Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D17/00—Detergent materials or soaps characterised by their shape or physical properties
  • C11D17/0047—Detergents in the form of bars or tablets
  • C11D17/0052—Cast detergent compositions
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/02—Inorganic compounds ; Elemental compounds
  • C11D3/04—Water-soluble compounds
  • C11D3/08—Silicates
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/395—Bleaching agents
  • C11D3/3955—Organic bleaching agents

Definitions

• Solid detergents for automatic dishwashing are mainly used in powder or Granular form (agglomerates) offered.
• the individual particles of these agents have a preferred diameter between 0.01 and 3 mm.
• a serious disadvantage of this type of solid cleaning agents, especially those used in the field of large-scale commercial use with a content of 10 to 60% by weight of alkali metal hydroxides, is that, due to the hygroscopicity of individual raw materials, small amounts of moisture have a strong tendency to Baked or clumped.
• a disadvantage is the use of cleaning agents which tend to clump or cake when exposed to moisture, in particular in automatic, stocking dosing devices which are used in large numbers in the area of large-scale commercial use of single-tank and multi-tank dishwashers.
• cleaning agents which tend to clump or cake when exposed to moisture
• the only remedy is to prevent the entry of moisture into the storage container - which, however, cannot be guaranteed in a damp kitchen atmosphere or after cleaning the device with water without special drying of the parts of the storage container and the dosing device.
• the clumping or caking of alkaline cleaning agents can be avoided, inter alia, by producing them in block form from the outset and packaging, distributing and using them in a moisture-proof manner.
• EP-PS 3 769 describes detergent containers, in particular for machine dishwashing, which contain solid detergent blocks, made from water and two solid constituents, at least one of which is an alkaline hydratable compound and are only open at one point then the detergent is rinsed out by the water flow in the washing machine. If these cleaning agents are to contain active chlorine compounds in addition to alkali hydroxide, which are necessary for the removal of bleachable soiling, such as, for. B. tea, coffee, fruit juices, etc. are considered, these must preferably be introduced as preformed Keme during the solidification of the detergent in the still soft mass. In order to better protect the chlorine carrier, the core should still be coated either with paraffin or with a wax-like mono- and dialkyl ester of polyphosphoric acid.
• Example 13 shows that a direct addition of the active chlorine-releasing compound to the melt mass leads to a high loss of active chlorine within 24 hours.
• the chlorine carriers investigated were Ca (OCI)., LiOCI and Na dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate. Depending on the chlorine carrier, residual chlorine activities between only 3.5 and 17.4% of the initial value were determined.
• the object was therefore to find ways of introducing active chlorine carriers into block-shaped cleaning agents in the most homogeneous distribution possible in the presence of alkali metal hydroxides.
• detergent formulations should also be developed which correspond to the current state of common powder or granular products for commercial dishwashers.
• alkali hydroxide-containing, melt-block-like agents for machine cleaning of dishes have already been described, which by mixing with all other alkaline-reacting active substances such as. B. sodium silicates and pentasodium triphosphate and optionally water, if the preferred water of hydration of the compounds mentioned is not sufficient, and then mildly heating the mixture with stirring to 90 to 100 ° C until reaching a uniformly molten mass and pouring it into molds and allowing it to solidify Crystal aggregate were manufactured.
• a possible content of these - melt block-like agents in compounds containing active chlorine has not been mentioned there.
• the invention now relates to alkali hydroxide-containing, melt-block-shaped, homogeneous and storage-stable agents for the mechanical cleaning of dishes containing alkali silicates and water, preferably as water of crystallization, and optionally pentaalkali nitride phosphate with a further content of active chlorine-releasing compounds.
• alkali hydroxide potassium and, for reasons of price, preferably sodium hydroxide are suitable, which are preferably in solid form, i.e. H. as flakes, flakes or prills, practically anhydrous or as a monohydrate.
• the amounts used are 2 to 70, preferably 5 to 50% by weight, anhydrous, based on the total composition.
• Alkali silicates in particular are alkali metal silicates, namely water-free, but advantageously in the form of sodium metasilicate. 9 H 2 0, sodium metasilicate. 6 H 2 0 and sodium metasilicate. 5 H 2 0 used.
• the amounts used in the particular form are 2 to 60, preferably 5 to 50,% by weight, based on the total composition.
• the alkali metal silicates can also be partially or completely replaced by water glass solutions, the ratio of Na 2 0: Si0 2 being 1: 1 to 1: 4, preferably 1: 2 to 1: 3.5. Because of the higher silicate content of the water glass, its solutions are used in amounts of 2 to 30, preferably 5 to 15% by weight, based on the total agent.
• An addition of 2 to 50, preferably 5 to 45% by weight, anhydrous, based on the total composition, of pentaalkali metal triphosphate, which is used as a hexahydrate or as a mixture of hexahydrate with small amounts of anhydrous pentasodium triphosphate, has also proven advantageous that a total water content of 5.5 moles is calculated. However, it can also be used without water, depending on the total water content of the other components.
• They are in amounts of 0.2 to 4, preferably from 0.5 to 2 wt .-%, based on the active chlorine content, the z. B. to be determined by iodometric titration, and the entire mean used.
• the total water content of the - melt block-shaped cleaning agents from dense crystal aggregates is 10 to 40, preferably 15 to 30 wt .-%. It is preferably introduced by the crystal water content of the alkaline reacting substances, but possibly also via water glass solutions. The calculations of the water content must therefore be based on these compounds.
• the alkali silicate is first anhydrous, as a metasilicate hydrate and / or as a water glass solution, alone or together heated to 45 to 65 ° C with solid alkali metal hydroxide or its monohydrate, without influencing the automatic heating to 60 to 65 ° C which occurs, then with stirring or kneading, all other, preferably hydrate-containing constituents, of which lastly, at tempera doors from 50 to 65 ° C, preferably from 55 to 63 ° C, pentasodium triphosphate and / or its hexahydrate and the active chlorine-releasing compound, which still pours liquid melt into any shape, preferably flexible, and solidifies it into blocks.
• the solidification process takes a few minutes to about an hour depending on the size of the mold.
• the melting blocks are very hard, hard or less hard, but in any case consistently and thoroughly composed and quickly soluble when used.
• the cast melting bodies had a weight of 25 to 30 g. They were stored in the laboratory and the active chlorine content (A-Cl) was determined in a known manner after appropriate times.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
• Cleaning Or Drying Semiconductors (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

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ID=6271986

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Cited By (6)

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• 1985
  • 1985-05-30 DE DE19853519355 patent/DE3519355A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1986
  • 1986-05-22 DE DE8686106948T patent/DE3677058D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1986-05-22 EP EP86106948A patent/EP0203526B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1986-05-22 AT AT86106948T patent/ATE60355T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1986-05-29 US US06/868,821 patent/US4729845A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime

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