EP0191392B1 - Générateur de champ magnétique - Google Patents

Générateur de champ magnétique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0191392B1
EP0191392B1 EP86101356A EP86101356A EP0191392B1 EP 0191392 B1 EP0191392 B1 EP 0191392B1 EP 86101356 A EP86101356 A EP 86101356A EP 86101356 A EP86101356 A EP 86101356A EP 0191392 B1 EP0191392 B1 EP 0191392B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
useful volume
equipment according
shaped
magnetic field
field
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP86101356A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0191392A3 (en
EP0191392A2 (fr
Inventor
Günter Dr. Ries
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Publication of EP0191392A2 publication Critical patent/EP0191392A2/fr
Publication of EP0191392A3 publication Critical patent/EP0191392A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0191392B1 publication Critical patent/EP0191392B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F7/00—Magnets
    • H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
    • H01F7/20—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets without armatures
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21K—HANDLING OF PARTICLES OR IONISING RADIATION NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; IRRADIATION DEVICES; GAMMA RAY OR X-RAY MICROSCOPES
    • G21K1/00—Arrangements for handling particles or ionising radiation, e.g. focusing or moderating
    • G21K1/08—Deviation, concentration or focusing of the beam by electric or magnetic means
    • G21K1/093—Deviation, concentration or focusing of the beam by electric or magnetic means by magnetic means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
    • H05H7/00—Details of devices of the types covered by groups H05H9/00, H05H11/00, H05H13/00
    • H05H7/04—Magnet systems, e.g. undulators, wigglers; Energisation thereof

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for generating a magnetic field with a spatially predetermined Feidvenauf in a useful volume, which is provided with bodies made of ferromagnetic material influencing the course of the field.
  • a device for generating a magnetic field with a spatially predetermined Feidvenauf in a useful volume, which is provided with bodies made of ferromagnetic material influencing the course of the field.
  • Such a device is e.g. from DE-OS 25 26 845.
  • a number of field-distorting sources of interference can become important, so that the field error limits to be observed may then be exceeded.
  • the cause of undesired field lashings due to external field disturbances such as to think of the earth's field or magnetized objects.
  • eddy currents in metallic parts of the magnet itself or in the conductor can lead to corresponding disturbances.
  • Superconducting shielding currents in the filaments of a superconducting winding or the residual magnetization in an iron yoke also represent such sources of interference.
  • the fields of magnetizable, i.e. Para-, ferri- or ferromagnetic parts of a magnetic device can be the cause of field distortions.
  • current-fed compensation windings can be provided, which are often attached as a set of cylindrical multipole coils around the predetermined useful volume. These coils are fed by power supply units in such a way that the field error previously measured is compensated for during operation.
  • a sextupole correction coil in a superconducting deflection magnet from the publication "Proc. 1972 Applied Supercond. Conf.”, Annapolis (USA), pages 293 to 299.
  • a magnetic device for generating inhomogeneous magnetic fields is known from the DE-OS mentioned at the outset, as it is e.g. is to be used for magnetic ore separators.
  • This magnet device has superconducting magnet coils in order to produce the forces dependent on the product B grade B on the particles to be separated.
  • bodies made of ferromagnetic material are provided in the known device in zones with a higher field strength.
  • the object of the present invention is now to provide a magnetic field generating device of the type mentioned in the introduction, in which a spatially predetermined field profile with only small field errors can be ensured in a simple manner in a useful volume.
  • At least one thin plate-shaped body of predetermined geometric extension made of a material with high permeability is provided outside and on opposite sides of the useful volume, the surface facing the useful volume is shaped and arranged so that it is on a magnetic aquipotential surface of the magnetic field to be generated comes to rest in the usable volume.
  • the advantages associated with this configuration of the magnetic field generating device are to be seen in particular in that magnetic interference field fluxes within the plate-shaped bodies are compensated for and only the total flow penetrating the useful volume is predetermined by the magnetic field generating devices to be arranged outside the useful volume.
  • the expansion of the plate-shaped body is expediently chosen to be so large, depending on the spatial conditions, that interference fields can only reach into the usable volume from the edges in a strongly damped manner.
  • the influence of such interference fields on the magnetic field to be generated in the useful volume can advantageously be prevented, in particular when using superconducting magnets, by providing a planar, lattice-like or net-like structure of predetermined dimensions with wire or ribbon-shaped superconductors outside and on opposite sides of the useful volume , each structure being shaped and arranged so that it follows the field lines of the magnetic field to be generated in the useful volume, and wherein the superconductors are aligned perpendicular to the field lines and are connected at least in their ends to electrically conductive parts running in the direction of the field lines.
  • This network-like structure can then be used to prevent temporal changes in an interference field component perpendicular to the network level from penetrating into the useful volume by automatically inducing appropriate shielding currents in the wire or ribbon-shaped superconductors.
  • FIG. 1 shows a magnetic field generating device according to the invention.
  • Such a magnetic field generating device is indicated in FIG. 2 as part of an electron accelerator system.
  • Corresponding parts in the figures are provided with the same reference numerals.
  • a cross section through a magnetic field generating device is illustrated schematically, as it is e.g. can be provided for an electron storage ring.
  • the dipole magnet required for this is also curved due to the curved particle path and can in particular be bent in a semicircular shape (cf. e.g. the publication "IEEE Trans.Nuci.Sci.”). Because of the required high field strengths, its windings are preferably made with superconducting material.
  • the magnetic device should be able to generate a dipole magnetic field B of predetermined strength and with a predetermined course of its field lines in a useful volume V around the beam guidance axis A.
  • the device has a dipole winding 3 or 4, each with a main winding 3a and a secondary winding 3b or 4a and 4b, on both sides of the beam guide plane 2 containing the beam guide axis A and symmetrically to this plane.
  • These windings are used to generate the dipole field B, which is illustrated in the figure by its arrowed field lines labeled 5 and by a few equipotential lines 6a to 6e and 6'a to 6'e shown in broken lines.
  • a surface section is determined, which represents a magnetic equipotential surface of the desired field.
  • the equipotential surfaces 6d and 6d ' are selected.
  • Each of these surface sections is covered with a thin plate-shaped body 7 or 8 made of a material with a preferably high permeability.
  • These plate-shaped bodies 7 and 8 can be, for example, corresponding ferromagnetic sheets.
  • the relative permeability ⁇ r of these sheets should be at least 1500, preferably at least 2000. Ni-rich NiFe alloys such as permalloy alloys, for example, meet this condition.
  • the surface F or F 'of these sheets facing the useful volume V should therefore be shaped and arranged in such a way that it comes to rest on a magnetic equipotential surface of the magnetic field to be generated in the useful volume, for example on the surface 6d or 6'd .
  • the plates 7 and 8 should expediently be attached in the vicinity of the useful volume V. Their smallest distance e from the useful volume V is preferably smaller than the corresponding extension a of the useful volume in this direction.
  • the geometric extension of the surface sections to be covered with the metal sheets 7 and 8 is advantageously selected such that at least largely the field lines 5 of the field B penetrating the useful volume V pass through these surface sections.
  • the extent 1 of the sheets would have to be selected to be relatively large transverse to the beam guide axis A, i.e. e.g. correspond at least to the sum of the extent c of the useful volume V in this transverse direction and of the mean distance s between the sheets running through the beam guide axis A.
  • Such a size of the extent 1 is sometimes not practically possible due to the arrangement of the individual windings.
  • additional areal, lattice-like or net-like structures of predetermined dimensions can advantageously be provided with wire or ribbon-shaped superconductors can be provided on the open sides of the useful volume V.
  • Each of these net-like structures designated 10 and 11 in the figure, is shaped and arranged in such a way that it follows the field lines 5 of the magnetic field B to be generated in the useful volume V.
  • These structures 10 and 1 advantageously extend right up to the sheets 7 and 8 without, however, touching them.
  • the superconductors of these structures, denoted by 12 are arranged parallel to one another and run perpendicular to the field lines 5 of the magnetic field B.
  • the field shaping or shielding measures shown in FIG. 1 thus consist, viewed in cross-section, of a quadrilateral surrounding the useful cross-section, two opposite sides made of ferromagnetic sheets 7 and 8 and the other two sides each with a net-like structure 10 and 11, respectively Superconductors 12 be formed. All four sides are electrically isolated from each other. In order to avoid eddy currents in the ferromagnetic sheets 7 and 8, these can optionally be slotted or provided with other suitable measures. At the corners formed between a sheet and a net-like structure, the outline contours are perpendicular to one another. If a homogeneous field is required, the sheets and the structures form a rectangle with parallel sides.
  • the sides each form two segments of hyperbole groups orthogonal to one another.
  • they can also be approximated with good approximation by two flat ferromagnetic plates with an angle of inclination to one another and by two nets on circular segments.
  • Such a case is taken as a basis for the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1, with a negative field gradient was accepted.
  • the angle of inclination a of the sheets 7 and 8 with respect to the beam guidance plane 2 is approximately 3 ° .
  • the network-like structure 11 can also be provided with a lateral opening 15 in order to allow the synchrotron radiation emitted in the region of the curved particle path to emerge unhindered.
  • FIG. 2 an oblique view of a curved dipole deflection magnet of an electron accelerator system is shown schematically in a partially broken illustration.
  • This magnet has two large curved dipole windings 20 and 21, which are arranged parallel to one another on both sides of an electron beam tube 22 running along the beam guide axis A.
  • an additional gradient winding 23 along the curved inside of the magnet or the electron beam tube 22 there is an additional gradient winding 23. Since the conductors of these windings 20, 21 and 23 consist of superconducting material, the beam chamber 24, which accommodates these windings and is divided into two, for the purpose of leading out the synchronous radiation provided with a corresponding helium housing 25.
  • a ferromagnetic sheet 7 or 8 with the curvature of the tube 22 is arranged above and below the electron beam tube 22. Between the inner edges and the outer edges of these sheets there is a net-like structure 10 or 11 with superconducting wires 12. With these sheets 7 and 8 and the net-like structures 10 and 11, the cross-section of which is shown in FIG Interference fields are shielded by eddy current effects and the residual magnetization of the superconductor of the windings. The interference field shielding here follows the curved particle path over the entire magnet length and is only open at its ends.
  • the cross-sectional dimensions are, for example, 9 x 9 cm 2 .
  • the magnetic walls consist of, for example, 0.5 to 1 mm thick y-metal.
  • the net-like structures 10 and 11 each have at least three superconducting multifilament wires, which are connected every 10 cm by vertically running copper wires and at their ends by copper strips.
  • the UR time constant ⁇ of these structures can be much larger than the pulse rise time.
  • the field shaping or shielding measures according to the invention are particularly effective in small fields and high field change speeds.
  • the measures described are largely ineffective since the highly permeable material is saturated or the shielding currents induced in the wires become small.
  • the main windings of the magnetic device alone take over the field formation in a known manner.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)
  • Particle Accelerators (AREA)

Claims (11)

1. Dispositif pour produire un champ magnétique avec une allure spatialement prédéterminée du champ dans un volume utile (V), qui est pourvu de corps (7, 8) en un matériau ferromagnétique qui influencent l'allure du champ, caractérisé par le fait qu'à l'extérieur et sur chacun des côtés opposés du volume utile (V), est prévu au moins un corps mince (7, 8) en forme de plaque, d'extension géométrique prédéterminée et fait avec un matériau de forte perméabilité (fir), et dont la surface (F, F') tournée vers le volume utile (V), est conformée et disposée de telle manière qu'elle se situe sur une surface magnétique équipotentielle (6d, 6d') du champ magnétique (B) à produire dans le volume utile (V).
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que la plus faible distance (e) de chaque corps en forme de plaque (7, 8) et le volume utile (V), est inférieure à l'extension correspondante (a) du volume utile (V) dans cette direction.
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que l'extension transversale (1) de chaque corps en forme de plaque (7, 8) est plus grande que l'extension correspondante (c) du volume utile (V) dans cette direction.
4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que l'extension géométrique des sections des surfaces équipotentielles (6d, 6'd), qui sont à garnir avec les corps en forme de plaque (7, 8) respectivement, est choisi à une grandeur telle que les lignes de champ (5) du champ magnétique (B), qui traversent le volume utile (V), passent, au moins dans une large mesure, par ces sections de surfaces.
5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par le fait qu'à l'extérieur et sur des côtés opposés du volume utile (V) est prévue une structure (10. 11) en forme de surface, de grille ou de filet, d'extension prédéterminée, avec des supraconducteurs (12) en forme de fils ou de bandes, étant noté que chaque structure (10, 11) est conformée et disposée de telle façon qu'elle suit les lignes de champ (5) du champ magnétique (B) à produire dans le volume utile (V), alors que les supraconducteurs (12) sont alignés perpendiculairement aux lignes de champ (5), et sont reliés, au moins à leurs extrémités, avec des éléments électriquement conducteurs (13), qui s'étendent dans la direction des lignes de champ (5).
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que les éléments électriquement conducteurs (13) sont constitués par un matériau à conductibilité électrique normale, à la température de fonctionnement des supraconducteurs (12).
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé par le fait que les supraconducteurs (12) sont également reliés entre eux, dans des zones qui se situent entre leurs extrémités, avec des éléments électriquement conducteurs qui s'étendent en direction des lignes de champ (5) du champ magnétique (B) à produire dans le volume utile (V).
8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé par le fait qu'à l'aide du nombre et du choix du matériau des éléments électriquement conducteurs (13), on règle, pour les structures en forme de filets (10. 11), une constante (T) du temps déterminée par le quotient UR.
9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé par le fait que l'extension et la disposition des structures en forme de filets (10, 11) sont choisies de telle façon que ces structures s'étendent entre les corps en forme de plaques (7, 8).
10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé par le fait que pour les corps en forme de plaques (7, 8) sont prévues des mesures pour réduire les courants de Foucault qui s'y produisent.
11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé par le fait que le volume utile (V) se situe à l'intérieur d'une chambre (22) pour guider des particules électriquement chargées, en particulier d'électrons dans une installation à accélérateur de particules.
EP86101356A 1985-02-15 1986-02-03 Générateur de champ magnétique Expired EP0191392B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3505281 1985-02-15
DE19853505281 DE3505281A1 (de) 1985-02-15 1985-02-15 Magnetfelderzeugende einrichtung

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0191392A2 EP0191392A2 (fr) 1986-08-20
EP0191392A3 EP0191392A3 (en) 1986-12-10
EP0191392B1 true EP0191392B1 (fr) 1989-05-17

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US (1) US4740758A (fr)
EP (1) EP0191392B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS61188907A (fr)
DE (2) DE3505281A1 (fr)

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GB1329412A (en) * 1969-09-18 1973-09-05 Science Res Council Electrical coils for generating magnetic fields
US4047068A (en) * 1973-11-26 1977-09-06 Kreidl Chemico Physical K.G. Synchronous plasma packet accelerator
AT328551B (de) * 1974-04-12 1976-03-25 Siemens Ag Oesterreich Breitbandabschirmung gegen magnetischen streufluss
JPS57172238A (en) * 1981-04-17 1982-10-23 Hitachi Ltd Magnetic field correcting device
JPS59132345A (ja) * 1983-01-19 1984-07-30 Mitsubishi Electric Corp 磁界発生装置

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Publication number Publication date
EP0191392A3 (en) 1986-12-10
JPS61188907A (ja) 1986-08-22
DE3663412D1 (en) 1989-06-22
EP0191392A2 (fr) 1986-08-20
US4740758A (en) 1988-04-26
DE3505281A1 (de) 1986-08-21

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