EP0249785B1 - Chaudière à électrodes pour la production de vapeur ou d'eau chaude - Google Patents

Chaudière à électrodes pour la production de vapeur ou d'eau chaude Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0249785B1
EP0249785B1 EP87107853A EP87107853A EP0249785B1 EP 0249785 B1 EP0249785 B1 EP 0249785B1 EP 87107853 A EP87107853 A EP 87107853A EP 87107853 A EP87107853 A EP 87107853A EP 0249785 B1 EP0249785 B1 EP 0249785B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulator
electrode
moulding
support member
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87107853A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0249785A1 (fr
Inventor
Albert Dr. Künzli
Kurt Schütz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sulzer AG
Original Assignee
Gebrueder Sulzer AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gebrueder Sulzer AG filed Critical Gebrueder Sulzer AG
Publication of EP0249785A1 publication Critical patent/EP0249785A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0249785B1 publication Critical patent/EP0249785B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B17/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form
    • H01B17/52—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by their form having cleaning devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/28—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method in boilers heated electrically
    • F22B1/30—Electrode boilers
    • F22B1/303—Electrode boilers with means for injecting or spraying water against electrodes or with means for water circulation
    • F22B1/306—Electrode boilers with means for injecting or spraying water against electrodes or with means for water circulation with at least one electrode permanently above the water surface
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/18—Water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/20—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes
    • F24H1/201—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes using electric energy supply
    • F24H1/203—Water-storage heaters with immersed heating elements, e.g. electric elements or furnace tubes using electric energy supply with electrodes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an electrode boiler used for steam or hot water production with a container partially filled with water, in which at least one electrode connected to an AC network is arranged, which is attached to the container with the interposition of an electrical insulator arranged above the water level.
  • boilers of this type there is usually a counterelectrode associated with the electrode, which is electrically connected to the container, and the water, possibly moving, between the electrode and the counterelectrode forms an electrical current path.
  • a counterelectrode associated with the electrode, which is electrically connected to the container, and the water, possibly moving, between the electrode and the counterelectrode forms an electrical current path.
  • substances contained in the water are carried into the region of the insulator via the steam which forms and / or via water splashes and are deposited on the surface of the insulator in the form of crystals. It is particularly dangerous if these deposits grow together to form electrically conductive layers that can cause short circuits.
  • the deposits chemically attack the ceramic insulator, so that its surface becomes increasingly rougher as a result of this corrosion, which promotes the formation of the deposits and thus the risk of short circuits.
  • the insulator is subjected to mechanical stresses, which can lead to the destruction of the insulator due to the brittleness of the ceramic material. As a result, the isolator has to be replaced frequently, which leads to undesirable interruptions in operation.
  • the insulator consists of an electrically insulating, hollow molded body made of fluoroplastic, which has a longitudinal axis, and a supporting body which transmits mechanical forces and extends in the longitudinal axis of the molded body therein, that at least at one end of the insulator Shaped body covers the end face of the support body and that this insulator end is arranged in a recess adapted to its contour in an adjacent boiler component such that the end region of the shaped body is clamped between the support body and the recess of the component.
  • the molded body consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene according to claim 3 has proven to be advantageous at high temperatures, such as occur in steam-generating electrode boilers.
  • a pump 10 which is driven by an electric motor 11 and is arranged in the water 3, conveys water via a central riser pipe 12 to a nozzle assembly 13 and into an adjoining housing 15, which is provided with an overflow pipe 16, via the water into the lower part of the container 2 flows back.
  • the nozzle assembly 13 has the shape of a vertical hexagonal prism. Every second side of this prism has in the middle a row of vertically superposed nozzles 14 which form parallel water jets directed against the associated electrode 4. The water thus striking each electrode 4 falls on a nozzle plate 18 attached to the lower electrode end and consisting of a perforated sheet metal. Between this nozzle plate and the water level in the container 2, a counter electrode 5 is arranged, which likewise consists of a sheet metal plate provided with vertical bores and is attached to the container in an electrically conductive manner.
  • the upper insulator 6 is essentially tubular and is firmly connected to the electrode 4 at the bottom and to a bushing tube 8 at the top by means of fastening elements (not shown).
  • the further insulator 7, which is similar to the insulator 6 is designed, is fixed at one end to the wall of the container 2 and articulated to the electrode 4 at the other end.
  • the container 2 is provided with an earth conductor 9 ', so that the water jets between the nozzle plate 18 and the counter electrode 5 form the current path for the electrical alternating current. As a result of the electrical resistance of the water jets, their water heats up and partially evaporates. The steam escapes via an outlet connection 30 and reaches consumers (not shown). Feed water is supplied via a supply nozzle 31.
  • the power control of the electrode kettle takes place by means of a vertically movable control hood 20 with a hexagonal cross section, which is arranged around the riser pipe 12 and the nozzle block 13 and has at its upper end a scraper ring 21 sliding over the nozzle block 13.
  • a vertical, coaxial toothed rack 23 which is in engagement with a toothed wheel which is driven by a gear motor 27 with a reversible direction of rotation via a shaft 26.
  • the more the control hood is lifted the more nozzles 14 are covered by the scraper ring 21 and the fewer water jets are connected to the associated electrode 4, so that the amount of water reaching the respective counter electrode 5 is reduced and the amount of steam decreases.
  • the insulator 6 consists of an essentially hollow cylindrical support body 61 and an electrically insulating, hollow molded body 62 made of fluoroplastic, e.g. Polytetrafluoroethylene.
  • the molded body has an outer jacket 62 'with annular beads 63 distributed over its length and an inner jacket 62 ", the support body 61 extending between the jackets 62' and 62".
  • the two jackets are connected by means of a connecting section 62 '"which covers the end face of the support body.
  • the axial length of the molded body 62 or its two jackets extends almost to the lower end of the support body 61.
  • the support body 61 At the lower end of the Insulator 6 is the support body 61 in a cylindrical recess 4 'of the electrode 4.
  • the upper end of the insulator 6 is in an annular groove-shaped recess 8' of the lead-through tube 8, the molded body 62 between the support body and the recess 8 'at this fastening end of the insulator.
  • connection of the isolator 6 with the lead-through tube 8 and with the electrode 4 can be realized, for example, by means of a hollow screw, not shown, coaxial with the insulator 6, through the interior of which the current conductor, also not shown, extends.
  • the electrical conductivity of the water is optimized by adding electrolytes (salts or bases). These and other substances contained in the water tend to settle in the form of crystals in the interior of the container 2. As far as the insulators 6 and 7 above the water level are affected, this can - as already described - have serious consequences.
  • the arrangement of the fluoroplastic molded body 62 prevents such substances from settling on the insulators 6 and 7, since the plastic surface is so smooth and resistant to chemical attacks that no significant deposits take place.
  • the output of the electrode boiler can also be set so that only hot water is produced.
  • the invention can also be applied to other types of electrode boilers; e.g. to those in which the electrode and the counter electrode each have the shape of a shell with an overflow edge for the water, or in which the electrode and the counter electrode are arranged coaxially with one another and immersed in water.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Levels Of Liquids Or Fluent Solid Materials (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)

Claims (3)

1. Chaudière à électrodes servant à la production de vapeur ou d'eau chaude, comportant un recevoir (2) partiellement rempli d'eau, dans lequel est placée au moins une électrode (4) reliée à un réseau de courant alternatif, qui est fixée sur le réservoir (2) par l'intermédiaire d'un isolateur (6) électrique placé au-dessus du niveau de l'eau, caractérisée en ce que l'isolateur (6) est constitué d'un corps façonné (62) en matière plastique au fluor, électriquement isolant, creux, présentant un axe longitudinal, et d'un corps d'appui (61) transmettant les forces mécaniques, s'étendant dans le corps façonné (62) dans la direction de son axe longitudinal, en ce que le corps façonné (62) recouvre la face frontale du corps d'appui (61), au moins à une extrémité de l'isolateur (6), et en ce que cette extrémité d'isolateur est placée dans un évidement (8') adapté à son contour, dans un composant de chaudière voisin, de telle sorte que la région terminale du corps façonné (62) est serrée entre le corps d'appui (61) et l'évidement (8') du composant.
2. Chaudière selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le corps d'appui (61) forme un corps creux, coaxial avec l'axe longitudinal du corps façonné (62) et en ce que le corps façonné (62), partant de l'extrémité serrée, présente une enveloppe (61'; 61") recouvrant la face intérieure du corps d'appui (61) et qui s'étend au moins sur la plus grande partie de la longueur axiale du corps d'appui (61).
3. Chaudière selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que le corps façonné (62) est en poly- tétrafluoréthylène.
EP87107853A 1986-06-18 1987-05-30 Chaudière à électrodes pour la production de vapeur ou d'eau chaude Expired - Lifetime EP0249785B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2462/86A CH670147A5 (fr) 1986-06-18 1986-06-18
CH2462/86 1986-06-18

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0249785A1 EP0249785A1 (fr) 1987-12-23
EP0249785B1 true EP0249785B1 (fr) 1990-09-12

Family

ID=4234365

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87107853A Expired - Lifetime EP0249785B1 (fr) 1986-06-18 1987-05-30 Chaudière à électrodes pour la production de vapeur ou d'eau chaude

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US4812618A (fr)
EP (1) EP0249785B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2510202B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU586106B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA1270288A (fr)
CH (1) CH670147A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE3764876D1 (fr)
FI (1) FI83367C (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103307740A (zh) * 2013-07-09 2013-09-18 广东威博电器有限公司 一种高热水输出率的电热水器

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104822988B (zh) 2012-12-05 2016-10-26 金诺儿 具有电极单元的电极锅炉
DK179836B1 (en) * 2018-01-18 2019-07-29 Waturu Holding Aps Device for treating and heating water in tank style water heaters
CN112447342B (zh) * 2020-11-18 2022-04-19 江西百新电瓷电气有限公司 一种高强度超高压空心瓷绝缘子及其使用方法

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH608585A5 (en) * 1976-08-13 1979-01-15 Sulzer Ag Water distribution chamber for electrical steam generators
US4314139A (en) * 1979-07-25 1982-02-02 Aqua-Chem, Inc. Electric boiler having means for controlling steam generation
US4292498A (en) * 1979-09-07 1981-09-29 Kewanee Boiler Corporation High voltage electrode steam boiler and electrode assembly therefor
GB2128305B (en) * 1982-09-24 1986-01-08 Colin Cooper Electrode boiler
AU594323B2 (en) * 1985-02-28 1990-03-08 Vapor Corporation Electrode configuration for a high voltage electric boiler

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103307740A (zh) * 2013-07-09 2013-09-18 广东威博电器有限公司 一种高热水输出率的电热水器
CN103307740B (zh) * 2013-07-09 2016-01-20 广东威博电器有限公司 一种高热水输出率的电热水器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FI871760A7 (fi) 1987-12-19
EP0249785A1 (fr) 1987-12-23
DE3764876D1 (de) 1990-10-18
AU7441387A (en) 1987-12-24
FI83367C (fi) 1991-06-25
CA1270288A (fr) 1990-06-12
FI871760A0 (fi) 1987-04-22
JPS62299652A (ja) 1987-12-26
CH670147A5 (fr) 1989-05-12
AU586106B2 (en) 1989-06-29
US4812618A (en) 1989-03-14
JP2510202B2 (ja) 1996-06-26
FI83367B (fi) 1991-03-15

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