EP0214031A1 - Ionenquelle mit magnetischem Spiegel - Google Patents

Ionenquelle mit magnetischem Spiegel Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0214031A1
EP0214031A1 EP86401784A EP86401784A EP0214031A1 EP 0214031 A1 EP0214031 A1 EP 0214031A1 EP 86401784 A EP86401784 A EP 86401784A EP 86401784 A EP86401784 A EP 86401784A EP 0214031 A1 EP0214031 A1 EP 0214031A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
anode
cathode
ion
diode according
winding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP86401784A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Christian Bourgeois
Michel Roche
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
Original Assignee
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA filed Critical Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Publication of EP0214031A1 publication Critical patent/EP0214031A1/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J27/00—Ion beam tubes
    • H01J27/02—Ion sources; Ion guns

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an ion diode with a magnetic mirror. It finds many applications in particular as a source of ions and as a means of depositing high density energy on a substrate to create dense and hot plasmas as we research in physics and in particular in studies on thermonuclear fusion.
  • Two ways are known to suppress the electron beam in an ion diode: 1) by applying a magnetic field perpendicular to the accelerating electric field in the diode, which curves the electronic trajectories to the point of preventing electrons from crossing the accelerating interval, 2) by making a diode which includes a very thin anode with an electric mirror placed at the rear, which creates a "reflex" structure in which the electrons oscillate a very large number of times on either side of the anode before being stopped therein.
  • FIG. 1 An ion diode according to this known principle is shown in FIG. 1. It comprises an anode 10 in the form of a grid, a first cathode 11 disposed in front of the anode and a second cathode 12 disposed behind the anode. Its operation is as follows. The electrons e extracted from the cathode 11 are accelerated by the electric field present between the anode and the cathode and go towards the anode 10 which they pass through. They are then decelerated by the electric field which reigns behind the anode (and which is symmetrical with the accelerating field).
  • the second cathode thus behaves like an electric "mirror".
  • the electrons turn back and head again towards the anode which they cross in the opposite direction. They are decelerated again and the process continues until completely absorbed by the anode.
  • a plasma 14 is formed around it which generates ions I, which are accelerated, cross the cathode 11 and are then directed towards a target.
  • Such a device has many drawbacks: - the current of ions is emitted in fact by the two faces of the anode and as it can be used only on one side, the output of the diode is divided by 2, - the planar structure of the diode does not allow focusing of the ion beam, - The electrical "mirror" formed by the second cathode is subject to breakdowns which, in practice, make the system difficult to use.
  • the device according to the invention avoids these drawbacks thanks to the use of a magnetic "mirror" which: - is not subject to breakdowns, - makes it possible to have no electric field behind the anode and therefore to accelerate the ions only on one side, - authorizes a quasi-spherical configuration which makes it possible to focus the ion beam.
  • this magnetic mirror is obtained by a winding traversed by a current, this winding being coaxial with the anode and the cathode. It is placed behind the anode, in place of the second negative electrode of the prior devices.
  • FIG. 1 already described, represents a diode according to the prior art
  • - Figure 2 shows, in section, a diode according to the invention.
  • the device shown in FIG. 2 comprises an anode 20 brought to a positive high voltage + V delivered by a source 21, a cathode 22 connected to ground, and, behind the anode, a winding 24 coaxial with the anode and at the cathode.
  • This winding is supplied with current by a generator 26.
  • the magnetic field lines are referenced 28. They are strongly divergent in the direction of the anode (or convergent if we consider the opposite direction). In other words, the field is highly non-homogeneous.
  • the anode and the cathode have the shape of spherical caps whose concavity is directed towards a target 30. In this way, the ion beam 32 has a certain focusing.
  • the operation of this device is as follows.
  • the part located between the anode and the cathode operates as in the prior art.
  • the electrons are extracted from the cathode, are accelerated in the interelectrode space, fall on the anode and pass through it. These electrons are then subjected to the magnetic field of the winding 24. Their trajectories wind around the field lines and lie towards the axis of the diode.
  • the electrons end up turning back to fall on the anode and cross it again.
  • the interelectrode electric field decelerates them first, makes them turn back again then accelerates them again towards the anode which they cross again.
  • the magnetic field bends again their trajectories to finally direct them again towards the anode, etc ...
  • the electrons thus oscillate a large number of times around the anode. Each time they pass energy to the anode, which helps create a plasma around it. The ions are extracted from this plasma and accelerated forward by the interelectrode electric field. As there is no electric field behind the anode, only an ion beam 32 is emitted towards the front, towards the target 30.
  • the electric field between anode and cathode can be of the order of 200 kV / cm to 2 MV / cm. It is continuous or impulse.
  • the cathode 22 is a grid and a heated filament 33 is used in connection with a current source 34.
  • the electrons coming from the filament 33 diffuse up to the grid 22, then penetrate into the interelectrode space where they are accelerated. The process is then the same as that described above.
  • anode and the cathode can be gas-tight and thus delimit watertight chambers where reduced gas pressures prevail (a few torrs). But they can also be produced in the form of metal grids.
  • the anode may comprise in its mass or in the form of a surface layer, the atomic species having to constitute the ion beam.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
EP86401784A 1985-08-12 1986-08-08 Ionenquelle mit magnetischem Spiegel Ceased EP0214031A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8512278A FR2586139B1 (fr) 1985-08-12 1985-08-12 Diode a ions a miroir magnetique
FR8512278 1985-08-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0214031A1 true EP0214031A1 (de) 1987-03-11

Family

ID=9322165

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86401784A Ceased EP0214031A1 (de) 1985-08-12 1986-08-08 Ionenquelle mit magnetischem Spiegel

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0214031A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2586139B1 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7492621B2 (en) 2001-12-13 2009-02-17 Aloys Wobben Inverter, method for use thereof and wind power installation employing same

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2150156C1 (ru) * 1998-10-26 2000-05-27 Институт электрофизики Уральского отделения РАН Плазменный эмиттер ионов

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2785311A (en) * 1952-06-24 1957-03-12 Ernest O Lawrence Low voltage ion source
US2806161A (en) * 1952-07-08 1957-09-10 Jr John S Foster Coasting arc ion source
GB931076A (en) * 1957-07-10 1963-07-10 Atomic Energy Commission Thermonuclear reactor and process
US4126806A (en) * 1977-09-26 1978-11-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Intense ion beam producing reflex triode

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2785311A (en) * 1952-06-24 1957-03-12 Ernest O Lawrence Low voltage ion source
US2806161A (en) * 1952-07-08 1957-09-10 Jr John S Foster Coasting arc ion source
GB931076A (en) * 1957-07-10 1963-07-10 Atomic Energy Commission Thermonuclear reactor and process
US4126806A (en) * 1977-09-26 1978-11-21 The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy Intense ion beam producing reflex triode

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
NUCLEAR FUSION, vol. 20, no. 12, 1980, pages 1549-1612, Vienne, AT; S. HUMPHRIES, Jr.: "Intense pulsed ion beams for fusion applications" *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7492621B2 (en) 2001-12-13 2009-02-17 Aloys Wobben Inverter, method for use thereof and wind power installation employing same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2586139B1 (fr) 1987-10-30
FR2586139A1 (fr) 1987-02-13

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Inventor name: ROCHE, MICHEL

Inventor name: BOURGEOIS, CHRISTIAN