EP0286480A2 - Isolierende Verstärkung für Stützen für Stromleitungen und Herstellungsverfahren - Google Patents

Isolierende Verstärkung für Stützen für Stromleitungen und Herstellungsverfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0286480A2
EP0286480A2 EP88400630A EP88400630A EP0286480A2 EP 0286480 A2 EP0286480 A2 EP 0286480A2 EP 88400630 A EP88400630 A EP 88400630A EP 88400630 A EP88400630 A EP 88400630A EP 0286480 A2 EP0286480 A2 EP 0286480A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fibers
arm
armament
layer
layers
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP88400630A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0286480A3 (en
EP0286480B1 (de
Inventor
Michel C/O Manufacture D'appareillage Therond
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Manufacture dAppareillage Electrique de Cahors SA
Original Assignee
Manufacture dAppareillage Electrique de Cahors SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Manufacture dAppareillage Electrique de Cahors SA filed Critical Manufacture dAppareillage Electrique de Cahors SA
Priority to AT88400630T priority Critical patent/ATE63964T1/de
Publication of EP0286480A2 publication Critical patent/EP0286480A2/de
Publication of EP0286480A3 publication Critical patent/EP0286480A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0286480B1 publication Critical patent/EP0286480B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/24—Cross arms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/02—Structures made of specified materials

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an insulating armament for a pole for supporting overhead electrical lines.
  • the invention also relates to the method for the manufacture of such armament.
  • the power lines used for transport under low, medium and high voltage, are supported by poles or pylons via consoles called "armaments" equipped with insulators.
  • these armaments consist of metal profiles provided with means for fixing to the pole and means for hanging the electric line in a direction perpendicular to the armaments.
  • the ideal armament must have the greatest possible longitudinal flexibility, while being able to support the greatest possible vertical loads. It is understood that in practice, such a compromise is difficult to achieve.
  • the object of the present invention is to create an armament which makes it possible to achieve the abovementioned objective, while being inexpensive.
  • the armament targeted by the invention consists of a flexible arm comprising at one of its ends means for fixing it to the pole and at its other end, means for fixing an electric line substantially perpendicular to the arm, this arm having a rectangular cross section, the width of this section measured in a plane perpendicular to the power line being greater than the thickness of this section measured in a direction parallel to the power line.
  • the thickness of this section decreases regularly from the means of fixing to the pole towards the means of fixing to the power line, while the width of this section is constant, the arm present in the direction of its thickness, a succession of layers of continuous mineral fibers extending in the direction of the length of the arm, separated by a layer of short mineral fibers randomly oriented, these fibers and these layers being linked together by a synthetic resin.
  • the layers containing continuous fibers extending in the lengthwise direction of the armament and embedded in the synthetic resin give the armament, because they are located in vertical planes, a great resistance to vertical loads as well as a high breaking strength at break. Furthermore, the fact that the cross-section of the armament has a dimension in the vertical direction which is greater than in the longitudinal direction of the electrical line and the fact that this section decreases regularly from the pole, the armament has a great longitudinal flexibility.
  • the layer containing randomly oriented short fibers allows stress to be distributed thermal and mechanical between the above layers with continuous fibers.
  • this randomly oriented short fiber intermediate layer allows the arm to be pierced.
  • the piercing of the armament would cause delamination.
  • a layer of mineral fiber fabric is placed on each side of the arm between the first layer of short fibers and the next layer of continuous fibers.
  • This fabric preferably contains fiber threads arranged at + 45 ° and - 45 ° from the direction of the length of the armament, which allows optimal resistance to torsion to be obtained.
  • the proportion of continuous fibers is greater than that of short fibers.
  • certain layers of short fibers are separated from the next layer of continuous fibers by an additional layer of short fibers which extends over only part of the length of the arm from the fastening means to the pole, the length of this layer of short fibers gradually decreasing from the outside towards the middle of the thickness of the arm to achieve a thickness decreasing regularly, from the pole towards the end of the armament intended to support the electric line.
  • the outer surface of the arm is covered by a plastic coating resistant to electric arc, weathering and ultraviolet radiation, such as an ethylene-propylene-diene methylene copolymer.
  • the method for manufacturing an insulating armament for a pole for supporting power lines comprises the following steps: - Strips are produced containing a layer of continuous fibers extending in the direction of the length of the strip and a layer of short fibers of random directions pre-impregnated with polyester resin and possibly strips of fiber fabric at ⁇ 45 ° from the direction of the length of the strip, these strips are cut to the dimensions of the desired length and width of the armament, - the different strips are stacked according to the desired arrangement, - this stack is preheated to a temperature below the polymerization temperature of the polyester resin, - The stack is placed in a mold, and this stack is molded by heating it and applying pressure thereon.
  • the lateral armament 1 is constituted by a flexible arm comprising at one of its ends a support 2 for fixing it to a post 3 and at its other end a nozzle 4 carrying a clamp cable 5 to which is fixed an electrical line 6 extending perpendicular to the arm 1.
  • the arm 1 has a rectangular cross section (see FIG. 3). The width l of this section measured in a plane perpendicular to the power line 6 is significantly greater than the thickness e of this section measured in a direction parallel to the power line 6, that is to say in the plane of the figure 2.
  • the thickness e of the section of the arm 1 decreases regularly from the support 2 for fixing to the pole 3 towards the end piece 4 for fixing to the power line 6. Furthermore, the width l of this section is constant (see figure 1).
  • the arm 1 has, in the direction of its thickness e , that is to say in the plane of FIG. 2, a succession of layers 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d of continuous glass fibers 10 (see Figures 4, 7, 8) extending in the direction of the length L of the arm 1. These layers 7a, 7b, 7c, 7d are separated by a layer 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d of short glass fibers 11 (see Figures 5, 7, 8) oriented randomly. These two layers and the fibers thereof are linked together by a synthetic resin, such as a polyester resin.
  • a layer 9a, 9b of glass fiber fabric is arranged (see FIG. 8) on each side of the arm 1 between the first layer of short fibers 11 and the layer 7b of continuous fibers 10 below.
  • the distribution of the different layers is symmetrical on either side of the neutral fiber N of the arm 1.
  • connection between the different layers such as 7a, 8a, 9a is carried out by polymerization of the synthetic resin during a pressure molding operation which will be described later.
  • the proportion of continuous fibers 10 is greater than that of short fibers 11.
  • the mass ratio of continuous fibers 10 is substantially equal to 80% of the totality of fibers, that of short fibers 11 therefore being substantially equal to 20%.
  • the mass content of continuous fibers 10 and short fibers 11 is between 50 and 60% of the total mass, the proportion of synthetic resin therefore representing 40 to 50%.
  • the fabric 9a (or 9b) (see FIG. 6) comprises a first series of wires 12a of parallel glass fibers arranged at + 45 ° to the direction of the length L of the arm 1 and a second series of wires 12b of parallel fibers arranged at - 45 ° from this direction.
  • the outer surface of the arm 1 is covered (see FIG. 3) by a coating 14 of elastomer resistant to electric arc, weathering and ultraviolet radiation, such as an ethylene-propylene-diene-methylene copolymer (EPDM).
  • EPDM ethylene-propylene-diene-methylene copolymer
  • the support 2 for fixing the arm 1 to the post 3 and the end piece 4 are preferably made of aluminum and are fixed to the arm 1 by gluing.
  • Aluminum is one of the common metals that presents the coefficient of expansion closest to the composite material (glass fibers, polyester resin) which constitutes the arm 1, so that the connection of the support 2 and the end piece 4 to the arm 1 is not likely to be affected by temperature variations.
  • a strip is produced comprising successively a layer of continuous glass fibers 10 oriented lengthwise of this strip, a layer of short glass fibers 11 of random orientation and a layer of fabric 9a comprising fiberglass yarns 12a, 12b forming an angle of ⁇ 45 ° with respect to the length L of the strip. All of these layers are prepreg with polyester resin.
  • composition of this strip is for example as follows: - polyester resin: 18% - thermoplastic anti-shrinkage agent: 12% - adjuvant, coloring catalyst: 3% - mineral charges: 12% - glass fibers: 55%
  • the strips are then stacked following the distribution shown in FIG. 8.
  • the stack thus produced is placed in a high frequency preheater so as to heat this stack to around 70 ° C. (temperature below the polymerization temperature of the polyester resin).
  • This preheating makes it possible in particular to reduce the thermal stresses inside the material, during molding.
  • the stack obtained 15 is then placed in a mold (see FIG. 9) in two parts 16 and 17 placed in a press.
  • the stack 15 is heated to the polymerization temperature of the polyester resin, while applying pressure (see arrows F in FIG. 9).
  • the stack 15 is then removed from the mold, deburred, cooled, then sanded or sanded to obtain a surface condition as good as possible.
  • the glue used for this purpose can be a semiconductor glue to avoid the problems of partial discharges.
  • the outer surface of the arm thus obtained is then coated with an adhesion primer and then with an EPDM coating.
  • the armament thus produced makes it possible, for a given flexibility, to have better resistance to vertical loads than an armament with constant section and inertia produced for example by pultrusion.
  • an armament produced in accordance with the invention having a length L equal to 150 cm, a width l equal to 90 mm and a thickness e decreasing between 25 and 20 mm supports a static vertical load greater than 240 daN and has a longitudinal flexibility greater than 5mm / daN.
  • the armament contains a large proportion of continuous longitudinal fibers 10.
  • the fabric having son of glass fibers 12a and 12b forming an angle equal to ⁇ 45 ° and - 45 ° with the direction of the length L of the armament makes it possible to increase the resistance to torsion of the armament, while the layers containing the short glass fibers 11 randomly oriented, make it possible to distribute the thermal and mechanical stresses between the fabric and the adjacent layers with long fibers and allow the drilling of arm 1 without risk of delamination.
  • Glass fibers can thus be replaced by other mineral fibers, such as rock fibers.
  • polyester resin can be replaced by another synthetic thermosetting or thermoplastic resin.
  • the dimensions of the arm 1 can be modified as required.
  • this arm 1, instead of being perpendicular to the post 3 could be oblique.
  • armament manufacturing process instead of stacking on each other pre-impregnated strips of fibers, cut to the dimensions L and l of the armament, one can proceed as follows: using a sheet having the length L of the armament and having a layer of continuous fibers and a layer of short fibers pre-impregnated with resin, and this sheet is rolled up so as to form a flattened spiral composed of strips of maximum width equal to l connected to each other.
  • a stack is made up successively of layers with continuous fibers and short fibers.
  • strips of variable length such as the short fiber layers (13a, 13b, 13c) shown in FIG. 8, are inserted between the layers of the spiral.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Insulating Bodies (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Insulation, Fastening Of Motor, Generator Windings (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
  • Insulators (AREA)
  • Processing Of Terminals (AREA)
  • Patch Boards (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Motors, Generators (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Electrical Connectors (AREA)
  • Suspension Of Electric Lines Or Cables (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
  • Ultra Sonic Daignosis Equipment (AREA)
  • Electric Cable Installation (AREA)
  • Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
  • Electron Sources, Ion Sources (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Antibodies Or Antigens For Use As Internal Diagnostic Agents (AREA)
EP88400630A 1987-03-20 1988-03-16 Isolierende Verstärkung für Stützen für Stromleitungen und Herstellungsverfahren Expired - Lifetime EP0286480B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT88400630T ATE63964T1 (de) 1987-03-20 1988-03-16 Isolierende verstaerkung fuer stuetzen fuer stromleitungen und herstellungsverfahren.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8703885 1987-03-20
FR8703885A FR2612549B1 (fr) 1987-03-20 1987-03-20 Armement isolant pour poteau de support de lignes electriques et son procede de fabrication

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0286480A2 true EP0286480A2 (de) 1988-10-12
EP0286480A3 EP0286480A3 (en) 1989-07-05
EP0286480B1 EP0286480B1 (de) 1991-05-29

Family

ID=9349243

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88400630A Expired - Lifetime EP0286480B1 (de) 1987-03-20 1988-03-16 Isolierende Verstärkung für Stützen für Stromleitungen und Herstellungsverfahren

Country Status (17)

Country Link
US (2) US4867399A (de)
EP (1) EP0286480B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS63308169A (de)
CN (1) CN1014624B (de)
AT (1) ATE63964T1 (de)
CA (1) CA1309474C (de)
DE (2) DE3862985D1 (de)
ES (1) ES2004331B3 (de)
FI (1) FI87959C (de)
FR (1) FR2612549B1 (de)
GR (2) GR880300179T1 (de)
MY (1) MY100817A (de)
NO (1) NO168735C (de)
OA (1) OA08820A (de)
PH (1) PH24573A (de)
PT (1) PT87011B (de)
SG (1) SG74191G (de)

Families Citing this family (21)

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US5605017A (en) * 1994-01-13 1997-02-25 Pupi Enterprises L.L.C. Pultruded utility line support structure and method
US5419453A (en) * 1994-02-04 1995-05-30 Lochridge; Jeffrey L. Trash receptacle with bag retainer
ATE197840T1 (de) * 1998-08-06 2000-12-15 Daume Karin Maschinenteile Elektrisch leitende rohr- oder kabelschelle
US6347488B1 (en) 1999-06-29 2002-02-19 Jeffrey T. Koye Utility pole cross-arm
US6343725B1 (en) 2000-12-19 2002-02-05 Owens-Illinois Closure Inc. Disk-type toggle-action dispensing closure, package and method of assembly
US6834469B2 (en) 2001-01-24 2004-12-28 Geotek, Inc. Utility line support member
EP1486413B1 (de) * 2003-06-11 2010-04-28 Campagnolo S.R.L. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Fahrradkomponente
US7578488B2 (en) * 2005-02-01 2009-08-25 The Southern Company Temporary arm gain and saddle
US7750236B2 (en) * 2007-01-09 2010-07-06 The Southern Company Non-boring support system for transmission line structures
GB0914678D0 (en) * 2009-08-21 2009-09-30 Univ Manchester Support towers, insulating cross-arms and insulating members for high voltage power networks
US8708845B2 (en) * 2010-01-05 2014-04-29 Easton Sports, Inc. Ball bat including multiple failure planes
US8182377B2 (en) * 2010-01-05 2012-05-22 Easton Sports, Inc. Ball bat including multiple failure planes
WO2014039965A1 (en) * 2012-09-07 2014-03-13 Fives Machining Systems, Inc. Method and apparatus for rapid molding a composite structure
US10159878B2 (en) 2015-08-27 2018-12-25 Easton Diamond Sports, Llc Composite ball bat including a barrel with structural regions separated by a porous non-adhesion layer
JP7012069B2 (ja) * 2016-07-26 2022-01-27 シャンハイ・シェマー・パワー・エンジニアリング カンパニーリミテッド クロスアームおよびアングルタワーおよびそれらを含むテンションタワー
US11013967B2 (en) 2017-07-19 2021-05-25 Easton Diamond Sports, Llc Ball bats with reduced durability regions for deterring alteration
US11167190B2 (en) 2017-07-19 2021-11-09 Easton Diamond Sports, Llc Ball bats with reduced durability regions for deterring alteration
US10940377B2 (en) 2018-06-19 2021-03-09 Easton Diamond Sports, Llc Composite ball bats with transverse fibers
CN109054083A (zh) * 2018-06-21 2018-12-21 滁州市三和纤维制造有限公司 一种用于生产电线绝缘层材料用改性矿物纤维
CN110649502B (zh) * 2018-06-27 2021-11-05 国网河南省电力公司检修公司 ±1100kV特高压直流输电线路200kN级硬质绝缘拉棒
US12246230B2 (en) 2021-08-20 2025-03-11 Easton Diamond Sports, Llc Composite ball bats with transverse interlaminar interfaces

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FR1145447A (fr) * 1955-02-08 1957-10-25 Gar Wood Ind Inc Support tel que poteau électrique ou téléphonique avec gaine en fibres de verre
US3070194A (en) * 1958-01-13 1962-12-25 Mc Graw Edison Co Brace assembly
GB919534A (en) * 1959-10-07 1963-02-27 British Insulated Callenders Cross arms for supporting overhead electric lines
US3408239A (en) * 1965-06-11 1968-10-29 Coast Mfg & Supply Company Method for manufacturing glass fiber reinforced resin impregnated mats
US3299586A (en) * 1965-10-22 1967-01-24 Weyerhaeuser Co Crossarm assembly
US3574104A (en) * 1968-01-24 1971-04-06 Plastigage Corp Glass fiber constructional member
US3527549A (en) * 1968-08-29 1970-09-08 Bendix Corp Motor pump suspension
US3813837A (en) * 1972-10-16 1974-06-04 Cascade Pole Co Fiberglass pole and method and apparatus for fabricating same
US3896858A (en) * 1973-02-28 1975-07-29 William J Whatley Utility pole
US4007075A (en) * 1973-12-10 1977-02-08 Cascade Pole Company Method of making a fiberglass pole
US4141929A (en) * 1974-11-07 1979-02-27 Armco Inc. Unidirectional sheet molding composition and process of preparing same
LU80296A1 (fr) * 1978-09-28 1980-04-21 Bekaert Sa Nv Structures amortissant des vibrations mecaniques
US4220496A (en) * 1979-02-01 1980-09-02 Ppg Industries, Inc. High strength composite of resin, helically wound fibers and chopped fibers and method of its formation
US4292406A (en) * 1979-09-11 1981-09-29 The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Department Of Energy Anaerobic thermophilic culture system
US4539055A (en) * 1982-06-18 1985-09-03 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Fiber pipe protection for water cooled pipes in reheat furnaces
US4695677A (en) * 1985-06-06 1987-09-22 Ruth Dale G Wire tensioning system
JPS62225537A (ja) * 1986-03-27 1987-10-03 Showa Highpolymer Co Ltd 繊維強化樹脂用硬化性組成物
US4682747A (en) * 1986-04-24 1987-07-28 King Jr Halm C Utility insulated cross-arm

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2612549B1 (fr) 1989-06-30
US4867399A (en) 1989-09-19
NO168735C (no) 1992-03-25
US5009734A (en) 1991-04-23
CN1037009A (zh) 1989-11-08
ATE63964T1 (de) 1991-06-15
SG74191G (en) 1991-11-22
FI881230A7 (fi) 1988-09-21
FR2612549A1 (fr) 1988-09-23
DE3862985D1 (de) 1991-07-04
PT87011B (pt) 1995-05-04
FI881230A0 (fi) 1988-03-15
OA08820A (fr) 1989-03-31
NO881133D0 (no) 1988-03-15
PH24573A (en) 1990-08-03
PT87011A (pt) 1989-03-30
DE286480T1 (de) 1989-02-16
CN1014624B (zh) 1991-11-06
GR880300179T1 (en) 1989-02-23
CA1309474C (en) 1992-10-27
GR3002034T3 (en) 1992-12-30
JPH0584790B2 (de) 1993-12-03
MY100817A (en) 1991-02-28
ES2004331A4 (es) 1989-01-01
EP0286480A3 (en) 1989-07-05
FI87959B (fi) 1992-11-30
NO168735B (no) 1991-12-16
NO881133L (no) 1988-09-21
ES2004331B3 (es) 1991-12-01
EP0286480B1 (de) 1991-05-29
FI87959C (fi) 1993-03-10
JPS63308169A (ja) 1988-12-15

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