EP0199719B1 - Dispositif distributeur de sable pour fonderie - Google Patents

Dispositif distributeur de sable pour fonderie Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0199719B1
EP0199719B1 EP84904050A EP84904050A EP0199719B1 EP 0199719 B1 EP0199719 B1 EP 0199719B1 EP 84904050 A EP84904050 A EP 84904050A EP 84904050 A EP84904050 A EP 84904050A EP 0199719 B1 EP0199719 B1 EP 0199719B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sand
apertures
plates
pattern
plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP84904050A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0199719A4 (fr
EP0199719A1 (fr
Inventor
Robert H. Bond
Richard B. Kraus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Kinematics Corp
Original Assignee
General Kinematics Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by General Kinematics Corp filed Critical General Kinematics Corp
Publication of EP0199719A1 publication Critical patent/EP0199719A1/fr
Publication of EP0199719A4 publication Critical patent/EP0199719A4/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0199719B1 publication Critical patent/EP0199719B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C15/00—Moulding machines characterised by the compacting mechanism; Accessories therefor
    • B22C15/10—Compacting by jarring devices only

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a foundry apparatus of the type having a flask for holding moulding sand, a pattern associated with the flask, sand supply means above the pattern for delivering sand to the pattern, and distribution means to intercept sand supplied from the sand supply means, and comprising a first plate and a second plate, each having a plurality of spaced apertures, said plates being mounted together such that one is slidable over the surface of the other.
  • a known metal forming process employs a sand mold into which molten metal is poured and cast.
  • a pattern representing a desired part configuration, is situated within a flask or mold.
  • Sand is tamped or packed about the pattern to reproduce its contour, whereupon the pattern is removed.
  • the molten metal introduced to the mold assumes the shape of the cavity.
  • the STYROFOAM pattern has the further advantage that it will exhaust as a gas through a system of risers and gates upon introduction of the molten material to the mold, and will not leave a residue that might compromise the quality of the casting.
  • a hopper In a typical apparatus, a hopper is disposed above the flask and associated pattern. Generally, in most apparatus, the sand rains freely over the pattern. With nothing to interrupt the hopper flow, the incoming sand may break off portions of the pattern. Reduction of the flow rate to the flask while preventing damage to certain delicate portions of the pattern, slows the entire operation and results in a bottleneck in the assembly line. The economic consequences are apparent.
  • the present invention is specifically directed to overcoming the above enumerated deficiencies in a novel and simple manner.
  • a foundry apparatus of the type having a flask for holding molding sand, a pattern associated with the flask, sand supply means above the pattern for delivering sand to the pattern, and distribution means to intercept sand supplied from the sand supply means, and comprising a first plate and a second plate, each having a plurality of spaced apertures, said plates being mounted together such that one is slidable over the surface of the other, characterised in that one of the plates has a first plurality of apertures and the other of the plates has a second plurality of apertures, said first and second plurality of apertures being adjustably registrable with each other to define sand passage areas which can be adjusted to vary the rate of sand flow to the pattern and the flask, said sand passage areas being irregularly spaced or dimensioned differently over the surface of the plates so that sand can be directed selectively, and non-uniformly over the pattern.
  • FIG. 1 An exemplary sand and casting handling system is shown at 10 in Fig. 1.
  • This system is representative of the environment wherein the present invention is particularly suitable.
  • the system 10 of Fig. 1 comprises a sand classifier station at 12, a delivery conveyor 14, a supply hopper 16, a flask support station at 18 and a sand distribution section at 20, which is primarily whereat the present invention resides.
  • the delivery conveyor 14 comprises a vertically directed, endless conveyor 22 rotating about spaced pulleys 24.
  • the conveyor 22 operates within an enclosed shroud 26 and advances sand from an inlet 28, adjacent the sand classifier near the bottom of the shroud, towards a shroud cap 30.
  • the particulate falls off the upper edge 32 of the conveyor and into a bin 34 associated with the hopper.
  • the cap 30 intercepts stray particulate and diverts the same into a bin 34.
  • the bin 34 is supported independently by four upright columns 36 which bear beneath an upper rim 38 at the upper edge 40 bounding the upper inlet 42 of the bin.
  • the bin has a main body 44 with a constant cross-sectional area.
  • An integral, tapered chamber 46 funnels material from the body 44 to the flask 48, which is supported on an elevating apparatus at 50.
  • the system 10 comprises a single station along a casting assembly line.
  • the flask 48 is transported between stations by equipping the same with rails (not shown) which are guided along serially arranged rollers 52 rotatably carried on a supporting frame 53 and cooperatively defining a predetermined guide path.
  • the flask is raised to its operative position shown in Fig. 2 and lowered therefrom by a platform 54 bearing on the underside 56 of the flask and having associated therewith the elevating mechanism at 50.
  • the elevating mechanism 50 comprises a frame 60 which is selectively raised and lowered by four pneumatic lifts 62 which are of conventional construction.
  • the pneumatic lifts are actuated to lower the frame 60, causing the rail associated with the flask to bear on the rollers 52.
  • the flask is shuttled away by an appropriate mechanism and a new flask 48 substituted in its stead.
  • an upwardly facing wall 64 of the frame 50 is aligned facially with the underside 56 of the flask.
  • the frame 60 is elevated through the pneumatic lifts 62, separated from the rollers 52 and caused to be engaged with the bottom portion of the sand distribution section 20.
  • the flask 48 comprises a cup-shaped chamber 66 with a bottom wall 68 which supports a representative pattern 70 shown in Fig. 2 made preferably of STYROFOAM or the like.
  • the chamber has an outwardly turned peripheral rim 72 which abuts the bottom of the sand distribution section 20.
  • cooling coils 80 are provided for circulating air through the sand bed therewithin. This is required because the sand is often reused in several foundry operations and may be admitted to the hopper at an elevated temperature after a prior use. Cooling assures that the temperature of the sand is sufficiently low that it will not cause thermal damage to the chamber or sand distribution section.
  • sand from the hopper is rained uninterruptedly over the pattern 70. While the pattern configuration in Fig. 2 is generally of sufficient strength to withstand most of the impact, the oppositely extending fingers 81 are very delicate. Under the load of the incoming sand, the fingers 81 are extremely susceptible to breakage.
  • the sand distribution section 20 comprises a first fixed plate 82 and a second plate 84 adjustably mounted relative to the fixed first plate 82.
  • the first and second plates are both flat and have adjacent surfaces 86, 88, which facially abut each other with the plates in sliding, juxtaposed relationship.
  • Within each of the plates are apertures which allow passage of sand.
  • the first plate 82 is shown attached adjacent opposite edges 90, 92 to the undersides 94 of angled pieces 96 secured rigidly to a supporting frame 98 associated with the sand distribution control.
  • the second plate 84 has depending flanges 100, 102 which are bored through a common line to accept a control rod 104.
  • the plate 84 is supported lengthwise, on its edges extending parallel to the line of adjusting movement indicated by the double ended arrow 106, by angle brackets 108 attached to the supporting frame 98.
  • the second plate is fixed in a desired position by threadably attaching nuts 110 on opposite sides of the flange 100 to the rod 104. With the plates at a desired setting, the nuts 110 are drawn towards each other to captively surround the flange 100 and fix the position of the rod 104.
  • a separate nut 112 is provided threadably on the rod to abut the face 114 of the flange 102 associated with the second plate. To adjust the second plate relative to the first plate, the nuts 110, 112 are released and the plate moved axially along the rod in either direction indicated by the arrow 106 until a desired flow condition is attained. The nuts are then drawn up with the relative plate positions established.
  • a shut off actuator 116 is associated with the plate 84to shift the plate back and forth between a fully blocked position and the set position described in the prior paragraph. Normally flow of sand is arrested as the flask is moved to and away from its station 10.
  • a fixed, integral rim 118 which conforms substantially to the rim 72 on the flask chamber.
  • the rims 72, 118 abut and seal the flask chamber 66 with the flask chamber in operative position beneath the hopper.
  • a soft, enlarged gasket 120 is interposed between the rims 72, 118 and compressibly held captive therebetween.
  • the details of the apertures in the plates 82, 84 will be described relative to Figs. 4-10.
  • the first plate 82 is shown in Fig. 4 in relationship to one of the underlying pattern fingers 81.
  • Each aperture 122 is square and bounded by edges 124 having a length X.
  • the apertures 122 are arranged in rows with each row offset from the next adjacent row an equal distance both lengthwise of the rows and perpendicularly thereto.
  • Each of the apertures 222 is square with centers 126, corresponding in location to the centers 128 of the apertures 122 in the first plate 82.
  • the dimension of the edges 130 defining the apertures 222 is identified as Y in Fig. 5.
  • the length Y is slightly larger than the dimension X of the apertures 122 on plate 82.
  • Fig. 6 depicts the plates 82, 84 in juxtaposed relationship and with the apertures 122, 222 in partial registration. It can be seen that the edges 124, 130 are substantially parallel so that complete registration of the apertures 122 can be accomplished with the larger aperture 222 of the second plate.
  • the flow passage 132 defined by the registered apertures is adjustable between a fully blocked position and a completely registered position wherein the sand passage area is equal to the area of aperture 122, which is the smaller aperture.
  • the flow rate can be chosen according to need and is substantially uniform throughout the area beneath the plates.
  • Fig. 7 depicts an alternative construction to that in Fig. 5forthe second plate 84.
  • the apertures 322 are configured substantially identically to those in Fig. 5 and oriented in the same manner. However, three apertures immediately above the finger 81 are omitted so as to mask the region above the finger.
  • Figure 8 which shows the plates 82, 184 in operative, juxtaposed relationship, it can be seen that the flow will be substantially uniform and the same as that in Fig. 6 everywhere but at the blocked region at 134.
  • the sand Is distributed around the fingers and builds up progressively from the region around the finger towards the finger. While three apertures 322 are omitted in the Fig. 7 plate 184, any number may be eliminated depending on the particular configuration of the pattern.
  • the apertures 422 correspond in configuration and orientation to the apertures 222, 322 in Figs. 5 and 7 respectively.
  • smaller apertures 136 are substituted in their stead.
  • the apertures 136 have a defining edge dimension Z that is less than both X and Y in the previous constructions.
  • the relative positions of modified plate 284 in Fig. 9 and plate 82 in Fig. 4 is shown with the same in operative, juxtaposed relationship. It can be seen that the smallest apertures 136 is the limiting passage area and will account for a much smaller rate of flow over the fingers than will occur over the remainder of the flask. In the process, the fingers are protected from the heavy direct flow of sand, while build-up around the fingers occurs. The sand introduction other than over the fingers, can occur at a rapid rate.
  • a further aspect of the invention is the provision of independent vibratory means 138, 140, respectively on the supporting frame 98 associated with the hopper and the flask.
  • Both vibratory means are of a conventional construction and comprise a motor 142 having a drive shaft 144 carrying at its opposite ends eccentric weights 146.
  • the frame 98 is mounted for vibrational movement by providing integral ears 148 which are suspended on isolation springs 150 based on a support beam 150 spanning horizontally between upright columns 36.
  • the vibrational movement imparted by motor 142 is minimal compared with the vibration through motor 143.
  • the motor 142 establishes a quiver that prevents any hang-up of material above the plates 82, 84 associated with the sand distribution section.
  • the vibration imparted through motor 143 is primarily responsible for causing distribution of sand compactly about the pattern.
  • the vibration is sufficient to prevent hang-ups or bridging across deep crevices and intricate formations.
  • the sand distribution section and vibratory apparatus 140, 142 cooperate to assure that the sand is manageably delivered to the pattern and that the sand ultimately completely and compactly surrounds the pattern for an effective mold.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)

Abstract

Dans ce dispositif, une structure de distribution de sable (20) est placée entre une hotte d'alimentation en sable (16) et un châssis (48) comportant un modèle (70). La structure de distribution de sable comprend deux plaques juxtaposées (82, 84) ayant des ouvertures; ces plaques peuvent être réglées l'une par rapport à l'autre de façon à faire varier la coïncidence de leurs ouvertures (122, 222). Il est possible, en changeant les dimensions et les emplacements des ouvertures dans les plaques, de choisir le débit désiré et/ou de disperser sélectivement le sable sur le modèle.

Claims (9)

1. Dispositif pour fonderie du type comprenant un châssis (48) pour contenir du sable de moulage, une forme (70) associée au châssis, un moyen d'alimentation en sable (16) situé au-dessus de la forme pour amener du sable autour de la forme, et un moyen de distribution (20) pour intercepter le sable qui provient du moyen d'alimentation en sable, et comprenant une première plaque (82) et une seconde plaque (84), chacune comportant une pluralité d'.ouvertures (122, 222) espacées les unes des autres, ces plaques (82,84) étant montées ensemble de telle sorte que l'une puisse glisser sur la surface de l'autre, ce dispositif étant caractérisé en ce qu'une des plaques (82) comporte une première pluralité d'ouvertures (122) et en ce que l'autre plaque (84) comporte une seconde pluralité d'ouvertures (222), les première et seconde pluralités d'ouvertures pouvant être ajustées l'une par rapport à l'autre de manière à définir des zones de passage pour le sable qui peuvent être ajustées de façon à faire varier le débit d'écoulement du sable jusqu'à la forme et jusqu'au moule, ces zones de passage pour le sable étant irrégulièrement espacées les unes des autres ou dimensionnées différemment sur la surface des plaques de telle sorte que le sable puisse être dirigé sélectivement et de manière non uniforme sur la forme (70).
2. Dispositif pour fonderie selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un moyen de vibration (140) est associé au châssis (48) et est capable de vibrer le châssis afin de compacter le sable autour de la forme (70).
3. Dispositif pour fonderie selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que des moyens de refroidissement du sable (80) sont placés dans le moyen d'alimentation en sable (16) au-dessus de la forme afin de refroidir le sable avant qu'il ne traverse le moyen de distribution (20) pour aboutir au châssis (48).
4. Dispositif pour fonderie selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'un moyen (138) est prévu pour vibrer le moyen d'alimentation en sable (16) afin d'assurer un écoulement continu de sable au travers des plaques (82, 84).
5. Dispositif pour fonderie selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les ouvertures situées sur les première (82) et seconde (84) plaques sont toutes carrées et délimitées par quatre côtés, et chacun des côtés présents sur la première plaque (82) est parallèle au côté correspondant placé sur la seconde plaque (84), les plaques étant montées de manière à ce qu'elles interagissent l'une avec l'autre.
6. Dispositif pour fonderie selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les zones de passage pour le sable ne présentent pas une uniformité de dimension de telle sorte qu'un volume de sable plus grand puisse être dirigé au-dessus de certaines parties de la forme plutôt qu'au-dessus d'autres.
7. Dispositif pour fonderie selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la première plaque (82) est fixe et comporte une première pluralité d'ouvertures (122) espacées les unes des autres de manière sensiblement régulière, ces ouvertures occupant la surface de la plaque selon une disposition sensiblement uniforme, et en ce que la seconde plaque (84) comporte une seconde pluralité d'ouvertures (222) qui correspondent en nombre et en emplacement à la première pluralité d'ouvertures, au moins une des ouvertures de la seconde plaque (84) ayant une surface plus petite que les surfaces des autres ouvertures de la seconde plaque (84), et de ce fait, le volume de sable qui traverse chacune des ouvertures en recouvrement dans les première et seconde plaques est non uniforme.
8. Dispositif pour fonderie selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la première plaque (82) est fixe et comporte une première pluralité d'ouvertures (122) espacées les unes des autres de manière sensiblement régulière, ces ouvertures occupant la surface de la plaque selon une disposition sensiblement uniforme, et en ce que la seconde plaque (84) comporte une seconde pluralité d'ouvertures (222) qui correspondent généralement en emplacement aux ouvertures de la première plaque (82) mais qui sont inférieures en nombre de telle sorte qu'au moins une partie de la forme (70) soit masquée par rapport au sable qui s'écoule de manière directe depuis les plaques (82, 84).
9. Dispositif de fonderie selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'une des plaques (82) comporte une première pluralité d'ouvertures (122) espacées les unes des autres de manière régulière et en ce que la seconde plaque (84) comporte une seconde pluralité d'ouvertures (222) qui correspondent nettement en emplacement à la première pluralité d'ouvertures, et en ce que le moyen de montage des plaques assure une dispersion sensiblement uniforme du sable au-dessous des plaques selon une vitesse d'écoulement choisie qui dépend du degré de recouvrement des ouvertures considérées.
EP84904050A 1984-10-30 1984-10-30 Dispositif distributeur de sable pour fonderie Expired - Lifetime EP0199719B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1984/001738 WO1986002582A1 (fr) 1984-10-30 1984-10-30 Dispositif distributeur de sable pour fonderie

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0199719A1 EP0199719A1 (fr) 1986-11-05
EP0199719A4 EP0199719A4 (fr) 1988-08-29
EP0199719B1 true EP0199719B1 (fr) 1990-11-28

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84904050A Expired - Lifetime EP0199719B1 (fr) 1984-10-30 1984-10-30 Dispositif distributeur de sable pour fonderie

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EP (1) EP0199719B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS62500990A (fr)
DE (1) DE3483693D1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1986002582A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4784206A (en) * 1987-12-03 1988-11-15 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Sand vibration and compaction apparatus and method
US4860816A (en) * 1988-09-15 1989-08-29 General Kinematics Corporation Control system for vibratory apparatus
CN111842809B (zh) * 2020-08-13 2025-12-12 无锡锡南铸造机械股份有限公司 智能混砂机系统

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2636230A (en) * 1950-05-20 1953-04-28 Key Company Blow plate for core blowing machines
BE508903A (fr) * 1951-02-09
US2759229A (en) * 1951-11-29 1956-08-21 Pettibone Mulliken Corp Control mechanism for core blowers
US2761186A (en) * 1952-04-24 1956-09-04 Edwin F Peterson Blow tube for core blowing machine
US2789325A (en) * 1953-03-05 1957-04-23 Dodge Steel Company Core blowing apparatus
US3170202A (en) * 1962-08-22 1965-02-23 Sr William J Huston Foundry process
US3446265A (en) * 1966-05-17 1969-05-27 Eaton Yale & Towne Process for making permanently backed shell molds
GB1460562A (en) * 1974-02-01 1977-01-06 Jacob H Regenerating particulate mould materials

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1986002582A1 (fr) 1986-05-09
EP0199719A4 (fr) 1988-08-29
DE3483693D1 (de) 1991-01-10
EP0199719A1 (fr) 1986-11-05
JPH0581343B2 (fr) 1993-11-12
JPS62500990A (ja) 1987-04-23

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