached so that they do not smoke up to the envelope surface of the shaft. Deep processing grooves on the top B of the elevation reduce the load-bearing capacity of the lubricating film. The mean roughness depth of the finished turned shaft surface should therefore not exceed 0.008 mm.
  • the film order 10 is melted away or rubbed off when the engine runs in. If the film contains graphite, the run-in of the piston rings is improved at the same time.
  • Fig. 1 is a plan view of one half of a developed
  • Fig. 2 is a plan view of a section of the piston skirt in about 10 times magnification.
  • Fig. 3 shows a vertical section parallel to the piston axis through a region of the wall of the shaft in a stronger
  • Fig. 4 shows a horizontal section parallel to the piston pin axis through a further area of the wall of the shaft in a large magnification. The surveys are shown somewhat exaggerated.
  • the pressure-receiving areas 12, 13 consist of two main pressure areas 12, which extend approximately over the entire length of the shaft and are opposite each other on both sides of the plane formed by the piston and piston pin axis, and by two secondary pressure areas 13, which are located opposite one another extend on the lower shaft area over the remaining shaft circumference.
  • the stitches 9 of the elevation 7 are drawn in one line in FIG. 1.
  • the number of pockets 6 is even greater, or the mesh size of the elevation 7 is to be made even narrower than that shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 due to the limited drawing size can be reduced.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)

Abstract

Un piston pour moteurs à combustion interne, comportant sur les surfaces de glissement et d'absorption des pressions latérales, un grand nombre d'alvéoles pour l'huile (6), chacun desquels est limité sur la totalité de sa periphérie par la maille (9) d'une partie en saillie (7), dont le côté supérieur (8) est couvert par la surface enveloppante (5) de l'arbre. Lors de la production, une pellicule (10) composée d'une substance qui peut se fondre ou s'enlever par abrasion est appliquée aux surfaces usinées avec une grande précision de l'arbre du piston dans les zones de la partie en saillie (7) et une couche est enlevée électrolytiquement des régions non couvertes.
EP84903174A 1984-08-13 1984-08-13 Piston pour moteurs a combustion interne Withdrawn EP0190124A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP1984/000249 WO1986001272A1 (fr) 1984-08-13 1984-08-13 Piston pour moteurs a combustion interne

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0190124A1 true EP0190124A1 (fr) 1986-08-13

Family

ID=8164962

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84903174A Withdrawn EP0190124A1 (fr) 1984-08-13 1984-08-13 Piston pour moteurs a combustion interne

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0190124A1 (fr)
IT (1) IT1200689B (fr)
WO (1) WO1986001272A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19627418C1 (de) * 1996-07-08 1997-12-18 Daimler Benz Ag Kolben/Büchsen-Einheit für einen Hubkolben-Verbrennungsmotor
EP1840419B1 (fr) * 2006-03-31 2013-05-15 Federal-Mogul Nürnberg GmbH Piston avec finissage de surface
DE102008035698A1 (de) * 2008-07-30 2010-02-04 Mahle International Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kolbens oder Kolbenteils

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH582307A5 (fr) * 1974-09-26 1976-11-30 Sulzer Ag
GB1504019A (en) * 1975-11-19 1978-03-15 Schmidt K Gmbh Piston for internal combustion engines
JPS58170840A (ja) * 1982-03-31 1983-10-07 Takeshi Amamiya 内燃機関のピストン構造

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8601272A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT1200689B (it) 1989-01-27
WO1986001272A1 (fr) 1986-02-27
IT8521713A0 (it) 1985-07-25

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