EP0271858B1 - Halogenkolben aus Hartglas für Hochspannung - Google Patents

Halogenkolben aus Hartglas für Hochspannung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0271858B1
EP0271858B1 EP19870118490 EP87118490A EP0271858B1 EP 0271858 B1 EP0271858 B1 EP 0271858B1 EP 19870118490 EP19870118490 EP 19870118490 EP 87118490 A EP87118490 A EP 87118490A EP 0271858 B1 EP0271858 B1 EP 0271858B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
filament
capsule
incandescent lamp
lamp capsule
envelope
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19870118490
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0271858A2 (de
EP0271858A3 (de
Inventor
Timothy A. Benson
Peter R. Gagnon
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Osram Sylvania Inc
Original Assignee
GTE Products Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GTE Products Corp filed Critical GTE Products Corp
Publication of EP0271858A2 publication Critical patent/EP0271858A2/de
Publication of EP0271858A3 publication Critical patent/EP0271858A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0271858B1 publication Critical patent/EP0271858B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01K—ELECTRIC INCANDESCENT LAMPS
    • H01K1/00—Details
    • H01K1/18—Mountings or supports for the incandescent body

Definitions

  • the present invention is directed to a unique light source capsule having supports at each end of a coiled coil incandescent filament and at least two intermediate filament supports therein. Lamps with this capsule have improved operating characteristics, and reduced hazard of containment failure.
  • Such light source capsules will be especially useful in a high voltage European version of Sylvania's Capsylite lamps. Both PAR and A-line versions of these lamps are commercially available in the United States.
  • the U.S. versions of these lamps are characterized by a low-wattage, tungsten - halogen, hard glass light-source capsule, mounted within a heavy outer envelope. See, for example, US-A-4,598,225.
  • parabolic aluminized reflector (PAR), elliptical reflector (ER), or reflector (R) lamps for general spot, downlighting, and/or flood lighting applications is well established.
  • PAR, ER type lamps have been accepted as the lamps of choice for short to medium distance outdoor uses, as well as for indoor display, decoration, accent, and inspection applications of down lighting.
  • incandescent PAR-type lamps for example the PAR38, have used a filament mounted transversely in the reflector, that is, perpendicular to its axis of symmetry. Although not the best orientation for optical considerations, this was the simplest configuration to manufacture.
  • the optics of this configuration result in an asymmetric beam pattern and the spreading of stray light outside of the useful beam. Additionally, it was necessary to hermetically seal the outer jacket of these lamps to maintain the proper atmosphere for filament operation. This was accomplished by flame-sealing the reflector and lens.
  • US 4 208 606 discloses a double ended incandescent lamp in which a filament is supported by an intermediate support anchored at one press-sealed end and locked in place by contact with the walls of the tubular envelope.
  • the invention taught in this document is said also to be applicable to single-ended incandescent lamps.
  • EP 0 168 015 discloses a single ended lamp capsule having three electrical leads extending from a press sealed end to a double filament for selectively activating each of the filament members.
  • the present invention provides a single ended hard glass incandescent lamp capsule having a rated wattage of ⁇ 150W, said capsule having an elongate light transmissive tubular envelope arranged about a longitudinal axis and containing a gas fill, a single coiled filament located axially within said envelope and mounted in an end to end manner between two electrically conductive support leads for electrically energizing said filament, the capsule having a press seal at a longitudinal end of that envelope, said support leads being rigidly supported by said capsule by the press seal, characterised in that the lamp capsule has a rated operating voltage of >130V, and in that at least two heat conductive intermediate filament support members are attached to said filament at locations intermediate its ends for providing a heat sinking effect to said filament and for supporting said filament, the intermediate filament support members being rigidly retained by said press seal so as not to contact the walls of said envelope and being attached to said filament at positions closer together in the middle of the filament to define a middle section of the filament which is shorter relative to the end sections of the filament.
  • the capsule is suitable for general lighting applications, but especially well suited for use in PAR type lamps. It includes two or more intermediate supports for a high efficiency filament mounted axially in a single ended hard glass capsule. The unique system of supports in the present capsule is sufficient to prevent significant coil vibration and sag over the useful filament life.
  • Hard glass has a lower working temperature, requiring less heating to form it, and has a higher thermal expansion coefficient allowing a seal to be made directly to the lead wires thus eliminating the need for the foil sealing ribbons used in quartz lamps.
  • hard glass has a lower maximum temperature capability and is less resistant to thermal shock. Thermal loading of the bulb wall must be maintained below a certain limit and there can be no contact between the bulb wall and hot internal parts which would cause an excessive thermal gradient. High thermal gradients and thermal shock are primary causes of catastrophic capsule fracture.
  • the present invention has the coil centered axially in the capsule, and thus the distance from the bulb wall is maximized and heat is more evenly distributed, reducing temperatures and minimizing thermal gradients in the bulb wall.
  • Figure 1 is a sectional view of a preferred lamp of the present invention.
  • the present invention is directed to a unique light source capsule having filamentary supports at each end of a coiled coil incandescent filament and at least two intermediate filament supports therein.
  • Figure 1 represents an example of an incandescent lamp capsule 10 , in this embodiment being of the tungsten halogen variety, prepared in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
  • lamp capsule 10 comprises a tubular envelope 12, prepared from a light transmissive material, such as aluminosilicate glass.
  • a pair of lead in wires 14 and 16, portions of which serve as mounting and energizing means, are press sealed in envelope 12 at press seal 18.
  • Lead in wires 14 and 16 can be formed from any suitable material, for example, molybdenum, which will form a relatively strain free hermetic seal with glass envelope 12.
  • a refractory metal such as tungsten, is used to form the coiled coil filament 20 in accordance with the teachings of this invention.
  • Coiled coil filament 20 is provided with legs 21 at each end thereof during its formation.
  • envelope 12 is filled with a fill gas, comprising an inert gas and a suitable halogen or halide.
  • a fill gas comprising an inert gas and a suitable halogen or halide.
  • fill gases include the inert gases; argon, krypton, xenon, and/or nitrogen; plus the halogen or halide.
  • the coil mount is preferably a single assembly consisting of the filament 20, primary lead wires 15 and 17, coil supports 22 and 24, and external lead wires 14 and 16, all rigidly attached to, and extending into the capsule from the press seal end 18.
  • the support members of the present invention are sealed to the glass envelope within the press seal area in the same manner as the two primary leads that supply voltage to the capsule without the need for said "bridge".
  • both the leads and the supports are approximately equally spaced in the press area to ensure good sealing and electrical isolation.
  • the support wires Upon exiting the press on the interior of the capsule, the support wires preferably bend outwardly on either side of the plane of the primary leads, continuing up the length of the bulb until being fastened to the filament by clamping or other means.
  • the leads and supports are preferably arranged in unique directions about the filament with roughly equal angular distribution around the circumference of the capsule such that adequate spacing is provided to prevent arcing and to minimize filament shadowing in any given direction about the capsule.
  • the supports are attached to the filament at intervals so as to thus minimized coil sag over a number of small independent segments, extending life and maintaining proper position of the filament for focus.
  • the spacing is varied to achieve a more uniform temperature distribution in the filament and thus extend life relative to equal length sections of filament.
  • a coil simply supported at the ends has a thermal distribution such that the center turns run hotter than the end turns.
  • the support wires are of relatively small diameter to minimize heat conduction from the filament and shadowing. Yet, the supports are rigid enough to resist shock and vibration and remain stationary in the bulb. This preferred diameter ranges from about 0.7 mm (.004") to 0.3 mm (.012").
  • the supports are not in contact with the bulb wall, to avoid high thermal gradients in the glass and help minimize thermal conduction from the filament which can reduce lamp efficiency.
  • the preferred capsule design of the present invention offers two important improvements in containment of the lamp should the capsule fail violently and rupture at high pressure.
  • a capsule of reduced volume is made possible because the compact coil design allows the capsule to be made shorter and the axially mounted filament allows the capsule to be of smaller diameter than with a transverse or "folded" filament.
  • the smaller volume capsule will contain less gas with a lower amount of total energy for a given pressure and will fracture with less violence since there is less energy to dissipate.
  • a second important but unobvious advantage gained by decreasing the diameter is a reduction in the wall thickness of the capsule.
  • the amount of stress in the glass of the capsule is directly proportional to its diameter and inversely proportional to the wall thickness. Therefore, if the diameter is reduced, the wall thickness can be reduced proportionately while maintaining constant stress for a given pressure. Reducing the wall thickness will reduce the amount of glass that would be fractured by a violent failure and decrease the size and mass of the individual projected fragments. These fragments of reduced size and mass are far less likely to cause a containment failure of the outer envelope.
  • the filament has a maximum width of about 0.53 cm (0.21").
  • a certain minimum spacing must be maintained between the filament and the bulb wall to ensure that the glass does not overheat.
  • the heat is locally concentrated, and the spacing must be large, around 0.48 cm (0.190") for a 100W filament.
  • the i.d. of the capsule can conservatively be reduced to 1.07 cm (0.422").
  • the wall thickness can be decreased to 0.64 mm (0.025") while maintaining stress at 8.55 kN/m 2 (1240 psi) for a pressure of 1 MN/m 2 (10 atmospheres).
  • Improved containment characteristics will allow a lower cost outer jacket to be used and the reduced capsule volume and glass thickness lead to savings in material costs for glass and fill gas. Additionally, the smaller capsule size will help maintain adequate temperatures to allow the halogen cycle to operate in high voltage capsules at reduced wattages.
  • the most preferred capsule of the present invention is similar to the Sylvania Capsylite PAR38 capsule, but includes the novel filament coil supports of the present invention (The varied spacing as claimed is not shown).

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  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Einendige Hartglas-Glühlampenkapsel mit einer Nennleistung von < 150 W, die eine langgestreckte, lichtdurchlässige, rohrförmige Hülle (12) besitzt, welche rund um eine Längsachse angeordnet ist und eine Gasfüllung enthält, mit einer axial innerhalb der Hülle (12) angeordneten Glühfadenwendel (20), die mit ihren Enden an zwei elektrisch leitende Stützzuleitungen (15, 17) zwecks Zufuhr von elektrischer Energie zum Glühfaden (20) montiert ist, wobei die Kapsel an einem Längsende der Hülle eine Quetschdichtung (18) aufweist und die Stütz zuleitungen von der Quetschdichtung der Kapsel starr gehalten sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Lampenkapsel eine Betriebsnennspannung von > 130 V aufweist, und daß zumindest zwei wärmeleitende, zwischengeschaltete Glühfadenstützelemente (22, 24) mit dem Glühfaden (20) an Stellen verbunden sind, die zwischen seinen Enden angeordnet sind, um einen Wärmeableitungseffekt auf den Glühfaden auszuüben und denselben zu stützen, wobei die zwischengeschalteten Glühfadenstützelemente von der Quetschdichtung starr gehalten sind, derart, daß sie die Wände der Hülle nicht berühren und an dem Glühfaden an Stellen befestigt sind, die in der Mitte des Glühfadens (20) näher aneinander angeordnet sind, um einen Mittelabschnitt des Glühfadens zu definieren, der gegenüber den Endabschnitten des Glühfadens kürzer ist.
  2. Glühlampenkapsel nach Anspruch 1, bei welcher die Endabschnitte des Glühfadens (20) von gleicher Länge sind.
  3. Glühlampenkapsel nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei welcher sowohl die zwischengeschalteten Glühfadenstützelemente (22, 24) als auch die Stützzuleitungen (15, 17) innerhalb der Quetschdichtung in näherungsweise gleichem Abstand voneinander angeordnet sind.
  4. Glühlampenkapsel nach Anspruch 1, 2 oder 3, bei welcher die zwischengeschalteten Glühfadenstützelemente zwischen 0,1 mm (0,004") und 0,3 mm (0,012") im Durchmesser sind.
  5. Glühlampenkapsel nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welcher die zwischengeschalteten Glühfadenstützelemente innerhalb der Quetschdichtung (18) permanent elektrisch isoliert sind.
  6. Glühlampenkapsel nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welcher der Glühfaden (20) aus einer Doppelwendel aus feuerfestem Metalldraht besteht.
  7. Glühlampenkapsel nach Anspruch 6, bei welcher das feuerfeste Metall Wolfram ist.
  8. Glühlampenkapsel nach Anspruch 7, bei welcher dieselbe eine Wolframhalogenlampenkapsel ist, die ein Halogen oder ein Halogenid enthält.
  9. Glühlampenkapsel nach irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, bei welcher der Glühfaden (20) aus einer Doppelwendel aus feuerfestem Metalldraht besteht, die mit den Stützzuleitungen (14, 16) elektrisch verbunden und von denselben gehalten ist, wobei der Draht einen Durchmesser d aufweist und der primäre Wicklungsdurchmesser D1 und der sekundäre Wicklungsdurchmesser D2 des Glühfadens (20) durch die folgenden Gleichungen definiert sind: D1 = d(A+2) und D2 = D1(B+2), worin:
    1,40 ≤ A ≤ 4,00; und A ≤ B ≤ 4.0 ist.
  10. Glühlampe mit einer in irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche beanspruchten Kapsel, bei welcher der Glühfadenwendelaufbau (20) in einem Reflektor zentriert ist.
EP19870118490 1986-12-16 1987-12-14 Halogenkolben aus Hartglas für Hochspannung Expired - Lifetime EP0271858B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US94232786A 1986-12-16 1986-12-16
US942327 1986-12-16

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0271858A2 EP0271858A2 (de) 1988-06-22
EP0271858A3 EP0271858A3 (de) 1990-05-16
EP0271858B1 true EP0271858B1 (de) 1999-03-10

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ID=25477926

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19870118490 Expired - Lifetime EP0271858B1 (de) 1986-12-16 1987-12-14 Halogenkolben aus Hartglas für Hochspannung

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EP (1) EP0271858B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3752258T2 (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6717339B2 (en) 2000-09-25 2004-04-06 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Light bulb provided with a device for preventing short-circuits

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101450895B1 (ko) * 2008-03-17 2014-10-21 엘지전자 주식회사 필라멘트 지지부재 및 이를 포함하는 튜브히터

Family Cites Families (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1062819A (en) * 1963-08-12 1967-03-22 Sylvania Electric Prod Incandescent lamps using coiled-coil filaments
GB1147140A (en) * 1967-03-10 1969-04-02 Sylvania Electric Prod Incandescent lamp
US3634722A (en) * 1970-03-30 1972-01-11 Sylvania Electric Prod Tungsten halogen lamp having improved filament support
NL7004872A (de) * 1970-04-04 1971-10-06
US3930177A (en) * 1972-06-06 1975-12-30 Westinghouse Electric Corp Single-ended incandescent lamp having a simplified filament-mount
GB1487502A (en) * 1974-03-12 1977-10-05 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Halogen incandescent lamp
US4208606A (en) * 1979-01-10 1980-06-17 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Filament-support means for a tubular incandescent lamp
US4316116A (en) * 1979-12-19 1982-02-16 General Electric Company Triple-coil incandescent filament
US4499401A (en) * 1983-03-03 1985-02-12 General Electric Company Triple coil incandescent filament
US4598342A (en) * 1984-07-09 1986-07-01 Gte Products Corporation Low wattage double filament tungsten-halogen lamp

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6717339B2 (en) 2000-09-25 2004-04-06 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Light bulb provided with a device for preventing short-circuits

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0271858A2 (de) 1988-06-22
DE3752258T2 (de) 1999-11-04
EP0271858A3 (de) 1990-05-16
DE3752258D1 (de) 1999-04-15

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