EP0217902A1 - Faserverstärkte keramikwerkstoffe - Google Patents

Faserverstärkte keramikwerkstoffe

Info

Publication number
EP0217902A1
EP0217902A1 EP86902441A EP86902441A EP0217902A1 EP 0217902 A1 EP0217902 A1 EP 0217902A1 EP 86902441 A EP86902441 A EP 86902441A EP 86902441 A EP86902441 A EP 86902441A EP 0217902 A1 EP0217902 A1 EP 0217902A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slip
preform
silicon
ceramic
nitride
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP86902441A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Andrew Robert Baker
Julia Rosalind Mary 37 Faraday Road HOOD
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AE PLC
Original Assignee
AE PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AE PLC filed Critical AE PLC
Publication of EP0217902A1 publication Critical patent/EP0217902A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases
    • F02F7/0085—Materials for constructing engines or their parts
    • F02F7/0087—Ceramic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
    • B22D19/14—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product the objects being filamentary or particulate in form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
    • B28B1/26—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by slip-casting, i.e. by casting a suspension or dispersion of the material in a liquid-absorbent or porous mould, the liquid being allowed to soak into or pass through the walls of the mould; Moulds therefor ; specially for manufacturing articles starting from a ceramic slip; Moulds therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
    • B28B23/0006—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects the reinforcement consisting of aligned, non-metal reinforcing elements
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    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2203/00—Non-metallic inorganic materials
    • F05C2203/08—Ceramics; Oxides
    • F05C2203/0804—Non-oxide ceramics
    • F05C2203/083—Nitrides
    • F05C2203/0843—Nitrides of silicon
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2203/00—Non-metallic inorganic materials
    • F05C2203/08—Ceramics; Oxides
    • F05C2203/0865—Oxide ceramics
    • F05C2203/0895—Zirconium oxide
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2253/00—Other material characteristics; Treatment of material
    • F05C2253/16—Fibres

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to fibre reinforced ceramic materials, their uses and methods for their 5 manufacture.
  • Fibre reinforced ceramic materials are known in themselves and it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved method of manufacturing such materials. It is a further object of the invention 0 to provide such a material having superior strength and heat insulating properties at possibly lower specific weights.
  • a method for manufacturing a fibre reinforced ceramic material comprises forming 5 a pre-form of ceramic fibres, tape or mat, applying a ceramic slip to the pre-form, causing the slip material to impregnate the pre-form by applying a pressure differentia and driving off the slip liquid;
  • ceramic slip being used in this context to refer to a slurry 20. of ceramic material finely dispersed in a liquid carrier medium, the ceramic material of the slip incorporating silicon nitride or silicon powder which is subsequently converted to silicon nitride.
  • the ceramic fibres are preferably of alumina, 25. (such as that sold under the Trade Mark SAFFIL), kaowool, silicon carbide, silicon nitride or zirconia. They may of course comprise a combination of some of these materials.
  • the slip material may also comprise one or more of these materials and may incorporate yttrium 30. oxide (Y 0-.), magnesium oxide (MgO), chromium oxide
  • a preferred slip composition might be 10 % Y 2 °3' 3% M ⁇ 3 C0 3' 2% W0 3' 1 - 5% si0 2' the balance being silicon nitride or zirconia, or alternatively the W0 3 might be replaced by Cr-O-.
  • the silicon nitride is replaced by silicon powder which is converted to silicon nitride at a later stage by a method known as the reaction bondinq process.
  • the preform is located within a mould, for example of plaster for the slip impregnation step.
  • the pressure differential applied may be in the form of a high pressure applied to the slip to force it into the preform, or alternatively a pressure below ambient may be applied to the preform to draw the slip into the interstices. Naturally, a combination of these alternatives may be used.
  • the slip liquid is water.
  • Fibre reinforced ceramic materials made in accordance with the invention tend to be very strong, light in weight and highly resistant to suddent impacts, particularly when silicon nitride and/or zirconia are used.
  • the thickness of the preform and the amount of slip applied are arranged so that the preform is impregnated over a part only of its thickness, leaving a portion unfilled, and a molten metal is then applied under pressure to the unfilled portion to impregnate it and allowed to solidify (a so-called "squeeze-casting" process).
  • the present invention extends to such a ceramic/ metal fibre reinforced composite material.
  • Figures 4 to 8 are five similar successive stages according to a second embodiment for manufacturing a piston with a ceramic fibre reinforced crown
  • Figures 9 and 10 are two similar stages according to a third embodiment for producing a piston with a ceramic fibre reinforced crown with a combustion bowl, and
  • Figure 11 is a cutaway isometric sketch of a part of a further embodiment.
  • a preform 11 made up of a bundle of silicon nitride fibres having a diameter of between 1 and 5 micrometers and a length 100 to 1000 times their diameter is located in a mould
  • a slip 14 comprising an aqueous slurry of 10% Y 2 °3' 3% M 9 0 _ > 2% w0 3 * 1 - 5% 5 SiOfact, the balance being silicon powder, is then placed in the mould 12 above the preform 11.
  • the slip material has a particle size in the range 2-1Oum.
  • the ceramic preform body 15 so formed is then removed from the mould 12 and allowed to dry in air for 24 hours, after which it is heated to 380°C in air for 12 hours which converts the MgCO, to MgO.
  • the preform 15 is then heated to 1100°C in argon for
  • 20 formed may be achieved by further heating in a nitrogen atmosphere at 1750°C. Any binding agent present in the preform will be removed during one of the heating steps.
  • the impregnated preform is then subjected to heat treatment as in the previous embodiment and placed in a piston mould 23 and, after any machining that may be necessary, a molten piston alloy 24 is introduced as shown in Figure 7.
  • the piston 25 is formed by a squeeze castin step in which a high pressure of perhaps 200 to 300 tons is applied to the alloy while it is allowed to solidify. This causes the piston alloy 24 to impregnate the remaining porous portion of the preform 21 as shown at 27 in Figure 8.
  • the finished piston 25 having a crown 26 of fibre reinforced ceramic material is then removed from the mould 23.
  • the fibre reinforced material may have the form shown, or may have a re-entrant form to give mechanical retention in the piston body.
  • a preform 31 is located in a mould 32 and a ceramic slip material 33 is located in an upper cavity 34 above the preform 31.
  • the space 35 beneath the preform 31 is then subjected to a pressure reduction.
  • the slip material impregnates the preform 31 to the desired degree and the pressure reduction is then removed.
  • the part-impregnated preform is removed and partially sintered. It is then machined to shape to form a bowl 36 as shown in Figure 10 and fully sintered.
  • the finished preform is then cast into the piston by the squeeze- casting method of the previous embodiment. Some support of the bowl 36 may be required during the squeeze casting step.
  • a preform of interlocking fibres extending both axially and radially is used together with an outer cylindrical tube 44 having comb-like axial teeth 45 which surrounds the preform inside the mould 42.
  • the radially extending fibres 46 are bent down and trapped between the teeth 45, the base 43 and the mould wall 42.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)
  • Pistons, Piston Rings, And Cylinders (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)
EP86902441A 1985-04-02 1986-04-02 Faserverstärkte keramikwerkstoffe Withdrawn EP0217902A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8508573 1985-04-02
GB08508573A GB2175893A (en) 1985-04-02 1985-04-02 Fibre-reinforced ceramic materials

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0217902A1 true EP0217902A1 (de) 1987-04-15

Family

ID=10577073

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86902441A Withdrawn EP0217902A1 (de) 1985-04-02 1986-04-02 Faserverstärkte keramikwerkstoffe

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0217902A1 (de)
GB (1) GB2175893A (de)
WO (1) WO1986005774A1 (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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EP0280830A1 (de) * 1987-03-02 1988-09-07 Battelle Memorial Institute Verfahren zur Herstellung von faser- oder teilchenverstärkten, gegossenen Metallverbundwerkstoffen oder Metallegierungsverbundwerkstoffen
JP2667858B2 (ja) * 1987-04-20 1997-10-27 株式会社日立製作所 高温超電導材の製作方法
JPH029777A (ja) * 1988-03-02 1990-01-12 Honda Motor Co Ltd 繊維強化セラミック成形体及びその製造方法
US5488017A (en) * 1989-04-14 1996-01-30 General Electric Company Fibert reinforced ceramic matrix composite member
GB2230258B (en) * 1989-04-14 1993-10-20 Gen Electric Consolidated member and method and preform for making
GB2230259B (en) * 1989-04-14 1993-11-17 Gen Electric Fibre reinforced ceramic matrix composite member and method for making
FR2671797B1 (fr) * 1991-01-18 1994-02-25 Propulsion Ste Europeenne Procede de densification d'un substrat poreux par une matrice contenant du carbone.
FR2677641B1 (fr) * 1991-06-17 1994-01-28 Propulsion Ste Europeenne Procede d'elaboration de pieces en materiau composite a matrice alumine.
US5849375A (en) * 1996-07-17 1998-12-15 Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company Candle filter
US5780126A (en) * 1996-07-17 1998-07-14 Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Filter material
US5840221A (en) * 1996-12-02 1998-11-24 Saint-Gobain/Norton Industrial Ceramics Corporation Process for making silicon carbide reinforced silicon carbide composite
US20110027603A1 (en) * 2008-12-03 2011-02-03 Applied Nanotech, Inc. Enhancing Thermal Properties of Carbon Aluminum Composites
CN109053188A (zh) * 2018-09-28 2018-12-21 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 一种ZrO2基耐高温复合材料的制备方法
CN116790090A (zh) * 2023-06-26 2023-09-22 招金矿业股份有限公司 耐磨耐腐蚀复合材料及其制备过流部件或内部复合层方法

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GB1016105A (en) * 1961-11-01 1966-01-05 Wood Conversion Co Integrated ceramic bodies
GB1131426A (en) * 1965-03-26 1968-10-23 Morgan Refractories Ltd Improvements in or relating to fibrous insulating materials
GB1302462A (de) * 1970-06-17 1973-01-10
US4404262A (en) * 1981-08-03 1983-09-13 International Harvester Co. Composite metallic and refractory article and method of manufacturing the article
GB2106433B (en) * 1981-09-22 1985-11-06 Ae Plc Squeeze casting of pistons
EP0107919A1 (de) * 1982-10-01 1984-05-09 The British Ceramic Research Association Limited Keramische Siliciumnitridkörper
FR2547577B1 (fr) * 1983-06-20 1989-12-15 Aerospatiale Matiere refractaire composite renforcee de fibres refractaires et son procede de fabrication
JPS60142037A (ja) * 1983-12-28 1985-07-27 Izumi Jidosha Kogyo Kk 内燃機関用ピストンおよびその製造方法

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1986005774A1 (en) 1986-10-09
GB2175893A (en) 1986-12-10

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