EP0213512A2 - Méthode et dispositif pour brûler un combustible pulvérulent dans une installation de chaudière - Google Patents

Méthode et dispositif pour brûler un combustible pulvérulent dans une installation de chaudière Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0213512A2
EP0213512A2 EP86111302A EP86111302A EP0213512A2 EP 0213512 A2 EP0213512 A2 EP 0213512A2 EP 86111302 A EP86111302 A EP 86111302A EP 86111302 A EP86111302 A EP 86111302A EP 0213512 A2 EP0213512 A2 EP 0213512A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
air
combustion
pipe
dust
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86111302A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0213512A3 (fr
Inventor
Annegret Rieger
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0213512A2 publication Critical patent/EP0213512A2/fr
Publication of EP0213512A3 publication Critical patent/EP0213512A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C3/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber
    • F23C3/006—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber being arranged for cyclonic combustion
    • F23C3/008—Combustion apparatus characterised by the shape of the combustion chamber the chamber being arranged for cyclonic combustion for pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K3/02—Pneumatic feeding arrangements, i.e. by air blast

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for the combustion of dusty fuel in a boiler system, in which the fuel is supplied to a combustion chamber by means of a primary air stream, where it is kept moving in turbulence and burned with the combustion chamber supplied secondary air and in which the heat generated via the expanding Air and / or the flame impact is fed to a heat exchanger.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object on the one hand to increase the economy for the operator of such a boiler system and on the other hand to ensure complete combustion of the fuel, which automatically reduces or eliminates the environmental impact.
  • the heating material such as chips, wood waste or the like
  • the heating material is fed to a mill, ground to dust and temporarily stored in a storage container.
  • the material is conveyed evenly into a chute by a dosing screw in the storage container.
  • a transport fan sucks in the material and then blows it tangentially into a preheated combustion chamber, which can be referred to as a turbulence combustion chamber. Due to the tangential injection, the air-dust mixture is brought into turbulence and ignited inside the combustion chamber, which has to be heated beforehand. This can be done either by a base fire or by inserting a burner, which is removed before the actual combustion.
  • a baffle edge at the end of the combustion chamber ensures that the material remains in the combustion chamber longer than without it, so that total combustion can be achieved.
  • a negative pressure can be achieved in the combustion chamber in order to draw secondary air axially into the combustion chamber through a supply air pipe at the head of the combustion chamber. whereby smokeless combustion is achieved.
  • the device according to the invention can be easily integrated into an existing system.
  • the combustion chamber according to the invention can be connected at the end face to an expansion space of the heat exchanger, preferably arranged outside the heat exchanger or boiler, but there is also the possibility of arranging the combustion chamber within the boiler area.
  • the device is preferably installed in a building, the device consisting of two parts, namely a loading device 1 and the actual boiler system 2.
  • the removal of chips is carried out from any silo 10, which in the present case can be a building space, via a conveyor device, preferably a screw 11.
  • a conveyor device preferably a screw 11.
  • the wood waste or wood chips and the like are. filled and remain here as a supply.
  • the conveying device 11 is connected to a protective cap 111 so that the fuel does not fall directly into the lower space. The more or less evenly occurring fuel can also be shredded in this area.
  • the fuel is, as it is delivered by the conveying device 11 via the protective device 111, a down pipe 12 or a chute, a pouring device or the like. brought and from here into a mill 13.
  • the chips or other wood waste are crushed so finely that wood dust arises, which is collected in a storage container 14.
  • a dosing device 15 is assigned to this storage container 14 in its lower region, which in the embodiment shown is again designed as a controlled screw conveyor.
  • a chute 16 is provided, into which the fuel ground into dust is fed.
  • the chute 16 is preferably open in the upper region, so that the dust-air mixture falling down can be sucked off through an intake pipe 17 of a transport fan.
  • the transport fan 18 in turn is provided with a feed pipe 19 on its pressure side, in the area of which a fire protection flap 119 is provided in front of the transport fan 18.
  • the boiler system 2 has a furnace 20, the internal structure of which will be described later. It has a combustion chamber 220 in its interior, into which the feed pipe 19 opens tangentially.
  • the furnace 20 is shown lying, but it can also be vertical or at an angle to the vertical. His position is in relation to the prior art furnace - totally indifferent.
  • the furnace 20 is arranged upstream of the boiler 21 in the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG connected is.
  • the furnace 20 is provided with a supply air pipe 25.
  • This supply air pipe 25 has a larger cross section than the feed pipe 19, for example in a ratio of 4: 1.
  • the supply air pipe receives the suction pressure via the smoke draft fan 23.
  • a negative pressure is achieved, so that secondary air flows axially into the combustion chamber through the supply air pipe 25 at the head of the combustion chamber 220 220 is sucked in, which results in smokeless combustion.
  • the building itself is identified by 3 in the drawing and the chimney by 30.
  • the doors 31, 32 give access to rooms 33 and 34, which can be separated from one another by an intermediate wall 35.
  • FIG. 3 it can be seen that the combustion chamber 220 is connected to the heat exchanger or boiler 21 via a pipe socket 26.
  • an expansion space In the interior of the boiler there is an expansion space, neither shown in FIG. 1 nor in FIG. 2, into which the flames strike, but into which fuel, smoke or soot should under no circumstances be carried. 3 and 8, an expansion space 27 is shown.
  • the motor 118 for the transport fan 18 can also be seen in FIG. 2 and the arrangement of the parts can be seen from above.
  • Fig. 3 a front view is shown again, in which it is better to see the furnace 20 from the side with its internal combustion chamber 220, the flames then striking the heat exchanger or boiler 21 via the pipe socket 26, specifically in the Area of expansion space 27.
  • the fan 18 with a container 218 can be seen in the smoke exhaust.
  • the suction effect of the flue gas fan releases fly ash, which can enter the chimney with the flue gases. Flue gas dedusting has the task of separating this fly ash from the gases. In the drawing you can see the container where the burnt ash is collected. It can also be seen in FIG. 3 that the mouth 219 of the feed pipe 19 opens tangentially into the tubular combustion chamber 220.
  • the formation of a furnace 20 can be seen well in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6.
  • the combustion chamber 220 is encased by the burner tube 320 formed from refractory concrete block.
  • the burner tube can be round or, as can be seen in FIG. 7, polygonal. It does not necessarily have to be an equiangular polygon. Otherwise, the polygonal training is only approximately from the pentagon upwards so as not to impede the turbulence inside the combustion chamber 220.
  • An insulating stone 420 also lies as a jacket over the burner tube 320 made of refractory concrete block, and a layer of mineral wool 520 can be placed over it, which in turn carries a jacket, preferably a steel jacket 620.
  • the radially guided supply air pipe 25 opens, namely radially into an axially guided center pipe 28 located on the head side of the combustion chamber 220, which in turn can be closed by a cover 29 and lies in front of the combustion chamber 220, which adjoins the same axis.
  • the end walls are designed in accordance with the burner jacket with refractory concrete block 320 ', insulating block 920 and possibly mineral wool jacket and the like.
  • the mouth 219 of the feed pipe 19 lies in relation to the supply air pipe 25 in such a way that the supply air pipe 25 is arranged on the combustion chamber 220 before the mouth 219 of the dust-air mixture feed pipe 19.
  • the sucked-in air thus automatically takes the dust-air mixture into the interior of the combustion chamber 220 and brings it to full combustion, the tangential feed achieving rotational turbulence during the combustion, which moves towards the outlet.
  • the combustion chamber 220 To start the fire at all, the combustion chamber 220 must first be heated.
  • combustion chamber 220 is connected at the end face to the expansion space 27 of the heat exchanger and that the output end wall 720 of the combustion chamber 220 forms a preferably ring-like baffle and retention surface 820 for the combustion material.
  • the associated edge of the baffle and retention surface 820 to the pipe socket 26 practically forms a separating edge for the dust-air mixture in relation to the resulting flames.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 show sections of an embodiment of the fig. 4th
  • FIG. 7 shows a polygonal cross-section which should be at least pentagonal and, if possible, should be designed as a uniform square to the cross-section.
  • the uniform polygon like the round tube, favors the formation of eddies in the combustion process and thus the better turbulence inside the combustion chamber 220.
  • FIG. 8 shows an exemplary embodiment in which the boiler 21 accommodates the furnace 20 inside.
  • the design of the heat exchanger 321 in the boiler 21 can be chosen as desired.
  • both the furnace 20 and the expansion chamber 27 are placed directly behind one another, and both parts are encased by the heat exchanger or by parts of the heat exchanger 321 In the head area of the furnace 20, in which the supply air pipe 25 lies radially to the pipe 28, instead of heat insulation of the heat exchangers, the casing of the pipe 28.
  • the combustion chamber 220 is again surrounded by the burner pipe 320. No insulation is provided in the burner area either, so that the The combustion chamber 220 also has a baffle and retention surface 820, which leaves the combustion material in the turbulence inside the combustion chamber 220 as far as possible this embodiment as well as the other embodiments.
  • air-heat flues 221 In the interior of the boiler 21, air-heat flues 221 must be provided, which in this exemplary embodiment are pulled back and forth in the axial direction of the boiler, in order to transfer the heat to the water-carrying parts of the heat exchanger 321 in the interior of the boiler 21 to deliver.
  • a separating wall not shown, separating the pipes can be provided in the center.
  • the chimney 221 runs down first, then over the entire length of the device, then comes into turning chambers 221, so that the chimneys then lead in the upper region from the head area of the combustion chamber 220 to the suction pipe 123, where it connects to the chimney.
  • the supply air is also sucked in via the supply air pipe 25 via this air-heat smoke guide in order to achieve the negative pressure again in the interior of the combustion chamber 220 and especially getting oxygen in the burning area.
  • This also results in total combustion with a flame temperature of more than 1200 to 1500 ° C, with a high C0 2 value being achieved in the exhaust gases on the inside, which is an indicator of perfect and good, above all, complete combustion.
  • the boiler can again be provided with a layer of mineral wool 520 as insulation and a sheet metal jacket 620 on the outside.
  • Boiler flow 321 'and boiler return 321 are provided, as usual, to feed the water-carrying parts of the heat exchanger 321 through the boiler flow with fresh water and to supply the heated water to the consumer.
  • the pipes can be arranged along the entire length, but also pipe bundles etc. It is essential that the high combustion temperature is also controlled in such a way that the furnace itself and the expansion chamber, which is also very hot leads to considerably larger water capacities than the smoke flues, so a thick casing, which preferably completely encloses both the pipe 28, the combustion chamber 220 and the expansion space 27, is extremely advantageous.
  • the tube 28, the combustion chamber 220 and the expansion space 27 are coaxial and are encased in a tube-like manner by a water-carrying part of the heat exchanger 321.
  • the axis of the combustion chamber 220 or the common axis with the expansion space 27 can lie horizontally, but also be arranged in any angular position to the horizontal. It is essential that the furnace 20 with its combustion chamber 220, which serves as a turbulence chamber, is under the uniform supply of fresh air, which promotes combustion.
  • the tangential feed of the injection pipe 219 can be in the upper area of the combustion chamber, but also in the lower area. Because the combustion takes place in one revolution, that is to say in a rotational turbulence, the combustion will always be able to be initiated with a tangential feed. For this purpose, however, the injection pipe 219 must be in the entrance area or head area of the combustion chamber.
  • the idea of the invention can be varied in many ways, not only with regard to the design and the position of the furnace in or outside of a boiler or a heat exchanger, other comminution devices for the fuel can be provided, others Metering devices as a screw, although this has advantages, also, as already mentioned, any heat exchanger can sheath the furnace and / or the expansion chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
EP86111302A 1985-08-19 1986-08-15 Méthode et dispositif pour brûler un combustible pulvérulent dans une installation de chaudière Withdrawn EP0213512A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19853529615 DE3529615A1 (de) 1985-08-19 1985-08-19 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur beschickung und verbrennung von holzabfaellen od.dgl. in einer kesselanlage
DE3529615 1985-08-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0213512A2 true EP0213512A2 (fr) 1987-03-11
EP0213512A3 EP0213512A3 (fr) 1988-08-24

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86111302A Withdrawn EP0213512A3 (fr) 1985-08-19 1986-08-15 Méthode et dispositif pour brûler un combustible pulvérulent dans une installation de chaudière

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EP (1) EP0213512A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE3529615A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0338183A3 (en) * 1988-04-22 1990-07-11 Howorka, Franz Device for decomposing fluid pollutants by heat
EP1162405A2 (fr) 2000-06-05 2001-12-12 Theodor Ernst Seebacher Dispositif de combustion pour combustibles renouvelables granulés, notamment boulettes de bois
EP4001759A1 (fr) * 2020-11-24 2022-05-25 Schiedel GmbH Unité de valorisation de la biomasse, immeuble d'habitation et procédé d'évitement d'une congestion de réseau

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4312901C2 (de) * 1993-04-16 1997-08-21 Ver Energiewerke Ag Verfahren und Anordnung zur Verbrennung von Biostoffen für einen kohlenstaubgefeuerten Dampfkessel
DE4312902C2 (de) * 1993-04-16 1997-06-12 Ver Energiewerke Ag Verfahren und Anordnung zur Verbrennung von Biostoffen, insbesondere Hackschnitzel, in einem kohlenstaubgefeuerten Dampfkessel
DE4312900C2 (de) * 1993-04-16 1997-12-18 Ver Energiewerke Ag Verfahren und Anordnung zum Betrieb einer Vorfeuerung mit Biostoff-Verbrennung für einen kohlenstaubgefeuerten Dampfkessel
CN101963361A (zh) * 2010-08-04 2011-02-02 郭庆华 锅炉投料机
CN113357624B (zh) * 2021-07-12 2025-03-25 绿源能源环境科技集团有限公司 一种炉内旋流飞灰再燃装置

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE977454C (de) * 1951-08-09 1966-06-23 Babcock & Wilcox Dampfkessel W Zyklonfeuerung
FR2122685A5 (fr) * 1971-01-20 1972-09-01 Hartmann Pere & Fils
US3777677A (en) * 1972-09-13 1973-12-11 Gen Electric Incinerator
AT360629B (de) * 1977-06-14 1981-01-26 Mawera Maschinen Ges M B H Brennkammer fuer spaeneheizanlagen
DE3222408A1 (de) * 1981-11-19 1983-12-15 Ruhrkohle-Carborat GmbH, 4152 Kempen Drehstroemungsfeuerung

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0338183A3 (en) * 1988-04-22 1990-07-11 Howorka, Franz Device for decomposing fluid pollutants by heat
EP1162405A2 (fr) 2000-06-05 2001-12-12 Theodor Ernst Seebacher Dispositif de combustion pour combustibles renouvelables granulés, notamment boulettes de bois
AT409169B (de) * 2000-06-05 2002-06-25 Seebacher Theodor Ernst Vorrichtung zum verbrennen von holzpellets
EP4001759A1 (fr) * 2020-11-24 2022-05-25 Schiedel GmbH Unité de valorisation de la biomasse, immeuble d'habitation et procédé d'évitement d'une congestion de réseau

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3529615C2 (fr) 1987-08-06
EP0213512A3 (fr) 1988-08-24
DE3529615A1 (de) 1987-02-26

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