EP0302045B2 - Moteur à deux temps - Google Patents

Moteur à deux temps Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0302045B2
EP0302045B2 EP19880890184 EP88890184A EP0302045B2 EP 0302045 B2 EP0302045 B2 EP 0302045B2 EP 19880890184 EP19880890184 EP 19880890184 EP 88890184 A EP88890184 A EP 88890184A EP 0302045 B2 EP0302045 B2 EP 0302045B2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
injection
nozzle
fuel
internal combustion
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP19880890184
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0302045A3 (en
EP0302045A2 (fr
EP0302045B1 (fr
Inventor
Diethard Dipl.-Ing. Plohberger
Leopold Dr. Mikulic
Klaus Dr. Landfahrer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AVL List GmbH
Original Assignee
AVL List GmbH
AVL Gesellschaft fuer Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Messtechnik mbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=3524251&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0302045(B2) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by AVL List GmbH, AVL Gesellschaft fuer Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Messtechnik mbH filed Critical AVL List GmbH
Publication of EP0302045A2 publication Critical patent/EP0302045A2/fr
Publication of EP0302045A3 publication Critical patent/EP0302045A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0302045B1 publication Critical patent/EP0302045B1/fr
Publication of EP0302045B2 publication Critical patent/EP0302045B2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F02M69/042—Positioning of injectors with respect to engine, e.g. in the air intake conduit
    • F02M69/045—Positioning of injectors with respect to engine, e.g. in the air intake conduit for injecting into the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a two-stroke internal combustion engine with crankcase flushing with an overflow channel, the overflow opening in the cylinder is controlled by the engine piston, the bottom of which is flat and rotationally symmetrical, and with a fuel injection nozzle opposite the outlet opening in the overflow channel, the injection jet of the injection nozzle is directed to the side of the piston head facing the cylinder chamber and the jet axis of the injection jet forms an angle with the piston axis which is less than 90, the injection jet of the injection nozzle being directed at least predominantly towards the half of the piston head opposite the outlet opening.
  • FIG. 25 shows a two-stroke internal combustion engine of the type mentioned, in which the injection jet of the injection nozzle is directed towards the half opposite the outlet opening. This creates an air flow directed against the fuel, which prevents the direct outflow of the mixture through the open outlet and reduces the fuel losses.
  • the possible power yield is limited by the injection and evaporation time of the fuel, which means that the measures mentioned in the high speed range and high performance requirements alone cannot achieve a satisfactory reduction in fuel losses.
  • a partial improvement of the mixture preparation is achieved by the teaching from GB-A 723 972, where in a two-stroke internal combustion engine of the type mentioned at the outset, the injection jet of the injection nozzle is directed toward the side of the piston head facing the cylinder chamber.
  • the jet axis of the injection jet closes with the Piston axis an angle less than 90.
  • fuel losses due to outflow through the outlet opening cannot be prevented by this.
  • the aim of the invention is to avoid the disadvantages mentioned and to propose a two-stroke internal combustion engine of the type mentioned at the outset, which is distinguished by a simple structure and only very low fuel losses and hydrocarbon emissions, these advantages being retained even at higher engine speeds and loads should.
  • the injection nozzle is designed as a multi-hole nozzle, preferably as a two-jet nozzle, and that for the area of higher engine speeds and loads, the start of injection is defined even before the overflow opening of the overflow channel is opened by the piston, so that part of the fuel in the overflow channel pre-evaporates can.
  • the fuel is injected during the purging phase at a time when the overflow channel and outlet channel are open. The fuel evaporates rapidly on the side of the piston head facing the cylinder chamber.
  • the air movement that occurs during the purging of the cylinder leads on the one hand to a very good mixture formation and, on the other hand, to surprisingly low fuel losses, because due to the at least predominant injection onto the half of the piston head opposite the outlet opening, there is an air flow that opposes the fuel jet and prevents the outflow of mixture forms a kind of barrier through the simultaneously opened outlet.
  • the measures according to the invention result in the advantage of good cooling of the piston crown by the injected fuel, which also removes the heat of vaporization required for the evaporation.
  • the multi-jet fuel injection distributes the fuel better, which leads to faster evaporation and more uniform cooling of the piston crown. This makes it possible to increase the performance of the internal combustion engine with the same dimensions without resulting in an increased fuel loss.
  • each jet axis of the injection jets viewed in a top view of the piston, is directed essentially towards one of the overflow channels additionally arranged on the circumference of the cylinder wall.
  • FIG. 1 shows a two-stroke internal combustion engine according to the invention in longitudinal section, in which a plurality of channels 2, 2 ', which are distributed on the circumference of the cylinder wall 9, open into overflow openings 12, 12' in the cylinder chamber 1, to which an outlet channel 3 with an outlet opening 13 is assigned, which extends over a larger part of the height of the cylinder space 1 than the overflow openings 12, 12 'and is therefore released earlier by the piston 4 when the piston 4 moves in the direction of the crankcase, not shown, in order to allow the combustion gases to flow out before the opening of the To allow overflow openings.
  • An injection nozzle 5 is arranged in one of the overflow channels 2, the injection jet 7 of which is directed against the side 8 of the piston head 6 facing the cylinder space 1.
  • the beam axis 7 ' encloses an angle a which is less than 90 with the piston movement directed parallel to the bottom dead center and the piston axis 10.
  • the fuel is largely injected at a point in time when the piston 4 is in the region of its bottom dead center and the overflow openings 12, 12 'are therefore open. If the duration of the injection exceeds the opening duration of the overflow channels, as can be the case at very high speeds, it is possible and provided with the arrangement described to shift the start of injection in the "earlier" direction so that part of the fuel in the overflow channel 2 or 2 'can pre-evaporate, which also results in a very good mixture formation. As a result, the two-stroke internal combustion engine described is also suitable for very high speeds of up to over 10,000 revolutions per minute, without loss of performance or increased fuel consumption due to insufficient mixture formation or increased fuel losses.
  • FIG. 2 shows a variant of a two-stroke internal combustion engine according to the invention with a plurality of injection nozzles 5 arranged in overflow channels 2, 2 '.
  • the jet axes 7' of the injection jets 7 of this injection nozzle cross each other in a manner offset from the center 11 of the piston 4 in the direction of the overflow channel 2 Point.
  • the injection direction of the nozzle arranged in the overflow channel 2 ' is essentially opposite to the inflow direction of the scavenging air of the opposite overflow channels 2'. This leads to a correspondingly strong swirling of the purge air with the vaporized fuel, which results in good mixture preparation and control of the charge stratification. In addition, this also reduces the loss of fuel via the outlet duct 3 and thus also reduces the hydrocarbon emission.
  • FIG. 3 shows a further variant of a two-stroke internal combustion engine according to the invention, in which a two-jet nozzle 5 'is arranged in the overflow channel 2 or in the direction of the area of the cylinder chamber 1 directly adjoining it.
  • the jet axes 7 'of the injection jets 7 of this nozzle are essentially directed against the purge air flows entering the cylinder space 1 from two different overflow channels 2'. This ensures particularly good swirling and thus mixture preparation. At the same time, the fuel losses caused by an outflow of fuel mixture into the outlet channel 3 are minimized.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (3)

1. Moteur à combustion interne à deux temps dans lequel le balayage du carter de vilebrequin est assuré par un canal de trop-plein (2) dont l'ouverture de trop-plein (12) est commandée dans le cylindre (1) par le piston (4) du moteur, dont le fond est plat et présente une symétrie de révolution, une buse d'injection de carburant (5), placée à l'opposé de l'ouverture d'échappement (13), a son jet dirigé sur la face (8) du fond (4) du piston tournée vers la chambre (1) du cylindre en faisant avec l'axe (10) du piston un angle (a) qui est inférieur à 90°, ce jet d'injection (7) étant dirigé, tout au moins de façon prépondérante, sur la moitié du fond du piston placée à l'opposé de l'ouverture d'échappement (13), caractérisé en ce que la buse d'injection (5) est une buse comportant plusieurs orifices, de préférence une buse à deux jets, et que, pour la zone des vitesses de rotation et des charges élevées du moteur, le début de l'injection est provoqué par le piston (4) avant la libération de l'ouverture (12) du canal de trop-plein (2), de sorte qu'une partie du carburant peut être prévapo- rée dans le canal de trop-plein.
2. Moteur à combustion interne à deux temps selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, dans des canaux de trop-plein (2') disposés en supplément à la périphérie de la paroi (9) du cylindre, sont prévues d'autres buses d'injection (5).
3. Moteur à comoustion interne à deux temps selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que chaque axe (7') des jets d'injection (7), regardé en vue de dessus sur le piston (4), est essentiellement dirigé sur un des canaux de trop-plein (2') disposés en supplément à la périphérie de la paroi (9) du cylindre.
EP19880890184 1987-07-30 1988-07-11 Moteur à deux temps Expired - Lifetime EP0302045B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT1937/87 1987-07-30
AT193787A AT397695B (de) 1987-07-30 1987-07-30 Zweitakt-brennkraftmaschine

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0302045A2 EP0302045A2 (fr) 1989-02-01
EP0302045A3 EP0302045A3 (en) 1990-01-17
EP0302045B1 EP0302045B1 (fr) 1992-03-04
EP0302045B2 true EP0302045B2 (fr) 1994-11-17

Family

ID=3524251

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19880890184 Expired - Lifetime EP0302045B2 (fr) 1987-07-30 1988-07-11 Moteur à deux temps

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0302045B2 (fr)
JP (1) JPH0737765B2 (fr)
AT (1) AT397695B (fr)
DE (1) DE3868760D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017102792A1 (de) 2017-02-13 2018-08-16 Ktm Ag Zweitaktbrennkraftmaschine

Families Citing this family (22)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4374568A (en) * 1981-02-13 1983-02-22 Sonoco Products Company Composite container with compressed body wall portion
EP0474623B1 (fr) * 1990-09-07 1994-04-13 Franz Dipl.Ing.Dr. Laimböck Moteur à combustion interne à allumage commandé avec balayage du carter de vilebrequin
DE4219955B4 (de) * 1992-06-18 2007-01-04 Fa. Andreas Stihl Zweitaktbrennkraftmaschine für Motorkettensägen
JPH07189875A (ja) * 1993-12-28 1995-07-28 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd ２サイクルエンジンの燃料噴射装置
US5762040A (en) * 1997-02-04 1998-06-09 Brunswick Corporation Cylinder wall fuel injection system for loop-scavenged, two-cycle internal combustion engine
US5791304A (en) * 1997-02-13 1998-08-11 Brunswick Corporation Cylinder wall fuel injection system for cross-scavenged, two-cycle combustion engine
IT1291231B1 (it) * 1997-02-28 1998-12-30 Bimota Spa Apparato di alimentazione ad iniezione elettronica diretta per motore endotermico a due tempi.
US6092494A (en) * 1998-01-27 2000-07-25 Brunswick Corporation Controlled pressure rise in two-cycle internal combustion engine having cylinder wall fuel injection
US6079379A (en) * 1998-04-23 2000-06-27 Design & Manufacturing Solutions, Inc. Pneumatically controlled compressed air assisted fuel injection system
US6293235B1 (en) 1998-08-21 2001-09-25 Design & Manufacturing Solutions, Inc. Compressed air assisted fuel injection system with variable effective reflection length
US6273037B1 (en) 1998-08-21 2001-08-14 Design & Manufacturing Solutions, Inc. Compressed air assisted fuel injection system
US6729275B2 (en) 1999-02-05 2004-05-04 Avl List Gmbh Two-stroke internal combustion engine with crankcase scavenging
US6539900B2 (en) 1999-02-05 2003-04-01 Avl List Gmbh Two-stroke internal combustion engine with crankcase scavenging
CA2399946A1 (fr) 2000-03-14 2001-08-20 British Telecommunications Public Limited Company Un format de code d'identification
US6691649B2 (en) 2000-07-19 2004-02-17 Bombardier-Rotax Gmbh Fuel injection system for a two-stroke engine
DE10220555B4 (de) 2002-05-08 2013-06-27 Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Zweitaktmotors und Zweitaktmotor
DE10229365B4 (de) * 2002-06-29 2013-10-31 Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Zweitaktmotor und Verfahren zu dessen Betrieb
DE10241213A1 (de) 2002-09-06 2004-03-18 Andreas Stihl Ag & Co. Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Zweitaktmotors mit Gemischansaugung
AT507635B1 (de) 2008-12-02 2013-08-15 Kirchberger Roland Dipl Ing Dr Techn Zweitakt-verbrennungsmotor
US9046068B2 (en) * 2012-10-31 2015-06-02 Electro-Motive Diesel, Inc. Fuel system for a dual-fuel engine
AT515564B1 (de) 2014-01-30 2016-03-15 Kirchberger Roland Dipl Ing Dr Techn Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Zweitakt-Ottomotors
EP3196436B1 (fr) * 2014-09-18 2018-12-05 IHI Corporation Moteur alternatif

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US1102025A (en) * 1913-07-18 1914-06-30 Lewis M Ellis Fuel-injector for explosion-engines.
GB723972A (en) * 1950-05-22 1955-02-16 Gutbrod Motorenbau Gmbh An improved two-stroke cycle direct injection internal combustion engine
DE1272619B (de) * 1959-06-22 1968-07-11 Dr Friedrich Stuempfig Kraftstoffeinbringvorrichtung fuer Brennkraftmaschinen mit Kraftstoffverdampfung
DE1231482B (de) * 1963-02-12 1966-12-29 Wilhelm Schindele Vorrichtung zum Einbringen des Brennstoffes bei schnellaufenden Einspritzbrennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere mit Gemischverdichtung und Fremdzuendung
US3190271A (en) * 1964-01-27 1965-06-22 Mcculloch Corp Fuel-air injection system for internal combustion engines
GB1081153A (en) * 1966-01-21 1967-08-31 Kjell Torsten Julius Henrikson Improved two-stroke internal combustion engine
DE2126159A1 (de) * 1970-05-29 1971-12-09 Plessey Handel Und Investments Ag, Zug (Schweiz) Zweitaktverbrennungsmotor
FR2166420A5 (fr) * 1971-10-19 1973-08-17 Motobecane Ateliers
GB1538852A (en) * 1975-04-25 1979-01-24 Hooper B Multi-cylinder stepped piston two stroke engines
JPS5734986Y2 (fr) * 1978-07-07 1982-08-03
JPS5841216A (ja) * 1981-09-02 1983-03-10 Sanshin Ind Co Ltd ２サイクル内燃機関
AT391351B (de) * 1985-11-06 1990-09-25 Steyr Daimler Puch Ag Zweitakt-brennkraftmaschine mit kurbelgehaeusespuelung und einer duese zur kraftstoffeinspritzung

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017102792A1 (de) 2017-02-13 2018-08-16 Ktm Ag Zweitaktbrennkraftmaschine
DE102017102792B4 (de) 2017-02-13 2024-06-27 Ktm Ag Zweitaktbrennkraftmaschine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0302045A3 (en) 1990-01-17
AT397695B (de) 1994-06-27
EP0302045A2 (fr) 1989-02-01
ATA193787A (de) 1993-10-15
JPH0737765B2 (ja) 1995-04-26
DE3868760D1 (de) 1992-04-09
JPS6473167A (en) 1989-03-17
EP0302045B1 (fr) 1992-03-04

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