EP0194300A1 - Centrale chimiothermique - Google Patents

Centrale chimiothermique

Info

Publication number
EP0194300A1
EP0194300A1 EP85904687A EP85904687A EP0194300A1 EP 0194300 A1 EP0194300 A1 EP 0194300A1 EP 85904687 A EP85904687 A EP 85904687A EP 85904687 A EP85904687 A EP 85904687A EP 0194300 A1 EP0194300 A1 EP 0194300A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
heat
processor
temperature
chemical component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP85904687A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Orvar Elmqvist
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GADD Olof
HOLM Axel
Sjoo Lennart
Original Assignee
GADD Olof
HOLM Axel
Sjoo Lennart
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GADD Olof, HOLM Axel, Sjoo Lennart filed Critical GADD Olof
Publication of EP0194300A1 publication Critical patent/EP0194300A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/04—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to vapour or vice versa
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B29/00—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously
    • F25B29/006—Combined heating and refrigeration systems, e.g. operating alternately or simultaneously of the sorption type system
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10—Process efficiency

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a chemo-thermal plant for converting low temperature thermal .energy to high-tempera ⁇ ture thermal energy.
  • the object of the invention is to recover low-temperature thermal energy, which is abundantly found in water (the seas, the oceans) , the air, industrial waste-heat, etc., and to utilize this thermal energy by stepping it up to high-temperature thermal energy, i.e. to temperatures useful for the large scale heating of domestic dwellings, for energy-consuming industries (power station's) etc..
  • the plant is of a kind comprising two heat exchangers and a processor for vaporizing a chemical component.
  • Wind power can be said to be one such solution.
  • Another solution is the heat pump, a device for
  • the heat pump can be said to operate in a manner to supply heat (e.g. from ambient air) to a container containing a liquid under low pressure, this liquid being caused to boil thereby.
  • the pressure and the temperature of the resultant liquid vapor are raised by means of a compressor, this liquid vapor being allowed to condensate in a further container and therewith deliver heat to a medium cooled by the other container, for example hot water for heating a domestic n ⁇ •- dwelling.
  • Recovered liquid is recycled to the firstmentio- ned container via a pressure reducing valve, and can then be re-boiled by supplying heat from the air, etc..
  • the object of the present-invention is to provide a novel heat plant which is both environmentally gentle and highly efficient. This object is achieved by causing the plant to transform low-temperature thermal energy to high-temperature thermal energy with the aid of processes operating with both vaporization heat from a vaporization process and with reac ⁇ tion heat from a purely chemical process.
  • a heat plant incorporates a first and a second heat exchanger, and a processor for vaporizing a first chemical component.
  • the plant is characterized in that it further incorporates a second processor connected to the first processor and arrange to effect a reaction between the vaporized first chemical component and a second chemical component.
  • a second processor connected to the first processor and arrange to effect a reaction between the vaporized first chemical component and a second chemical component.
  • Figure 1 is a heat plant for transforming thermal energy from a temperature of about 10 C to about 65°C, and comprising a mixer for mixing together two chemical components
  • Figure 2 is a heat plant for transforming energy from a temperature of about 10°C to about 50°C, and includes a chemical reactor and a disintegrator for two chemical components
  • Figure 3 is a heat plant for transforming energy from a temperature of about 45°C to about 520°C, and includes a chemical reactor and a disintegrator for two chemical components.
  • the heat plant illustrated in Figure 1 incorporates a com ⁇ bined heat-exchanger/processor 10, a second processor 11, a second heat-exchanger 12 and a heater 13.
  • Sea water at a temperature of 10 C is supplied to the heat exchanger 10, the pressure of which reaches to about 3.5 - 5 atmospheres. Subsequent to heating liquid ammonia, the tem ⁇ perature of outgoing sea water has dropped to a temperature of -3 C.
  • the liquid ammonia flowing through a conduit 121 is vaporized.in the processor 10 and is conducted in the form of ammonia vapor, having a temperature of -5 C, through a conduit 101 to a second processor 11.
  • the ammonia vapor is mixed in the second processor 11 with a sodium carbonate solution having a temperature in excess of 31 C, this solu ⁇ tion being supplied to the processor 11 through a conduit 131.
  • the end product obtained from the second processor 11 is a liquid ammonia + sodium-carbonate- solution having a temperature of about 65°C.
  • This product is passed through a conduit 111 to the second heat exchanger 12, where cooling water.._supplied to said-heat exchanger—and - having a temperature of 5 C is heated to a temperature of 65 C and passed to a consumer point, e.g. the central heat- ing system of one or more dwelling places.
  • the sodium- carbonate solution transforms to crystal soda having a temperature below 31 C, while absorbing the water of crystal ⁇ lization and is led via a conduit 122 to the heater 13 in which it is melted.
  • the energy put into the heater 13 can be obtained through a loop extending from a high-tem-. perature side of the heat exchanger 12, or with the aid of electrical heating means.
  • the sodium carbonate rebinds the water as water of crystallization when cooling in the heat exchanger 12, and the ammonia is therewith void of solvent and is released in liquid form. (The solution of ammonia in water and the sub ⁇ sequent reabsorption of the water by the sodium carbonate can be compared, to some extent, with a conventional heat pump function) .
  • a cooling device provided with a filter for optional cleans ⁇ ing of the liquid ammonia is preferably placed in the con- duit 121.
  • the cooling water is taken, for example, through a loop passing from the low-temperature side of the first heat exchanger 10, the lower conduit, and is recycled (shun ⁇ ted) to the upper conduit.
  • the heat plant illustrated in Figure 2 comprises a combined ' heat-exchanger/processor 20, a combined processor/heat exchanger 21, a heat consuming unit 22, a disintegrator 24 and a cooler 25.
  • Sea water having a temperature of 10 C is supplied to the heat exchanger 20. Subsequent to heating liquid ammonia, the departing sea water has a temperature of -3 C, The liquid ammonia supplied through a conduit 241 is vaporized in the processor 20 and conducted in vapor form, temperature -5 C, through a conduit 201 to the second processor 21. The ammo ⁇ nia vapor, temperature -5 C, chemically reacts in the second processor 21 with carbon dioxide (CO,) having a temperature of 65 C and supplied to the processor 21 thro ⁇ tgh a * conduit 242. The exothermic reaction provides hot water, temperature 50 C, on the high-temperature side of the heat exchanger.
  • CO carbon dioxide
  • said high-temperature side being connected to a consumer unit 22 of some kind or other, through a conduit 211; the low-temperature side of the consumer - unit obtains return
  • Inert oil for example thin paraffin oil
  • the purpose of the centrifuge .23 is to concentrate the carbamate-oil mixture arriving from the reactor 21, to a thick, viscous consistency.
  • the mixture is ⁇ pumped into the disintegrator 24, and surplus oil is returne to the reactor 21, via the pump 27.
  • Oil accompanying the mixture to the disintegrator 24 will lie on the bottom-of the disintegrator upon completion of the disintegration process.
  • a layer of liquid ammonia will lie above the oil, while gaseous carbon dioxide is collected above the ammonia. Oil, ammonia and carbon dioxide are tapped off continuously during operation.
  • the conduit 241 incorporates the cooling device 25, the low-temperature side of which is connected to the high- temperature side of the first heat-exchanger 20, via a conduit 251, whereas the high-temperature side of the cool ⁇ ing device 25 is connected to the high-temperature side of the second heat exchanger . 21 , via a conduit.-252. ..
  • the high-pressure and high-temperature carbon dioxide gas deriving from the disintegrator 24 is an important, avail ⁇ able source of energy for operation of auxiliary apparatus, such as the pump 27 and heater 26 for example.
  • auxiliary apparatus such as the pump 27 and heater 26 for example.
  • the heat plant illustrated in Figure 3 incorporates a com- bined heat-exchanger/processor 30, a second processor 31, a second heat-exchanger 32, a heat consumer unit (turbine) 33, a chemical reactor 34, a disintegrator 35 and a capaci ⁇ tor 36.
  • Water having a temperature exceeding 45 C enters the heat exchanger 30 and is used to vaporize liquid sulphur trioxide, SO, which is introduced from the disintegrator 35 through a conduit 351.
  • SO liquid sulphur trioxide
  • the vaporized sulphur trioxide is supplied to the second processor 31 , through a conduit 301 , to which processor steam from the disintegrator 35 is also supplied, through a conduit 352.
  • the ratios between the two products obtained is contingent on the amount of ingoing steam.
  • the products are passed through a conduit 311 to the heat exchanger 32, where the
  • the cooling loop of the condensor 36 is connected, via a conduit 301 and a conduit 362, to the water outlet (low- temperature side) -of the heat exchanger 30 and the outlet of the plant respectively.
  • H 2 S0. and H.SO are supplied, through a conduit 322 to the reactor 34, to which iron oxide, Fe 2 0,, is also supplied from the disintegrator 35 through a conduit 353.
  • a salt is formed in the reactor 34 in accordance with the formulae:
  • the iron oxide is recycled to the reactor 34, and the highl concentrated sulphur trioxide and steam are fed to the heat exchanger 30 and to the second processor 31 respectively, as beforementioned. More specifically, the disintegration process proceeds in a manner such that water of crystalli ⁇ zation is expelled at a certain temperature in a first stage, whereafter the ferri sulphate is disintegrated at higher temperature. The expelled water of crystallization is obtained in vapor form, and the vapor can be introduced directly into a new cycle. It will be understood that the embodiments described with reference to Figures 1-3 do not limit the invention in any way, and that various modifications can be made within the scope of the claims.
  • the amount of steam, or water vapor, in relation to the amount of sulphur trioxide S0 3 , passing to the processor 31 can be chosen so that solely sulphuric acid, H 2 SO. , is obtained.
  • the sul ⁇ phuric acid is caused to act in the heat exchanger 32, it can be led directly to a disintegrator and there split-up into sulphur triox-ide, S0 3 , and water vapor, which is then used in accordance with the aforegoing.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

Une centrale chimiothermique est destinée à la conversion d'une énergie thermique de faible température en une énergie thermique de haute température. Elle comprend un premier échangeur de chaleur pour récupérer l'énergie thermique de basse température, une unité de traitement pour vaporiser un premier composant chimique, et un second échangeur de chaleur pour récupérer l'énergie élevée par vaporisation. La centrale comprend en outre une seconde unité de traitement qui est connectée à la première unité de traitement et est prévue pour effectuer une réaction entre le composé vaporisé et un second composé chimique. Le premier composé chimique peut comprendre de l'ammoniac et le second du carbonate de sodium. Le second échangeur de chaleur (12) est ensuite connecté pour transférer de l'ammoniaque liquide à la première unité de traitement (10) qui, simultanément, constitue le premier échangeur de chaleur et est connecté pour transférer la solution de carbonate de sodium à la seconde unité de traitement (11).
EP85904687A 1984-09-13 1985-09-11 Centrale chimiothermique Withdrawn EP0194300A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8404586A SE8404586L (sv) 1984-09-13 1984-09-13 Kemisk vermeanleggning
SE8404586 1984-09-13

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0194300A1 true EP0194300A1 (fr) 1986-09-17

Family

ID=20357000

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85904687A Withdrawn EP0194300A1 (fr) 1984-09-13 1985-09-11 Centrale chimiothermique

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0194300A1 (fr)
SE (1) SE8404586L (fr)
WO (1) WO1986001880A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IT1292413B1 (it) * 1997-06-24 1999-02-08 L D H S R L Impianto perfezionato di raffreddamento ad assorbimento e metodo funzionale relativo
GB2446820B (en) * 2007-02-23 2011-09-21 Mark Collins A Method of Generating Heat
GB2474249B (en) * 2009-10-07 2015-11-04 Mark Collins An apparatus for generating heat
GB2489969B (en) 2011-04-13 2018-07-18 Collins Mark An apparatus for generating heat by the reaction of an aqueous slurry or suspension of a metal powder with a solution of an alkali metal hydroxide
EP3017013A4 (fr) * 2013-05-28 2017-01-25 Yanjie Xu Système de réfrigération à doubles réfrigérants et fluides actifs liquides

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2007886A1 (en) * 1968-05-06 1970-01-16 Humphreys Et Glasgow Ltd Sulphuric acid production
US4386501A (en) * 1981-07-29 1983-06-07 Martin Marietta Corporation Heat pump using liquid ammoniated ammonium chloride, and thermal storage system
US4413480A (en) * 1982-04-05 1983-11-08 Institute Of Gas Technology Hyperabsorption space conditioning process and apparatus

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO8601880A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1986001880A1 (fr) 1986-03-27
SE8404586L (sv) 1986-03-14
SE8404586D0 (sv) 1984-09-13

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