EP0200754B1 - Grand conteneur pour materiaux coulables, pateux et boueux - Google Patents

Grand conteneur pour materiaux coulables, pateux et boueux Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0200754B1
EP0200754B1 EP85905333A EP85905333A EP0200754B1 EP 0200754 B1 EP0200754 B1 EP 0200754B1 EP 85905333 A EP85905333 A EP 85905333A EP 85905333 A EP85905333 A EP 85905333A EP 0200754 B1 EP0200754 B1 EP 0200754B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
container according
container
textile
side wall
textile material
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85905333A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0200754A1 (fr
Inventor
Dietrich August Hermann Kirchner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TEXBAU KIRCHNER GMBH
Original Assignee
TEXBAU KIRCHNER GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by TEXBAU KIRCHNER GmbH filed Critical TEXBAU KIRCHNER GmbH
Priority to AT85905333T priority Critical patent/ATE45552T1/de
Publication of EP0200754A1 publication Critical patent/EP0200754A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0200754B1 publication Critical patent/EP0200754B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D88/00—Large containers
    • B65D88/16—Large containers flexible
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/02—Wall construction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a large container for holding pourable, pasty and mud-shaped materials, which has essentially the shape of an upright cylinder and in which the side wall consists of textile material.
  • a large container of the type mentioned also has a side wall made of textile material.
  • the support structure essentially only has the task of opening the container while it is still empty. Because of the limited thickness of the textile material, which essentially has to absorb the forces when the container is full, the container can obviously only be of a relatively small size; an example is a height of 1.20 m and a diameter of 3 m.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a large container which can have larger dimensions and is particularly suitable for the more cost-effective and space-saving processing of sludge and silt into landfills or for use in pouring concrete.
  • the solution according to the invention is that the textile material is reinforced with fabric reinforcements, which are arranged diagonally to the directions of weft and warp, and in the lower area consists of several superimposed textile layers, which are wound and connected to each other, and that in the lower area more Textile layers are provided as in the upper area.
  • the fabric reinforcements which are aligned diagonally to the directions of the weft and warp, ensure that the container can no longer warp asymmetrically. It can therefore be built very large even without complex permanent support structures.
  • the container at least in the lower area, consists of a plurality of textile material webs lying on top of one another, which are wound on one another and connected to one another. These multiple layers take into account the fact that the hydrostatic pressure of the stored material is greater at the bottom, which also leads to a greater tensile force on the textile material.
  • the graded thickness of the container walls corresponds to the forces that occur.
  • Stable textile materials suitable for the container according to the invention are, for example, the geotextiles which serve to stabilize floor structures. So far, however, these geotextiles have normally been laid out more or less flatly, so that they are embedded in the ground to form a reinforcement of the soil. It is the merit of the invention to have recognized for the first time that even upright large containers can be created with the help of this textile material. The invention overcomes the prejudice that this material is not suitable for walls of large containers due to the considerable forces that occur.
  • textile fabrics can be used as the textile material.
  • the finished container with its filling, apart from the textile material requires no further supports; the content of the textile material is kept in the container shape. So the container is very cheap.
  • the textile material is suspended from a support structure before it is completely filled, since only in this way can appropriately large containers be obtained.
  • the side walls made of textile material are arranged essentially upright, a particularly large amount of material can be stored in a small space in the large containers. In many cases, however, at least some walls will be provided that are not upright, but are arranged at an angle. For example, if you want one Pour a dam, a dyke or the like from concrete, which must be beveled at least on one side so that the waves can run out here, so the corresponding formwork for pouring the concrete can be formed with the help of the large container according to the invention with textile walls, the front textile wall then has the desired inclination of the front surface of the dam or dike. Of course, a rear surface of the dam or dyke can also be inclined, although more or less upright walls will often be used here to save space.
  • the container in order to form such a dam or dyke, can be constructed from several sections, the side wall made of textile material having several regions, which form partial surfaces of cylinder jackets.
  • Mud landfills can also be built in this way.
  • a particularly simple container is characterized in that it is essentially circular cylindrical. Of course, you can also set up such containers next to each other.
  • the support structure can be removed when the container is filled and the material inside has settled.
  • the support structure advantageously has removable steel poles and steel cables, which can then be used inexpensively for the construction of a new container after dismantling.
  • the textile material remains in place. If several containers have been arranged next to one another for a landfill and the spaces between containers have also been filled with the material to be deposited, the textile material remaining in the deposited material fulfills the purpose of permanent soil stabilization or stabilization of the deposited material.
  • the steel masts in the lower region are provided with downward-pointing thorns, hooks or the like for holding edge parts of the container, then when the steel masts are driven into the ground, the thorns, hooks or the like become the textile material here hold tight.
  • the mandrel, hook or the like releases the textile material; so you don't have to have the textile material in the edge area. dig out and laboriously break the connection.
  • hollow bodies with flexible walls that can be filled with pressurized fluid are provided in addition to the steel cables and steel masts as a support structure or instead of these steel cables and steel masts as a support element.
  • the hollow body can be essentially vertically closed tube sections closed at the ends. If these initially flaccid tube sections are filled with pressurized fluid (for example water or compressed air), they form more or less rigid supports which hold the container wall up until the container is filled.
  • pressurized fluid for example water or compressed air
  • hollow bodies in zigzag form are diagonally arranged to the weft and chain and are closed tube sections at the ends, this results in a further increase in stability.
  • the hollow bodies or tube sections can be provided on the inside of the textile side wall. In this case the following advantageous effect can also be achieved.
  • the pressure fluid is pressed out of the lower parts of the hose section as the container is gradually filled, thus expanding the upper part Part of the hose sections and stiffen them. This supports the upper edge of a partially filled container well. In the case of mud landfills, the remaining support structures could then be removed after the container has been filled once. If the filling level drops as a result of partial dewatering of the sludge, the upper part of the rim, which is now exposed, does not collapse, but remains upright, so that further sludge can be refilled at any time, depending on the decrease in the surface of the amount of sludge already filled.
  • Any type of support structure with which the entire container must be clamped before filling is not only complex and expensive, but must also be dimensioned stably. This is less necessary to keep the relatively low weight of the textile wall, but rather to be able to withstand considerable wind pressures in the assembled state before filling. All of these problems can be eliminated, in particular when filling with detergents, and a substantial reduction in cost and simplification can be achieved if the side wall is provided with buoyancy bodies at its upper edge.
  • the container which has been prepared in the factory, is placed flat with its bottom part on the correspondingly prepared base.
  • the textile wall is folded accordingly, placed from the edge of the floor towards the center on the floor, so that a corresponding opening remains in the middle, at the edge of which the buoyancy bodies are provided, which are connected to the upper edge of the side wall. If you now fill in flushing material, the floats lift off the floor and, as the degree of filling increases, span the wall more and more.
  • the side wall itself is designed to be buoyant (for example by appropriate treatment of the fabric or inclusion or attachment of air cushion mats and the like).
  • buoyancy bodies are not only very simple, it also does not require any assembly personnel for masts, wire ropes and the like on site.
  • the wind pressure also no longer poses a problem, since the container is only exposed to winds to the extent that it is already upright as a result of filling. The corresponding part of the container will be sufficiently held against the wind by the filled material.
  • the floor consists of a textile mat that is connected at its edge to the cylindrical wall.
  • This textile mat has essentially similar functions to the known geotextiles; it should transfer the pressure of an overlying layer of material in a suitable manner to the base.
  • the container will have a slightly larger diameter in the lower area than it originally had and will also retain it in the upper area. So that the connection between the floor reinforcement mat and the side wall is not destroyed in the floor area, it is advantageously provided that expansion folds with predetermined tear seams are provided in the vicinity of the connection point mat-wall.
  • the diameter which decreases from bottom to top has the further advantage that the horizontal hydrostatic and earth pressure forces of the filled material have an upward component, by means of which the wall material is also pressed upwards. In this case, the corresponding lifting of the wall material is not brought about solely by the buoyancy elements.
  • the support structure can be arranged outside the container.
  • the container has a central support to which, for example, a tent-like roof can be attached.
  • This roof can be used to prevent the material from getting wet due to rain, which can be particularly important with sludge to be dried.
  • the sludge is poured into the middle of the container from above, for example, it will have a slightly sloping surface towards the edge of the container, which is further promoted by the fact that the sludge level in the edge area drops more quickly due to drainage through the textile material.
  • Some of the rainwater runs off on this "natural roof", so that it may be possible to do without the tent-like roof, which of course makes construction easier.
  • the container is double-walled with an intermediate space for receiving material between the walls.
  • concrete rings and the like can be produced if the container is first filled with concrete up to the inner wall with sand and then between the inner wall and the outer wall. After the concrete has set, the sand is then removed from the inner container.
  • connection of the different fabric layers, if several lie on top of each other, or the fabric wall with the fabric reinforcements can be made in different ways.
  • the fabric could be held between plates with the aid of rivets, the rivets being pushed through the textile material with careful displacement of the individual threads so that no threads break.
  • These rivets provide a particularly tensile connection in some places.
  • the rivet connection is further improved if the fabric layers or textile layers lying one above the other are soaked with an adhesive, PES casting resin or the like before riveting. The layers soaked are then pressed together between the plates, which are then riveted together. In this way, a particularly secure and high tensile strength connection is obtained, which transmits all the forces occurring in the textile layers to one another.
  • the fabric layers and / or fabric reinforcements can also be connected to one another by sewing, gluing, welding or possibly combinations of these methods.
  • the height of the container is between 2 and 8 m, in particular between 4 and 6 m.
  • a plurality of containers are built on the bottom 1 on a surface which is delimited by a protective wall 2 and a trench 3.
  • the containers consist of circular-cylindrical webs of textiles, in particular textile fabrics 4, which are spanned by corresponding support structures. These support structures have masts 6, ground anchors 7 and 8 wire ropes.
  • the textile material is partially multi-layered.
  • only one material layer 5a is provided, on the outside of which a reinforcement shown in FIG.
  • a further layer of the same or a similar material 5b is applied to the bottom two thirds of the textile web; the connection is made by riveting, welding, gluing or the like.
  • This textile web 5b is laid down at the bottom to form a tubular bead 10 and led up again, where it forms the third layer at 5c in the bottom third.
  • the bead 10 can be filled with sand, for example, in order to hold the textile fabric on the floor.
  • another textile layer 11 is inserted at the edge area, which forms a floor reinforcement mat.
  • the floor mat 11 Since the container will expand more radially in the lower area than in the upper area as a result of the hydrostatic pressure, the floor mat 11 has expansion folds in the edge area with predetermined tear seams, which is denoted by (B) at 12.
  • the outermost textile layer is the one that runs from the top to the bottom.
  • the innermost textile layer is the one that runs from top to bottom, i.e. the additional layers in the lower area are applied on the outside, since the horizontal seams between the individual layers are stressed considerably less due to the hydrostatic internal pressure.
  • FIG. 4 shows schematically in FIG. 4, in which the individual textile layers are also constructed from a single textile blank 5, which is step-like. The cut is shown at (A); at (B) the finished wall.
  • This wall is expediently already manufactured and sewn, riveted and the like in a factory hall or the like, since this is very difficult or not possible at the construction site because of the wind prevailing there. 4 also shows that the individual layers overlap at 35. With these overlaps 35, they can be connected to one another particularly well by large-area riveting and the like, so that the risk of cracking can be avoided.
  • These overlaps can also be provided for single-layer textile walls.
  • FIG. 1 shows the textile reinforcement 9 already mentioned, which can be fastened to the textile web 5 at 13, for example, with rivets arranged at intervals.
  • the textile materials can be held together by metal plates in order to distribute the forces over a larger area.
  • the reinforcing fabric can still be sewn on or attached in some other way, as indicated by the dashed line.
  • FIG. 6 shows a detail on the support piles 6, namely a downwardly directed hook 14 which engages in a corresponding loop, a fastening rope 15 or the like for textile wall 5 and floor reinforcement mat 11. This ensures that the container remains stable against wind influences even before the material is filled. If the support structure is then removed after the container has been filled, that is to say the support post is also pulled out, the hook 14 is automatically released from the fastening rope or the like 15, so that the connection does not have to be separated at great expense here.
  • FIGS. 7 to 9 show the containers of FIGS. 1 and 2 after the filled material 16 has settled.
  • the support structures could be removed.
  • the material cylinders arranged next to one another in this way are now provided with an embankment by means of, for example, bulldozers at 17, in that the part 17 shown in dashed lines in FIG is pushed to fill the space between adjacent material cylinders 16.
  • you will first have to cut the textile material along the dashed line on the cylinder wall.
  • a dam is obtained which has a continuous slope 18 on one side.
  • further sludge can then be introduced behind the dam, which can also drain here.
  • the process can be started again on the newly formed floor surface in such a way that several layers of the material can be deposited on top of one another.
  • Fig. 10 is shown in cross section from above the case that two containers according to the invention are arranged concentrically to each other.
  • the container also has an inner wall 25.
  • the inner container thus formed inside the wall 25 can be filled with sand or gravel 19, for example. You can then pour in 20 concrete. After the concrete has set, the concrete rings 20 shown in FIG. 11 are then obtained after the sand 19 has been removed from the interior of the concrete rings.
  • FIG. 12 shows a particularly simple type of container with its textile wall 25, which is also filled with gravel 19.
  • the textile wall 25 was suspended from a central pole 21 with the aid of wire ropes 8 and a ring 22.
  • the sludge or silt can be introduced between the wall 25 and the outer container wall 5, which can then not only drain outwards through the textile material, but also inwards through the gravel material 19.
  • FIG. 13 shows another type of container according to the invention, which consists of several sections 36. These sections 36 correspond to juxtaposed cylinders. The width of the sections 36 can be approximately half as large as the diameter of the cylinder.
  • FIG. 13 (at (B) is a plan view, at (A) a section along the line A-A is shown), a textile web 5 is arranged between support piles 6. After filling, the textile web 5 will press outwards between two adjacent support posts 6, so that the shape shown in the figure is adopted, whereby this shape can of course already be prepared by the suspension wires 8. Normally after the filling, the support piles 6 will have to stop, unless one arranges several such containers next to one another and also fills the spaces with material. Of course, the pillars do not have to stop when you fill the container with concrete, for example to create a dam. In this case, the pillars 6 and the rest of the support structure could be removed after the concrete has hardened. The textile material then disintegrates more or less automatically depending on the material selected due to the chemical effect of the concrete or sunlight.
  • FIG 14 shows another embodiment of a container according to the invention in the unfilled state.
  • the container is simply placed flat on the appropriately prepared base 1, its base 11 resting on this base 1.
  • the side wall 5 is folded inwards so that it forms an outer ring area on the bottom 11. The resulting folds are fixed, for example, by predetermined breaking seams.
  • the side wall 5 is provided with buoyancy bodies 26, which in this embodiment have a cylindrical shape.
  • the buoyancy bodies 26 float on the filling material and gradually erect the side wall 5, as is shown in FIG. 15 progressively from A to E with increasing filling level.
  • the side walls 5 are stretched; the previously planned folds open by destroying the predetermined breaking seams.
  • the floating bodies 26 move away from one another with increasing circumference of their circular line on which they are arranged.
  • the predetermined breaking seam 12 at the bottom also opens gradually, so that the container gradually becomes larger in diameter as the filling level increases, as is also shown in FIG. 15.
  • the buoyancy bodies 26 can be held in place by textile straps 27 or the like, which can then be opened after the container has been filled, so that the floating bodies 26 can be removed and reused at another location.
  • textile straps 27 or the like can then be opened after the container has been filled, so that the floating bodies 26 can be removed and reused at another location.
  • a tubular element 28 is shown in FIG. 16, which can be arranged vertically and can be provided instead of or in addition to the floating bodies 26 (in each case between two floating bodies 26). If this tubular element 28 is filled with compressed air or pressurized water or another fluid, it forms a support structure for holding the wall until the container is filled.
  • Such a tubular element 28 is shown on the right in FIG. 16, which was only partially filled with fluid, in particular a liquid, so that it is initially limp. With increasing degree of filling through the material 16, the water or the other fluid is then compressed in the lower region of the hose 28, so that the hose is expanded above the filling compound 16 and thereby becomes more or less rigid, so that it is the side wall 5 here Support structure can span in the upper edge area.
  • fluid in particular a liquid
  • the container according to the invention very advantageously enables the storage and drying of sludge or silt. If you first fill the container with silt and then refill silt (at ever shorter intervals), if the level has dropped due to drainage, you can achieve much faster than before that the originally introduced silt essentially only takes up a third of its volume and completely fills the container. Taking into account the fact that the silt can be brought to higher landfill heights completely without risk, there is a considerable reduction in the space requirement compared to the previously known methods as a result of the elimination of the previously required pre-drying on large landfill sites. In addition, decisive costs are saved since the silt can remain after drying; it does not have to be moved to another site for final storage after drying.
  • the container according to the invention can also be used for pouring concrete.
  • textiles with very different water permeability are available can be exploited, so that the setting of the concrete can be controlled in a targeted manner.
  • the water tightness can be increased, for example, by using nonwovens.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Revetment (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

De grands conteneurs et un procédé de conservation de matériaux coulables, pâteux et boueux se caractérisent par le fait que l'on utilise des parois latérales (5) en matériaux textiles. Les conteneurs sont particulièrement utiles pour l'égouttage et la décharge de dépôts limoneux et pour le coulage de constructions en béton. Des structures de support (6, 7, 8) qui soutiennent le matériau textile (5) avant le remplissage peuvent être retirées une fois que les conteneurs sont complètement remplis.

Claims (19)

1. Grand réservoir destiné à recevoir des matières en vrac, pâteuses et boueuses (16, 19, 20), qui a sensiblement la forme d'un cylindre placé debout en dont la paroi latérale est faite de matière textile (5, 25), caractérisé en ce que la matière textile (5, 25) est renforcée par des armatures en tissu (9) qui sont orientées en diagonale par rapport aux directions de trame et de chaîne, en ce qu'elle se compose, dans la région inférieure, de plusieurs couches textiles superposées qui sont enroulées l'une sur l'autre et unies l'une à l'autre, et en ce qu'il est prévu, dans la région inférieure, plus de couches textiles que dans la région supérieure.
2. Réservoir selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la matière textile est faite de tissus textiles.
3. Réservoir selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la matière textile (5, 25) est maintenue par une construction d'étayage (6, 7, 8, 28) avant le remplissage complet du réservoir.
4. Réservoir selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce qu'il est constitué par plusieurs parties, la paroi latérale en matière textile présentant plusieurs régions qui forment les surfaces partielles d'enveloppes cylindriques.
5. Réservoir selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la construction d'étayage comporte des mâts démontables en acier (6) et des câbles d'acier (8).
6. Réservoir selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les mâts en acier (6) sont munis, dans la région inférieure, de goujons, de crochets (14) ou similaires pour retenir des parties du bord (15) du réservoir.
7. Réservoir selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que la construction d'étayage comporte des corps creux (28) à parois flexibles qui peuvent être remplis de fluide sous pression.
8. Réservoir selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les corps creux (28) sont des morceaux de tuyau flexible fermés aux extrémités et disposés en direction sensiblement verticale.
9. Réservoir selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les corps creux (28) sont des morceaux de tuyau flexible fermés aux extrémités, disposés en zigzag par rapport à la trame et à la chaîne.
10. Réservoir selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la paroi latérale (5) est munie, sur son bord supérieur, de corps flottants (26).
11. Réservoir selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que la paroi latérale (5) est réalisée sous forme flottable.
12. Réservoir selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé en ce que le fond est constitué par une nappe textile non tissée (11) qui est unie à la paroi latérale (5, 25) par son bord.
13. Réservoir selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que des plis d'extension (12) avec des coutures destinées à se rompre sont prévus à proximité de la région d'assemblage entre nappe non tissée et paroi latérale.
14. Réservoir selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 ou 5 à 13, caractérisé en ce qu'il présente un support central (21).
15. Réservoir selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce qu'il est muni d'un toit semblable à une tente.
16. Réservoir selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce qu'il est réalisé à double paroi avec un intervalle (20) propre à recevoir un matériau entre les parois (5,25).
17. Réservoir selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisé en ce que les couches de tissu sont assemblées par rivetage (en 13) sans endommagement des fils individuels.
18. Réservoir selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3 ou 5 à 17, caractérisé en ce qu'il a un diamètre compris entre 10 et 50 m, en particulier entre 20 et 30 m.
19. Réservoir selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 18, caractérisé en ce qu'il a une hauteur comprise entre 2 et 8 m, en particulier entre 4 et 6 m.
EP85905333A 1984-10-29 1985-10-28 Grand conteneur pour materiaux coulables, pateux et boueux Expired EP0200754B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85905333T ATE45552T1 (de) 1984-10-29 1985-10-28 Grossbehaelter fuer schuettfaehige, pastoese und schlammfoermige materialien.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3439574 1984-10-29
DE19843439574 DE3439574A1 (de) 1984-10-29 1984-10-29 Grossbehaelter fuer schuettfaehige, pastoese und schlammfoermige materialien und verwendungsverfahren fuer dieselben

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0200754A1 EP0200754A1 (fr) 1986-11-12
EP0200754B1 true EP0200754B1 (fr) 1989-08-16

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EP85905333A Expired EP0200754B1 (fr) 1984-10-29 1985-10-28 Grand conteneur pour materiaux coulables, pateux et boueux

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Country Link
US (1) US4813200A (fr)
EP (1) EP0200754B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS62500654A (fr)
DE (2) DE3439574A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1986002620A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS62500654A (ja) 1987-03-19
WO1986002620A1 (fr) 1986-05-09
DE3439574A1 (de) 1986-05-07
DE3572340D1 (en) 1989-09-21
EP0200754A1 (fr) 1986-11-12
US4813200A (en) 1989-03-21

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