EP0266636B1 - Compresseur à ondes de pression - Google Patents

Compresseur à ondes de pression Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0266636B1
EP0266636B1 EP87115465A EP87115465A EP0266636B1 EP 0266636 B1 EP0266636 B1 EP 0266636B1 EP 87115465 A EP87115465 A EP 87115465A EP 87115465 A EP87115465 A EP 87115465A EP 0266636 B1 EP0266636 B1 EP 0266636B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
pressure wave
freewheel clutch
wave supercharger
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP87115465A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0266636A1 (fr
Inventor
Hubert Kirchhofer
Andreas Mayer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Comprex AG
Original Assignee
Comprex AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Comprex AG filed Critical Comprex AG
Priority to AT87115465T priority Critical patent/ATE70894T1/de
Publication of EP0266636A1 publication Critical patent/EP0266636A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0266636B1 publication Critical patent/EP0266636B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
    • F02B39/02—Drives of pumps; Varying pump drive gear ratio
    • F02B39/12—Drives characterised by use of couplings or clutches therein
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
    • F02B33/32—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type
    • F02B33/42—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type with driven apparatus for immediate conversion of combustion gas pressure into pressure of fresh charge, e.g. with cell-type pressure exchangers

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a pressure wave charger according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • Such a pressure wave supercharger which is mainly used as a charging device for an internal combustion engine, has a rotor provided with cells on the circumference, the rotor shaft of which carries at one end a pulley which is intended to be driven by a belt by the internal combustion engine to be charged, and also a rotor which encloses the rotor Rotor housing as well as a gas housing or on its two end faces.
  • an air housing each with channels for the supply and discharge of the gaseous work exhaust gas or air, wherein the bearing elements for the shaft of the rotor are housed in the air housing.
  • the rotor of a known pressure wave supercharger of this type is driven by the internal combustion engine to be charged via the belt mentioned and the pulley, which is rigidly connected to the rotor shaft, with a constant transmission ratio.
  • the rotor speed is therefore proportional to the speed of the motor, which is why we speak of a "proportional drive" in this context. Since it is at Interaction of a charger with a motor depends on the fact that it works with the best possible efficiency in the speed range predominantly used for practical operation, the geometric data of the control elements of the pressure wave charger, which are mainly decisive for the charger efficiency, i.e. essentially the opening and closing edges of the Air and gas ducts as well as the auxiliary ducts, including the gas and compression pockets, are designed for this speed range, which corresponds to approximately 50% of the nominal speed.
  • this pressure wave supercharger which is designed for a preferred engine speed range that is operationally and economically most important, has the disadvantage that the pressure wave process does not run optimally in the lower and higher speed range of the engine.
  • the best possible energy exchange between the exhaust gas and the charge air requires a different geometric design of the air, gas and auxiliary ducts, in particular their opening and closing edges.
  • EP-A-235 609 - which represents prior art according to Art 54 (3) EPUe - describes a free-running pressure wave charger driven by the gas forces.
  • the rotor speed does not depend on the motor speed, but on the resulting swirl energy of all air and gas flows acting on the rotor.
  • a narrower speed range of the pressure wave supercharger should be obtained than with the proportional drive.
  • the measures proposed there are intended to increase the drive impulse of the exhaust gases for turning up the rotor after the engine has started, to control the speed characteristic of the rotor and to counter overspeed.
  • the present invention arose from the task of avoiding the above-described disadvantages of the pressure wave charger with proportional drive and the pressure wave charger with freewheeling rotor, which is driven solely by the gas forces, and to obtain a better adaptation of the delivery characteristics of the charger to the load state of the engine in a pressure wave charger.
  • the pulley When the pulley is mounted on the rotor shaft in this way, it is carried along by the pulley via the clamping one-way clutch at a speed proportional to the motor speed as long as the torque exerted by the swirl energy on the rotor cells is smaller than that for the respective operating state including the share required for the transient state.
  • the frictional connection between the clamping bodies and the outer ring of the one-way clutch, which is stuck in the pulley is released and the rotor runs at a higher speed until the engine revs up again due to increased fuel supply and the Has caught up the pulley over the rotor and this is driven proportionally again.
  • This engagement and disengagement can basically take place over the entire speed range.
  • the rotor speed adjusts to a value dependent on the drive energy of the exhaust gases, but the rotor speed will never drop below the value given by the gear ratio between the drive pulley of the motor and the pulley on the rotor shaft.
  • 1 denotes a rotor housing, which encloses a rotor 2 and is sealed on its end faces by an air housing 3 or a gas housing 4.
  • the arrow 5 indicates the entry of the intake air into a low-pressure air duct 6, which is compressed in the rotor 2 by the exhaust gases coming from the engine (not shown) and leaves the charger as charge air through a high-pressure air duct 7 running perpendicular to the duct 6 and enters the engine.
  • the exhaust gas coming from the engine enters a high-pressure gas channel 9 of the gas housing 4 and flows out of this, after it has released part of its energy for compressing the air in the rotor 2, through a low-pressure gas channel 10 as an exhaust gas outdoors, which is indicated by the arrow 11.
  • the rotor 2 is fixedly connected to a rotor shaft 12 which projects through the air housing 3 to the outside, is connected at its free end to a pulley 13 in a torsionally rigid manner and is supported in two bearings 14 and 15.
  • the rotor 2 is driven by the motor with a constant gear ratio via the belt pulley 13, which is firmly connected to it, via a belt, preferably a V-belt.
  • FIG. 2 The modification of such a pressure wave supercharger according to the invention is shown in FIG. 2, which essentially shows only the outer mounting in the air housing.
  • a bearing flange 16 which is intended for attachment to the air housing, not shown, receives a schematically drawn roller bearing 17 on the free end of the rotor shaft 18.
  • the pulley 19 is mounted on a shaft journal 20 which is concentric with the rotor shaft 18 and which is screwed into the shaft 18 by a threaded journal 21, on two deep groove ball bearings 22 and a one-way clutch 23 arranged between them.
  • a nut 24 at the free end of the shaft journal 20 braces the two bearings 22 and the one-way clutch 23 arranged between them against the end face of the rotor shaft 18.
  • a protective cap 25 pressed into the free end of the pulley 19 prevents contaminants from penetrating into the pulley bearing.
  • FIG. 3 shows an enlarged section of the one-way clutch 23 from FIG. 2.
  • This one-way clutch of known design has rollers 26 as the clamping body, which are held by a cage 27 in such a way that they oppose each other with the play required for the clamping action and the decoupling can move the outer ring 28 in the circumferential direction.
  • the rollers 26 are pressed into the clamping position by leaf springs 29, which consist of short lobes bent from the cage, the pretensioning force being set such that an overtaking of the pulley which is inevitably driven by the motor is possible up to the range of the nominal speed. 3 does not have an inner ring, so the rollers run directly on the hardened shaft journal 20.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supercharger (AREA)
  • Encapsulation Of And Coatings For Semiconductor Or Solid State Devices (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Compresseur à ondes de pression avec un rotor (2) pourvu de cellules à sa périphérie, dont l'arbre du rotor (12; 18+20) porte à une extrémité une poulie à courroie (13; 19) qui est destinée à être entraînée par l'intermédiaire d'une courroie par le moteur à combustion à suralimenter, qui présente en plus un carter de rotor (1) entourant le rotor (2) ainsi que de part et d'autre de celui-ci un corps à gaz (4) respectivement un corps à air (3), l'un et l'autre avec des canaux pour l'admission et l'expulsion des fluides de travail gazeux, gaz d'échappement respectivement air, dans lequel les éléments de palier (14, 15; 17) pour l'arbre (12; 20) du rotor (2) sont disposés dans le corps à air (3), caractérisé en ce qu'entre la poulie à courroie (19) et l'arbre du rotor (20) sont placés un accouplement à roue libre (23; 31) ainsi que de part et d'autre de celui-ci des roulements (22; 30), en ce que les canaux pour l'admission et l'expulsion des fluides gazeux ont une configuration telle que, à l'état stationnaire après le débrayage de l'accouplement à roue libre, le rotor du compresseur n'est entraîné que par les gaz d'échappement du moteur à combustion, et en ce que, dans les cas non stationnaires, dans lesquels le couple des gaz d'échappement ne suffit pas pour assurer l'autopropulsion, le rotor est entraîné par l'intermédiaire de la poulie à courroie, et en ce que l'accouplement à roue libre est réglé de telle manière qu'un rattrapage soit possible jusque dans le domaine de la vitesse nominale du compresseur.
  2. Compresseur à ondes de pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'accouplement à roue libre (23; 31) est une roue libre à manchon sans bague intérieure avec des rouleaux comme corps de serrage et en ce que les éléments de palier se composent chacun de roulements rainurés à billes (22) disposés de part et d'autre de l'accouplement à roue libre (23; 31).
  3. Compresseur à ondes de pression suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'accouplement à roue libre (23; 31) est une roue libre à manchon sans bague intérieure avec des rouleaux comme corps de serrage et en ce que les éléments de palier se composent chacun de roulements à aiguilles (30) disposés de part et d'autre de l'accouplement à roue libre (23; 31).
EP87115465A 1986-10-29 1987-10-22 Compresseur à ondes de pression Expired - Lifetime EP0266636B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT87115465T ATE70894T1 (de) 1986-10-29 1987-10-22 Druckwellenlader.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH4280/86 1986-10-29
CH428086 1986-10-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0266636A1 EP0266636A1 (fr) 1988-05-11
EP0266636B1 true EP0266636B1 (fr) 1991-12-27

Family

ID=4273171

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP87115465A Expired - Lifetime EP0266636B1 (fr) 1986-10-29 1987-10-22 Compresseur à ondes de pression

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4808082A (fr)
EP (1) EP0266636B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2647394B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR880005345A (fr)
AT (1) ATE70894T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3775521D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3923370A1 (de) * 1989-07-14 1991-01-24 Daimler Benz Ag Reduktionsgetriebe fuer einen turbocompoundantrieb einer aufgeladenen brennkraftmaschine
US5048470A (en) * 1990-12-24 1991-09-17 Ford Motor Company Electronically tuned intake manifold
US5168972A (en) * 1991-12-26 1992-12-08 Smith Christopher L One-way drive train clutch assembly for supercharged engine
DE4201423A1 (de) * 1992-01-21 1993-07-22 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Vorrichtung zur verminderung der partikelemission von dieselbrennkraftmaschinen
US5284123A (en) * 1993-01-22 1994-02-08 Pulso Catalytic Superchargers Pressure wave supercharger having a stationary cellular member
EP0899434B1 (fr) * 1997-08-29 2004-08-04 Swissauto Engineering S.A. Machine à ondes de pression utilisant la dynamique des gaz
US6588560B1 (en) * 1999-11-19 2003-07-08 Koyo Seiko Co., Ltd. Pulley unit
EP1452776B1 (fr) * 2000-10-26 2011-08-17 JTEKT Corporation Poulie
RU2250423C2 (ru) * 2002-04-08 2005-04-20 Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-исследовательский институт природных газов и газовых технологий-ВНИИГАЗ" Волновой детандер-компрессор
EA013950B1 (ru) * 2008-03-17 2010-08-30 Вячеслав Константинович Снимщиков Газодинамический обменник давления (компрессор)
US9885372B2 (en) * 2013-12-31 2018-02-06 Energy Recovery, Inc. System and method for a rotor advancing tool
DE102019208045B4 (de) * 2019-06-03 2023-05-11 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Mittels Comprex-Lader aufgeladene Brennkraftmaschine

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE638367C (de) * 1930-11-28 1936-11-13 Adolf Schnuerle Dr Ing Zweitaktbrennkraftmaschine mit einem zum Spuelen und Laden dienenden Abgasgeblaese
GB436492A (en) * 1935-01-28 1935-10-11 Ernest Reynolds Briggs Improvements relating to air compressors supplying two-stroke cycle internal combustion engines
US2800120A (en) * 1953-11-30 1957-07-23 Jendrassik Developments Ltd Pressure exchangers
GB923368A (en) * 1961-01-30 1963-04-10 Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd Improvements in or relating to pressure exchangers
CH552135A (de) * 1972-11-29 1974-07-31 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Verfahren zur verminderung der schadstoffemission von verbrennungsmotoren und einrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens.
CH633619A5 (de) * 1978-10-02 1982-12-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Mehrflutige gasdynamische druckwellenmaschine.
EP0151407B1 (fr) * 1984-01-18 1987-06-16 Mazda Motor Corporation Dispositif de contrôle d'un surpresseur pour moteur à explosion suralimenté
JPS60173312A (ja) * 1984-02-17 1985-09-06 Mitsubishi Motors Corp コンプレツクス過給装置
DE3762535D1 (de) * 1986-02-28 1990-06-07 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Durch die gaskraefte angetriebener, freilaufender druckwellenlader.

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
G. Niemann, "Maschinenelemente", Band III, 2. Auflage, Seiten 275 und 278, Springer-Verlag 1986 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4808082A (en) 1989-02-28
EP0266636A1 (fr) 1988-05-11
KR880005345A (ko) 1988-06-28
JPS63117123A (ja) 1988-05-21
ATE70894T1 (de) 1992-01-15
DE3775521D1 (de) 1992-02-06
JP2647394B2 (ja) 1997-08-27

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