EP0252895A2 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen hochfester Schienen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen hochfester Schienen Download PDF

Info

Publication number: EP0252895A2
Authority: EP; European Patent Office
Prior art keywords: rail; cooling; water; temperature; core
Prior art date: 1986-07-10
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.): Granted

Application number

EP87870094A

Other languages

English (en)

French (fr)

Other versions

EP0252895B1 (de

EP0252895A3 (en

Inventor

Marios Economopoulos

Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)

Centre de Recherches Metallurgiques CRM ASBL

Original Assignee

Centre de Recherches Metallurgiques CRM ASBL

Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)

1986-07-10

Filing date

1987-07-07

Publication date

1988-01-13

1987-07-07 Application filed by Centre de Recherches Metallurgiques CRM ASBL filed Critical Centre de Recherches Metallurgiques CRM ASBL

1987-07-07 Priority to AT87870094T priority Critical patent/ATE81676T1/de

1988-01-13 Publication of EP0252895A2 publication Critical patent/EP0252895A2/de

1990-07-18 Publication of EP0252895A3 publication Critical patent/EP0252895A3/fr

1992-10-21 Application granted granted Critical

1992-10-21 Publication of EP0252895B1 publication Critical patent/EP0252895B1/de

2007-07-07 Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Status Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/04—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails

Definitions

the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a high-resistance rail, as well as to a device for implementing this method.
This process involves heat treatment of the rail as soon as it leaves the rolling mill, that is to say in the rolling hot.
the rails are subjected to increasingly severe stresses which require ever higher levels of properties.
the aforementioned strength properties are especially important in the bead of the rail, because it is this part, and in particular its upper zone, which is subjected to the highest stresses, in particular in terms of wear and shocks.
the bead of the rail must be made of fine perlite free from proeutectoid ferrite and martensite and possibly containing a small percentage of bainite, and that it is also advisable for the hardness gradient in the bead be as low as possible.
the steels used for the manufacture of high strength rails generally contain from 0.4% to 0.85% of carbon, from 0.4 to 1% of manganese and from 0.1% to 0.4% of silicon, the the rest being essentially iron.
This process makes it possible to economically produce straight rails, having the desired properties, in particular a Brinell hardness of the order of 380, with steels having the composition mentioned above.
alloying elements for example from 0.1% to 0.5% of chromium and up to 1% of silicon.
the present invention provides a method for producing high strength rails, having a Brinell hardness of at least about 400 in the upper region of the bead, while avoiding the drawbacks mentioned above.
the Applicant wishes to clarify what is meant, in practice, by the expression "immediately after leaving the rail of the rolling mill train". It is known that the rail leaving the rolling mill has irregularly shaped ends which must be cut; for this purpose, the rail is sent to a hot sawing station located between the actual outlet of the rolling mill and the controlled cooling installation. During this hot sawing operation, the rail inevitably undergoes a certain cooling in the air, but for an insufficient time for the temperature of the rail to drop to the point of causing an onset of allotropic transformation in the rail. It is after this cooling in the air that the controlled cooling which is the subject of the invention begins.
the final cooling down to ambient temperature consists of a stay of the rail in the calm air during which the surface layer of the core undergoes tempering under the action of the heat which it draws , by conduction, of the interior parts of the soul. Also by conduction, these extract heat from the bead, cooled less intensely than the core. During this final cooling, the inner parts of the core transform into perlite.
This additional cooling of the bead makes it possible to achieve the desired hardness of 400 Brinell while avoiding any formation of martensite in the bead.
the cooling intensities will be expressed by the average density of heat flow characterizing these cooling. It is the quantity of heat (Joules) extracted from the rail per unit of time (seconds) and per unit of area (m2) of the surface subjected to cooling; it is expressed in MJ / s.m2 or MW / m2.
Figure 1 shows, in cross section, a rail composed of a bead 1, a core 2 and a shoe 3.
the constituent parts of the rail are subjected to respective cooling intensities ⁇ 1, ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 3, symbolized by arrows.
the average heat flux density of the bead, ⁇ 1 provides cooling which gives rise to pearlitic transformation in the bead 1, without the formation of martensite.
this average density of heat flow ⁇ 2 is much higher than ⁇ 1 and it gives rise to a real surface hardening of the core; it is formed, in the two faces of the core 2, surface layers 4 tempered, that is to say made of martensite and / or bainite.
the average heat flux density ⁇ 3 in the shoe 3 is proportional to ⁇ 2 so as to avoid any difference in thermal deformation between the core and the shoe and thus to ensure the straightness of the rail during and after the treatment.
the energetic cooling of the core 2 has the effect of extracting heat from the bead 1 and of contributing to the cooling of the latter. This effect is not, however, abrupt and it does not cause martensite formation in the bead. It nevertheless makes it possible to reduce the average density of heat flow ⁇ 1 and thus to soften the external cooling of the bead.
the rail undergoes cooling in still air during which the heat remaining in the unhardened part of the core 2 ensures the income of the surface layers 4.
the present invention also relates to a device for implementing the controlled cooling process which has just been described.
FIG. 2 shows, in a highly simplified manner, such a device installed at the outlet of a rail train.
the installation successively comprises a saw 7 for trimming or cutting the length of the rail, a device 8 for controlled cooling and equipment 9 for cooling in calm air.
the rail runs continuously, on a roller conveyor, through the saw 7 and the cooling device 8, to the cooler 9.
Figure 3 schematically shows the controlled rail cooling device, according to the invention, with the cooling water circuit. We have deliberately omitted to represent the equipment which is not essential for understanding the invention.
the rail 5 seen here in cross section, are arranged cooling boxes equipped, in a manner known per se, with nozzles 10, 11, 12 ensuring respectively the cooling of the bead 1, the core 2 and the shoe 3 ( see figure 1) of the rail.
the rail cooling water is then collected in a tank 13 at a constant level, from where it is returned by a pump 14 to a valve. mixer 15. This is connected to a source of make-up water, not shown.
the water is then returned to the nozzles 10, 11, 12 through a pump 16 and a filter 17.
the device also comprises an apparatus 18 for measuring the temperature of the water sent to the nozzles, and a regulator 19 which, depending on the water temperature, adjust the position of the mixing valve 15, in order to adjust the amount of makeup water to add to maintain the desired temperature.
the temperature of the cooling water is advantageously between 40 ° C and 70 ° C.
This modality associated with an appropriate adjustment of the nozzle flow, makes it possible to adjust the average density of heat flow in the different parts of the rail; in particular, it makes it possible to lower the value of ⁇ 1 to the level required to avoid the formation of martensite in the bead.
the cooling water circulates in a closed circuit.
a certain amount of water is added, at room temperature, through the mixing valve 15, so that the temperature of the water measured at 18 remains in the aforementioned range from 40 ° C to 70 ° C. Any excess water is discharged through an overflow provided in the tank 13.
the water flow rate of the nozzles 11 is increased to the extent required to compensate for the decrease in ⁇ 2 associated with the use of water at relatively high temperature and thus obtain the cooling intensity necessary to ensure the intense surface cooling of the rail core.
the method according to the invention makes it possible to continuously produce rails whose bead has a Brinell hardness of 400, without any alteration of the other mechanical or geometric properties mentioned in the introduction to the present application.

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Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
Thermal Sciences (AREA)
Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
Materials Engineering (AREA)
Metallurgy (AREA)
Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Metal Rolling (AREA)

EP87870094A 1986-07-10 1987-07-07 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen hochfester Schienen Expired - Lifetime EP0252895B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
AT87870094T ATE81676T1 (de)	1986-07-10	1987-07-07	Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen hochfester schienen.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number	Priority Date	Filing Date	Title
LU86510		1986-07-10
LU86510A LU86510A1 (fr)	1986-07-10	1986-07-10	Procede et dispositif pour fabriquer un rail a haute resistance

Publications (3)

Publication Number	Publication Date
EP0252895A2 true EP0252895A2 (de)	1988-01-13
EP0252895A3 EP0252895A3 (en)	1990-07-18
EP0252895B1 EP0252895B1 (de)	1992-10-21

Family

ID=19730736

Family Applications (1)

Application Number	Title	Priority Date	Filing Date
EP87870094A Expired - Lifetime EP0252895B1 (de)	1986-07-10	1987-07-07	Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen hochfester Schienen

Country Status (7)

Country	Link
US (1)	US4810311A (de)
EP (1)	EP0252895B1 (de)
JP (1)	JP2716127B2 (de)
AT (1)	ATE81676T1 (de)
CA (1)	CA1307723C (de)
DE (1)	DE3782280D1 (de)
LU (1)	LU86510A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
US5000798A (en) *	1989-11-07	1991-03-19	The Algoma Steel Corporation, Limited	Method for shape control of rail during accelerated cooling
US5259229A (en) *	1990-06-21	1993-11-09	Nippon Steel Corporation	Apparatus for cooling thin-webbed H-beam steel
EP0462783B1 (de) *	1990-06-21	1995-09-27	Nippon Steel Corporation	Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen stählerner Doppel-T-Träger mit dünnem Steg
US5306365A (en) *	1992-11-19	1994-04-26	Aluminum Company Of America	Apparatus and method for tapered heating of metal billet
AT402941B (de) *	1994-07-19	1997-09-25	Voest Alpine Schienen Gmbh	Verfahren und vorrichtung zur wärmebehandlung von profiliertem walzgut
US5419792A (en) *	1994-07-25	1995-05-30	General Electric Company	Method and apparatus for cooling a workpiece
US6174389B1 (en)	1999-08-17	2001-01-16	Caterpillar Inc.	Fixture and method for selectively quenching a predetermined area of a workpiece
US6394793B1 (en)	2001-01-13	2002-05-28	Ladish Company, Incorporated	Method and apparatus of cooling heat-treated work pieces
US20030098106A1 (en) *	2001-11-29	2003-05-29	United Technologies Corporation	Method and apparatus for heat treating material
WO2014130150A1 (en)	2013-02-20	2014-08-28	Rolls-Royce Corporation	Wall member useful in quenching

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number	Priority date	Publication date	Assignee	Title
NL6715168A (de) *	1967-08-30	1969-03-04
US4203783A (en) *	1977-09-19	1980-05-20	Centre De Recherches Metallurgiques	Process for improving the quality of steel sections
JPS5547322A (en) *	1978-09-30	1980-04-03	Nippon Kokan Kk <Nkk>	Heat treating method for rail
JPS5832219A (ja) *	1981-08-19	1983-02-25	Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd	ステツプアツプ型磁気ヘツド
CA1193176A (en) *	1982-07-06	1985-09-10	Robert J. Ackert	Method for the production of improved railway rails by accelerated colling in line with the production rolling mill
US4486248A (en) *	1982-08-05	1984-12-04	The Algoma Steel Corporation Limited	Method for the production of improved railway rails by accelerated cooling in line with the production rolling mill
LU84417A1 (fr) *	1982-10-11	1984-05-10	Centre Rech Metallurgique	Procede perfectionne pour la fabrication de rails et rails obtenus par ce procede
JPS59169337U (ja) *	1983-04-25	1984-11-13	日本鋼管株式会社	鋼材冷却床
DE3336006A1 (de) *	1983-10-04	1985-04-25	Krupp Stahl Ag, 4630 Bochum	Schiene mit hoher verschleissfestigkeit im kopf und hoher bruchsicherheit im fuss
BE899617A (fr) *	1984-05-09	1984-11-09	Centre Rech Metallurgique	Procede et dispositif perfectionnes pour la fabrication de rails.
DE3446794C1 (de) *	1984-12-21	1986-01-02	BWG Butzbacher Weichenbau GmbH, 6308 Butzbach	Verfahren zur Waermebehandlung perlitischer Schienenstaehle
EP0186373B1 (de) *	1984-12-24	1990-09-12	Nippon Steel Corporation	Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Wärmebehandeln von Schienen

1986
- 1986-07-10 LU LU86510A patent/LU86510A1/fr unknown
1987
- 1987-07-07 DE DE8787870094T patent/DE3782280D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-07 AT AT87870094T patent/ATE81676T1/de active
- 1987-07-07 EP EP87870094A patent/EP0252895B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-09 CA CA000541732A patent/CA1307723C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-09 US US07/071,689 patent/US4810311A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-07-10 JP JP62172713A patent/JP2716127B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime

Also Published As

Publication number	Publication date
LU86510A1 (fr)	1988-02-02
EP0252895B1 (de)	1992-10-21
CA1307723C (en)	1992-09-22
DE3782280D1 (de)	1992-11-26
US4810311A (en)	1989-03-07
ATE81676T1 (de)	1992-11-15
JPS6328824A (ja)	1988-02-06
EP0252895A3 (en)	1990-07-18
JP2716127B2 (ja)	1998-02-18

Legal Events

Date	Code	Title	Description
1987-11-28	PUAI	Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase	Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012
1988-01-13	AK	Designated contracting states	Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): AT BE DE ES FR GB IT
1990-05-29	PUAL	Search report despatched	Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013
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1991-02-13	17P	Request for examination filed	Effective date: 19901130
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1992-09-04	GRAA	(expected) grant	Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210
1992-10-21	AK	Designated contracting states	Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE DE ES FR GB IT
1992-10-21	PG25	Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]	Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF FAILURE TO SUBMIT A TRANSLATION OF THE DESCRIPTION OR TO PAY THE FEE WITHIN THE PRE;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.SCRIBED TIME-LIMIT Effective date: 19921021 Ref country code: DE Effective date: 19921021 Ref country code: AT Effective date: 19921021
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1993-02-17	GBT	Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)	Effective date: 19930120
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1993-10-13	26N	No opposition filed
1994-01-31	BERE	Be: lapsed	Owner name: CENTRE DE RECHERCHES METALLURGIQUES CENTRUM VOOR Effective date: 19930731
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2003-02-26	GBPC	Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee	Effective date: 20020707
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Publication	Publication Date	Title
EP0252895B1 (de)	1992-10-21	Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen hochfester Schienen
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