EP0266567A1 - Procédé de surveillance et de commande d'un sélecteur d'antenne et sélecteur d'antenne pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de surveillance et de commande d'un sélecteur d'antenne et sélecteur d'antenne pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0266567A1
EP0266567A1 EP87114482A EP87114482A EP0266567A1 EP 0266567 A1 EP0266567 A1 EP 0266567A1 EP 87114482 A EP87114482 A EP 87114482A EP 87114482 A EP87114482 A EP 87114482A EP 0266567 A1 EP0266567 A1 EP 0266567A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
matrix
switch
column
row
lines
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP87114482A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0266567B1 (fr
Inventor
Hans Ulrich Boksberger
Markus Jud
Anton Wettstein
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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Publication of EP0266567A1 publication Critical patent/EP0266567A1/fr
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/24—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the orientation by switching energy from one active radiating element to another, e.g. for beam switching

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of high-performance radio transmitters.
  • the invention further relates to an antenna selector for performing the method, which has the features listed above.
  • each of the m transmitters must be able to be connected to each of the n antennas.
  • the group of switches required for this purpose forms an (m x n) matrix with m rows and n columns, which is known as an antenna selector matrix, for example from Brown Boveri Mitt. 5/6 (1983), pp. 244-247.
  • the elements of this matrix are formed by switching nodes, which usually contain two high-frequency circuit breakers, with which - depending on the switch position - the row and column lines crossing in the node are connected from the transmitter to the antenna via a corner, or - each line by itself - be switched through in a straight line.
  • Suitable circuit breakers (with corresponding microswitches for monitoring) are known, for example, from DE-OS 1776 367.
  • a suitable antenna selector control must therefore not only record the positions of the individual circuit breakers and compare them with the specified target scheme, but also release the selected connection between the transmitters and the antennas based on a table of the permitted frequencies and the frequency message from the transmitter concerned, or lock.
  • This test must also be carried out continuously while the transmission center is in operation, since it is possible to change the frequency of a transmitter without changing the antenna.
  • the circuit breakers are also usually equipped with a manual override for emergency operation. Based on these conditions, a control system must continuously record and check the switch position (positions) of the circuit breakers.
  • circuit breakers of the high-frequency distribution or. Antenna selector matrix are now used for monitoring by pre- or. trailing microswitches emulated, which represent a monitoring matrix corresponding to the high-frequency distribution matrix.
  • the switch positions of the microswitches were previously recorded individually in the monitoring matrix in the prior art. With two possible positions per switch and two switches per switching node, these are separate signals for the entire matrix in the case of a matrix with m rows and n columns (4 X m x n), each of which has its own signal lines from the location of the high-frequency distribution matrix to Command room or control center must be transferred.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a method for monitoring and controlling an antenna selector and an antenna selector for carrying out the method, with which the circuitry outlay can be drastically reduced.
  • the object is achieved in a method of the type mentioned at the outset in that, for monitoring and controlling the switching state of the matrix, the switching nodes are selected sequentially by selecting the associated rows and columns.
  • the antenna selector of the type mentioned at the outset is distinguished by the fact that it provides means for sequentially selecting the switchover nodes via the rows and columns.
  • the switched connections are detected cyclically in a monitoring matrix which corresponds to the high-frequency distribution matrix and whose switchover nodes contain microswitches which are assigned to the circuit breakers and which simulate the switch position, in that the monitoring matrix is cyclical via corresponding row lines is driven row by row and queried column by column via corresponding column lines, or cyclically column-wise controlled by the column lines and queried row by row via the row lines.
  • the circuit breakers are driven by corresponding switch motors with associated motor contactors, the motor contactors are combined in a matrix according to columns and rows in such a way that all motor contactors in one row have a common signal return and all motor contactors in one column each have a diode on a common one Feed line hang, and to switch connections between the transmitters and the antennas, the corresponding motor contactors are controlled sequentially by selecting the associated rows and columns.
  • the transmission center comprises a plurality of m transmitters S1, ..., Sm and a plurality of n antennas A1, ..., An.
  • the transmitters S1, ..., Sm are assigned to the rows, and the antennas A1, ..., At the columns of a high-frequency distribution matrix HVM, which has the task of establishing any connection between one of the transmitters S1, ... ., Sm and one of the antennas A1, ..., An.
  • the high-frequency distribution matrix HVM has a total of (m x n) switchover nodes U11,..., Umn, which are arranged at the intersection points (nodes) of the row and column lines and either over the respective row and column lines Can connect corners or switch the lines individually in a straight line.
  • Any switching node Uxy has the basic internal structure shown in FIG. 2.
  • a circuit breaker 1 or 2 is inserted into the horizontal row line and the vertical column line, which is designed as a changeover switch in the examples given.
  • the rectilinear passage of the row and column lines is interrupted.
  • the two lines are connected at the same time via a corner, so that the signals from the transmitter Sx connected to the row line reach the antenna Ay connected to the column line.
  • circuit breakers 1 and 2 are in their other switch position, shown in broken lines in FIG. 2, the row or. the column line is switched through in a straight line to the next node.
  • the terminating resistors R assigned to the column and row lines have the task of working in the unused, i.e. to derive the antennas and cables of the matrix that are not connected to a transmitter and to induce voltages against earth
  • the actual switching state i.e. the switch positions of the circuit breakers 1, 2 in the switchover nodes U11, ..., Umn are constantly monitored in order to avoid malfunctions and malfunctions in the transmission mode. It is known to assign corresponding microswitches to the circuit breakers 1, 2, which are switched either before or afterwards together with the circuit breakers belonging to them and thus simulate the circuit breakers for monitoring purposes in the small signal range.
  • these microswitches - in the same way as the circuit breakers themselves - are now arranged in a monitoring matrix UM (FIG. 3) which is similar to the high-frequency distribution matrix HVM and likewise in m rows and n columns (m x n) has switching node n 11, ..., 0 mn.
  • Each of the switch nodes 9 11, ..., U mn has the same internal structure as the switching node Uxy shown in FIG. 2 of the high-frequency distribution matrix HVM, with the difference that instead of the power switches 1, 2 there, the associated microswitches are now seated.
  • the m rows and n columns of the monitoring matrix UM are correspondingly assigned m row lines Z1, ..., Zm and n column lines Cl, ..., Cn.
  • the changeover nodes 9 11,... 0 mn are selected sequentially in the monitoring matrix UM explained here by controlling the associated rows and columns and queried regarding their switching status. In this way it can be determined directly whether a certain transmitter is connected to a certain antenna or not.
  • the principle of sequential line control is indicated in FIG. 3 by the line selector 20 shown there, which successively switches a control signal to the line lines Z1,..., Zm.
  • the entire process control for monitoring can e.g. in the context of an electronic programmable logic controller (PLC).
  • PLC electronic programmable logic controller
  • the microswitches are thus connected to one another in the monitoring matrix UM in such a way that they faithfully reproduce the path of the high-frequency signal in the high-frequency distribution matrix HVM.
  • the row lines Z1, ..., Zm and the column lines C1, ..., Cn alone, however, it is not possible to detect those switching states of the high-frequency distribution matrix HVM or the monitoring matrix UM in which a row or a column in a straight line is complete is switched through, ie in which a transmitter S1, ..., Sm or an antenna A1, ..., An is grounded via one of the terminating resistors R.
  • it is precisely this information that is important in order to know whether the switches in the respective switchover nodes have been correctly reset when a connection between the transmitter and antenna is broken.
  • a column end line CE is provided as an additional row line and a row end line ZE is provided as an additional column line and is linked to the monitoring matrix UM in the manner shown in FIG. 3, the terminating resistors R from FIG conductive connections are simulated.
  • the column end line CE is included in the sequential (cyclic) row control, while the row end line ZE is arranged in the row of the other column lines C1, ..., Cn.
  • the function of the circuit according to FIG. 3 can be described as follows:
  • the (m + 1) row lines Z1, ..., Zm and CE receive the signal voltage used on the system alternately (e.g. + 24V), while the (n + 1) Column lines Ci, ..., Cn and ZE are queried.
  • the cyclical feeding of the row lines (multiplex operation) ensures that the assignment of the transmitters to the antennas can be clearly recorded.
  • the query via the end of line ZE allows in particular to determine that a particular transmitter is “connected” to the outer end of the line, ie whether the switchover node connected at the corner was correctly reset when the antenna was changed de.
  • the column end line CE allows to determine which antennas are grounded via the terminating resistors R.
  • the principle described does not change significantly if, instead of the row lines Z1, ..., Zm and CE, the column lines C1, ..., Cn and ZE are cyclically alternately fed with the signal voltage and the row lines Z1, ..., Zm and CE are queried instead of the column lines C1, ..., Cn and ZE.
  • the principle described and implemented in the invention makes it possible to obtain the information relevant to the operation of the transmission center with a sampling rate given by the number of transmitters and the processing speed of the programmable logic controller used (generally approximately 100 Hz). Although the positions of all switches are not recorded during operation, the required security is fully guaranteed, since at least all absolutely necessary position reports are delivered with a sufficient sampling rate.
  • control described fully supports an automatic self-test of the high-frequency distribution matrix, which is useful, for example, as an aid for commissioning and after major revisions.
  • the correct wiring of the control and feedback lines and the function of the switch motors driving the circuit breakers can be checked automatically with the available information.
  • the motor contactors M11,..., Mmn or their holder relays H11,... Hmn necessary for the switch motors are arranged in a matrix in the wiring according to columns and rows so summarized. that all motor contactors in a row have a common signal return line (connected in Fig. 4 via appropriate switches and OV potential), and all motor contactors in a column are connected to a common supply line via a diode D (in Fig. 4 via corresponding switches with 24 V -Potential connected).
  • the corresponding motor contactors are sequentially selected by selecting the associated rows and columns (by closing the associated switches ) controlled.
  • the switch motor 12 is e.g. a 220 V single-phase motor with two different windings for the two different directions of rotation. Each direction of rotation is assigned a corresponding limit switch 10, 11 which interrupts the power supply to the motor on one side when the end position associated with the switching of the circuit breakers 1, 2 has been reached.
  • a corresponding circuit variant with 380 V three-phase motors is shown in detail in FIG. 6, the same elements being provided with the same reference numerals.
  • the two directions of rotation of the switch motor 12 are referred to below as the switching direction and the corner direction, the switching direction being given with reference to FIG. 2 when the circuit breakers 1, 2 are switched from the position indicated there to the dashed position, if the row and column are "switched through" in a straight line.
  • the corner direction includes the limit switch 11 and the corner supply 5. Both supplies branch off from a common 220 V supply line 3 and are each connected via a switch relay 8 or corner relay 9 switched on, which are controlled with 24 V signals via lines 6 or 7 for the direction command "through” or "corner".
  • the other supply line 18 of the switch motor 12 is switched individually for each switch motor by a motor contactor contact 13c of the associated motor contactor Mxy.
  • Two further motor contactor contacts 13a and 13b are part of the self-holding device already mentioned, the motor contactor contact 13a connecting the motor contactor winding via a holding voltage terminal 19 common to all contactors and two diodes D1, D2, with lines 6 and 7 for the direction command "through” and “Eck” connects while the other motor contactor contact 13b switches the connection of the motor contactor winding to a common ground line 14.
  • the motor contactor Mxy is simultaneously connected to a column controller 15 (24 V) and a row controller 16 (0 V) via two further diodes D3, D4, as is shown for the entire matrix in FIG. 4.
  • the circuit parts arranged within the two vertical, dash-dotted lines are accommodated in a control cabinet 17, from which the high-frequency distribution matrix HVM is controlled.
  • the "Direction of travel" command remains active for as long as a switch motor is required to reach its end position (with a suitable safety margin).
  • the first stage ends with the withdrawal of the direction command.
  • the motor contactors or holding relays of the changeover nodes concerned are then selected and set and hold themselves as long as the command is pending.
  • the switch motors now run in the corner direction until they have reached their end position and switch off automatically using the limit switches.

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
EP87114482A 1986-10-22 1987-10-05 Procédé de surveillance et de commande d'un sélecteur d'antenne et sélecteur d'antenne pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé Expired - Lifetime EP0266567B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH4213/86 1986-10-22
CH4213/86A CH675036A5 (fr) 1986-10-22 1986-10-22

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0266567A1 true EP0266567A1 (fr) 1988-05-11
EP0266567B1 EP0266567B1 (fr) 1992-01-22

Family

ID=4271904

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87114482A Expired - Lifetime EP0266567B1 (fr) 1986-10-22 1987-10-05 Procédé de surveillance et de commande d'un sélecteur d'antenne et sélecteur d'antenne pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4811032A (fr)
EP (1) EP0266567B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS63115402A (fr)
CH (1) CH675036A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE3776268D1 (fr)
IN (1) IN170151B (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0355985A3 (fr) * 1988-08-17 1990-11-07 British Aerospace Public Limited Company Montage répéteur de signal pour un véhicule spatial
US6498545B1 (en) 1996-07-25 2002-12-24 Skygate International Technology Nv Phase control device

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH675927A5 (fr) * 1988-01-26 1990-11-15 Asea Brown Boveri
US5021801A (en) * 1989-09-05 1991-06-04 Motorola, Inc. Antenna switching system
US5146230A (en) * 1991-02-11 1992-09-08 Itt Corporation Electromagnetic beam system with switchable active transmit/receive modules
GB2356096B (en) * 1991-03-12 2001-08-15 Siemens Plessey Electronic Method of operating a radar antenna system
US6175723B1 (en) 1998-08-12 2001-01-16 Board Of Trustees Operating Michigan State University Self-structuring antenna system with a switchable antenna array and an optimizing controller
US6140976A (en) * 1999-09-07 2000-10-31 Motorola, Inc. Method and apparatus for mitigating array antenna performance degradation caused by element failure
JP4337457B2 (ja) * 2003-07-30 2009-09-30 日本電気株式会社 アンテナ装置及びそれを用いた無線通信装置
US8380132B2 (en) * 2005-09-14 2013-02-19 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Self-structuring antenna with addressable switch controller
US20180241122A1 (en) * 2017-02-17 2018-08-23 Space Exploration Technologies Corp. Distributed phase shifter array system and method
US12080948B2 (en) * 2021-04-21 2024-09-03 Skyworks Solutions, Inc. Staggered rows of antennas for dual frequency operation

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3141067A (en) * 1960-11-17 1964-07-14 Lester M Spandorfer Automatic electronic communication switching exchange
US3935394A (en) * 1974-10-04 1976-01-27 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Network routing and control arrangement

Family Cites Families (5)

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US2127336A (en) * 1934-05-03 1938-08-16 Telefunken Gmbh Change-over or switch device for radio frequency feed leads
US3009118A (en) * 1959-04-14 1961-11-14 Continental Electronics Mfg Radio frequency transmission line switching system
AU422240B2 (en) * 1968-11-21 1972-03-08 Standard Telephones & Cables Pty. Ltd Improvements in aerial exchanges
US3840875A (en) * 1973-08-23 1974-10-08 J Neal Radiant energy matrix and system
US4070637A (en) * 1976-03-25 1978-01-24 Communications Satellite Corporation Redundant microwave configuration

Patent Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3141067A (en) * 1960-11-17 1964-07-14 Lester M Spandorfer Automatic electronic communication switching exchange
US3935394A (en) * 1974-10-04 1976-01-27 Bell Telephone Laboratories, Incorporated Network routing and control arrangement

Non-Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
6th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DIGITAL SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS, Phoenix, 19.-23. September 198, Seiten X-1 - X-8; G. FORCINA et al.: "Fault detection/diagnostics for the intelsat VI SS-TDMA subsystem" *
IBM TECHNICAL DISCLOSURE BULLETIN, Band 25, Nr. 11A, April 1983, Seiten 5488,5489, New York, US; C.L. BIRD et al.: "Testing electrochromic matrix displays" *
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, Band AP-33, Nr. 12, Dezember 1985, Seiten 1313-1327, IEEE, New York, US; J. RONEN et al.: "Monitoring techniques for phased-array antennas" *
TELECOMMUNICATIONS & RADIO ENGINEERING, Band 29/30, Nr. 10, Oktober 1975, Seiten 35-40; P.G. SUROVOV: "Antenna-feeder devices. Switching of transmitting antennas at short-wave radio centers" *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0355985A3 (fr) * 1988-08-17 1990-11-07 British Aerospace Public Limited Company Montage répéteur de signal pour un véhicule spatial
US6498545B1 (en) 1996-07-25 2002-12-24 Skygate International Technology Nv Phase control device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0266567B1 (fr) 1992-01-22
IN170151B (fr) 1992-02-15
DE3776268D1 (de) 1992-03-05
CH675036A5 (fr) 1990-08-15
US4811032A (en) 1989-03-07
JPS63115402A (ja) 1988-05-20

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