EP0209170A1 - Installation pour réfrigérer des produits sous vide - Google Patents

Installation pour réfrigérer des produits sous vide Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP0209170A1
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: vessel; throttle valve; refrigerant; compressor; condenser
Prior art date: 1985-07-10
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Granted

Application number

EP86201039A

Other languages

German (de)

English (en)

Other versions

EP0209170B1 (fr

Inventor

Hermanus Johan Nicolaas Verhoef

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Grassos Koniklijke Machinefabrieken NV

Original Assignee

Grassos Koniklijke Machinefabrieken NV

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1985-07-10

Filing date

1986-06-13

Publication date

1987-01-21

1986-06-13 Application filed by Grassos Koniklijke Machinefabrieken NV filed Critical Grassos Koniklijke Machinefabrieken NV

1986-06-13 Priority to AT86201039T priority Critical patent/ATE40000T1/de

1987-01-21 Publication of EP0209170A1 publication Critical patent/EP0209170A1/fr

1989-01-11 Application granted granted Critical

1989-01-11 Publication of EP0209170B1 publication Critical patent/EP0209170B1/fr

Status Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Images

Classifications

- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F25D31/00—Other cooling or freezing apparatus
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle

Definitions

the invention relates to a method of operating an installation for refrigerating products under vacuum, particularly products consisting mainly of water, such as lettuce, which installation comprises a closable vessel for the products, one or more vacuum pumps adapted to produce a vacuum in the interior of the vessel, a water vapour condenser disposed in the vessel and through which a refrigerant can be passed, and a refrigerating unit comprising a compressor, a condenser and a throttle valve, disposed outside the vessel and an evaporator being formed by said water vapour condenser disposed in the vessel, whereby a low-pressure separator is provided for liquid and vaporous refrigerant, the suction pipe of the compressor and the outlet pipe of the throttle valve as well as the two pipes of the water vapour condensor, being connected to said separator, while a high-pressure vessel for liquid refrigerant is disposed between the refrigerant condensor and the throttle valve.
the desired boiling temperature (flash point) of the water is obtained by lowering the pressure in the installation with the aid of the vacuum pump or pumps. Heat is required to evaporate water, and this will be taken from the product.
a method of this kind is not carried out continuously but by the batch method, that is to say load by load.
the vessel After the installation has been loaded up, the vessel is closed.
the vacuum pump is operated until the water in the product is evaporated (flash point).
the water vapour formed is condensed on the water vapour condenser, while the vacuum pump draws off the non-condensable gases, such as air.
the vacuum is released and the installation opened.
the refrigerated load can then be replaced by a new load for refrigeration.
the vacuum pump remains in operation even when the flash point has been reached. From that moment on the compressor is also normally brought into action in order to pass refrigerant through the condenser and to condense the water vapour.
a cycle of 20 minutes comprising 8 minutes for producting the vacuum, 8 minutes for the refrigeration, and 4 minutes for loading and unloading.
the vacuum pump then operates for 16 minutes and the refrigerating unit for 8 minutes.
the invention seeks to modify the known method in such a manner that a much smaller and therefore less expensive refrigerating unit can be used, and the compressor and the refrigerant condenser may have the half size and the efficiency of the vacuum pump(s) during vacumation can be highly improved.
the water vapour condenser disposed in the vacuum tank is designated 1; it is generally divided into a plurality of condenser sections. From this condenser 1 a pipe 2 extends to the top gas part of a liquid-gas separator 3 for a refrigerant, for example R 22.
a pump 5 is provided in this pipe 4. This pump 5 circulates refrigerant through 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5.
the other branch is formed by asuction pipe 6 connected to the end of the separator 3, a compressor 7, a pressure pipe 8, a refrigerant condenser 9, a pipe 10, a reservoir 11 for liquid refrigerant, a pipe 12, a throttle valve 13 for liquid refrigerant, and a pipe 14 returning to the gas part of the separator 3.
the compressor 7 is also put into action.
This compressor 7 ensures that liquid refrigerant contained in the high-pressure vessel 11, and having for example a temperature of + 35° C, is conducted to the low-pressure vessel 3. The temperature of the refrigerant is thus lowered to, for example, -5° C or even lower, for example -20°.
the pipes of the water vapour condenser 1 are thereby brought for example to a temperature of -5° or even lower.
the vapour pressure of the water vapour in the installation thus falls to below 4 millibars. This means that with a pressure of about 46 millibars in the vessel the vacuum pump must draw in a gas mixture consisting of about 10% water vapour and 90% air. The rate at which the vacuum is produced is thereby approximately doubled, in the ratio of 50 : 90.
the pipes of the water vapour condenser 1 When the pipes of the water vapour condenser 1 are not precooled, they have a temperature of, for example, + 20° , corresponding to a pressure of the water vapour in the gas mixture of 23 millibars. This means that when the totale pressure has been reduced to 46 millibars by the vacuum pump the mixture flowing over the pipes of the water vapour condenser 1 then consists of 50 parts by volume of air.
the mixture consists of 10% water vapour and 90% air.
the water vapour is deposited on the pipes of the condenser in the form of ice.
a coating of ice is thus formed.
the adhering water drops also freeze, assisted by the low temperature of the material of the pipes.
the vaporous refrigerant extracted from the separator 3 by the compressor 7 via the pipe 6 consists solely of vapour generated by heat from the product.
the vapour compressed by the compressor 7 is condensed in the condenser 9 and then deposited as a liquid in the high-pressure vessel 11, where it is kept for the next cycle.
a conventional refrigeration circuit is in fact divided into two incomplete circuits.
the compressor 7 and the condenser 9 can be about half the size in comparison with a conventional vacuum refrigeration installation, as calculated in the following example.
the enthalpy of the liquid R22 is equal to 243 kJ/kg.
the enthalpy of R22 gas at -5°C is 403 kJ/kg.
the compressor can already produce in the first 8 minutes of the process (the product not yet giving up heat) 11,680 + 11,500 + 23,180 kJ, which is more than half the total amount of "heat" required, so that the refrigeration installation is about half the size.

Landscapes

Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
Thermal Sciences (AREA)
Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Vacuum Packaging (AREA)
Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Sorption Type Refrigeration Machines (AREA)

EP86201039A 1985-07-10 1986-06-13 Installation pour réfrigérer des produits sous vide Expired EP0209170B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
AT86201039T ATE40000T1 (de)	1985-07-10	1986-06-13	Anlage zur kuehlung von produkten unter vakuum.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
NL8501978A NL8501978A (nl)	1985-07-10	1985-07-10	Installatie voor het onder vacuum koelen van produkten.
NL8501978		1985-07-10

Publications (2)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP0209170A1 true EP0209170A1 (fr)	1987-01-21
EP0209170B1 EP0209170B1 (fr)	1989-01-11

Family

ID=19846276

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
EP86201039A Expired EP0209170B1 (fr)	1985-07-10	1986-06-13	Installation pour réfrigérer des produits sous vide

Country Status (5)

Country	Link
EP (1)	EP0209170B1 (fr)
AT (1)	ATE40000T1 (fr)
DE (1)	DE3661776D1 (fr)
ES (1)	ES8706932A1 (fr)
NL (1)	NL8501978A (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
NL1010903C2 (nl)	1998-12-24	2000-06-27	York Inham Refrigeration B V	Werkwijze en inrichting voor het ladingsgewijs vacuümkoelen van producten.

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US2748576A (en) *	1952-10-28	1956-06-05	Sr Theodore J Peukert	Fruit and vegetable cooler
US3319434A (en) *	1966-03-14	1967-05-16	Air Reduction	Low temperature refrigeration and gas storage

1985
- 1985-07-10 NL NL8501978A patent/NL8501978A/nl not_active Application Discontinuation
1986
- 1986-06-13 AT AT86201039T patent/ATE40000T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-06-13 EP EP86201039A patent/EP0209170B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1986-06-13 DE DE8686201039T patent/DE3661776D1/de not_active Expired
- 1986-06-24 ES ES556521A patent/ES8706932A1/es not_active Expired

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US2748576A (en) *	1952-10-28	1956-06-05	Sr Theodore J Peukert	Fruit and vegetable cooler
US3319434A (en) *	1966-03-14	1967-05-16	Air Reduction	Low temperature refrigeration and gas storage

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
KOELTECHNIEK, vol. 74, no. 5, May 1981, pages 106-110; H.J.N. VERHOEF: "Aspecten bij het ontwerpen van vacuumkoelinstallaties" *

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
EP0209170B1 (fr)	1989-01-11
ES8706932A1 (es)	1987-07-16
ATE40000T1 (de)	1989-01-15
ES556521A0 (es)	1987-07-16
DE3661776D1 (en)	1989-02-16
NL8501978A (nl)	1987-02-02

Legal Events

Date	Code	Title	Description
1986-12-06	PUAI	Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase	Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012
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1987-05-06	17P	Request for examination filed	Effective date: 19870304
1988-01-27	17Q	First examination report despatched	Effective date: 19871214
1988-11-26	GRAA	(expected) grant	Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210
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1989-12-27	26N	No opposition filed
1991-06-30	ITTA	It: last paid annual fee
1994-07-29	EPTA	Lu: last paid annual fee
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