EP0282722A2 - Appareil pour séparer des matières granulaires solides de liquides - Google Patents

Appareil pour séparer des matières granulaires solides de liquides Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0282722A2
EP0282722A2 EP88101748A EP88101748A EP0282722A2 EP 0282722 A2 EP0282722 A2 EP 0282722A2 EP 88101748 A EP88101748 A EP 88101748A EP 88101748 A EP88101748 A EP 88101748A EP 0282722 A2 EP0282722 A2 EP 0282722A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
opening
chamber
overflow pipe
liquid
settling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88101748A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0282722A3 (fr
Inventor
Rudolf Dipl.-Ing. Bellemann
Bela Dobrocsi
Rolf Ing. Grad. Diehlmann
Karl Friedrich Wacker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BWT Wassertechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Joh A Benckiser Wassertechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Joh A Benckiser Wassertechnik GmbH filed Critical Joh A Benckiser Wassertechnik GmbH
Publication of EP0282722A2 publication Critical patent/EP0282722A2/fr
Publication of EP0282722A3 publication Critical patent/EP0282722A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/08—Vortex chamber constructions
    • B04C5/103—Bodies or members, e.g. bulkheads, guides, in the vortex chamber
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
    • B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
    • B04C5/14—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations
    • B04C5/15—Construction of the underflow ducting; Apex constructions; Discharge arrangements ; discharge through sidewall provided with a few slits or perforations with swinging flaps or revolving sluices; Sluices; Check-valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for separating granular solids from liquids, in particular from water, with a hydrocyclone of the type specified in the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • the raw liquid is first set into a rotational flow before it reaches the rotationally symmetrical separation chamber located below.
  • the rotational flow can be generated, for example, by tangential inflow or by suitable guide surfaces.
  • the solid particles are guided outwards and downwards under the influence of centrifugal force and gravity and reach a settling chamber in which they can be collected and discharged to the outside.
  • the cleaned liquid leaves the separation chamber through an overflow pipe arranged in the upper area of the separation chamber in the cyclone axis.
  • a kind of vortex sink flow is formed in the separation space, in which the peripheral speed rises radially inwards in order to fall back to zero in the vicinity of the cyclone axis.
  • the outlet opening to the sedimentation chamber acts like a throttling device that blocks the outlet of the main liquid quantity. This results in a reversal of the upstream flow direction, due to which an upward-directed secondary vortex is formed.
  • the medium grain sizes carried upwards in the vortex core area are thrown out and reach the outside in the sludge stream which has already separated in the primary vortex. The finest fractions leave the inside of the cyclone with the secondary vortex through the overflow pipe.
  • the invention is based on the object to provide a separator with hydrocyclone of the type mentioned, which has a relatively low height and still ensures high selectivity.
  • the solution according to the invention is based on the idea that by using suitable guiding, retaining and / or trapping surfaces within the separation chamber, a reduction in the settling distance and thus a reduction in the overall height can be achieved with a given selectivity.
  • a coaxial, substantially hollow-conical guide body is arranged in the separation chamber below the overflow pipe, which points with its tip to the overflow pipe and extends downwards to a diameter corresponding at least to the diameter of the overflow pipe, so that an annular passage opening from the separation chamber to the overflow pipe is formed on its outside and that an annular passage remains at the bottom for the rotating residual liquid stream loaded with the solid particles.
  • the underside of the guide body is connected to the overflow pipe via at least one opening near the axis, the passage cross section of which is very much smaller than the annular passage opening on the outside of the guide body.
  • the separation chamber below the guide body there is additionally a downwardly open to the settling chamber, in the lower region of its lateral surface with catch openings for the solid particles arriving with the still rotating residual liquid flow, which is connected to the at least one opening close to the axis with the Overflow pipe or the bottom of the guide body is connected.
  • the opening of the catch bell close to the axis it should also be achieved that the sedimenting solid volume can be compensated for by flowing liquid.
  • the suction pressure is greatest in the area near the axis, so that the best effect is achieved there, without the risk of entrainment of solid particles from the radially further downward flow.
  • a particularly compact design is obtained when the guide body engages with its tip, which has the opening close to the axis, from below into the overflow pipe.
  • the essentially conical or dome-shaped catch bell engages with the tip of the hollow cone-shaped guide body from below.
  • the funnel-shaped sedimentation space advantageously has a downward-pointing emptying opening which can be closed by a closure member which is preferably designed as a valve body.
  • the closure member expediently opens the emptying opening depending on the amount of solid particles deposited in the settling space.
  • the closure member can be designed as a float, which forms a bottom surface for the solid particles accumulating in the settling chamber and whose closing force can be overcome when the predetermined weight of the solid particles loaded on it is reached, with the discharge opening being released.
  • the bottom surface of the closure member expediently protrudes in a ring over the edge of the discharge opening of the settling space and forms a flat annular trough as a base for the solid particles.
  • the emptying opening of the settling chamber opens into a rinsing chamber, which in turn has a rinsing opening that can be closed with a closing body against atmospheric pressure.
  • the closure member of the settling chamber is expediently coupled to a control member via which an actuating mechanism which opens and / or closes the closing body of the rinsing chamber can be triggered.
  • the Ver closing member Under the influence of the pressure difference that occurs when the flushing opening is open, the Ver closing member first pressed against the bottom of the rinsing chamber in such a way that the liquid can only escape through essentially radially extending flow channels in the closing member or at the bottom thereof. Since these flow channels have a relatively small passage cross section, liquid surges when opening and later closing the flushing opening are avoided.
  • the closure member is gradually lifted off the flushing opening, so that the liquid throughput increases and the solid sludge accumulated in the settling chamber is reliably flushed out.
  • the actuating mechanism for the closing body expediently has a piston which is rigidly connected to the closing body via a tappet and which is arranged in a piston or membrane cylinder which is arranged above the hydrocyclone and, via a control valve, can optionally be pressurized with the excess pressure of the liquid or with atmospheric pressure.
  • a backwashable filter element through which the liquid flowing out of the hydrocyclone flows is arranged in the region between the overflow pipe and the liquid outlet.
  • the filter element can be designed as a hollow cylinder which is arranged coaxially above the overflow pipe and flows through from the inside to the outside, a channel piece being arranged within the filter element with at least one slot-shaped ring opening axially displaceable axially over the inner surface of the filter element and leading to the settling space or the rinsing chamber on the outlet side Outermost ring opening Edge of a scraper which is displaceable over the height of the filter element is arranged and which can be arranged on the plunger connecting the closing body of the rinsing chamber to the piston of the actuating mechanism. On the plunger, a driver for lifting the closure member from the bottom of the rinsing chamber is also arranged.
  • the dirt separators shown in the drawing are intended for connection to water pipes and have the task of protecting the pipes and the fittings and devices connected to them against contamination. They consist of a head part 14 provided with pipe connections 10, 12, a cup 16 ⁇ , 16 ⁇ flanged to the underside of the head part 14, a hydrocyclone 18 arranged inside the cup and an automatic actuation device 20 located in the head part for triggering a rinsing process for the person in the settling chamber 22 accumulated coarse dirt.
  • a backwashable filter element 24 is additionally arranged above the hydrocyclone 18, the backwashing process of which can also be triggered by the actuating device 20.
  • the raw water inlet 26 is connected via a swirl chamber 28 with a helically wound guide surface 30 with the outwardly delimited by the upper cup part 16 ⁇ separation chamber 32.
  • An overflow pipe 34 dips into the separation chamber 32 from above and has an lower opening 36 facing the separation chamber 32 and an upper opening 38 facing the liquid outlet 37.
  • a coaxial, hollow-conical guide and retention body 40 which engages with its tip 42 upwards in the overflow pipe 34 and widens downwards to a diameter at least corresponding to the diameter of the overflow pipe 34.
  • the guide body 40 forms with the lower opening edge 36 of the overflow pipe 34 an annular passage opening 44 for the liquid flowing out from the separation chamber 32 to the overflow pipe 34, while an annular passage 48 for the downward between the outer edge 46 of the guide body 40 and the inner surface of the cup upper part 16 ⁇ directional rotating residual liquid stream remains.
  • the interior 50 of the guide body 40 is connected to the overflow pipe 34 via a plurality of openings 52 near the axis, the overall cross section of which is much smaller than the annular passage opening 44 on the outside of the guide body 40.
  • the funnel-shaped settling chamber 22 which is open towards the collecting bell 56 and whose downward-pointing emptying opening 66 can be closed by a closure member 68 designed as a float.
  • the float 68 forms a bottom surface 70 on its surface formed as a flat annular trough for the solid particles coming from the separation chamber 32 into the settling chamber 22.
  • the closing force of the float valve 68 is set so that it can be overcome by the weight of the solid particles on it with the release of the discharge opening 66 of the settling chamber 22.
  • the emptying opening 66 opens into a water-filled rinsing chamber 72, in which the float 68 is also located.
  • the rinsing chamber 72 has a rinsing opening 76 at the central point of its conically tapering bottom 74, which can be closed by a closing body 78 against the external atmospheric pressure.
  • the closing body 78 is connected to the automatically triggered actuating mechanism 20 via a plunger 80, which is guided upward through the square tube 62.
  • the tappet end is fastened to a piston 104 spanned by a roller membrane 102, the piston surface of which can be acted upon by the control valve 106 either with the excess pressure prevailing in the water-carrying area of the device or with atmospheric pressure.
  • control valve 106 If the control valve 106 is brought into its rinsing position, in which pressurized water is applied to the piston cylinder 114, the piston 104 is displaced upward against the force of the spring 122. The closing body 78 lifts off from its sealing seat and opens the flushing opening 76. If the control valve 106 is subsequently switched back to the operating position in which the piston cylinder 114 is relieved against atmospheric pressure, the piston 104 returns to its starting position under the action of the compression spring 122. The water in the piston cylinder 114 is displaced outwardly into a drain channel 120 via a connection 116 of the control valve and the hose 118. The throttling effect in the connecting channels ensures that the piston 104 is slowly pushed back into its starting position.
  • the water which is loaded with solid impurities and arrives via the liquid inlet 26 is set into a rotational flow in the swirl chamber 28.
  • the coarser solid particles in particular are led outwards and downwards under the influence of centrifugal force and gravity.
  • the inner one Part of the vortex flow generated in this way is sharply deflected on the outer surface of the guide body 40 through the annular passage opening 48 into the overflow pipe 34 and directed to the liquid outlet 37.
  • the outer, predominantly loaded with the solids part of the fluid vortex passes as a rotating residual flow through the annular passage 48 past the guide body 40 over into the space 32 ⁇ below it of the separation chamber and impinges there on the outer surface of the collecting bell 56, so that a flow restriction occurs.
  • the fluid vortices directed upwards on the outer surface of the collecting bell 56 are damped in the interior 50 of the guide body 40 and finally come down again with the residual current coming from above. There, the residual flow enters the interior of the catch bell 56 through the catch openings.
  • the boundary surfaces of the catch openings 54 are delimited by guide surfaces 55, which for the most part deflect the incoming solid particles obliquely downwards through the opening 57 into the settling chamber 22. Additional niches in the catch bell 56 and below the annular cover 59 of the settling chamber 22 ensure that the trapped solid particles can no longer get up.
  • the settling chamber gradually fills with the separated solids. If the weight of the deposited solids finally becomes greater than the closing force generated by the buoyancy of the closure body in the water, the closure member 68 sinks downward, releasing the emptying opening 66. Some solid sludge penetrates the outer ring 71 of the closing body 68 and forms a pouring cone.
  • the annular trough 70, 71 is, however, dimensioned such that the solid material sludge does not initially fall down into the rinsing chamber 72.
  • an actuating member 82 is also carried down, which carries a permanent magnet on its upper ring.
  • a permanent magnet designed as a Hall sensor is actuated via the permanent magnet and triggers the actual rinsing process via control electronics 107 connected to the actuating mechanism 20.
  • the plunger 80 which moves the diaphragm piston 104 upward, opens the closing body 78, which had been in the closed position until then, and releases the flushing opening 76 to the outside atmospheric pressure.
  • water currently flows out of the flushing opening 76, which pulls the closure member 68 downward against the bottom 74 of the flushing chamber 72.
  • the closure member 68 annularly surrounds the flushing opening 76, so that initially only water can flow out through the essentially radially extending channels, which are formed by indentations 86 on the underside of the closure member 68. The throttling caused thereby prevents the occurrence of pressure surges when the flushing opening 76 is opened.
  • the plunger 80 is now gradually pulled upwards by the membrane piston 104.
  • the closure member 68 is also gripped by a driver 88 arranged on the tappet and carried upward, so that the initial throttling is canceled.
  • the water flowing through the settling chamber 22 to the flushing opening 76 in this phase at high flow speed takes the solid sludge with it and rinses it out completely.
  • the plunger 80 with the closing body 78 is pushed down again by the actuating mechanism 20. In the lower section, even before the closing body 78 enters the flushing opening 76, the closure member 68 which has been carried along is placed back on the bottom of the flushing chamber, so that pressure surges during the closing process are avoided.
  • a backwashable filter element 24 is additionally arranged between the overflow pipe 34 of the hydrocyclone 18 and the liquid outlet 37, through which the pre-cleaned water coming from the hydrocyclone 18 flows.
  • the Filter element 24 has a cylindrical support body with relatively large openings, over the inner surface of which a narrow-mesh textile filter fabric is stretched.
  • a backwashable filter element of this type is described in EP-PS 121 090.
  • the pre-cleaned water arriving through the overflow pipe 34 enters the filter element 24, flows through it from the inside to the outside and flows out cleaned through the water outlet 37.
  • the suspended particles still in the water are retained on the filter fabric.
  • the pressure drop in the device increases. Therefore, the filter element 24 must be cleaned from time to time by backwashing.
  • the backwashing device 130 arranged inside the filter element serves this purpose.
  • the backwashing device 130 contains a channel piece which is axially displaceable relative to the filter element and which has a central tube 132 and a plurality of angularly spaced upward-pointing connecting channels 134 which open at their outer end in groups in two axially spaced ring channels 136 which in turn have an annular opening 138 open radially towards the filter element.
  • the use of two annular channels 136 arranged at an axial distance from one another has the advantage that the entire height of the filter element 24 can be covered with a relatively small stroke during the backwashing process.
  • the ring channels 136 with their ring opening 138 must be as close as possible to the inner surface of the filter element 24 so that only backwash water from the pure water side 37 can pass through the filter element 24 to the ring opening 138 and the entry of water from the overflow pipe 34 is avoided.
  • the duct piece 130 with its downward-pointing pipe 132, extends through the overflow pipe 34 and the hydrocyclone 18 and has an outlet opening which is open towards the rinsing chamber 72.
  • the tube 132 is rigidly connected at one end via the plunger 80 to the diaphragm piston 104 of the actuating device 20 and at the other end rigidly to the closing body 78 of the rinsing chamber 72.
  • the backwashing process is initiated simultaneously with the flushing out process in the hydrocyclone 18.
  • the backwashing water passes from the water outlet 37 through the filter element 24, and the channel piece 130 to the flushing out opening 76, due to the pressure gradient arising when the closing body 78 is lifted from the flushing out opening 76.
  • the filtering operation can be maintained since in the hydrocyclone 18 only a small part of the inflowing raw water branches off for rinsing and the water flowing out via the overflow pipe 34 can still reach the areas of the filter element 24 which are not covered by the ring openings 138 . Any coarse dirt particles that detach from the filter element 24 when the ring channels 136 designed as wipers are displaced can pass down through the overflow pipe 34 to the settling chamber 22 of the hydrocyclone.
  • the backwashing and rinsing cycle can also be initiated by a time-dependent control after a certain operating time in the filtering operation, by a pressure-dependent control based on a measurement of the pressure difference between the water inlet 26 and the water outlet 37 or via a quantity-dependent control by measuring the flow rate.

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  • Cyclones (AREA)
  • Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
EP88101748A 1987-03-17 1988-02-06 Appareil pour séparer des matières granulaires solides de liquides Withdrawn EP0282722A3 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19873708668 DE3708668A1 (de) 1987-03-17 1987-03-17 Geraet zur abscheidung von koernigen feststoffen aus fluessigkeiten
DE3708668 1987-03-17

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0282722A2 true EP0282722A2 (fr) 1988-09-21
EP0282722A3 EP0282722A3 (fr) 1990-03-28

Family

ID=6323290

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88101748A Withdrawn EP0282722A3 (fr) 1987-03-17 1988-02-06 Appareil pour séparer des matières granulaires solides de liquides

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0282722A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE3708668A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0950856A1 (fr) * 1998-04-16 1999-10-20 Alstom France SA Séparateur de particules combustibles disposé en amont d'une chaudière et comportant un unique clapet d'isolement
GB2392858A (en) * 2002-09-12 2004-03-17 James David Wallace Self emptying gas filter
CN116099449A (zh) * 2022-12-14 2023-05-12 连云港海恒生化科技有限公司 一种使用氯化亚砜制备二氯乙醚的加热回流装置

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1065209A (fr) * 1952-05-02 1954-05-21 Cyclone
US2760595A (en) * 1953-12-21 1956-08-28 Beaumont Birch Company Continuous operation cyclone receiver
GB865151A (en) * 1958-04-22 1961-04-12 Dust Control Processes Ltd Improvements in or relating to dust separators
DE1168868B (de) * 1958-11-11 1964-04-30 Waldhof Zellstoff Fab Verfahren zum Zerstoeren von Schaeumen
DE1838794U (de) * 1960-11-08 1961-10-05 Filter Und Entoelerbau Veb Abscheider fuer fluessigkeiten und feste verunreinigungen aus einem druckgas.
DE2611885C3 (de) * 1976-03-20 1982-05-27 Hermann Finckh, Maschinenfabrik GmbH & Co, 7417 Pfullingen Gerät zur Reinigung von Faserstoffsuspensionen
DE2622880C3 (de) * 1976-05-21 1981-05-14 Amberger Kaolinwerke Gmbh, 8452 Hirschau Verfahren zum fraktionierten von suspendierten Feststoffen mittels Hydrozyklonen, sowie Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
AU528966B2 (en) * 1979-05-22 1983-05-19 Warman International Limited Cyclone underflow density controller
DE3009214A1 (de) * 1980-03-11 1981-09-17 Friedrich Wilhelm Dörrenberg Wirtschaftliche Verbrennungs-Technik, 5063 Overath-Untereschbach Fliehkraftabscheider
NZ197894A (en) * 1980-08-11 1985-07-12 Hydro Int Ltd Vortex separator for sewage treatment;conical flow modifier in solids outlet
DE3308020A1 (de) * 1983-03-07 1984-09-13 Cillichemie Ernst Vogelmann Gmbh & Co, 7100 Heilbronn Rueckspuelbares filtergeraet

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0950856A1 (fr) * 1998-04-16 1999-10-20 Alstom France SA Séparateur de particules combustibles disposé en amont d'une chaudière et comportant un unique clapet d'isolement
FR2777476A1 (fr) * 1998-04-16 1999-10-22 Alsthom Gec Separateur de particules combustibles dispose en amont d'une chaudiere et comportant un unique clapet d'isolement
US6231273B1 (en) 1998-04-16 2001-05-15 Alstom France Sa Fuel particle separator disposed upstream from a boiler, and provided with an isolating valve member
GB2392858A (en) * 2002-09-12 2004-03-17 James David Wallace Self emptying gas filter
CN116099449A (zh) * 2022-12-14 2023-05-12 连云港海恒生化科技有限公司 一种使用氯化亚砜制备二氯乙醚的加热回流装置
CN116099449B (zh) * 2022-12-14 2023-12-22 连云港海恒生化科技有限公司 一种使用氯化亚砜制备二氯乙醚的加热回流装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3708668A1 (de) 1988-09-29
EP0282722A3 (fr) 1990-03-28

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