Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
  • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
  • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
  • D04H3/11—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by fluid jet
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
  • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
  • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
  • D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
  • D04H3/009—Condensation or reaction polymers
  • D04H3/011—Polyesters
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
  • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
  • D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
  • D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
  • D04H3/16—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between thermoplastic filaments produced in association with filament formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10S428/913—Material designed to be responsive to temperature, light, moisture
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
  • Y10T442/2508—Coating or impregnation absorbs chemical material other than water
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
  • Y10T442/2861—Coated or impregnated synthetic organic fiber fabric
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/20—Coated or impregnated woven, knit, or nonwoven fabric which is not [a] associated with another preformed layer or fiber layer or, [b] with respect to woven and knit, characterized, respectively, by a particular or differential weave or knit, wherein the coating or impregnation is neither a foamed material nor a free metal or alloy layer
  • Y10T442/2861—Coated or impregnated synthetic organic fiber fabric
  • Y10T442/2893—Coated or impregnated polyamide fiber fabric

Definitions

• the invention relates to a process for the production of consolidated nonwovens for the absorption of water and / or substances with oleophilic and / or lipophilic properties by blow spinning a melt or a solution of a spinnable polymeric material with the aid of a nozzle head which has one nozzle opening or several nozzle openings. to staple fibers and / or filaments, forming these staple fibers and / or filaments into a fleece by placing them on a receiving device, solidifying this fleece and applying a wetting agent to the fleece.
• the invention also relates to consolidated nonwovens for the absorption of water and / or substances with oleophilic and / or lipophilic properties.
• the known nonwovens of this type have the following disadvantages: -
• the pattern binding with pins significantly reduces the surface of the nonwovens that is effective for absorbing water and / or oil. - Since the pattern binding with pins cannot be carried out over the entire surface, because otherwise the surface of the nonwovens that is effective for absorbing water and / or oil will be completely lost, such nonwoven webs that have been bound to part of the pattern have only relatively low strengths, such as maximum tensile strength, tear strength and tear resistance, and a relative strength high abrasion.
• the pattern binding cannot change the original two-dimensional arrangement of the fibers, ie the arrangement of the fibers in the transverse and longitudinal directions, in the fleece; not only is it not possible for the nonwovens to improve in terms of the - textile - case and feel and softness, but there is even a significant deterioration in this regard.
• the invention has for its object to provide a method of the type described above with which nonwovens can be obtained have a larger effective surface for absorbing water and / or oils, fats and the like compared to the known nonwovens of this type, -
• they have improved strength properties, such as an improved maximum tensile force, tear resistance and tear resistance, as well as less abrasion and - have a better textile case and handle and improved softness compared to the known nonwovens of this type.
• the embodiments according to claims 2 and 3 offer the following advantages: -
• the nonwovens obtained can be dried at high temperatures, for example significantly above 150 ° C., and can also be used to absorb water and / or substances with oleophilic and / or lipophilic properties even at such high temperatures.
• the nonwovens obtained show very high strengths, in particular a high maximum tensile strength, tear resistance and tear resistance.
• the embodiment according to claim 4 has the advantage that the nonwovens obtained have a very large effective surface for the absorption of water and / or substances with oleophilic and because of the fineness of the staple fibers and filaments, that is because of their small diameter and thus high specific surface area / or have lipophilic properties.
• the embodiment according to claim 5 offers the advantage that the surfactants used are biodegradable and very well tolerated by the skin.
• the embodiment according to claim 6 offers the advantage that the surfactants used can solve special tasks, for example in metal treatment, where corrosion protection and rapid drying are important.
• the invention is also based on the object to provide consolidated nonwovens of the type described at the outset have a larger effective surface for absorbing water and / or oils, fats and the like compared to the known nonwovens of this type, - Compared to the known nonwovens of this type, they have improved strength properties, such as an improved maximum tensile force, tear resistance and tear resistance, as well as less abrasion and - have a better textile case and handle and improved softness compared to the known nonwovens of this type.
• spinnable polymeric materials include polyesters, such as polyethylene terephthalate, and polyamides, such as polyamide-66, but also, for example, polyolefins, such as polyethylene and polypropylene, cellulose esters, such as cellulose-2,5-acetate and triacetate, and acrylic polymers, such as polyacrylonitrile.
• polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate
• polyamides such as polyamide-66
• polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene
• cellulose esters such as cellulose-2,5-acetate and triacetate
• acrylic polymers such as polyacrylonitrile
• a melt or a solution of a spinnable polymeric material is blow-spun into staple fibers and / or filaments.
• Such blow-spinning is described, for example, in "Industrial and Engineering Chemistry", volume 48, no. 8 (1956), pages 1342 to 1346, and in German Patent 19 64 060.
• Substances with oleophilic and / or lipophilic properties are e.g. Oils, such as mineral oils or silicone oils, and fats or mixtures thereof.
• the fleece is solidified with the help of water jets.
• water jet consolidation is described, for example, in German Offenlegungsschrift 17 10 989 and in German Auslegeschrift 16 35 577.
• the water jet consolidation causes a swirling and post-stretching of the staple fibers and / or filaments within the fleece, thereby additional effective surface for the absorption of water and / or substances with oleophilic and / or lipophilic properties is obtained, -
• the fleece receives improved strength properties and has less abrasion and -
• the fleece experiences an improvement in the textile fall and feel and softness.
• a zwitterionic or a cationic surfactant is applied to the nonwoven as a wetting agent.
• Suitable zwitterionic surfactants are in particular amine oxides and betaines, but also imidazoline carboxylates and aminocarboxylic acids.
• Suitable cationic surfactants are, for example, primary, secondary, tertiary or quaternary ammonium salts, benzylammonium salts, alkanolammonium salts, pyridinium salts, imidazolinium salts, oxazolinium salts, thiazolinium salts, sulfonium salts, quinolium salts, salts of amine oxides, tropinium salts and isochlorine salts. If necessary, mixtures of the same can also be used.
• the nonwovens according to the invention can be used, for example, as roll goods or in pieces adapted therefrom in industrial or non-industrial areas for cleaning purposes; it is essential that both water and substances with oleophilic and / or lipophilic properties can be absorbed by the nonwovens.
• Polyethylene terephthalate with an intrinsic viscosity of 0.67 (measured in tetrachloroethane phenol 1: 1), a melt viscosity of 2,400 dPa.s and a water content of 0.1 percent by weight was melted at 323 ° C and using a spinning head (nozzle head) similar to that according to German Patent 25 50 463 to staple fibers and filaments, the one had an average diameter of 1.8 ⁇ m, melt-blow-spun.
• the staple fibers and filaments were formed into a fleece with a basis weight of 100 g / m 2 by being placed on a holding device which consisted of a rotating drum. The nozzle head was above the rotating drum and it was spun vertically downwards.
• the fleece which had a width of 200 mm, was guided over guide rollers onto a continuous endless sieve belt, which was part of a water jet consolidation device, which in principle corresponded to that in accordance with German patent specification 16 35 577.
• the water jet consolidation device had eight rows of water nozzles, which were arranged above the fleece and at an angle of 90 ° to the running direction of the fleece.
• Each row of water nozzles had a length (effective jet width) of 200 mm and each had 100 nozzle bores.
• the distance between the nozzles and the fleece was 10 mm and there was a water pressure of 120 bar in front of each nozzle.
• the water jets formed an angle of 90 ° with the fleece.
• the process water was then removed to a residual moisture content of the fleece of 100% by subsequently passing the fleece through squeeze rolls.
• the wetting agent was applied by passing the fleece over a structured net roll.
• the wetting agent was 1-alkoylamino-3-dimethylamino-propane-3-N-oxide.
• the wet absorption (liquid absorption) of the fleece was 100% of the initial dry weight of this fleece.
• the wetting agent bath had a concentration of 0.5 weight percent of the aforementioned wetting agent; this gave the fleece a content of 0.5% by weight of wetting agent, based on the dry weight of the fleece.
• the fleece was guided from the netting roller through a drying oven, where it was dried to a residual moisture content of approximately 1%, and then wound onto tubes.
• the process speed that is to say the speed at which the nonwoven ran continuously through the process steps mentioned, was 2 m / min.
• the solidified nonwoven obtained had a maximum tensile force (measured according to DIN 53857) in the longitudinal direction of 8.3 daN and in the transverse direction of 4.5 daN.
• the specific spun fiber / filament surface of this fleece effective for the absorption of water and / or oils and / or fats and the like was 1.6 m2 / g (measured according to the BET method), corresponding to 160 m2 surface per m2 fleece.
• the oil absorption capacity of this fleece was 4.3 g of oil per g of fleece.
• the water absorption capacity of this fleece was 5.8 g of water per g of fleece. Furthermore, the solidified nonwoven obtained had a pleasant soft textile feel and a good fall.
• Example 1 was repeated, with the difference that the wetting agent was not applied by passing the nonwoven over a structured network roller, but rather by applying this agent to the nonwoven via the water jet consolidation device - contained in the process water at 0.3 percent by weight - the wetting agent used was not the one mentioned in Example 1 but a mixture of alkyldimethylbenzylammonium chlorides, which is marketed by Hoechst AG, Frankfurt / Main, Federal Republic of Germany, under the Dodigen 226 brand, the process water was removed after the water jet consolidation by passing the fleece through squeeze rollers to a residual moisture content of the fleece of 200%, whereby the fleece obtained a content of 0.6% by weight of wetting agent, based on the dry weight of the fleece, - The fleece was dried to a residual moisture content of approximately 1% immediately after removal of the process water by passing it through a drying oven.
• the wetting agent was not applied by passing the nonwoven over a structured network roller, but rather by applying this agent to the nonwoven via the water jet consolidation device - contained in
• the consolidated nonwovens produced according to the invention have - a larger effective surface for the absorption of water and / or oils, fats and the like, - Improved strength properties and less abrasion and - a better textile case and grip and an improved softness compared to the known consolidated nonwovens for the absorption of water and / or substances with oleophilic and / or lipophilic properties.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
• Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)
• Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
• Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
• Artificial Filaments (AREA)

Priority Applications (1)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

Family

ID=6309050

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (7)

Cited By (7)

Families Citing this family (36)

Family Cites Families (11)

• 1986
  • 1986-09-06 DE DE3630392A patent/DE3630392C1/de not_active Expired
• 1987
  • 1987-08-25 AT AT87112311T patent/ATE69073T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1987-08-25 EP EP87112311A patent/EP0259692B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1987-08-25 ES ES198787112311T patent/ES2026501T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1987-08-25 DE DE8787112311T patent/DE3774218D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1987-09-01 US US07/091,840 patent/US4818594A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1987-09-04 NO NO873713A patent/NO162625C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1987-09-04 CA CA000546143A patent/CA1311889C/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events