EP0243640B1 - Collecteur - Google Patents

Collecteur Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0243640B1
EP0243640B1 EP87103729A EP87103729A EP0243640B1 EP 0243640 B1 EP0243640 B1 EP 0243640B1 EP 87103729 A EP87103729 A EP 87103729A EP 87103729 A EP87103729 A EP 87103729A EP 0243640 B1 EP0243640 B1 EP 0243640B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dovetail
collector
commutator
webs
indentations
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87103729A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0243640A2 (fr
EP0243640A3 (en
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Knoerzer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CUPEX S.A.
Original Assignee
KOLLEKTOR GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by KOLLEKTOR GmbH filed Critical KOLLEKTOR GmbH
Priority to AT87103729T priority Critical patent/ATE72912T1/de
Publication of EP0243640A2 publication Critical patent/EP0243640A2/fr
Publication of EP0243640A3 publication Critical patent/EP0243640A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0243640B1 publication Critical patent/EP0243640B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01R—ELECTRICALLY-CONDUCTIVE CONNECTIONS; STRUCTURAL ASSOCIATIONS OF A PLURALITY OF MUTUALLY-INSULATED ELECTRICAL CONNECTING ELEMENTS; COUPLING DEVICES; CURRENT COLLECTORS
    • H01R39/00—Rotary current collectors, distributors or interrupters
    • H01R39/02—Details for dynamo electric machines
    • H01R39/04—Commutators

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a collector for electrical machines.
  • a known collector of this type has a carrier bushing, on the outer jacket of which dovetail-like fastening means extending in the circumferential direction are provided.
  • Collector lamellae are attached to this carrier sleeve by means of complementary, dovetail-like fastening means.
  • the collector lamellae each extend in the axial direction and they form a lamella ring around the carrier sleeve, with adjacent collector lamellae being electrically insulated.
  • the dovetail-like fasteners are designed so that a space remains between the carrier sleeve and the collector lamellae. This space is filled with a potting compound, e.g. a fiber-reinforced epoxy resin.
  • the potting compound connects the collector lamellae to the carrier sleeve, and in the hardened state it forms an insulation layer between the carrier sleeve and the collector lamellae.
  • the dovetail-like fastening means on the carrier sleeve and collector plates are selected so that the collector plates can be attached radially from the outside to the carrier sleeve with axial orientation.
  • Dovetails on the collector lamellas fit through the neck-like constrictions of dovetail openings in the carrier sleeve, and dovetails on the carrier liner also fit through the neck-like constrictions of dovetail openings in the collector lamellae.
  • dovetails come to rest in dovetail openings, but the dovetail structure does not interlock.
  • a fluid connection between the carrier bush and the lamellar ring is only established when the gap remaining between the two is filled with the sealing compound.
  • the collector lamellae can be placed radially on the carrier sleeve with axial orientation, but the sealing compound between the lamellae and the carrier sleeve is also subjected to tensile stresses during operation.
  • the peripheral speed of the known collector is therefore limited to approximately 40 m / second.
  • the state of the art includes a collector of the type mentioned at the outset, in which the fastening means on the carrier bushing and collector lamellae lie in a dovetail arrangement engaging behind the axial orientation of the collector lamellae, in which the neck is one Dovetail opening is so narrow that the head of a dovetail coming into it does not fit through.
  • the dovetail webs on the carrier bush are interrupted to form a radial slot. The collector lamellae are inserted into the slot and drawn onto the carrier sleeve in the circumferential direction.
  • the slot is closed with a wedge that carries the last collector slat.
  • the wedge is a profile part that sits in a profile groove of the carrier sleeve to absorb the centrifugal forces.
  • the object of the invention is to provide, in a variant of the last-mentioned collector design, a structurally simple, economically producible collector which, with high thermal load capacity, not least because of good air cooling, allows higher peripheral speeds to be achieved.
  • the invention avoids continuous axial slots in the dovetail-like webs of the carrier bush, which eliminates possible weak points in the collector arrangement.
  • the wedges required in the prior art for closing these slots are also superfluous. Nonetheless, once the assembly has been completed, the desired toothing of the dovetail-like fastening means on the carrier bushing and collector lamellae is obtained, so that the potting compound which lies between them is exposed to a pure pressure load. In this way, peripheral speeds of the collector of up to 70 m / second can be achieved with a minimal runout of the collector surface.
  • a vault tension built up in the lamella composite before the potting compound is introduced can be fully retained.
  • Another advantage of the design according to the invention is the small radial space required for anchoring the slats regardless of the overall length of the collector. This allows large ventilation openings in the carrier sleeve can be provided, and thanks to the improved cooling option, the thermal load capacity of the collector is increased. At the same time, the weight of the collector can be reduced considerably.
  • the incisions provided according to the invention on the dovetail-like webs of the carrier bushing enable the collector flags to be placed obliquely.
  • the incisions of adjacent webs are offset from one another in the circumferential direction, as a result of which the weakening of the carrier sleeve is distributed over a larger circumferential area.
  • the incisions of adjacent webs are offset in the circumferential direction by at least the width of one collector lamella. It is thus achieved that, after axial alignment, at most one incision hits each collector lamella to be located in the assembly area. At most, one of the webs holding the collector lamella has an incision, while all the other webs have no incision, and the weakening in the composite is correspondingly low.
  • the incisions should be as small as possible. In particular, they can have a width that only exceeds that of a collector lamella by a slight assembly play. The incisions are then aligned along a straight line along which the collector lamellae are attached to the support sleeve at an angle to the axial direction.
  • the incisions can all be on the same side of the webs and cut their dovetail head, where they meet the dovetail ring groove lying radially on the inside. At least one edge web, but possibly also other webs of the carrier sleeve can remain without incision. In this way, the weakening emanating from the incisions is kept low, and collector slats can be conveniently attached in a swiveling movement, the swiveling plane of which is not an axial plane.
  • the carrier bushing can be provided with the incisions in a machining production process.
  • incisions in the form of millings can be considered.
  • the collector shown consists of a carrier bushing 10 and a ring of collector lamellaes 12 mounted thereon in the circumferential direction. This ring is partially broken open so that an assembly area of the carrier bushing 10 is visible.
  • the carrier sleeve 10 has a circular cylindrical basic shape.
  • Its central axis 14 represents the axis of rotation of the collector.
  • the carrier sleeve 10 is designed as a collector hub, which is indicated in the exemplary embodiment shown by a central, axial cylinder bore 16.
  • the collector hub can also have any other shape, for example, and can be designed as a guide bush, clover leaf opening, etc., which is mounted in a cross (not shown). The collector sits with the hub on the shaft of an electrical machine such as an electric motor, generator or converter.
  • Fastening means for the collector plates 12 in the form of webs 18, 20, which extend in the circumferential direction, are located on the outer jacket of the carrier bushing 10.
  • four parallel webs 18, 20 are provided at an axial distance.
  • the two middle webs 18 have a dovetail shape in cross section, and they expand radially outwards.
  • the edge webs 20, on the other hand have the cross-sectional shape of a dovetail cut in half in a central plane, and they are additionally beveled in the region of their head, so that the axial end faces 22 of the carrier bushing 10 have a circumferential phase 24 radially on the outside.
  • grooves 26 Between the webs 18, 20 on the outer casing of the carrier bush 10 there are circumferential annular grooves 26. Their groove openings also have a dovetail-shaped cross section, and they expand radially from the outside inwards. The groove openings are larger in width and depth than the dovetail-shaped webs 18.
  • the collector lamellae 12 are circular cylinder segments with essentially the same axial length as the carrier sleeve 10. They are preferably made of copper and are against and against each other the carrier sleeve 10 insulated in a ring on the outer jacket of the carrier sleeve 10 attached. For this purpose, the collector lamellae 12 have on their radial inner edge dovetail-like fastening means which mesh with those on the carrier bushing 10. In detail, one can see three dovetails 28 protruding from the radial inner edge of a collector lamella 12, between which there are two dovetail openings 30. The latter are in turn larger than the dovetails 28.
  • the dovetails 28 of the collector lamellae 12 lie in the annular grooves 26 of the carrier sleeve 10, and the webs 18, 20 of the carrier liner 10 engage in the dovetail openings 30 of the collector lamellae 12.
  • the carrier sleeve 10 and the collector fins 12 do not touch each other. Rather, a gap 32 remains between the dovetail structures and is filled with a casting compound 34.
  • a dovetail arrangement engaging behind the axial orientation of the collector lamellae 12 is provided, in which the neck of the dovetail openings 26, 30 is so narrow that the head of the dovetails 18, 28 to be located therein does not fit through the constriction point.
  • the collector lamellae 12 can therefore not simply be attached radially to the carrier bushing 10 in the case of an axial orientation. Rather, an attachment is only possible in an assembly area of the carrier bushing 10, which is shown in more detail in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the middle webs 18 of the carrier bushing 10 are provided with incisions 36.
  • the incisions are located on the same half-side of the webs 18. They cut the dovetail head and meet the radially inside, dovetail-shaped annular groove 26.
  • the incisions 36 are along a straight line 38 aligned, which extends at an angle ⁇ to the central axis 14 of the collector.
  • the width of the incisions 36 is greater by a small amount of assembly play than the width of a collector lamella 12.
  • the incisions 36 are produced as milled sections with a milling cutter of corresponding diameter and their inner boundary surface is rounded accordingly.
  • this form is in no way mandatory for the invention; rather, the incisions 36 can, for example, also have a rectangular outline.
  • the collector slats 12 When the collector slats 12 are attached, they are oriented in the longitudinal direction parallel to the straight line 38. As can be seen in FIG. 3, an edge-side dovetail 28 of the collector lamella 12 is first inserted into the edge-side annular groove 26 of the carrier bushing 10, which is not expanded by an incision 36. The collector lamella 12 is then lowered in a pivoting movement, with its remaining dovetails 28 being passed through the incisions 36.
  • the swivel plane goes through the straight line 38 and is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 2; it therefore includes the mentioned angle ⁇ with an axial plane perpendicular to the plane of the drawing in FIG. 2. After the collector lamella 12 has been lowered, it is possible to align it in the axial direction, as a result of which the desired rear-engaging dovetail arrangement is produced.
  • the incisions 36 of adjacent webs 18 are offset from one another in the circumferential direction. This offset should at least correspond to the width of a collector lamella. It is achieved in this way that, after all the collector plates 12 have been axially aligned, at most one incision 36 comes to lie at the level of one collector plate 12. The resulting weakening of the network is slight.
  • the newly placed collector lamellae 12 are threaded further in the circumferential direction of the carrier bushing 10, the orientation of the collector lamellae 12 obliquely to the central axis 14 initially being maintained.
  • the ring of lamellae is closed until there is a gap for a last collector lamella at exactly the incisions 36.
  • This is applied, whereupon the ring can be rotated until all collector lugs 12 assume their end position with an axial longitudinal direction.
  • the potting compound 34 is inserted in a pressing process, which closes the gap 32 between the carrier sleeve 10 and the collector ring.
  • the dovetails 18, 20, 28 on the carrier bushing 10 and the collector lamellae 12 are of the same size and are located at the same axial distance.
  • the dovetail openings 26, 30 of the carrier bushing 10 and collector lamellae 12 are of equal size, located at the same axial distance and, as mentioned, larger than the dovetails 18, 20, 28 engaging therein.
  • the contour of dovetails and dovetail openings is the same, so that the gap 32 between the carrier sleeve 10 and the collector lamellae 12 has a more or less constant width throughout.
  • the potting compound 34 thus introduced forms a layer of approximately constant thickness throughout. In the hardened state, it holds the lamellar ring on the carrier sleeve 10, and at the same time it forms an electrical insulation between the carrier sleeve 10 and the individual collector lamellae 12.
  • the potting compound 34 located between the flanks of the dovetail structure is primarily subjected to pressure due to the centrifugal forces acting on the collector fins 12.
  • the potting compound 34 is able to apply considerable pressure Record, so that according to the invention high peripheral speeds can be controlled on the collector jacket.
  • carrier bushing 10 and lamellar ring which are interlocked in a meander structure, do not necessarily have to be dovetail-like. Rather, other interlocking form-locking means can also be used which have grooves with neck-like constriction points and complementary heads engaging in the grooves, the heads not fitting through the neck-like constriction point.
  • the invention is also not limited to the number of dovetail openings shown in the figures and the dovetails meshing therewith. Depending on the axial length of the collector, an adapted number of dovetails can be used.
  • the form of attachment according to the invention is therefore suitable for all possible sizes.
  • the collector lamellae 12 shown in the figures have at their one axial end a radially projecting connecting lug 40. However, the presence of such a lug is not essential for the invention.
  • Adjacent collector fins 12 can be insulated from one another, for example, with mica.
  • a potting compound 34 is in particular a fiber-reinforced, creep-resistant epoxy resin combination without asbestos fillers.
  • the carrier bushing 10 projects beyond the collector lamella ring in the axial direction. It is advisable to apply casting compound 34 also in the area of this protrusion, in order to create a frontal closure. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the entire half-dovetail 20 is embedded in casting compound 34.
  • the small thickness of the sealing compound layer 34 which is sufficient to create a perfect bond between the carrier bushing 10 and the collector lamellae 12, is remarkable.
  • the thin plastic layer enables good heat exchange and prevents unwanted thermal stresses.
  • the close interlocking of the collector lamellae 12 with the carrier bushing 10 at a precisely defined distance creates a mechanical connection of the highest strength.
  • Another advantage of this design is the small radial space required for anchoring the collector lamellae 12, regardless of the axial length. As a result, large ventilation openings can be provided in the carrier bushing 10 or collector hub, there being extensive freedom in terms of the shape. In particular for applications with draft-ventilated motors, there is better cooling, ie greater performance.
  • the even distribution of the centrifugal forces over the entire length of the collector enables a low slat height even at extreme peripheral speeds.
  • the collector according to the invention is further characterized by very good dielectric properties. It has a large insulation resistance, regardless of the temperature, and it can be manufactured in insulation classes F and H in particular. A diameter range of 70 to 500 mm and an axial length of 15 to 450 mm are taken into account for the size, but it is also conceivable to manufacture larger or smaller collectors. Overall, a press fabric collector is realized for increased peripheral speeds and a greater thermal load capacity with good air cooling options and economical production.

Landscapes

  • Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
  • Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)

Claims (6)

  1. Collecteur pour machine électrique comportant une douille support (10) sur l'enveloppe de laquelle sont prévus des moyens de fixation du genre queue d'aronde qui se présentent sous la forme de nervures (18, 20) et de rainures (26) et s'étendent dans le sens circulaire, et qui peuvent, avec des lamelles de collecteur (12) et à l'aide de moyens de fixation du genre queue d'aronde complémentaires (28, 30) être disposés suivant une configuration de queue d'aronde à prise arrière dans le sens axial des lamelles de collecteur (12), par lequel le col d'une ouverture de la queue d'aronde (26, 30) est rendu si étroit que la partie supérieure d'une queue d'aronde (18, 20) destinée à venir se placer dans celle-ci ne peut passer au travers d'où il résulte que, entre la douille support (10) et les lamelles de collecteur (12) se trouve un intervalle (32) qui peut être rempli avec une masse de remplissage (34),
    caractérisé en ce que
    à un emplacement au moins du pourtour de la douille support (10) des encoches (36) sont prévues dans les nervures (18) de la douille support (10) par lesquelles un angle (α) opposé aux lamelles de collecteur (12) orientées dans le sens axial peut être formé permettant de réaliser la disposition en queue d'aronde à prise arrière par un alignement dans le sens axial des lamelles de collecteur (12).
  2. Collecteur selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les nervures (18) contiguës aux encoches (36) sont décalées dans le sens axial au moins sur la largeur d'une lamelle de collecteur (12).
  3. Collecteur selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les encoches (36) ont une largeur qui excède celle d'une lamelle de collecteur (12) sur un seul jeu d'assemblage et en ce que les encoches (36) sont orientées suivant une droite (38).
  4. Collecteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les encoches (36) sont disposées sur un même côté des nervures (18) et attaquent la partie supérieure en queue d'aronde de ces dernières, d'où il résulte que les encoches (36) viennent au contact des rainures en queue d'aronde (26) ainsi formées dans la partie interne suivant le sens radial.
  5. Collecteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    au moins une rainure de bordure (20), et éventuellement un nombre plus grand de nervures (18, 20) de la douille support (10), est/sont dépourvue (s) d'encoches.
  6. Collecteur selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les encoches (36) sont réalisées par fraisage.
EP87103729A 1986-05-02 1987-03-14 Collecteur Expired - Lifetime EP0243640B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87103729T ATE72912T1 (de) 1986-05-02 1987-03-14 Kollektor.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3614918 1986-05-02
DE19863614918 DE3614918A1 (de) 1986-05-02 1986-05-02 Kollektor

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0243640A2 EP0243640A2 (fr) 1987-11-04
EP0243640A3 EP0243640A3 (en) 1988-04-13
EP0243640B1 true EP0243640B1 (fr) 1992-02-26

Family

ID=6300042

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87103729A Expired - Lifetime EP0243640B1 (fr) 1986-05-02 1987-03-14 Collecteur

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0243640B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE72912T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3614918A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2028776T3 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005030454A1 (de) * 2005-06-28 2007-01-04 Kolektor Group D.O.O. Leiterrohling für einen Trommelkommutator, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen sowie Trommelkommutator

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE853608C (de) * 1941-11-16 1952-10-27 Siemens Ag Kommutator, insbesondere Pressstoffkommutator
FR1013863A (fr) * 1950-03-06 1952-08-05 Collecteurs pour moteurs et génératrices
DE1034262B (de) * 1953-08-24 1958-07-17 Siemens Schuckertwerke Gmbh Kommutator, insbesondere Press- oder Ausgussmassekommutator
DE3443107A1 (de) * 1984-11-27 1986-05-28 Kollektor GmbH, 7812 Bad Krozingen Kollektor

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005030454A1 (de) * 2005-06-28 2007-01-04 Kolektor Group D.O.O. Leiterrohling für einen Trommelkommutator, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines solchen sowie Trommelkommutator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3614918C2 (fr) 1989-02-23
DE3614918A1 (de) 1987-11-05
ES2028776T3 (es) 1992-08-16
ES2028776T1 (es) 1992-07-16
EP0243640A2 (fr) 1987-11-04
EP0243640A3 (en) 1988-04-13
ATE72912T1 (de) 1992-03-15
DE3776810D1 (de) 1992-04-02

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