EP0219740A2 - Broyeur à billes à passage annulaire - Google Patents

Broyeur à billes à passage annulaire Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0219740A2
EP0219740A2 EP86113617A EP86113617A EP0219740A2 EP 0219740 A2 EP0219740 A2 EP 0219740A2 EP 86113617 A EP86113617 A EP 86113617A EP 86113617 A EP86113617 A EP 86113617A EP 0219740 A2 EP0219740 A2 EP 0219740A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grinding
rotor
grinding container
ball mill
annular gap
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP86113617A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0219740A3 (en
EP0219740B1 (fr
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Hoffmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Reimbold und Strick GmbH and Co
Original Assignee
Reimbold und Strick GmbH and Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Reimbold und Strick GmbH and Co filed Critical Reimbold und Strick GmbH and Co
Priority to AT86113617T priority Critical patent/ATE43798T1/de
Publication of EP0219740A2 publication Critical patent/EP0219740A2/fr
Publication of EP0219740A3 publication Critical patent/EP0219740A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0219740B1 publication Critical patent/EP0219740B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C15/00—Disintegrating by milling members in the form of rollers or balls co-operating with rings or discs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C17/00—Disintegrating by tumbling mills, i.e. mills having a container charged with the material to be disintegrated with or without special disintegrating members such as pebbles or balls
    • B02C17/16—Mills in which a fixed container houses stirring means tumbling the charge
    • B02C17/166—Mills in which a fixed container houses stirring means tumbling the charge of the annular gap type

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an annular gap ball mill for the continuous fine grinding, in particular of mineral hard materials, with a closed grinding container in which a rotor is arranged, the outer surface of which limits a grinding gap with the inner surface of the grinding container, the upper part and the lower part of the rotor being tapered in opposite directions (according to patent 34 31 636).
  • Mineral hard materials such as corundum, zirconium dioxide, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide and similar substances, have so far been mainly crushed in ball mills with iron balls. This requires considerable dwell times of the material in the grinding chamber, and all with the material to be ground and the iron ku Parts that come into contact are subject to very heavy wear. In addition, the grinding process is associated with annoying noise. Another disadvantage of such ball mills is that the abrasion of the iron balls gets into the regrind and has to be washed out in chemical washing processes in a complicated and expensive manner.
  • Annular gap ball mills of the type mentioned at the outset are said to be an improvement over the conventional ball mills, but are not very suitable for the fine grinding of mineral hard materials and only for the grinding of very much softer materials, for example chalk and the like, economically. This is primarily due to the behavior of the grinding balls or grinding beads in the grinding gap.
  • the grinding beads which are pumped into the grinding gap from below with the material to be ground, initially move due to the pressure of the feed pump, with which the grinding material suspension is pressed into the annular gap ball mill, as well as the rotational movement of the rotor in the grinding gap, but they sag when they decrease of the pump pressure by gravity and do not allow a grinding process to take place in the upper part of the grinding gap.
  • the feed pump pressure or the regrind flow must be increased so that the grinding beads are also held in the upper part of the grinding gap; then there is the danger that the grinding beads are discharged together with the regrind, which in turn reduces the grinding performance.
  • the feed pump pressure or the regrind flow must be increased so that the grinding beads are also held in the upper part of the grinding gap; then there is the danger that the grinding beads are discharged together with the regrind, which in turn reduces the grinding performance.
  • the feed pump pressure or the regrind flow must be increased so that the grinding beads are also held in the upper part of the grinding gap; then there is the danger that the grinding beads are discharged together with the regrind, which in turn reduces the grinding performance.
  • the theoretically achievable grinding capacity is accordingly only about half realized.
  • the high packing density of the grinding beads in the lower part of the grinding gap causes a high level of abrasion on the surface of the rotor and the grinding container, and the rotor may even become blocked, especially after the rotor or the feed pump has come to a short
  • Another known annular gap ball mill (DE-OS 28 11 899) has a conical ring-shaped ground material container, the inner surface of which defines a grinding chamber with a conical ring-shaped rotatable displacement body.
  • return channels for the grinding beads are arranged obliquely outwards.
  • the grinding beads show the unfavorable behavior described, and despite the circulation of the grinding beads, the utilization of the entire height of both grinding gap parts for the grinding process is practically not achieved here either.
  • the grinding beads located in the inner downward grinding gap part namely follow the grinding material flow in the outlet direction instead of counteracting it, so that even less work is done in this part of the grinding gap than in the other grinding gap part, in which gravity may cause a certain lengthening of the dwell time.
  • the grinding container can be driven to rotate about the central axis.
  • this measure does not bring any advantages with regard to the optimization of the degree of comminution, but rather does the opposite, because the grinding beads are only driven faster downwards and outwards through the grinding gap, so that the grinding capacity is reduced by shortening their residence time in the grinding gap.
  • This known annular gap ball mill is otherwise only suitable for wet grinding and cannot treat dry material at all.
  • the invention has for its object to improve an annular gap ball mill of the type mentioned in such a way that, by increasing the grinding capacity in the grinding gap, it enables an economically and technically optimal fine grinding even of mineral hard materials even in the dry state.
  • the grinding container is rotatably mounted and connected to a rotary drive.
  • any mineral hard material such as corundum, zirconium dioxide, aluminum oxide, silicon carbide and the like can be finely ground economically even when dry, because the entire height and width of the Grinding gap can be used for the active grinding process of the grinding beads.
  • the centrifugal force dry grinding
  • the centrifugal force as a result of the tapering in opposite directions of the upper part and lower part of the rotor and rotating grinding bowl counteracts the gravity of the grinding beads and prevents their sinking into the grinding gap and that the grinding beads on the outside of the grinding gap of the grinding container and are kept in motion by the rotor on the inside of the grinding gap.
  • the grinding gap is optimally used for the grinding process, because even with a slowly rotating rotor and grinding bowl, it is interspersed in its entire height and width by grinding beads, which achieve high grinding performance due to increased turbulence between the two rotating parts.
  • the speed of rotation of the two rotating parts determines the grinding action by influencing the grinding pearl speed in the grinding gap, so that an adaptation to the ground material can be achieved by speed control, taking into account the prevention of the discharge of the grinding pearls from the grinding gap.
  • the discharge of grinding beads with the material to be ground is effectively prevented by the large centrifugal forces at the equatorial zone of the largest diameter, so that a sieve or the like is omitted and the finely ground material emerges freely from the grinding gap in the direction of the outlet opening.
  • the regrind moved through the grinding gap between the upper part of the rotor and the grinding container to the outlet opening contains practically no grinding beads, so that a subsequent separation of grinding beads and grinding stock is not necessary.
  • there are longer residence times because it is possible to work with lower peripheral speeds of the rotor and the grinding container.
  • the millbase between the millbeads correspondingly moves upwards very slowly and the grain size of the millbase is narrow.
  • the annular gap ball mill according to the invention works extremely well with grinding beads of various sizes, the coarse, heavier grinding beads preferably grinding coarse parts of the ground material in the bottom of the grinding gap and the fine, lighter grinding beads preferably grinding finer parts in the top of the grinding gap because the centrifugal force and thus the buoyancy of the lighter ones Particle increases upwards. If the material now remains in the grinding gap for a sufficiently long time, the hard material is ground in a short time into powder of the desired fineness and discharged in a continuous stream. Corresponding to the higher filling in the grinding gap, the utilization of the energy supplied to the rotor and the grinding container is also greater and the operation of the annular gap ball mill is more economical.
  • the rotor and the grinding container are driven in opposite directions.
  • the additional swirling of the grinding beads and the material to be ground in the grinding gap and in particular in the equatorial zone it is possible in this way to approximately double the output compared to an annular gap ball mill which works with a rotor and an immovable grinding container.
  • the shear gradient essential for the grinding action is therefore here in the lower part of the grinding gap practically on the wall of the inner rotor and in the upper region of the grinding gap on the wall of the outer body.
  • the position of the reversal of the direction of rotation described moves upward with increasing speed of the outer rotor.
  • the direction of rotation of the outer body is selected to be the same as the direction of rotation of the inner rotor, the behavior of the grinding beads in the mill changes.
  • the centrifugal force acting on the liquid filling raises the liquid level in the outlet area.
  • the inner rotor can stand still.
  • the centrifugal force generated by the grinding container, which acts as the outer rotor is sufficient to achieve the effects described in the case of dry grinding.
  • the rotor or the grinding container can be displaceably mounted to change the grinding gap width. It can preferably be displacements transversely to the central axes of the rotor and grinding container that narrow the grinding gap on one side, or coaxial displacements are possible that narrow the grinding gap at the top or bottom.
  • the grinding beads pressed through the narrowing of the grinding gap have a particularly good work performance due to the congestion of grinding material and grinding beads in this narrowing.
  • Different grinding gap constrictions can be expedient to adapt to the mineral hard material to be ground.
  • the displacement can be carried out during the rotation of the rotor and / or grinding container to the eccentricity of both parts change in mill operation and thereby cause an additional increase in performance.
  • the central axes of the rotor and the grinding container can be inclined at an angle relative to one another and / or to the vertical. This results in an improvement in the separation of millbase and millbeads when the millbase is discharged, because the millbeads are kept below an upper outlet for the millbase by centrifugal force. There are many possible variations by combining the change in the width of the grinding gap and the position of the central axes relative to one another.
  • the inner surface of the rotatable grinding container and the outer surface of the rotor have fine-rough surfaces. This means that they must not be particularly smooth, but should not be particularly rough.
  • the fine roughness can be achieved by a suitable coating of the surfaces, which serves as a corrosion and wear protection layer.
  • the inside of the rotor can be ventilated.
  • the grinding container can be surrounded by a coolant jacket.
  • the rotor 13 of an annular gap ball mill 45 which essentially consists of a rotatably mounted grinding container 12 and the rotor 13, is suspended from any frame 10 via an arm 11, a displaceable motor bearing 11a, a motor 17 and a drive shaft 16.
  • the grinding container 12 and the rotor 13 are each constructed from an upper part and a lower part, which are tapered in the form of a truncated cone in opposite directions.
  • the upper parts have a lower height than the lower parts.
  • the upper part 14 of the rotor 13 is covered at a short distance by a cover 15 which is detachably attached as an upper part on the lower part of the grinding container 12 and is adapted to the conical inclination of the upper part 14 of the rotor 13.
  • the upper end of the upper part 14 engages the drive shaft 16, which supports the rotor 13 in the free-floating container 12 and transmits the drive of the motor 17 to the rotor 13.
  • the entire inner surface of the grinding container 12 with cover 15 is provided with a wear and corrosion resistant lining 18, 19 provided which has a fine-rough surface.
  • the outer surface of the rotor 13 with the upper part 14 is equipped with a correspondingly fine-rough surface, which is not shown for the sake of clarity.
  • a parallel-walled annular grinding gap 20 is provided, which is connected via a horizontal space 22 between the flat bottoms of the grinding container 12 and the rotor 13 to a lower central feed opening 21 for the ground material.
  • a parallel discharge gap 23 Between the upper part 14 and the cover 15 or its coating 19 there is a likewise parallel discharge gap 23, the width of which is smaller than the width of the grinding gap 20 and which extends over the entire height of the upper part 14.
  • the lower end of the downwardly diverging outlet gap 23 and the upper end of the upwardly diverging grinding gap 20 open into a radial annular chamber 24.
  • Their upper and lower walls are flat and parallel to one another; its outer end face 25 is convexly curved.
  • the chamber 24 Since the chamber 24 lies on the dividing line between the cover 15 and the lower part of the grinding container 12, it can be opened by removing the cover 15. A spacer 27 is inserted into the division joint 26, which can be exchanged for a spacer of a different thickness in order to raise or lower the grinding container 12 more or less with respect to the rotor 13 in order to change the width of the grinding gap 20.
  • the chamber 24 is accessible through an opening 28 in the cover flange. Through this opening 28 grinding beads are introduced into the grinding gap 20 when the rotor 13 and the grinding container 12 are rotating and mineral hard materials to be comminuted through the feed opening 21 have been introduced into the grinding gap 20 from below.
  • the drive shaft 16 passes through a discharge chamber 29 in a nozzle 30.
  • a discharge chamber 29 in a nozzle 30.
  • outlet openings 31 for the finely ground material that flows from the outlet gap 23 into the discharge chamber 29 is pushed in.
  • elastic seals 32, 33 are arranged at the upper end of the nozzle 30.
  • a fixed ring channel 34 which bears against the nozzle 30 by means of sealing lips 35, picks up the ground material and discharges it via the drain pipe 36.
  • the motor 17 When the annular gap ball mill 45 is operated, the motor 17 first rotates the rotor 13 and the grinding container 12 is driven in the opposite direction. Then, through the feed opening 21 in the hollow axis 39, grinding stock is introduced into the grinding gap 20, and then through the opening 28 grinding beads are added, which may consist of the same material as the material to be crushed, so that the abrasion of the grinding beads does not contaminate the grinding stock and high-purity substances are produced. Since the highest circumferential speed is achieved by the conical configuration of the rotor 13 and the grinding container 12 in the equatorial zone of the largest diameter, the centrifugal force prevents the grinding beads from falling in the grinding gap 20.
  • An excess of grinding beads is collected in the chamber 24, so that a barrier layer arises, which prevents the escape of grinding beads from the grinding gap 20.
  • the grinding beads in the grinding gap 20 fill the grinding gap 20 over its entire height, so that it is used 100% for the grinding process and the ground material is exposed to a maximum grinding attack during its residence time in the grinding gap 20. Grinding beads, which have become so small due to abrasion, for example, that they fit into the outlet gap 23, are returned to the chamber 24 by the centrifugal force, so that the powder emerging from the outlet openings 31 contains no grinding beads and without aftertreatment such as washing or sieving in it desired final state is present.
  • the grinding beads are reliably prevented from sedimentation in the grinding gap 20, the risk of starting difficulties or blocking of the rotor 13 is averted.
  • the wear of the parts is correspondingly low.
  • high grinding capacities are achieved with mineral hard materials, whereby the length of the residence time of the material in the grinding gap can be adjusted by a suitable choice of the peripheral speeds of the rotor and grinding container and the width of the grinding gap.
  • the degree of comminution can be influenced by the size of the grinding beads, which can be different if necessary, whereby a gradual comminution is achieved because coarse grinding beads in the lower part of the annular gap ball mill preferably grind the coarse parts and finer grinding beads in the upper parts preferably comminute the finer parts .
  • the reference numerals of parts which roughly correspond to the example in FIG. 1 are supplemented by "a".
  • the design of the annular gap ball mill 45a differs, inter alia, from the construction according to FIG. 1 in that the grinding gap 20a extends essentially over the entire height of the rotor 13a and grinding container 12a tapering in the shape of a truncated cone in opposite directions, and upper and lower parts 13b, 13c have approximately the same height.
  • the chamber 24 is missing. It is not required because the grinding beads remain at an appropriate speed of the rotor 13a and grinding container 12a due to the centrifugal force in the equator zone and perform increased grinding work in this.
  • the power is increased in that the rotor 13a is displaced across the bearing 11a in the grinding container 12a transversely to its axis of rotation 16a (to the left in the drawing), so that the grinding gap 20a is narrower on one side than on the other.
  • the regrind and milling pearls accumulate in the narrow gap part and the milling effect is increased with continuous upward movement of the milling material in the discharge direction.
  • the drive of the rotor 13a is transmitted by a motor via a pulley 41 fastened to the drive shaft 16a.
  • the grinding container 12a is rotatably mounted in a bearing 37a which is connected to a holder 38a and surrounds a hollow axis 39a.
  • the hollow axle 39a carries a drive pulley 40a.
  • a feed line 21a is passed through the hollow axis 39a and opens into the lower region of the grinding gap 20a.
  • the axes of rotation of rotor 13a and grinding container 12a can be inclined to the vertical.
  • An automatic interval switch can be provided, which can initially drive the grinding container 12a and the rotor 13a with the same direction of rotation, when the maximum speed is reached, move the rotor 13a or the grinding container 12a relative to each other until a one-sided grinding gap 20a of 1 mm is reached and simultaneously switches the grinding container 12a or the rotor 13a to counter-rotation, then return the grinding container 12a or the rotor 13a to its starting position with the same direction of rotation and then has these processes repeated.
  • This process technology is particularly recommended for oxyacetylene grinding in order to achieve high energy density in the narrowed grinding gap.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Cosmetics (AREA)
EP86113617A 1985-08-27 1986-10-02 Broyeur à billes à passage annulaire Expired EP0219740B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86113617T ATE43798T1 (de) 1985-08-27 1986-10-02 Ringspalt-kugelmuehle.

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN85106019A CN85106019B (zh) 1985-08-27 1985-08-27 环形缝隙式球磨机
DE3536454 1985-10-12
DE19853536454 DE3536454A1 (de) 1985-08-27 1985-10-12 Ringspalt-kugelmuehle

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0219740A2 true EP0219740A2 (fr) 1987-04-29
EP0219740A3 EP0219740A3 (en) 1987-09-09
EP0219740B1 EP0219740B1 (fr) 1989-06-07

Family

ID=76193349

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP86113617A Expired EP0219740B1 (fr) 1985-08-27 1986-10-02 Broyeur à billes à passage annulaire

Country Status (14)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0219740B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS6287257A (fr)
KR (1) KR870003822A (fr)
CN (2) CN85106019B (fr)
AT (1) ATE43798T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU581777B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8604966A (fr)
CA (1) CA1244393A (fr)
DD (1) DD250062A5 (fr)
DE (2) DE3536454A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2001716A6 (fr)
FI (1) FI81731C (fr)
GR (1) GR3000094T3 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA867607B (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0704245A1 (fr) * 1994-09-28 1996-04-03 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé de broyage fin comportant un broyeur horizontal et broyeur horizontal
WO2002038500A3 (fr) * 2000-11-08 2002-12-19 Byk Gulden Lomberg Chem Fab Réhydratation de la poudre de magaldrate
IT201800003874A1 (it) * 2018-03-22 2019-09-22 Certech Spa Con Socio Unico Mulino per materiali ceramici

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3838981A1 (de) * 1988-11-18 1990-05-23 Eirich Walter Ruehrwerkskugelmuehle
DE4025987C2 (de) * 1990-08-16 1998-04-09 Buehler Ag Rührwerksmühle
ES2030618A6 (es) * 1990-10-31 1992-11-01 Oliver & Battle Sa Molino para triturar y desaglomerar solidos predispersados en liquidos.
DE4432153A1 (de) 1994-09-09 1996-03-14 Evv Vermoegensverwaltungs Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum kontinuierlichen autogenen Mahlen eines fließfähigen Behandlungsguts
DE19750840B4 (de) * 1996-12-05 2007-07-19 Bühler AG Rührwerkskugelmühle
CN1317079C (zh) * 2004-12-22 2007-05-23 广州晟田化工材料科技有限公司 研磨粉碎机械的磨筒和搅拌磨
JP5192514B2 (ja) * 2010-05-19 2013-05-08 株式会社キンキ 振動ミル
CN101972688A (zh) * 2010-11-19 2011-02-16 山东省农业科学院农产品研究所 高剪切超微粉碎机
CN104338598B (zh) * 2013-07-27 2017-11-10 枣庄福德通用机械有限公司 煤岩矿样粉碎机
CN104368422B (zh) * 2013-08-13 2017-07-14 宁夏嘉翔自控技术有限公司 一种独立球磨机房的球磨机钢球加装系统
CN104971799A (zh) * 2014-04-03 2015-10-14 无锡赫达科技有限公司 一种环隙式纳米砂磨机
CN104146134A (zh) * 2014-07-10 2014-11-19 苏州姑苏食品机械总厂 一种离心式巧克力食品球磨机
CN107952511B (zh) * 2017-12-29 2023-12-15 彭水县龙须晶丝苕粉有限公司 一种红薯粉生产用磨粉机器人
CN109499692A (zh) * 2018-12-13 2019-03-22 长沙米淇仪器设备有限公司 一种椎形立式球磨罐
CN109499690A (zh) * 2018-12-13 2019-03-22 长沙米淇仪器设备有限公司 一种椎形立式球磨罐
CN111087835A (zh) * 2019-12-02 2020-05-01 骆瑜 一种纳米自洁净环保涂料的制备方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4225092A (en) * 1977-11-22 1980-09-30 Microprocess Ltd. Annular grinding mill
DE2811899C2 (de) * 1978-03-18 1984-12-06 Fryma-Maschinen Ag, Rheinfelden Spalt-Kugelmühle
AT367657B (de) * 1978-08-24 1982-07-26 Buehler Ag Geb Ruehrwerkskugelmuehle-regelung
CH640751A5 (en) * 1978-08-24 1984-01-31 Buehler Ag Geb Method for operating an agitator mill and control arrangement for carrying out the method
DE3431636C1 (de) * 1984-08-29 1985-10-17 Reimbold & Strick GmbH & Co, 5000 Köln Ringspalt-Kugelmuehle

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0704245A1 (fr) * 1994-09-28 1996-04-03 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Procédé de broyage fin comportant un broyeur horizontal et broyeur horizontal
WO2002038500A3 (fr) * 2000-11-08 2002-12-19 Byk Gulden Lomberg Chem Fab Réhydratation de la poudre de magaldrate
IT201800003874A1 (it) * 2018-03-22 2019-09-22 Certech Spa Con Socio Unico Mulino per materiali ceramici
EP3542904A1 (fr) * 2018-03-22 2019-09-25 Certech S.P.A. A Socio Unico Moulin pour matériaux céramiques
CN110293479A (zh) * 2018-03-22 2019-10-01 塞泰克单一股东股份公司 一种用于研磨材料的磨机

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN85106019A (zh) 1987-02-25
CN1007212B (zh) 1990-03-21
GR3000094T3 (en) 1990-11-29
JPS6287257A (ja) 1987-04-21
DD250062A5 (de) 1987-09-30
BR8604966A (pt) 1987-07-14
AU581777B2 (en) 1989-03-02
FI863754A0 (fi) 1986-09-17
EP0219740A3 (en) 1987-09-09
EP0219740B1 (fr) 1989-06-07
ES2001716A6 (es) 1988-06-01
KR870003822A (ko) 1987-05-04
FI81731C (fi) 1990-12-10
CN85106019B (zh) 1987-10-28
CN86106362A (zh) 1987-04-08
AU6171986A (en) 1987-04-16
ZA867607B (en) 1987-06-24
CA1244393A (fr) 1988-11-08
FI863754L (fi) 1987-04-13
FI81731B (fi) 1990-08-31
DE3663778D1 (en) 1989-07-13
DE3536454A1 (de) 1987-04-16
ATE43798T1 (de) 1989-06-15

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