EP0198506A2 - Appareil interrupteur à coupure dans l'air pour circuits à haute tension - Google Patents

Appareil interrupteur à coupure dans l'air pour circuits à haute tension Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0198506A2
EP0198506A2 EP86105362A EP86105362A EP0198506A2 EP 0198506 A2 EP0198506 A2 EP 0198506A2 EP 86105362 A EP86105362 A EP 86105362A EP 86105362 A EP86105362 A EP 86105362A EP 0198506 A2 EP0198506 A2 EP 0198506A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
finger arrangement
fingers
contact finger
arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86105362A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0198506A3 (en
EP0198506B1 (fr
Inventor
Alfred Dr.-Ing. Hartig
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ruhrtal Elektrizitatsgesellschaft Hartig GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Ruhrtal Elektrizitatsgesellschaft Hartig GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ruhrtal Elektrizitatsgesellschaft Hartig GmbH and Co filed Critical Ruhrtal Elektrizitatsgesellschaft Hartig GmbH and Co
Publication of EP0198506A2 publication Critical patent/EP0198506A2/fr
Publication of EP0198506A3 publication Critical patent/EP0198506A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0198506B1 publication Critical patent/EP0198506B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/02—Details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/26—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch
    • H01H31/28—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact that remains electrically connected to one line in open position of switch with angularly-movable contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H31/003—Earthing switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an outdoor switching device for high-voltage switchgear, namely earthing switches or disconnectors, with a fixed contact and with a switch contact which can be pivoted in a swivel plane by means of a switching arm and can be pushed onto the fixed contact,
  • the fixed contact being a slide-on contact, preferably with a slide-on stop, and preferably a preferably more or has less transverse to the mounting arm
  • the switch contact has at least two contact finger arrangements, preferably each with a pair of contact fingers, and in the closed state, the contact finger arrangements of the switching contact on the sliding contact, in particular on both sides of the sliding contact, and possibly on the sliding stop of the fixed contact.
  • the slide-on contact and the fastening arm form an arcuate or angled component, the arcuate or angled component lies in the pivoting plane of the switching contact, the slide-on contact projects from one side in the slide-on direction and the contact fingers are in the closed state with point contact on Slide-on contact (see. DE-OS 24 09 527).
  • the invention is therefore based on the object, the above-described outdoor switching device, which is used in particular as an earthing switch, but also as a circuit breaker, so that it has a better switching capacity.
  • the open-air switching device for high-voltage switchgear, in which the above-mentioned object is achieved, is characterized in that the contact finger arrangement of the switching contact, which comes into engagement with the sliding contact when viewed in the switch-on direction, later disengages after the other contact finger arrangement or the other contact finger arrangements during the opening movement the sliding contact comes when it corresponds to the distance of the first contact finger arrangement and the second contact finger arrangement in the sliding direction.
  • the switching contact has at least two contact finger arrangements, which preferably each have a pair of contact fingers.
  • the switching contact has exactly two contact finger arrangements, each of the contact finger arrangements preferably having a pair of contact fingers. Regardless of this, everything that is explained below also applies to a switching contact with three or more contact finger arrangements.
  • the first contact finger arrangement of the switching contact is designed as a snap contact.
  • the result of this is that when the outdoor switching device according to the invention is opened, the current path - via the fixed contact and the switching contact - is delayed, but is then opened suddenly.
  • This sudden opening of the current path via the fixed contact and the switching contact increases the switching capacity of the outdoor switching device according to the invention, because arcs forming when the current path is opened are extinguished again very briefly due to the sudden opening.
  • So-called snap contacts are known per se in the prior art. However, these are auxiliary contacts provided in addition to main contacts.
  • the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement and the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement form equivalent main contacts.
  • the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement and the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement are intended to take on the same proportions of the total current flowing through the fixed contact switch contact current path. Consequently, the individual contact fingers are also designed so that they can carry the permissible short-circuit current together.
  • the outdoor switching device shown only partially in FIG. 1 is an earthing switch and is intended for high-voltage switchgear.
  • the outdoor switching device includes a fixed contact 1 and a switching contact 3 that can be swiveled in a swivel plane by means of a switching arm 2 and can be pushed onto the fixed contact 1.
  • the fixed contact 1 which is arranged on an insulator 4, has a sliding contact 5 with a sliding stop 6 and one more or less - fastening arm 7 running transversely to the slide-on direction.
  • the switching contact 3 has two contact finger arrangements 8, 9 - with contact fingers 8a, 8b and 9a, 9b. In the closed state of the outdoor switching device, the contact fingers 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b of the switching contact 3 rest on both sides on the slide-on contact 5 and on the slide-on stop 6 of the fixed contact 1.
  • All of the exemplary embodiments of an outdoor switching device shown in the drawing have in common that the contact finger arrangement 8 of the switching contact 3, which comes into engagement with the sliding contact 5 when viewed in the switch-on direction, later disengages from the sliding contact 5 after the other contact finger arrangement 9 or the other contact finger arrangements during the opening movement comes when it corresponds to the distance between the first contact finger arrangement 8 and the second contact finger arrangement 9 in the push-on direction.
  • the teaching of the invention which has been explained in principle above, is realized constructively by the fact that the first contact finger arrangement 8 of the switching contact 3 seen in the switch-on direction is more movable relative to the switching arm 2 than the following contact finger arrangement 9.
  • the design of the contact finger arrangement 8 is a snap contact realized here by the special mobility in comparison with the contact finger arrangement 9.
  • the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement could be articulated in the outdoor switching device and the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement could be rigidly connected to the switching arm, the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement being connected via a spring element, e.g. B. could have a rubber spring, could be connected to the switching arm.
  • a spring element e.g. B. could have a rubber spring
  • the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 and the contact fingers 9a, 9b of the second contact finger arrangement 9 are rigidly connected to the switching arm 2. Additional measures must be taken to ensure that the contact finger arrangement 8 of the switching contact 3 is more movable relative to the switching arm 2 than the contact finger arrangement 9.
  • the essential teaching of the invention to make the first contact finger arrangement of the switching contact more movable relative to the switching arm than the second contact finger arrangement, can be realized in that the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement is less have moment as the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement. If all contact fingers have a circular cross section, the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement can have a smaller cross section than the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement and the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement can consist of a material with greater electrical conductivity than the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement.
  • all contact fingers have approximately the same electrical resistance. It is also possible to achieve approximately the same electrical resistance for all contact fingers in that the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement and the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement have the same cross-sectional area, but a different cross-sectional shape. This takes advantage of the fact that a cross section with the same area leads, depending on the cross sectional shape, to very different moments of resistance.
  • the basic teaching of the invention is now specifically implemented in that the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 have a greater effective length than the contact fingers 9a, 9b of the second contact finger arrangement 9, - the effective length means the distance between the clamping end 10, 11 of the switching arm 2 and the slide-on contact 5 of the fixed contact 1.
  • the contact finger arrangement 8 and the contact finger arrangement 9 are to be designed as main contacts.
  • This is served by a measure implemented in the exemplary embodiment shown, which is characterized in that the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 - approximately in the region of the clamping end 11 of the switching arm 2 which serves to clamp the contact fingers 9a, 9b of the second contact finger arrangement 9 - have a lateral support 12 is assigned - so that the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 bear with approximately the same contact pressure on the slide-on contact 5 of the fixed contact 1 as the contact fingers 9a, 9b of the second contact finger arrangement 9.
  • the first contact finger arrangement 8 of the switching contact 3 should be more movable than the second contact finger arrangement 9 relative to the switching arm 2. However, this should only apply or be effective when the outdoor switching device according to the invention is opened. This is in connection with the fact that in the illustrated embodiment of an outdoor switching device according to the invention, a spacer element 13 is provided between the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 and the contact fingers 9a, 9b of the second contact finger arrangement 9, the spacer element 13 being made of insulating material, so that no cross currents can arise.
  • the application of the basic teaching of the invention leads to different mobility of the first contact finger arrangement 8 of the switching contact 3 and the second contact finger arrangement 9, relative to the switching arm 2, in connection with that between the contact fingers 8a, 8b, 9a, 9b and the sliding contact 5 existing friction to the deliberate delayed opening of the current path (fixed contact 1 - switching contact 3), that is, the desired snap contact behavior of the contact finger arrangement 8.
  • This desired snap contact behavior of the contact finger arrangement 8 can be reinforced by a number of special measures.
  • the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 protrude further beyond the slide-on contact 5 of the fixed contact 1 than the contact fingers 9a, 9b of the second contact finger arrangement 9 and the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 am Fixed contact 1 holding hook 18 are assigned.
  • the holding hooks 18 on the fixed contact 1 result in the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 being able to overcome the holding hooks 18 only when the contact fingers 8a, 8b of the first contact finger arrangement 8 are bent accordingly by the switching arm 2, but then, as desired, abruptly overcome the retaining hooks 18.
  • the snap contact behavior of the first contact finger arrangement could also be reinforced by the fact that a driver is provided between the second contact finger arrangement and that of the contact finger arrangement and the driver only pulls the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement away from the sliding contact of the fixed contact when between the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement and the sliding contact of the fixed contact has reached a predetermined distance.
  • an outdoor switching device with improved switching capacity has been created.
  • a further improvement in the switching capacity can also be achieved in that the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement - on the side opposite the pivoting side - are provided with erosion material and / or with additional arcing contacts, it is advisable to design the arcing contacts such that the arc has a shorter path to the arcing contacts when it is switched on and off than to the contact fingers of the first contact finger arrangement and to the contact fingers of the second contact finger arrangement.
  • FIG. 5 and 6 show a second exemplary embodiment of an outdoor switching device according to the invention, in which a plurality of features of the previously explained exemplary embodiment of an outdoor switching device are also implemented. These measures do not need to be explained again in detail.
  • the exemplary embodiment shown here is now characterized in a special way that when the second contact finger arrangement 9 is switched off, it can be pulled off the sliding contact 5 solely by a pushing movement radially to the pivoting movement and the first contact finger arrangement 8 by a pivoting movement, possibly after a previous pushing movement radially to the pivoting movement and that, preferably, the reverse sequence of movements takes place when switching on.
  • FIG. 6 shows the beginning of the opening movement with respect to the first contact finger arrangement 8, with FIG.
  • the snap contact behavior of the first contact finger arrangement 8, which is desired according to the invention, is realized in that when switching off during the pivoting movement of the switching arm 2, only the first contact finger arrangement 8 is in engagement with the sliding contact 5, whereas the second contact finger arrangement 9 is already radial due to the preceding pushing movement radially to the pivoting movement has been brought out of engagement with the slide contact 5.
  • the first contact finger arrangement 8 of the switching contact 3 seen in the switch-on direction can also be more movable relative to the switching arm 2 than the following contact finger arrangement 9, but it does not have to be.
  • the first contact finger arrangement 8 here consists of two contact fingers 8a, 8b, which protrude further beyond the sliding contact 5 of the fixed contact 1 than the contact fingers 9a, b, c of the second contact finger arrangement 9 and a web-like part of the sliding contact 5 between them.
  • sequence of movements when switching on is inversely opposite to the sequence of movements when switching off.
  • both contact finger arrangements 8, 9 can be removed from the sliding contact 5 solely by a pivoting movement, namely when the first contact finger arrangement 8 is switched on solely by the pivoting movement of the switching contact 3 and the second contact finger arrangement 9 can be pushed onto the sliding contact 5 radially to the pivoting movement by the pivoting movement and a subsequent pushing movement.

Landscapes

  • Slide Switches (AREA)
  • Rotary Switch, Piano Key Switch, And Lever Switch (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)
  • Push-Button Switches (AREA)
EP19860105362 1985-04-17 1986-04-17 Appareil interrupteur à coupure dans l'air pour circuits à haute tension Expired - Lifetime EP0198506B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853513908 DE3513908C2 (de) 1985-04-17 1985-04-17 Freiluftschaltgerät für Hochspannungsschaltanlagen
DE3513908 1985-04-17

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0198506A2 true EP0198506A2 (fr) 1986-10-22
EP0198506A3 EP0198506A3 (en) 1989-03-22
EP0198506B1 EP0198506B1 (fr) 1992-07-08

Family

ID=6268393

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19860105362 Expired - Lifetime EP0198506B1 (fr) 1985-04-17 1986-04-17 Appareil interrupteur à coupure dans l'air pour circuits à haute tension

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0198506B1 (fr)
DE (3) DE3513908C2 (fr)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2691010A1 (fr) * 1992-05-11 1993-11-12 Gec Alsthom Engergie Inc Fouet pour sectionneur à haute tension.
FR2691008A1 (fr) * 1992-05-11 1993-11-12 Gec Alsthom Engergie Inc Sectionneur de terre à ouverture perpendiculaire.
EP0576047A3 (en) * 1989-04-05 1994-05-18 Rurhtal Elektrizitaetsgesellsc High voltage switchgear
WO2012151705A1 (fr) * 2011-05-11 2012-11-15 Mikhail Sotnikov Lame de déconnexion haute tension pour usage extérieur avec isolation aérienne
WO2016082043A1 (fr) * 2014-11-26 2016-06-02 Mikhail Sotnikov Interrupteur sectionneur télescopique haute tension isolé à l'air avec un contact mobile à alimentation en pression
WO2016082042A1 (fr) * 2014-11-26 2016-06-02 Mikhail Sotnikov Interrupteurs-sectionneurs télescopiques à haute tension isolés par air pour bus à phase isolée
CN111989757A (zh) * 2018-03-28 2020-11-24 Abb电网瑞士股份公司 中央开断开关中用于母线传输切换的弹簧加载的辅助触头系统

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2409527C3 (de) * 1974-02-28 1986-06-19 Ruhrtal Elektrizitätsgesellschaft Hartig GmbH & Co, 4300 Essen Freiluftschaltgerät für Hochspannungsschaltanlagen
DE2628020A1 (de) * 1976-06-23 1977-12-29 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Schlagerder
DE2740156A1 (de) * 1977-09-02 1979-03-15 Siemens Ag Erdungsschalter mit schub- und schwenkbewegung des erdungsmessers
DE3310897A1 (de) * 1983-03-25 1984-09-27 Brown, Boveri & Cie Ag, 6800 Mannheim Antriebsvorrichtung zur betaetigung eines dreh-trennschalters
DE3312074C2 (de) * 1983-04-02 1986-08-14 Ruhrtal Elektrizitätsgesellschaft Hartig GmbH & Co, 4300 Essen Schaltgerät für Hochspannungsschaltanlagen, insbesondere Erdungsschalter

Cited By (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0576047A3 (en) * 1989-04-05 1994-05-18 Rurhtal Elektrizitaetsgesellsc High voltage switchgear
FR2691010A1 (fr) * 1992-05-11 1993-11-12 Gec Alsthom Engergie Inc Fouet pour sectionneur à haute tension.
FR2691008A1 (fr) * 1992-05-11 1993-11-12 Gec Alsthom Engergie Inc Sectionneur de terre à ouverture perpendiculaire.
EP0570265A1 (fr) * 1992-05-11 1993-11-18 Gec Alsthom Energie Inc. Sectionneur de terre à ouverture perpendiculaire
EP0570266A1 (fr) * 1992-05-11 1993-11-18 Gec Alsthom Energie Inc. Fouet pour sectionneur à haute tension
US5369234A (en) * 1992-05-11 1994-11-29 Gec Alsthom Energie Inc. Perpendicularly-opening grounding section switch
WO2012151705A1 (fr) * 2011-05-11 2012-11-15 Mikhail Sotnikov Lame de déconnexion haute tension pour usage extérieur avec isolation aérienne
US9099265B2 (en) 2011-05-11 2015-08-04 Mikhail Sotnikov High-voltage disconnection knife for outdoor use with air insulation
WO2016082043A1 (fr) * 2014-11-26 2016-06-02 Mikhail Sotnikov Interrupteur sectionneur télescopique haute tension isolé à l'air avec un contact mobile à alimentation en pression
WO2016082042A1 (fr) * 2014-11-26 2016-06-02 Mikhail Sotnikov Interrupteurs-sectionneurs télescopiques à haute tension isolés par air pour bus à phase isolée
CN111989757A (zh) * 2018-03-28 2020-11-24 Abb电网瑞士股份公司 中央开断开关中用于母线传输切换的弹簧加载的辅助触头系统
CN111989757B (zh) * 2018-03-28 2023-10-10 日立能源瑞士股份公司 中央开断开关中用于母线传输切换的弹簧加载的辅助触头系统

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3513908A1 (de) 1986-10-23
EP0198506A3 (en) 1989-03-22
EP0198506B1 (fr) 1992-07-08
DE8511440U1 (de) 1987-03-19
DE3513908C2 (de) 1987-02-05
DE3685900D1 (de) 1992-08-13

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69602200T2 (de) Hybrid-hochspannungsschalter
DE69110499T2 (de) Lastschalter unterstützt durch Varistor.
EP3428942B1 (fr) Dispositif d'extinction d'arc de courant continu et appareil de commutation de courant continu électromécanique
EP3928344B1 (fr) Commutateur à trois positions optimisé
EP0198506B1 (fr) Appareil interrupteur à coupure dans l'air pour circuits à haute tension
CH668664A5 (de) Gasisolierter lasttrenner.
DE69111571T2 (de) Mehrpoliger Drehschalter.
DE69202002T2 (de) Lasttrenngerät für elektrische Schaltung.
DE2924630C2 (de) Gekapselter, dreiphasiger Drehtrennschalter
DE2522525A1 (de) Lasttrennschalter, insbesondere fuer den betrieb in einem mittelspannungsbereich
DE69523669T2 (de) Vakuum Röhre, insbesondere für Lastschalter oder elektrischer Mittelspannungsschalter und Schalter mit einer solchen Röhre
EP0205397A1 (fr) Sectionneur pour une installation interrupteur haute tension blindée et isolée au gaz comprimé
EP1672659A2 (fr) Sectionneur à contact mobile linéairement
DE2756741A1 (de) Elektrisches schaltgeraet mit magnetischem kontaktdruckverstaerker
EP0283949B1 (fr) Sectionneur sous charge à plusieurs positions pour installations à haute et moyenne tension
DE2734395A1 (de) Einrichtung zur strombegrenzung
DE9108589U1 (de) Trennschalter mit einem Hauptschaltstift und einem Hilfskontaktstift
DE3235353C2 (fr)
EP0135789B1 (fr) Sectionneur haute tension, en particulier sectionneur monocolonne, capable de commuter des courants
WO2020025242A1 (fr) Sectionneur comportant deux parties de contact mobiles l'une par rapport à l'autre
DE102018109750A1 (de) Schaltvorrichtung
DE744553C (de) Rohrfoermiger Schaltarm fuer Drehtrennschalter und aehnlich aufgebaute Schaltgeraete
DE3307401C2 (fr)
EP0168568B1 (fr) Sectionneur, en particulier sectionneur monocolonne, à pantographe
CH662002A5 (de) Schaltapparat mit einer vorrichtung zur steuerung der bewegung eines lichtbogenkontaktes des schaltapparates.

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A2

Designated state(s): CH DE IT LI NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19870105

PUAL Search report despatched

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A3

Designated state(s): CH DE IT LI NL SE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19900906

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): CH DE IT LI NL SE

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3685900

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19920813

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 19930422

Year of fee payment: 8

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Effective date: 19940430

Ref country code: CH

Effective date: 19940430

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

EAL Se: european patent in force in sweden

Ref document number: 86105362.7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 19950428

Year of fee payment: 10

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Effective date: 19960418

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed

Ref document number: 86105362.7

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20001030

Year of fee payment: 15

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20010115

Year of fee payment: 15

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20011101

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20011101

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020201

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050417