EP0281462B1 - Munition, insbesondere für Artillerie, bestehend aus einem Geschoss und einer Hülse - Google Patents

Munition, insbesondere für Artillerie, bestehend aus einem Geschoss und einer Hülse Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0281462B1
EP0281462B1 EP88400366A EP88400366A EP0281462B1 EP 0281462 B1 EP0281462 B1 EP 0281462B1 EP 88400366 A EP88400366 A EP 88400366A EP 88400366 A EP88400366 A EP 88400366A EP 0281462 B1 EP0281462 B1 EP 0281462B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
ring
sabot
sub
ammunition
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88400366A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0281462A1 (de
Inventor
Louis Bonnefille
Jean-Claude Sauvestre
Pierre Lalanne
Eric Jeanjean
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giat Industries SA
Original Assignee
Giat Industries SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Giat Industries SA filed Critical Giat Industries SA
Priority to AT88400366T priority Critical patent/ATE71218T1/de
Publication of EP0281462A1 publication Critical patent/EP0281462A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0281462B1 publication Critical patent/EP0281462B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B5/00—Cartridge ammunition, e.g. separately-loaded propellant charges
    • F42B5/02—Cartridges, i.e. cases with charge and missile
    • F42B5/067—Mounting or locking missiles in cartridge cases
    • F42B5/073—Mounting or locking missiles in cartridge cases using an auxiliary locking element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B14/00—Projectiles or missiles characterised by arrangements for guiding or sealing them inside barrels, or for lubricating or cleaning barrels
    • F42B14/06—Sub-calibre projectiles having sabots; Sabots therefor
    • F42B14/061—Sabots for long rod fin stabilised kinetic energy projectiles, i.e. multisegment sabots attached midway on the projectile

Definitions

  • the invention relates to ammunition, in particular for artillery, comprising a projectile linked to a cartridge case containing a propellant charge.
  • the mode of connection between a projectile and a cartridge most often encountered is crimping.
  • An annular deformation of the sleeve encloses the projectile and immobilizes it both in rotation and in translation.
  • the projectile is kept at its rear part; thus, the case does not interfere with the engagement of the latter in the barrel of the weapon during the positioning of the ammunition in the chamber.
  • US-A-3262391 describes an arrow type munition according to the preamble of claim 1 comprising a sub-calibrated projectile and a sabot.
  • This shoe is very special, because it consists of a large number of plates arranged along generators of the projectile. The set of plates is held in place on the one hand, by a ring and on the other hand, by the sleeve. The ring is a simple means of holding the plates in place because of their small thickness, and it is not integral with the projectile.
  • this type of ammunition excludes the use of a belt and there is no question of stabilizing the projectile by rotation since this projectile is launched substantially at 90 ° to reach high altitudes. The problem of strengthening the crimping of the socket on the projectile does not arise.
  • the patent US-A-3750578 relates to an arrow munition whose socket is ejected at the same time as the projectile itself.
  • the projectile-socket connection is made at the level of a lip of the closure ring, by embedding the control surfaces in the socket and by fixing a ring integral with the projectile, inside the socket. It is a rigid attachment.
  • US-A-3107615 describes an arrow munition comprising a shoe on which a socket is crimped. The sleeve completely covers the shoe, which improves the connection. We evoke a shutter ring whose role is to ensure gas tightness and not to strengthen the socket-projectile connection.
  • the object of the invention is to overcome these drawbacks by proposing a munition whose projectile is fixed on the socket according to conventional methods, but whose tilting relative to the socket is prevented, and for which the forces to which the subject is subjected. crimping are decreased. It is another object of the present invention to also prohibit the loosening of an under-calibrated projectile, in particular of an arrow, relative to its hoof.
  • the subject of the invention is an ammunition in particular for artillery comprising a cartridge case containing a propellant charge and set on a projectile, consisting of a sabot and a sub-projectile provided with a tail and screwed into the sabot, a ring made at least in part of a combustible material or else fragmentable under the effect of the pressure due to the combustion of the propellant charge, disposed between the shoe and the tail and having a bore in which the sub-projectile is inserted, characterized in that the ring is fully-fledged made of combustible material or else fragmentable and placed in abutment on both the shoe and the tail and comprises radial grooves in which the tail is housed and a cylindrical lateral surface adjusted to the surface of the socket to reinforce the socket-projectile connection, and in that the socket has a crimp on an annular extension of a belt carried by the shoe.
  • the ring may have a shoulder pinched between the sub-projectile and the shoe.
  • the ammunition comprises a means for securing in rotation the sabot and the sub-projectile, constituted for example by an area of the ring having a shape agreement with a part of the sabot.
  • the ring is made integral with the sleeve at its lateral surface by a fixing means, consisting of crimping the sleeve on the lateral surface.
  • the ring has a flat face coming into contact with the propellant charge and making a setting of the latter.
  • Figure 1 partially shows and in longitudinal section an arrow type ammunition consisting of a projectile 1, comprising a launch shoe 3 and a sub-projectile 2, threaded to the shoe, and having at its rear part a tail 13; the ammunition also includes a metallic or combustible case 10, containing a propellant charge 11, some grains of which are schematically represented and which is in contact with the tail 13.
  • a projectile 1 comprising a launch shoe 3 and a sub-projectile 2, threaded to the shoe, and having at its rear part a tail 13; the ammunition also includes a metallic or combustible case 10, containing a propellant charge 11, some grains of which are schematically represented and which is in contact with the tail 13.
  • This arrow munition is designed to be drawn in a rifled tube and it comprises for this purpose a slip belt 4 constituted by a belt body 5 free to rotate on a sub-ring 7 disposed in a housing 24 produced on the shoe 3.
  • the slip belt 4 also includes a front grain 6, a rear grain 9, as well as an axial locking means constituted by pins 8 fixed radially on the shoe 3.
  • a slip belt of this type is described in detail in the French patent. N ° 86.16066.
  • the sleeve 10 is fixed by a crimp 16 on a rear annular extension of the belt body 5. This arrangement makes it easier to place the belt on the shoe.
  • the ammunition also comprises a ring 12, comprising a cylindrical lateral surface 15 fitted to the internal surface 14 of the sleeve 10. This ring is fixed in the vicinity of the crimp 16 to define a zone of contact with the sleeve at a certain distance from it. this.
  • This ring 12 has a bore 17 fitted tight on the sub-projectile 2 as well as radial grooves 18 in which is housed the tail 13 (see Figures 2 and 3); it also includes a shoulder 19 which is clamped between a bearing face 20 of the sub-projectile and a bearing face 21 of the shoe.
  • the ring comprises, on an area facing the shoe, notches 22 which have a shape agreement with the pins 8, and on its part facing the propellant charge 13, a flat face 23 which is pierced with a number of through holes 26 regularly distributed.
  • the ring must not interfere with the interior and exterior ballistics of the projectile and it will be made of a combustible material or even fragmentable under the effect of the pressure due to the combustion of the propellant charge. This material must also have sufficient rigidity to properly perform its functions.
  • a material of the low density polyethylene foam type having a density of the order of 100 to 150 kg / m 3 is perfectly suitable, or a polyamide of the 6 ⁇ 6 type, or a cardboard impregnated with a resin, or a cardboard fuel impregnated with nitrocellulose.
  • the holes 26 make it easier to destroy the ring and give a better balance of pressures on the belt 4.
  • the propellant charge 11 which is constituted by a number of grains, acts on the tail 13 by causing a rotation of the sub-projectile 2 relative to the shoe 3; this rotation causes a translation of the sub-projectile due to the connection by thread between the shoe and the latter.
  • the ring 12 is integral with the sub-projectile 2, the connecting means here being constituted by, both a tight fit of the bore 17 on the sub-projectile, and a concordance of shape between the tail 13 and the grooves 18; in addition, the ring is made integral in rotation with the shoe 3.
  • the rotational securing means here consists of a shape match between the notches 22 and the pawns 8, themselves integral with the hoof; thus, any rotation of the sub-projectile caused by the vibrations of the propellant charge, causes a rotation of the shoe (made possible by the slip belt); there is therefore no loosening of the sub-projectile.
  • the latter retains its initial axial position relative to the hoof, the maintenance of this position being essential for the sub-projectile to have good ballistic behavior at the start of the shot.
  • the ring In the case where the projectile does not have a slip belt, the ring always fulfills its function of securing in rotation the shoe and the sub-projectile.
  • the shoulder 19 pinched between a bearing face 20 of the sub-projectile and a bearing face of the shoe makes it possible to ensure correct positioning when the sub-projectile is mounted relative to the shoe.
  • the distance D between the center of gravity G of the projectile and the crimp 16 is of the order of 100 mm for an arrow munition (and nearly 200 mm for a hollow charge ammunition); the width of the crimping, it is of the order of 3 to 6 mm, the mass of the projectile being of the order of 3.5 kg; the mechanical forces supported by the crimping when the ammunition is horizontal and stressed in vibrations, jolts or twists, and shocks are significant and can reach several thousand Newton.
  • the use of a slip belt on which the socket is crimped causes the tip of the projectile to tilt a few mm due to the axial and radial clearances (of the order of a tenth of a mm) that may exist between the belt body and its housing; in addition to the discomfort brought by this tilting to the installation of the ammunition, the freedom to tilt left to the projectile risks increasing the amplitude of the vibrations and the efforts therefore the stresses undergone by the crimping.
  • the ring according to the invention has an external lateral surface 15 fitted to the internal surface 14 of the sleeve; the ring being integral with the projectile, it allows the latter to be pressed behind the crimp.
  • a length 1 of the order of size is preferably chosen.
  • the material constituting the ring also acts as a shock absorber for the vibrations of the projectile.
  • the flat face 23, facing the propellant charge 11, ensures the timing of the latter.
  • Figure 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention, in which the connecting means between the ring 12 and the projectile is constituted by the surface of the bore 17, as well as that of the grooves 18, as before; but in this, the rotational securing means is constituted by the combination of crimping 16 of the sleeve on the belt, of the sleeve itself, and of crimping 25 of the sleeve on the ring 12.
  • the vibrations of the propellant charge cannot pivot the sub-projectile 2, the latter being integral with the ring 12, itself made integral with the sleeve 10 at its lateral surface by crimping 25; the sub-projectile is therefore integral in rotation and in translation with the sleeve 10.
  • the shoe is also immobilized in rotation and in translation. Indeed, a rotation of the hoof is only possible if a relative translation hoof-sub-projectile is possible or else if the sub-projectile is both free in translation and linked in rotation to the hoof; the sub-projectile being completely immobilized with respect to the sleeve, any relative movement of rotation or translation of the shoe relative to the sub-projectile is impossible.
  • the joining of the ring and the socket may possibly be carried out by another fixing means, for example by bonding associated or not with crimping.
  • the surfaces of the ring having shape matches with a part of the shoe can be different and in particular can be adapted to a particular shape of the rear part of the shoe.
  • the invention can be applied to ammunition of medium caliber as well as to ammunition comprising a projectile with a hollow charge and carrying a slip belt, or even to an explosive shell with a fixed belt, the main aim sought being to reduce the stresses at the level of the socket crimping on the projectile.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Finger-Pressure Massage (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Munition, vor allem für die Artillerie, bestehend aus einer Hülse (10), die eine Treibladung (11) enthält und durch Preßsitz mit einem Geschoß (2) verbunden ist, bestehend aus einem Treibkäfig (3) und einem Unterkalibergeschoß (2), ausgerüstet mit einem Leitwerk und in den Treibkäfig geschraubt, einem Ring 12, der mindestens teilweise aus einem Material besteht, das unter Einwirkung des durch die Verbrennung der Treibladung entstehenden Drucks verbrennt oder splittert, wobei dieser Ring sich zischen dem Treibkäfig (3) und dem Leitwerk befindet und eine Bohrung (17) aufweist, in diee das Unterkalibergeschoß (2) eingefügt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ring (12) vollständig aus einem brennbaren oder splitternden Material besteht, und sich gleichzeitig auf den Treibkäfi (3) und das Leitwerk (13) stützt und Radialnuten (18) aufweist, in denen das Leitwerk (13) ruht, sowie eine zylindrische Seitenfläche (15), die sich der Hülsenoberfläche anpaßt und die Verbindung Hülse-Geschoß verstärkt, und dadurch, daß die Hülse eine Preßsitzverbindung (16) auf der ringförmigen Verlängerung eines Führungsbandes (4) aufweist, die vom Treibkäfig (3) getragen wird.
2. Munition gemäß dem Patentanspruch 1, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß der Ring (12) zischen dem Unterkalibergeschoß (2) und dem Treibkäfig (3) einen Klemmbund (19) aufweist.
3. Munition gemäß dem Patentanspruch 1 oder 2, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß der Ring (12) eine Rotationsverbindung des Treibkäfigs (3) und des Unterkalibergeschosses (2) aufweist.
4. Munition gemäß dem Patentanspruch 3, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die Rotationsverbindung von einem Teil des Ringes gebildet wird, der eine konkordante Form (22) mit einem Teil des Treibkäfigs aufweist.
5. Munition gemäß dem Patentanspruch 1 bis 4, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß der Ring (12) auf der Höhe seiner Seitenfläche (15) durch eine Befestigung mit der Hülse (10) verbunden ist.
6. Munition gemäß dem Patentanspruch 5, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß die Befestigung über eine Preßsitzverbindung der Hülse auf der Seitenfläche (15) erfolgt.
7. Munition gemäß dem Patentanspruch 1 bis 6, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß der Ring (12) eine flache Seite (23) aufweist, die in Kontakt mit der Treibladung (11) ist und deren Verkeilung sichert.
8. Munition gemäß eines beliebigen vorstehenden Patentanspruches, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß der Abstand (1), der die Preßsitzverbindung (16) von der flachen Oberfläche (23) des Ringes (12) trennt, der Größenordnung des Kalibers entspricht.
EP88400366A 1987-03-05 1988-02-18 Munition, insbesondere für Artillerie, bestehend aus einem Geschoss und einer Hülse Expired - Lifetime EP0281462B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88400366T ATE71218T1 (de) 1987-03-05 1988-02-18 Munition, insbesondere fuer artillerie, bestehend aus einem geschoss und einer huelse.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8702975A FR2611889B1 (fr) 1987-03-05 1987-03-05 Munition notamment pour artillerie comportant un projectile et une douille
FR8702975 1987-03-05

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0281462A1 EP0281462A1 (de) 1988-09-07
EP0281462B1 true EP0281462B1 (de) 1992-01-02

Family

ID=9348625

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88400366A Expired - Lifetime EP0281462B1 (de) 1987-03-05 1988-02-18 Munition, insbesondere für Artillerie, bestehend aus einem Geschoss und einer Hülse

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0281462B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE71218T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3867258D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2029038T3 (de)
FR (1) FR2611889B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3843289A1 (de) * 1988-12-22 1990-06-28 Diehl Gmbh & Co Treibspiegelmunition
WO2000000780A1 (en) * 1998-06-30 2000-01-06 Primex Technologies, Inc. Low spin sabot
RU2235272C1 (ru) * 2003-04-09 2004-08-27 Государственное унитарное предприятие "Федеральный научно-производственный центр "Прибор" Унитарный малокалиберный патрон
RU2265787C1 (ru) * 2004-04-14 2005-12-10 Государственное унитарное предприятие "Федеральный научно-производственный центр "Прибор" Унитарный малокалиберный патрон
CN119934905A (zh) * 2025-03-03 2025-05-06 南京理工大学 一种适用于发射不同口径啮合式射弹的模块化弹托

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3107615A (en) * 1962-08-01 1963-10-22 James J Brady Non-lethal discarding device
US3262391A (en) * 1964-10-12 1966-07-26 Budd Co Subcaliber projectile and sabot
US3750578A (en) * 1972-01-04 1973-08-07 Us Army Expellable cartridge case
SE377840B (de) * 1972-04-20 1975-07-28 Ladco Enterprises Ltd
US3834314A (en) * 1972-12-29 1974-09-10 Aai Corp Puller sabot ammunition with slip seal
US4135449A (en) * 1975-06-20 1979-01-23 Rheinmetall Gmbh Projectile for attacking small targets
DE2945291A1 (de) * 1979-11-09 1981-05-21 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Treibkaefig fuer ein unterkalibriges geschoss
DE3104745A1 (de) * 1980-06-26 1984-04-19 Rheinmetall GmbH, 4000 Düsseldorf Geschoss
EP0156948B1 (de) * 1983-10-28 1989-08-16 Rheinmetall GmbH Flügelstabilisiertes Unterkalibergeschoss grossen Länge/Durchmesser-Verhältnisses

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ES2029038T3 (es) 1992-07-16
FR2611889B1 (fr) 1991-06-07
DE3867258D1 (de) 1992-02-13
FR2611889A1 (fr) 1988-09-09
EP0281462A1 (de) 1988-09-07
ATE71218T1 (de) 1992-01-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0112216B1 (de) Geschoss für Feuerwaffen
EP0640205A1 (de) Hülse für teleskopische munitionen.
EP0307307B1 (de) Verbindungsring zwischen Geschoss und Geschosshülse
FR2795170A1 (fr) Balle a fleche interne portee
EP0572643B1 (de) Kugelfang fuer gewehrgranate mit kugelsplitterfangeinrichtung
EP3715776B1 (de) Patrone mit zündschnüren
EP0502753B1 (de) Behälter zur Aufnahme einer Treibladung
EP0180515A1 (de) Einrichtung zum Reduzieren des Luftwiderstandes von Munition und damit versehene Munition
EP0539257B1 (de) Trägergeschoss
EP0314547B1 (de) Treibladung für flügelstabilisierte Geschossmunition sowie Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung
EP0281462B1 (de) Munition, insbesondere für Artillerie, bestehend aus einem Geschoss und einer Hülse
EP0048644B1 (de) Geschoss mit Leitflossen in Gestalt eines Pfeiles
US5325785A (en) Strand ignition for propellant of shell-coated projectile
EP0401115B1 (de) Vorrichtung zum Halten eines Geschosses in bezug auf das Gehäuse einer teleskopartigen Munition
EP0640204B1 (de) Teleskopische munition
EP0659264B1 (de) Vorrichtung zur abdichtung der teribgase bei artilleriegeschossen
FR2670879A1 (fr) Munition constituee de deux charges separees.
EP0401114B1 (de) Vorrichtung zum Halten eines Geschosses in bezug auf das Gehäuse einer teleskopartigen Munition
FR2774162A1 (fr) Projectile a guide conique polygonal pour arme a feu a canon raye, et munition comportant un tel projectile
FR2606869A1 (fr) Ceinture derapante pour projectile de tout calibre
FR2672673A1 (fr) Dispositif d'amorcage pour un sous-projectile.
FR2671622A1 (fr) Projectile avec coiffe rapportee.
FR3100610A1 (fr) Obus anti-aérien pour munition télescopée à double déverrouillage
FR2710975A1 (fr) Elément de munition d'artillerie et munition obtenue par assemblage d'une pluralité de tels éléments.
FR2572513A1 (fr) Dispositif pour corriger l'orientation d'une munition

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19880226

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE DE ES GB IT NL

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19890718

RAP1 Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred)

Owner name: GIAT INDUSTRIES

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE DE ES GB IT NL

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 71218

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19920115

Kind code of ref document: T

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed
REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 3867258

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19920213

GBT Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977)
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2029038

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 19960214

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19960229

Year of fee payment: 9

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19960306

Year of fee payment: 9

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19970219

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Effective date: 19970228

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: GIAT INDUSTRIES

Effective date: 19970228

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Effective date: 19970901

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 19970901

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 19990125

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 19990126

Year of fee payment: 12

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 19990503

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20000218

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20000218

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20001201

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES;WARNING: LAPSES OF ITALIAN PATENTS WITH EFFECTIVE DATE BEFORE 2007 MAY HAVE OCCURRED AT ANY TIME BEFORE 2007. THE CORRECT EFFECTIVE DATE MAY BE DIFFERENT FROM THE ONE RECORDED.

Effective date: 20050218

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20060125

Year of fee payment: 19

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20070218