EP0208249A1 - Chariots de four - Google Patents

Chariots de four Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0208249A1
EP0208249A1 EP86108992A EP86108992A EP0208249A1 EP 0208249 A1 EP0208249 A1 EP 0208249A1 EP 86108992 A EP86108992 A EP 86108992A EP 86108992 A EP86108992 A EP 86108992A EP 0208249 A1 EP0208249 A1 EP 0208249A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
refractory
columns
base
members
structure according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86108992A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0208249B1 (fr
Inventor
John Elliott
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Acme Marls Ltd
Original Assignee
Acme Marls Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Acme Marls Ltd filed Critical Acme Marls Ltd
Publication of EP0208249A1 publication Critical patent/EP0208249A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0208249B1 publication Critical patent/EP0208249B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D5/00—Supports, screens or the like for the charge within the furnace
    • F27D5/0006—Composite supporting structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/12—Travelling or movable supports or containers for the charge
    • F27D3/123—Furnace cars

Definitions

  • This invention relates to kiln cars of the type employed for carrying articles of ceramic ware through a kiln during a firing process.
  • Such kiln cars normally comprise a non-refractory trolley which supports a refractory structure including at least a base which protects the trolley and carries the ware to be fired, the latter often being supported on a refractory superstructure which is built up on the base.
  • the superstructure incorporates a vertical wall running along the longitudinal centre line of the kiln car.
  • Vertical members are secured to such central wall at spaced longitudinal intervals and extend outwardly in mutually parallel relation to define bays for the reception of removable shelves on supporting ledges.carried by the vertical members.
  • This arrangement has the disadvantage that the central wall divides the car into two lateral zones, so that loading of the bats has to be carried out from opposite sides of the kiln car. Where mechanised loading is employed, this requires the use of either two sets of loading apparatus, or specially designed loading apparatus which can serve both sides of the kiln car either simultaneously or in sequence. However, such apparatus is undesirably costly and may often be too bulky for practical use.
  • the superstructure includes superposed column elements which are interconnected by fixed horizontal shelves and also afford vertically spaced supports for additional, removable shelves. Whilst this arrangement is such that loading may be carried out from only one side of the kiln car, it is not well suited to mechanical loading since the fixed shelves cannot effectively be utilised to support ware, unless hand-loaded. Additionally, the minium clearance which must be available beneath a removable shelf in order to accommodate supporting parts of the loading mechanism causes a relatively large volume of space above such fixed shelves to be unused, thereby significantly reducing the load carrying capacity of the refractory superstructure.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a refractory structure for a kiln car which affords an improvement over such prior proposals in one or more respects.
  • a refractory structure for a kiln car may include one or more of the following features:-
  • a preferred embodiment of ware-supporting refractory structure for a kiln car comprises a hollow refractory base 10 which supports a refractory superstructure 30 adapted to carry a plurality of removable rectangular ware-carrying bats or shelves 50.
  • the base 10 is of rectangular form and incorporates refractory socket members 11 at the corners, together with further socket members 12 intermediate the corners, and two additional socket members 13 arranged on the longitudinal centre line of the base.
  • the socket members are carried by three longitudinally extending metal straps 14, each having four upright, tubular metal posts 15 secured thereto.
  • the posts 15 enter into respective apertures 16, 16a of corresponding sectional shape which preferably extend through the entire height of the socket members from end-to-end thereof as shown.
  • the posts 15 and apertures 16, 16a are most conveniently of square shape in cross-section, as are the socket members 11, 12 and 13, although other appropriate shapes could be employed.
  • the socket members are formed with vertically extending external grooves 17 which serve to locate the edges of pairs of refractory panels 18 and 19 which collectively form the lateral walls of the base 10.
  • An outwardly extending baffle 20 is formed by laterally projecting refractory plates which are assembled between the panels 18 and 19 for the purpose of obstructing the transmission of radiant energy downwardly from the interior of the kiln around the outside of the base towards a metal trolley (not shown) on which the refractory structure is carried through the kiln.
  • the interior of the base 10 is filled with insulating blocks 21 covered by a layer of insulating material 22, so that the whole construction is of relatively light weight and low thermal mass.
  • socket members 11, 12 and 13 extend over substantially the entire thickness of the base 10. At their upper ends, the socket members support a plurality of cover plates 23 which close the top of the base.
  • each socket member 11, 12, 13 extend upwardly from the lower end of each socket member 11, 12, 13 over a major part of its height so as to locate the socket members not only against lateral movement, but also effectively to restrain them from rocking about their lower ends.
  • the apertures 16, 16a are not positioned centrally of the square section socket members, but in the case of the corner socket members 11 the apertures 16 are offset towards one corner of the member, whilst in the case of the side socket members 12, and the central socket members 13, the apertures 16a are offset towards one side.
  • This arrangement enables each socket member to afford a further similar aperture 24, 25 which extends parallel to the aperture 16, 16a respectively through substantially the full height of the socket member, and hence throughout substantially the full thickness of the base 10.
  • the corner socket members 11 are formed with open-ended through-apertures 24 arranged in the corners of the socket members diagonally opposed to the corners at which the apertures 16 are formed, whilst the side and central socket members 11 and 12 are formed with open-ended through-apertures 25 which are arranged adjacent to the side of the members opposite to that at which the apertures 16a are formed.
  • the apertures 24 and 25 are conveniently of square shape in section, although other sectional shapes could be employed.
  • the socket members 11 and 12 are assembled on the straps 14 in such a way that the through-apertures 24 and 25 are disposed outwardly of the corresponding posts 15 on which the socket members are located. In this way the through apertures 24 and 25 are as close as possible to the corners and outer edges of the base 10 respectively.
  • Each aperture 24, 25 receives the lower end portion of a column 31 forming part of the superstructure 30.
  • the columns 31 may be of one-piece construction, but in the illustrated embodiment in accordance with a preferred feature of the invention they are of composite construction, including a substantially full-height inner member 32 which is conveniently formed as a length of thick-walled square section ceramic tube of dimensions adapted to fit closely within the apertures 24, 25. In this way, the lower end of each inner member 32 rests on the metal straps 14 and is supported by the corresponding socket member 11, 12, 13 over a length corresponding substantially to the entire thickness of the base 10 so as to provide maximum support.
  • the inner members 32 in the illustrated embodiment each carry a plurality of superposed outer members, as illustrated comprising alternate spacers in the form of sleeves 33 and shelf support members in the form of collars 34.
  • the sleeves each consist of lengths of square section ceramic tube, whilst the collars 34 are of generally plate-like form with a square aperture to receive the inner member 32.
  • the collars 34 project laterally relative to the ends of the sleeves 33 so as to afford lugs 39 on which the shelves 50 may be supported.
  • the collars 34 are of generally rectangular shape in plan view, although other shapes could be adopted.
  • the lugs 39 are afforded by collars 34 which are structurally separate from the sleeves 33, it will be appreciated that the sleeves could be formed with integral lugs so that no separate collars would then be required. Likewise, whilst in the illustrated embodiment the lugs are separate from the inner member 32, it will be appreciated that the columns 31 could have the lugs integrally formed thereon so that neither the sleeves nor the collars are required.
  • each column carries a respective top member which incorporates one or more upstanding projections which enter into corresponding recesses formed at the underside of the top plates 38.
  • the columns 31 at the corners of the superstructure carry top members 35 including a single projection 35a which engages in a corresponding recess at the corner of the top plate supported by the corner column.
  • the columns 31 intermediate the corners carry top members 36 which include a pair of projections 36a arranged to engage in recesses afforded at adjacent corners of the two adjoining top plates supported by such columns.
  • the two central columns 31 carry top members 37 which afford four projections (not shown) to engage in respective recesses at the adjacent corners of the four adjoining top plates supported by those columns.
  • top members 35, 36, 37 could, like the collars 34, be formed with square apertures to locate on the inner member 32 of the column 31, in a preferred arrangement the inner member 32, whilst extending over substantially the full height of the assembly of sleeves and collars, terminates at its upper end at a position spaced slightly below the upper end of the uppermost sleeve 33 so that the latter affords a shallow socket for the reception of a square-shaped projection 35b, 36b, 37b at the underside of the corresponding top member.
  • the top member could be formed with a smaller downward projection adapted to enter the end of the inner member 32, when the latter is of tubular form, although the inner member could be made from solid rod if required.
  • each removable shelf 50 can be placed in position on the lugs 39 afforded by the collars 34 from either side of the superstructure since there is no obstruction to prevent such a shelf being passed from one side of the superstructure to the other.
  • Each removable shelf 50 may extend across the full width of the superstructure so as to be supported at its four corners and mid-way along its longer sides. Alternatively, each shelf may extend across only half of the width of the superstructure, in that case each shelf being supported adjacent to its corners by four lugs carried by respective columns 31.
  • the central strap 14 provides support for only three columns, at positions aligned centrally between the pairs of columns supported by the outermost straps 14. In this way, each removable shelf 50 would be supported by three lugs, although in this case the shelves could not be passed through the superstructure from one side to the other. Whilst this would hinder the mechanical loading of the shelves for the reasons previously given it may nevertheless be useful in some circumstances.
  • the socket members 11, 12, 13 which give the required support for the columns are comparatively light in weight, and this is made possible by the fact that they are formed with two apertures, one for locating the socket member in a fixed position on the corresponding strap 14, and one for receiving the lower end of the column 31. Since these two apertures extend parallel to one another, the members received therein can extend through substantially the full height of the socket member and thereby maximise the support which is provided within the vertical dimensions of the base.
  • Forming the columns 31 by assembling sleeves 33 and collars 34 on the inner member 32 has the advantage that the sleeves can readily be formed to various lengths so as to enable the superstructure 30 to be adapted to support removable shelves 50 at varying spacings according to the requirements of the ware being fired.
  • the superstructure 30 is itself of relatively lightweight construction so as to minimise energy loss due to thermal cycling and yet the structure is stable enough to enable the removable shelves 50 to be loaded mechanically.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Furnace Housings, Linings, Walls, And Ceilings (AREA)
EP19860108992 1985-07-05 1986-07-02 Chariots de four Expired EP0208249B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB08517172A GB2179127A (en) 1985-07-05 1985-07-05 Kiln cars
GB8517172 1985-07-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0208249A1 true EP0208249A1 (fr) 1987-01-14
EP0208249B1 EP0208249B1 (fr) 1989-09-27

Family

ID=10581911

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19860108992 Expired EP0208249B1 (fr) 1985-07-05 1986-07-02 Chariots de four

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0208249B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1017183B (fr)
DE (1) DE3665929D1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2179127A (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0629538A1 (fr) * 1993-06-15 1994-12-21 Romano Mamoli Chariot de transport à construction modulaire destiné à recevoir des plateaux pour produits cuits au four ou similaires
WO1998040682A1 (fr) * 1997-03-12 1998-09-17 Haessler Andreas Support pour produit a cuire
EP0989378A1 (fr) * 1998-08-26 2000-03-29 Borgestad Fabrikker AS Charriot de four
WO2001050077A1 (fr) * 2000-01-05 2001-07-12 Ceric Thermic Wistra Gmbh Structure porteuse pour fours de cuisson a temperature de cuisson tres elevee
EP3355015A1 (fr) * 2017-01-26 2018-08-01 Refratechnik Holding GmbH Élément de support pour un chariot ou une plaque coulissante de four tunnel, chariot ou plaque coulissante de four tunnel dotés des tels éléments de support ainsi que four tunnel doté d'un tel chariot ou d'une telle plaque coulissante de four tunnel

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19639531C1 (de) * 1996-09-26 1998-02-05 Riedhammer Gmbh Co Kg Be- und Entladevorrichtung für ein Brennregal
CN103292601A (zh) * 2013-06-04 2013-09-11 湖南省科辉墙材有限公司 轻量保温节能型窑车
CN104048511B (zh) * 2014-03-31 2016-03-30 广东固特耐科技新材料有限公司 一种窑具垫板及窑具框架
CN105509483A (zh) * 2016-01-27 2016-04-20 北京创导工业陶瓷有限公司 箱体式窑车
CN111735312B (zh) * 2020-07-02 2022-07-05 景德镇学院 一种用于烧制陶瓷产品的支架

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR720571A (fr) * 1931-07-24 1932-02-22 Manufactures Ceramiques D Hemi Support de cuisson pour carreaux de faïence
US1969126A (en) * 1931-12-08 1934-08-07 Carborundum Co Kiln furniture
GB433497A (en) * 1934-07-14 1935-08-15 Bernard Joseph Moore Improvements in kiln trucks
GB433473A (en) * 1934-02-19 1935-08-15 Bernard Joseph Moore Improvements in trucks
FR2011743A1 (fr) * 1968-06-27 1970-03-06 Adroer Calafell Ignacio
FR2433724A1 (fr) * 1978-08-03 1980-03-14 Poppi Studio Tec Ind Chariot pour fours a cuisson rapide en particulier de produits ceramiques tels que dalles et autres
EP0067451A1 (fr) * 1981-06-16 1982-12-22 Hubertus Dr. Peter Chariot de four à tunnel
US4462798A (en) * 1983-04-11 1984-07-31 Norton Company Kiln car furniture module(s)

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB440621A (en) * 1935-07-30 1936-01-02 Bernard Joseph Moore Improvements in trucks
GB660893A (en) * 1949-02-08 1951-11-14 Hewitt & Son Fenton Ltd J An improved apparatus for supporting pottery ware in a kiln or the like
DE1918322B2 (de) * 1969-04-10 1971-09-09 Annawerk Gmbh Bausatz zur erstellung eines brennwagenaufbaus zum brennen von keramischen wandfliesen im tunnelofen
GB1557962A (en) * 1976-06-08 1979-12-19 Acme Marls Ltd Support structure for ceramic ware
DE3277024D1 (en) * 1982-10-21 1987-09-24 Koninkl Sphinx Nv Composite setter for the firing in a kiln of ceramic tiles or other similar articles
US4487579A (en) * 1983-12-05 1984-12-11 The Potters Supply Company Superstructure for kiln car

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR720571A (fr) * 1931-07-24 1932-02-22 Manufactures Ceramiques D Hemi Support de cuisson pour carreaux de faïence
US1969126A (en) * 1931-12-08 1934-08-07 Carborundum Co Kiln furniture
GB433473A (en) * 1934-02-19 1935-08-15 Bernard Joseph Moore Improvements in trucks
GB433497A (en) * 1934-07-14 1935-08-15 Bernard Joseph Moore Improvements in kiln trucks
FR2011743A1 (fr) * 1968-06-27 1970-03-06 Adroer Calafell Ignacio
FR2433724A1 (fr) * 1978-08-03 1980-03-14 Poppi Studio Tec Ind Chariot pour fours a cuisson rapide en particulier de produits ceramiques tels que dalles et autres
EP0067451A1 (fr) * 1981-06-16 1982-12-22 Hubertus Dr. Peter Chariot de four à tunnel
US4462798A (en) * 1983-04-11 1984-07-31 Norton Company Kiln car furniture module(s)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0629538A1 (fr) * 1993-06-15 1994-12-21 Romano Mamoli Chariot de transport à construction modulaire destiné à recevoir des plateaux pour produits cuits au four ou similaires
WO1998040682A1 (fr) * 1997-03-12 1998-09-17 Haessler Andreas Support pour produit a cuire
EP0989378A1 (fr) * 1998-08-26 2000-03-29 Borgestad Fabrikker AS Charriot de four
WO2001050077A1 (fr) * 2000-01-05 2001-07-12 Ceric Thermic Wistra Gmbh Structure porteuse pour fours de cuisson a temperature de cuisson tres elevee
EP3355015A1 (fr) * 2017-01-26 2018-08-01 Refratechnik Holding GmbH Élément de support pour un chariot ou une plaque coulissante de four tunnel, chariot ou plaque coulissante de four tunnel dotés des tels éléments de support ainsi que four tunnel doté d'un tel chariot ou d'une telle plaque coulissante de four tunnel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN1017183B (zh) 1992-06-24
GB2179127A (en) 1987-02-25
EP0208249B1 (fr) 1989-09-27
GB8517172D0 (en) 1985-08-14
CN86105634A (zh) 1987-02-25
DE3665929D1 (en) 1989-11-02

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