EP0295366A2 - Installation de revêtement par pulvérisation - Google Patents

Installation de revêtement par pulvérisation Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0295366A2
EP0295366A2 EP88104055A EP88104055A EP0295366A2 EP 0295366 A2 EP0295366 A2 EP 0295366A2 EP 88104055 A EP88104055 A EP 88104055A EP 88104055 A EP88104055 A EP 88104055A EP 0295366 A2 EP0295366 A2 EP 0295366A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
ring
spray
coating device
spray coating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP88104055A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0295366A3 (fr
Inventor
Adolf Harald Sonnleitner
Karl Heinz Bergmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ransburg Gema GmbH
Original Assignee
Ransburg Gema GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ransburg Gema GmbH filed Critical Ransburg Gema GmbH
Priority to PCT/US1988/002107 priority Critical patent/WO1988010152A1/fr
Priority to JP63507089A priority patent/JPH0673642B2/ja
Priority to EP19880907909 priority patent/EP0395645A1/fr
Priority to KR1019890700191A priority patent/KR890701222A/ko
Publication of EP0295366A2 publication Critical patent/EP0295366A2/fr
Publication of EP0295366A3 publication Critical patent/EP0295366A3/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/04—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces
    • B05B5/0403—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns characterised by having rotary outlet or deflecting elements, i.e. spraying being also effected by centrifugal forces characterised by the rotating member
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/053—Arrangements for supplying power, e.g. charging power
    • B05B5/0533—Electrodes specially adapted therefor; Arrangements of electrodes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a spray coating device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the invention relates to a spray coating device for electrically conductive coating liquids.
  • the atomizer is preferably a rotary atomizer.
  • a spray coating device according to the preamble of claim 1 is known from German patent application M 15 973 IVa / 75c.
  • the electrode arrangement is completely outside the ring. Both are connected to high voltage.
  • Electrically conductive coating liquids are, in particular, paints which contain water or metal particles for so-called metallic paints. It is common to electrostatically charge the coating liquid prior to atomization so that it is attracted electrically to the object to be coated, which is grounded. Difficulties arise, however, from the fact that the electrical voltage is transferred backwards into the supply lines via the electrically conductive coating liquid because the storage container for the coating liquid has earth potential. For this reason, great efforts have already been made to interrupt the backward electrical current path between the atomizer and the liquid supply system given by the coating liquid. Devices of this type are known from DE-OS 34 40 381, DE-PS 29 37 890 and GB-PS 1 478 853.
  • the object of the invention is to achieve a simpler and nevertheless safe method by which a strong electrical charge of all particles of the coating material is achieved and at the same time a direct voltage retransmission from the sprayed electrically conductive coating material to the atomizer and into the coating material. Supply system is avoided.
  • gas streams of the two gas channels transfer electrical charges from the electrode or electrodes to the sprayed coating material only in the spray cloud region.
  • This is the electrical Charge transfer from the gas to the coating material in an area in which the sprayed coating material particles are already so far apart that no direct electrical current path can take place from the sprayed coating material back to the atomizer.
  • the complicated, expensive and time and again to clean devices for interrupting the voltage or current transmission path in the material supply system of the prior art are no longer necessary for electrically conductive coating materials.
  • a more uniform and stronger electrical charging of all particles of the sprayed coating material is achieved.
  • the invention is particularly advantageous in connection with rotary atomizers, which are known to be in the form of disks, bells and cups and are used for spraying liquid coating materials.
  • rotary atomizers which are known to be in the form of disks, bells and cups and are used for spraying liquid coating materials.
  • the invention is not limited to this, but is also advantageously applicable to stationary atomizers, which are nozzle-shaped in a known manner and are used for spraying liquid or powder coating materials.
  • the spray coating device 2 for electrically conductive coating shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 liquids contains a spray device 4 with a rotary spray head 6 in the form of a rotating bell, which throws off the coating liquid by rotation at an outer edge 11 and forms a cloud of separated particles of the coating liquid in the spray cloud region 8 located downstream of it.
  • a bundle 10 of several lines for the supply of electrically conductive coating liquid from a grounded liquid supply system and for the supply of solvent is connected to the spray coating device 2.
  • the solvent serves to flow through the spray coating device instead of the coating liquid and to clean it from the coating liquid before changing to another type of coating liquid or at the end of a working day.
  • An electrode arrangement 12 is supported by a ring 14 made of electrically insulating material, which concentrically surrounds the spray device 4.
  • the downstream end 16 of the ring 14 has a distance 20 from the downstream end 18 of the rotary body 6, which is preferably in the range between 0 mm and 50 mm.
  • the radial distance between the outer edge 22 of the rotating body 6 and the radial center 24 at the downstream end of the ring 14 is designated by 26 and is preferably between 100 mm and 250 mm.
  • the length 30 is preferably in the range between 0 mm and 50 mm.
  • the electrodes 28 are uniformly distributed around the circumference of the ring 14 at its downstream end 16 and run essentially axially parallel to the axis of rotation 32 of the rotary spray head 6.
  • the ring 14 is connected to a stationary part 36 of the spray device 4 via webs 34 made of electrically insulating material.
  • the ring 14 consists of two annular parts, namely a fastening ring 40 and a gas guide ring 42 each made of electrically insulating material.
  • the gas guide ring 42 has the task of guiding gas over the electrodes 28 and over its outer surfaces in such a way that the gas, preferably air, receives electrical charges from the electrodes 28 and injects them into the spray cloud region 8 and thereby onto the atomized, separate particles of the transmits electrically conductive coating liquid.
  • first gas channels 52 corresponding to the number of electrodes 28 is formed axially parallel to the axis of rotation 32. They each contain one of the electrodes 28, are arranged symmetrically around the circular gas guide ring 42, and each extend from an annular groove 47 in the upstream end face 76 to the downstream end 16 of the gas guide ring 42.
  • annular groove 47 there is a circular electrical one Conductor 80, to which the electrodes 28 are connected and which forms a first ring channel 78 between itself and the base of the annular groove 47, which is connected to at least one first gas feed line 49.
  • An electrical high-voltage line 90 is connected to the electrical conductor 80.
  • the electrodes 28 are surrounded by the gas flowing through the gas channels 52.
  • the gas guide ring 42 is inserted into an annular groove 44 on the downstream side of the fastening ring 40, a second annular channel 46 being formed between these two parts and being connected to at least one gas supply line 48 which is located on the upstream side 50 of the ring 14 is located.
  • a second gas channel 56 which can have the shape of an annular slot or the shape of a plurality of small annular openings, leads from the annular groove 44 on the downstream side 58 of the fastening ring 40 to a radially outer surface 60 of the gas guide ring 42.
  • a third gas channel 66 which can have the shape of an annular slot or the shape of a plurality of annularly arranged openings, extends from the second ring channel 46 to the downstream side 58 of the fastening ring 40 to a radially inner outer surface 68 of the gas guide ring 42.
  • the gas of this third gas channel 66 likewise flows over the projecting end sections 62 of the electrodes 28, mixes with the other gas and transmits together with it this electrical charges from the electrodes 28 to the particles of the atomized coating liquid.
  • a high charge of electrical energy is transferred from the electrodes to the particles of the atomized electrically conductive coating liquid, and the outer surfaces 60 and 68 of the gas guide ring 42 are kept clean by the gas by preventing particles of the coating liquid from getting onto these outer surfaces.
  • the gas prevents a backflow of particles of the coating liquid upstream from the spray cloud region 8 to the electrode arrangement 12, so that also the outer surfaces 70 of the fastening ring 40 cannot be contaminated by coating liquid.
  • the second gas channel 56 and the third gas channel 66 are each formed by a multiplicity of small openings between the fastening ring 40 and the gas guide ring 42.
  • Spacers 72 are located in the annular groove 44 between the fastening ring 40 and the gas guide ring 42.
  • the separate gas supply lines 49 and 47 allow separate adjustment and control of the gas supply to the first gas channels 78, 52 and the second and third gas channels 56 and 66.
  • the ring 14 has a wedge-shaped cross-sectional shape in the direction downstream of the spray head 6, in that the fastening ring has a substantially shorter axial dimension than the gas guide ring 42, and the gas guide ring has a triangular shape in axial section, as is particularly the case in FIG. 3 and 4 can be seen.
  • the outer surfaces 70 of the fastening ring 40 merge into one another in an arc shape in accordance with FIGS. 3 and 4.
  • the entire cross-sectional shape of the ring 14 is thereby becoming wedge-shaped in the direction downstream of the spray head 6.
  • the second gas channel 56 runs essentially parallel to the radially outer outer surface 60
  • the third gas channel 66 runs essentially parallel to the radially inner outer surface 68 of the gas guide ring 42.
  • the gas outlet direction of the second and third gas channels 56 and 66 is selected such that their gas flows are Rinse the outer surfaces 60, 68 of the gas guide ring 42 in the direction of the downstream end 16.
  • FIGS. 5 to 9 The further embodiments according to the invention, which are shown in FIGS. 5 to 9, produce a more uniform distribution of the amount of gas flowing out of the annular body around the sprayed coating material, while at the same time achieving a high electrostatic charge on the sprayed coating material. At the same time, contamination of the ring and the electrode arrangement is avoided.
  • a more uniform distribution of the amount of air flowing out around the sprayed coating material results from the fact that very small gas outlet openings are formed in a hose or tube made of flexible material, for example by piercing. These gas outlet openings are much smaller than the inside diameter of the hose or tube.
  • the invention is based on the fact that when gas is introduced into one end of a long line, no gas reaches the other end if large openings are formed in the wall of the line, but that the gas already exits through the openings of the wall at the beginning of the line . This is avoided for the purpose of the invention in that the openings in the jacket wall have a diameter which is very much smaller than the inner diameter of the line.
  • the outlet openings preferably have a diameter in the range from 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm, with an inner diameter of the hose between 2.7 mm and 3 mm. This corresponds to a ratio of the diameter, or according to the cross-sectional size, of the gas inlet openings to the diameter of the hose from about 0.06 to 0.18. Usable results are still achieved according to the invention even if the diameter of the gas outlet openings is in the range between 0.1 and 1.0 mm, which corresponds to a ratio of the diameter of the gas outlet openings to the inner diameter of the hose of approximately 0.033 to 0.37.
  • the device 2/2 shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 for the electrostatic coating of objects contains a spray device 4/2 with a rotary spray head 6/2, which can have the shape of a bell or disc.
  • a spray device 4/2 with a rotary spray head 6/2 which can have the shape of a bell or disc.
  • an air turbine 14/2 with a turbine shaft 15/2 carrying the spray head 6/2 serves to drive the rotary spray head 6/2.
  • a material feed line 16/2 is used to supply the coating material to the spray head 6/2.
  • the rotary spray head 6/2 hurls the coating material on its outer edge 11/2 essentially radially. This radially flung coating material is propelled forward by a formation gas stream 5/2 with an annular cross section in the direction of an arrow 9/2 and formed into a funnel-shaped cone of sprayed coating material 10/2.
  • the formation gas stream 5/2 flows from an annular arrangement of openings 7/2, or an annular opening, which are formed behind the rotary spray head 6/2 in the spray device 4/2.
  • Additional gas jets 18/2 flow into the funnel-shaped coating material 10/2 from behind and form a gas jacket around it.
  • the additional gas jets 18/2 preferably air jets, are generated by a ring 20/2, from which they flow out via an annular arrangement of gas outlet openings 22/2 and 24/2, which in the jacket wall of three hoses 26/2, 28 / 2 and 30/2 are formed from elastic material.
  • the three hoses 26/2, 28/2 and 30/2 extend on three different ones Ring diameters in each case over the entire circumference of the ring body 20/2 and are via separate gas feed lines 32/2, 34/2 and 36/2 and pressure adjusting devices 38/2, 40/2 or 42/2 to a compressed gas source, preferably a compressed air compressor 44 / 2, connected.
  • a compressed gas source preferably a compressed air compressor 44 / 2
  • the gas pressure for each gas supply line 32/2, 34/2 and 36/2 can be set separately or controlled by a computer depending on a program.
  • the mean ring diameter 46/2 of the outer ring-shaped hose 28/2 is larger than the mean ring diameter 48/2 of the ring-shaped middle hose 26/2, and the mean ring diameter 50/2 of the radially innermost ring-shaped hose 30 / 2 is smaller than the mean diameter 48/2 of the middle ring 26/2 with a medium diameter.
  • the three annular hoses 26/2, 28/2 and 30/2 are, seen in longitudinal section, arranged according to FIG. 5 in the three corners of the essentially triangular ring 20/2 in longitudinal section, the middle hose 26/2 being at the front and the other two hoses 28/2 and 30/2 are set back further back.
  • An electrical conductor 52/2 is arranged in the ring 20/2, which connects a plurality of needle-shaped electrodes 54/2 to one another.
  • the electrodes 54/2 protrude through the tube 26/2, which is of medium diameter and arranged at the front, and extend through the gas outlet openings 24/2 of this tube and are at a small distance from the opening edges thereof, so that the electrodes extend from the tube 26/2 escaping gas can be washed around.
  • the gas picks up electrical charges from the electrodes and transfers the charges into the sprayed coating material 10/2.
  • the electrode tips 56/2 protrude a little from the ring 20/2.
  • the middle hose 26/2 is located essentially in the tip of the triangular outer surfaces 60/2 and 62/2 of the ring 20/2.
  • This pointed shape similar to a hydrofoil of an aircraft, creates a gas flow around the ring body outer surfaces, through which no dirt particles, in particular no coating material, can deposit on the ring body.
  • the ring 20/2 therefore has practically no front side in the direction of the sprayed coating material, but a gas-flushed flow separation edge 64/2 in the area of the electrodes 54/2.
  • the electrodes 54/2 are connected via a high-voltage cable 66/2 to the high-voltage side of the high-voltage generator 68/2, which is part of the spray device 2/2 and can be connected via a low-voltage cable 70/2 to a low-voltage source, not shown.
  • the spray coating device is surrounded by a housing 72/2 made of electrically insulating material.
  • Supports 74/2 are attached to the housing 72/2 and carry the ring 20/2.
  • the supports 74/2 are connected via axially parallel rails 76/2 to the third outer surface 78/2 of the ring 20/2 which is triangular in cross section connected, the other two peripheral surfaces of which are the outer surfaces 60/2 and 62/2.
  • the tubes 28/2 and 30/2 are located in the outer corner 80/2 and in the inner corner 82/2 of this triangle.
  • FIG. 6 for example, thirty gas outlet openings 22/2 or 24/2 are formed evenly distributed around the entire circumference of the ring 20/2 in each hose 26/2, 28/2 and 30/2.
  • An electrode 54/2 is located in each of the gas outlet openings 24/2 of the middle ring hose 26/2.
  • the outlet openings are arranged at a distance of 12 ° from one another.
  • the openings 22/2 and 24/2 each have a spacing 84/2 of approximately 10 mm in the circumferential direction if the ring 20/2 has an outer diameter of approximately 465 mm and an inner diameter of approximately 355 mm.
  • the annular inner tube 30/2 and the annular central tube 26/2 each have an outer diameter 86/2 of 5 mm and an inner diameter 88/2 of 3 mm in the preferred embodiment.
  • the annular outer tube 28/2 in the preferred embodiment has an outer diameter 86/2 of 4 mm and an inner diameter 88/2 of 2.7 mm.
  • the different internal diameters of the hoses 26/2, 28/2 and 30/2 easily compensate for different flow resistances which the hoses have due to their different ring diameters and therefore due to their different lengths.
  • the diameter 90/2 of the gas outlet openings 22/2 and 24/2 of the hoses 26/2, 28/2 and 30/2 is between 0.1 and 0.8 mm, and is preferably in the range between 0.2 mm and 0.5 mm.
  • the diameter of the gas outlet openings 24/2 of the middle hose 26/2 is slightly larger than the diameter of the gas outlet openings 22/2 of the two outer and inner hoses 28/2 and 30/2, because the electrodes 54/2 through these gas outlet openings 24/2 protrude through and between the opening edges and electrodes 54/2 there must be a small space through which gas can flow out of the hose.
  • the outlet openings 22/2 and 24/2 can be formed in a simple manner by piercing the jacket wall 92/2 of the tubes with a needle. Another possibility is to punch out the gas outlet openings.
  • the hoses 26/2, 28/2 and 30/2 can be formed from straight pieces of hose which are bent into a circle and at their ends 94/2 and 96/2 by a inserted pin 98/2 are connected to each other.
  • FIG. 8 The section IV indicated in FIG. 5 is shown enlarged in FIG. 8. From this it can be seen that a gas inlet opening 100/2 is formed in the jacket wall 92/2 of each hose, which has a diameter many times larger than the gas outlet openings 22/2 and 24/2.
  • the gas inlet opening 100/2 is each connected to a gas feed piece 102/2 of the gas feed line 32/2 or 34/2 or 36/2.
  • the gas feed piece 102/2 extends perpendicular to the ring plane 104/2 of the hoses 26/2, 28/2 and 30/2 arranged in a ring.
  • Each of the hoses 26/2, 28/2 and 30/2 extends through a transverse bore 106/2 of the gas feed piece 102/2 in such a way that the gas inlet opening 100/2 of the hose lies in a longitudinal channel 108/2 of the gas feed piece 102/2 .
  • the inner hose 30/2 is in a radially inner annular chamber 112/2
  • the radially outer hose 28/2 is in a mirror-image identical outer chamber 114/2
  • the middle hose 26/2, which is offset to the front, is accommodated in a middle annular chamber 116/2.
  • a gas outlet 118/2 leads flat from the inner annular chamber 112/2 to the radially inner circumferential surface 62/2 of the annular body 20/2, and a gas outlet 120/2 leads flat from the radially outer annular chamber 114/2 to the radially outer circumferential surface 60 / 2 of the annular body 20/2, and from the middle annular chamber 116/2 leads a gas outlet 122/2 to the triangular tip 64/2, in which the two peripheral surfaces 60/2 and 62/2 converge in a triangular shape.
  • the gas outlet openings 20/2, 22/2 and 24/2 of the hoses each point into these gas outlets 118/2, 120/2 and 122/2.
  • the electrodes 54/2 are attached to the annular electrical conductor 52/2 and extend through the middle tube 26/2 to approximately the triangular tip 64/2.
  • the ring 20/2 consists of two main parts, namely an upstream mounting ring 130/2 and a downstream gas guide ring 132/2 attached to it.
  • the axial length of the mounting ring 130/2 is much shorter than its radial width, so that it has the overall shape of a flat ring.
  • the gas guide ring 132/2 has the shape of a triangle with the triangular surfaces 60/2 and 62/2 and a third triangular surface 136/2, which abuts a front end surface 138/2 of the fastening ring 130/2.
  • the inner annular chamber 112/2 and the outer annular chamber 114/2 are formed between the two adjacent surfaces 136/2 and 138/2, and an annular recess 140/2 is formed in the surface 136/2 of the gas guide ring 132/2, in which the middle annular chamber 116/2 is formed for the middle hose 26/2 and the annular electrical conductor 52/2 with the electrodes 54/2 is housed.
  • all hoses, electrodes and connections for this purpose are held between the two parts fastening ring 130/2 and gas guide ring 132/2.
  • a rotary atomizer nozzle 150 is not provided, but a stationary atomizer nozzle 150. All other parts are the same as in the embodiment according to FIGS. 5 to 8 and are therefore not described again, the coating material feed line 16/2 opening into the spray nozzle 150.
  • annular pipes made of plastic or metal can also be used, e.g. made of copper or aluminum.

Landscapes

  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)
  • Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
EP88104055A 1987-06-16 1988-03-15 Installation de revêtement par pulvérisation Withdrawn EP0295366A3 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1988/002107 WO1988010152A1 (fr) 1987-06-16 1988-06-13 Vaporisateur de revetements electriquement conducteurs
JP63507089A JPH0673642B2 (ja) 1987-06-16 1988-06-13 導電性被覆液用吹付け被覆装置
EP19880907909 EP0395645A1 (fr) 1987-06-16 1988-06-13 Vaporisateur de rev tements electriquement conducteurs
KR1019890700191A KR890701222A (ko) 1987-06-16 1988-06-13 전기전도성 도장액용 분사도장장치

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3720201A DE3720201C1 (de) 1987-06-16 1987-06-16 Spruehbeschichtungseinrichtung mit einer ringfoermigen Elektrodenanordnung fuer elektrisch leitfaehige Beschichtungsfluessigkeiten
DE3720201 1987-06-16

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0295366A2 true EP0295366A2 (fr) 1988-12-21
EP0295366A3 EP0295366A3 (fr) 1990-03-07

Family

ID=6329855

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88104055A Withdrawn EP0295366A3 (fr) 1987-06-16 1988-03-15 Installation de revêtement par pulvérisation

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US5011086A (fr)
EP (1) EP0295366A3 (fr)
KR (1) KR890701222A (fr)
DE (1) DE3720201C1 (fr)

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EP1475159A1 (fr) * 2003-05-05 2004-11-10 ITW Gema AG Dispositif de revêtement de poudre par pulvérisation

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KR890701222A (ko) 1989-12-19
DE3720201C1 (de) 1988-09-08
EP0295366A3 (fr) 1990-03-07
US5011086A (en) 1991-04-30

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